Tài liệu Professional SQL Server™ 2005 Reporting Services ppt

Professional
SQL Server
™
2005
Reporting Services
Paul Turley
Todd Bryant
James Counihan
Dave DuVarney
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Professional
SQL Server
™
2005
Reporting Services
Paul Turley
Todd Bryant
James Counihan
Dave DuVarney
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Professional SQL Server
™
2005 Reporting Services
Published by
Wiley Publishing, Inc.
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Copyright © 2006 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana

Published simultaneously in Canada
ISBN-13: 978-0-7645-8497-8
ISBN-10: 0-7645-8497-9
Manufactured in the United States of America
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1B/RV/QS/QW/IN
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
Professional SQL Server 2005 reporting services / Paul Turley [et al.].
p. cm.
“Wiley Technology Publishing.”
Includes index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-7645-8497-8 (paper/website)
ISBN-10: 0-7645-8497-9 (paper/website)
1. SQL server. 2. Client/server computing. I. Turley, Paul, 1962-
QA76.9.C55P79 2006
005.75’85—dc22
2005036108
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About the Authors
Paul Turley
Paul Turley is a senior consultant for Hitachi Consulting. He architects database, reporting and business
intelligence solutions for many prominent consulting clients. In addition to Reporting Services, he has

created reporting solutions using Crystal Reports, Active Reports, and Access. Since 1988, he has man-
aged IT projects, designed and programmed applications using Visual Basic 3, 4, 5, 6, ASP.NET,
ADO.NET, and SQL Server. He obtained his MCSD certification in 1996 and other certifications include
MCDBA, IT Project+, and Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) Practitioner.
He designed and maintains
www.Scout-Master.com, a web-based service that enables Boy Scout
units to manage their membership and advancement records online using ASP.NET, SQL Server, and
Reporting Services.
Paul authored Beginning Transact SQL for SQL Server 2000 and 2005. He has been a contributing author
on books and articles including Professional Access 2000 Programming, Beginning Access 2002 VBA, and
SQL Server Data Warehousing with Analysis Services, all from WROX Press.
My deepest appreciation goes to my wife, Sherri, and our children: Josh, Rachael, Sara, and Krista for
their support and understanding. Writing two books over the past year and a half has been a challenge
for all of us. Rachael: You did a great job managing my screen shots. Sara, you are a champion and a
fighter, and I appreciate your strength and example to everyone around you. Thanks to my folks and
extended family who make me proud to be who and where I am.
My appreciation to everyone at Hitachi Consulting for their support and contributions. Hitachi is a
stellar organization with top-notch people who know how to get business done. Your support over the
past year is appreciated.
Paul contributed Chapters 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and Appendixes C and D to this book.
Paul may be contacted at

Todd Bryant
Todd Bryant has been creating custom data-focused applications and reporting solutions since the early
eighties. He began using Microsoft technologies in 1998, and the love affair began. Todd has been con-
tract programming, teaching, and developing custom courseware ever since. He is currently working
half-time as a software architect for SoftWyre, a Little Rock, Arkansas, based software development com-
pany as well as training half-time at Netdesk Corporation in Seattle, where he concentrates on enterprise
solutions, Com+ services, and object-oriented programming using both VB.NET and C#. His certifica-
tions include the MCSD, MCSE, MCDBA, and MCT certifications from Microsoft; the CNA certification

from Novell; and both CompTIA’s A+ and CTT+.
I would like to thank my family and friends for putting up with me during many months of late night
work. I want to thankTodd Meister, our technical Editor. He was a joy to work with and made the pro-
cess much more enjoyable.
Todd contributed Chapter 13 and Appendix B to this book.
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James Counihan
James Counihan started teaching himself binary in the early 1970s. He is now a Seattle-area consultant
specializing in development on the .NET platform.
I wouldn’t be where I am today if it weren’t for the love and support of the people who care about me.
Especially to my parents and sister, thank you!
James contributed Chapters 10, 11, 12, and Appendix A to this book.
Dave DuVarney
Dave DuVarney is a principal for Statera’s Seattle office. He has broad technical knowledge stemming
from his experiences as a software developer, a certified public accountant, and a technology trainer.
Dave has been involved in multiple software development projects ranging from contract management
systems to human rights auditing. He is proficient in numerous development languages as well as
Microsoft business intelligence technologies. Most recently he has been consulting and delivering on
SQL Server 2005 Analysis Services, Reporting Services, and Integration Services. Dave is the coauthor
of Professional SQL Server Reporting Services.
I want to thank my wife Stephanie for putting up with another summer of weekends behind the com-
puter. I’d also like to thank the other authors for giving so much of their time to make this second book a
reality.
Dave contributed Chapters 2, 3, 8, and 9 to this book.
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Acknowledgments
Our sincere thanks go to the members of the Reporting Services product team at Microsoft, who have been
very supportive and accessible. A large portion of this book’s content is a direct result of the numerous
meetings and phone calls and hundreds of e-mails exchanged with our friends in the Reporting Services
group at Microsoft. We’ve had the privilege of working with many folks at Microsoft on these two books

