Life 2e bre ELEM SB u01 grammar summary

GRAMMAR SUMMARY UNIT 1
be (am/is/are)

* Remember that we use you for singular and
plural.

When we speak, and in
informal writing, we normally
use contractions of be after
pronouns. We use an
apostrophe (’) to show a
missing letter. With is not and
are not there are two possible
contractions.
He isn’t British. = He’s not
British.
They’re not married. = They
aren’t married.
 Exercise 1

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We often use the ’s contraction after who, what, where, when, how and why.
Who’s Richard?
Where’s the party?
We never use contractions in positive short answers.

Are you Michele? Yes, I’m. Yes, I am.
 Exercises 2 and 3
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possessive ’s and possessive adjectives
possessive ’s
We use noun + ’s to show possession.
The photographer's name is David Doubilet.
Miguel’s brother is a journalist.
After a plural noun, we only add an apostrophe.
My grandparents’ house is in the city centre.
After noun + noun, we only use one ’s.
Petr and Magda’s garden is beautiful.
Remember that ’s is also the contracted form of is.
 Exercise 4

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Possessive adjectives
We use possessive adjectives to talk about people in our family and possessions.

Mehmet is my brother.
Your car is nice.
His sister is in China.
Her parents are here.
It’s a restaurant. Its name is Happy Food.
Julie is our teacher.
Their family is from the USA.
We don’t put the, a or an before possessive adjectives.
Maria and Valentina are the my cousins.
Maria and Valentina are my cousins.
 Exercises 5 and 6

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Exercises
1 Complete the sentences with the correct affirmative (+) or negative (–) form
of be.
1
2
3
4
5

I ____________
a doctor. (+)

’m
She ____________
a student. (–)
isn’t
He ____________
’s
from Sweden. (+)
I ____________
’m not
married. (–)
They ____________
on holiday. (+)
’re

6 We ____________
from France. (–)
aren’t

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2 Match the questions (1–6) with the short answers (a–f).
d 1

c 5

Are you a teacher?
Is he 20 years old?
Are they from New Zealand?
Is she single?
Are you both at the train station?

b 6

Am I late?

f 2
e 3
a 4

a Yes, she is.
b No, you aren’t.
c Yes, we are.
d Yes, I am.
e No, they aren’t.
f No, he isn’t.
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p. 159


3 Complete the conversations. Use contractions when possible.
1 A: How old ____________
you?

are
B: I ____________
28 years old.
’m
2 A: Where ____________
she from?
’s
’s
B: She ____________
from the UK.
3 A: ____________
they at home now?
Are
B: Yes, they ____________.
are
4 A: ____________
he at school?
Is
B: No, he ____________.
isn’t
5 A: ____________
you a nurse?
Are
B: No, I ____________.
’m not
6 A: What ____________
your name?
’s
B: My name ____________
Katie.

’s

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p. 159


4 Add an apostrophe or ’s in the correct place in the sentences.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Lisa ’s brother is here.
^
’s
This is Hugo house.
^
Abby’sgrandmother is Mary Peters.
^
Anna’shusband is a journalist.
^
’s
Sara and Pablo father is in Brazil.
^

My parents’ house is in the centre.
^
Simon’scars are blue and green.
^

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5 Complete the sentences with a possessive adjective.
1 Marco and Samanta are married. ____________
hobbies are swimming
Their
and running.
2
3
4
5
6

He’s from Germany, but ____________
father is from Brazil.
his
We live in the USA, but ____________
grandparents live in Japan.
our
This is a language school. ____________

name is Study Centre.
Its
I’m 40 years old and ____________
wife is 34 years old.
my
A: What’s ____________
your
job?
B: I’m a filmmaker.

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6 Complete the dialogue with the words in the box. Use each word once.

A: Hello, I’m Maia. What’s 1 ____________
name?
your
B: I’m Martina. Where are you from?
A: I’m from Portugal. And you?
B: I’m from Mexico but 2 ____________
husband is from England.
my
3 ____________
family are all in England.
His

A: What’s 4 ____________
job?
his
B: He’s a photographer.
Her
A: Oh, my sister’s a photographer. 5 ____________
name is Silvia. Do you
have brothers and sisters?
B: Yes, I do. My 6 ____________
sister’s name is Eva.

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teaching purpose only. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

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