over the past three years and greatly appreciate their many contributions. In particular, we’d like to thank
Jason Carlson, Brian Welcker, Chris Hays, Carolyn Chau, Tudor Trufinescu, Lukasz Pawlowski, Fang
Wang, and Rajeev Karunakaran.
A big thank you goes to Andrew Bryan at Dundas Software for his help with the charting features. The
integration in the product is awesome, and your assistance and support have been invaluable.
Our editors at Wiley, Katie Mohr and Tom Dinse, have been terrific to work with, and Todd Meister did
an awesome job on the technical review.
The Business Intelligence team at Hitachi Consulting has been a tremendous source of support and
learning. Thanks for giving us the space to push the envelope. Special thanks to Hilary Feier, Mike
Luckevich, Carr Krueger, Reed Jacobson, Tory Tolton, Ted Corbett, Martin Powdrill, Patrick Husting,
Steve Muise, Stacia Misner, Jeanne Barnham, Scott Cameron, and too many others to mention by name.
Our consulting clients deserve a lot of the credit for affording us the opportunity to put this product in
front of real businesses and corporate decision makers. The rules prevent us from acknowledging all of
those we’d like to here. For the many with whom we’ve had the pleasure of sharing your work spaces,
attending your meetings, and bringing your servers to a grinding halt while developing reporting solu-
tions, you deserve our gratitude in a large measure.
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Contents
Acknowledgments ix
Foreword I xxi
Foreword II xxiii
Introduction xxv
Part One: Getting Started 1
Chapter 1: What Can You Do with Reporting Services? 3
What We’ve Learned 3
Who Uses Reporting Services? 4
Application and Reporting Technology 5
Information, Now! 6
Solution Types 7

Out-of-the-Box Reports 8
Server-Based Reports 8
User-Designed Reports 9
Designing Reports 9
Simple Application Integration 11
Launching Reports from an Application 12
User Interaction and Dynamic Reporting 12
Intranet and Internet Report Access 14
Seamless Application Integration 14
Web Application Integration 14
Portal Integration 15
Windows Application Integration 15
Managing and Customizing the Report Server 16
Summary 17
Chapter 2: Introduction to Microsoft SQL Server Reporting Services 2005 19
Traditional Application Reporting 20
Today’s Reporting Requirements 21
Business Intelligence Defined 21
Automation to the Rescue — a Scenario 22
Challenges of Existing Reporting Solutions 23
How Does SQL Server Reporting Services Meet This Challenge? 24
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Contents
Business Intelligence Solutions 25
Who Uses Reports and Why? 25
Executive Leadership 26
Managers 26
Information Workers 26
Customers 26

Vendors and Partners 27
Reporting Solution Alternatives 27
Reporting with Relational Data (OLTP) 27
Relational Data Warehouses 27
Reporting with Multidimensional Data (OLAP) 28
The Reporting Lifecycle 29
Report Delivery Application Types 29
Web Browser 29
Office Applications 30
Programmability 30
Subscriptions 30
Report Formats 30
Importing Data/Exchanging Data 31
Ad Hoc Reporting 31
System Requirements 31
Reporting Services Components 33
Server Components 33
Client Components 33
Getting Help with Books Online 33
Adventure Works Sample Databases 33
Administrative Tools 34
Command-Line and Unattended Installation 34
Log Files 34
Designing Reports 34
Form Reports 34
Tabular Reports 34
Groupings and Drill-Down 35
Drill-Through Reports 35
Multicolumn Reports 35
Matrix 35

Charts 35
Data Sources 35
Queries 35
OLAP Reporting 36
Using Business Intelligence Development Studio 36
Report Wizard 36
The .NET Framework 37
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Contents
Extending Reporting Services 37
Data Processing Extensions 37
Delivery Extensions 37
Security Extensions 37
Rendering Extensions 38
Scripting 38
Subscriptions 38
Securing Reports 38
The Report Manager 39
Designing Reports 39
URL Access to Reports 40
Rendering Reports in Program Code 40
Report Definition Language 41
Deploying Reports 41
Designing and Architecting Report Solutions 41
Third-Party Product Integration 41
Summary 42
Chapter 3: Reporting Services Architecture 45
Reporting Lifecycle 46
Authoring 46

Management 46
Delivery 47
Reporting Services 2005 47
Platform Overview 47
Reporting Services XML Web Service 49
Report Server 50
Reporting Services Catalog 61
Report Design 64
Report User Interface 66
Summary 67
Part Two: Report Design 69
Chapter 4: Basic Report Design 71
Report Design 101 72
Using the Report Wizard 72
The Report Wizard 75
Establishing a Data Source 75
Building a Query 78
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Defining the Report Structure 82
Specifying the Deployment Location 84
The Report Designer 85
Scale Units 86
Report Definition Language 92
Report Migration and Integration 93
Importing Access Reports 93
Plan for Extensibility 94
Browser Compatibility 94
Offline Viewing 94

Mobile Device Support 95
Report Items and Data Regions 95
Textbox Report Item 96
Line Report Item 98
Rectangle Report Item 98
Image Report Item 98
Subreport Item 102
Chart Report Item 102
Drill-Down and Drill-Through Reports 106
Tabular Reports 108
Grouping Data 108
Subtotals 111
Formatting 112
Standard Formatting 114
Explicit Formatting 115
Conditional Formatting 116
Multiple Columns 118
Pagination Control 119
Page Breaks for a Rectangle 119
Page Breaks for a List 120
Page Breaks for a Table 120
Page Breaks for a Group 120
Page Breaks for a Matrix 121
Page Breaks for a Chart 121
Printing Considerations 121
Summary 122
Chapter 5: Designing Data Access 125
Reporting for Relational Data 127
Query Basics 127
Data Sources 128

Data Sources and Query Languages 130
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Filtering Techniques 131
Parameter Concepts 132
Filtering Data with Query Parameters 134
Report Parameters 135
Basing a Parameter on a Query 137
Cascading Parameters 138
Using Stored Procedures 148
Filtering Data with Report Parameters 151
Reporting for Analytical Data 155
SQL Server Analysis Services 155
Using Other Data Sources 173
Microsoft Access 174
Microsoft Excel 178
Oracle P/L SQL 178
Sybase Adaptive Server 179
Best Practices 180
Summary 180
Chapter 6: Advanced Report Design 183
Anatomy of a Text Box 184
Grouping Data 186
Data Regions 187
Using the List Item 187
Creating a Tabular Report Using a Table 192
Column Placement and Indentation 199
Headers and Footers 203
Aggregate Functions and Totals 205

Using the Expression Builder 206
Drill-Down Reports 208
Creating a Document Map 210
Links and Drill-Through Reports 212
Bookmarks and Links 212
Drill-Through Reports 212
Recursive Relationships 214
Subreports 218
Designing Matrix Reports 221
Subtotals and Summaries 224
Drill-Down in a Matrix 225
Chart Reports 228
Chart Types 228
Column Charts 230
Area and Line Charts 233
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Pie Charts 233
Bubble Charts 235
The Anatomy of a Chart 237
Chart Report Exercise 239
Custom Fields 245
Conditional Expressions 246
IIF() Is Your Friend 246
Using Custom Code 249
Why Visual Basic? 249
Using Custom Code in a Report 250
Using a Custom Assembly 251
Custom Assembly Security 253

Errors, Warnings, and Debugging Code 254
Designing for Mobility 254
Best Practices and Tips 259
Summary 260
Chapter 7: Report Solution Patterns and Recipes 261
Reporting Project Requirement Guidelines 262
Key Success Factors 262
Reporting on Existing Data Sources 263
Building an End-to-End Reporting Solution 264
Report Specifications 265
Development Phases 266
Migrating and Converting Reports 268
Working with the Strengths and Limitations of the Architecture 269
Report Recipes 272
Greenbar Reports 272
Multiple Criterion Report Filtering 277
Multi-field Data Point Charts 279
TOP X and “Other” Chart 285
Dynamic Images: Scales and Gauges 286
Creating a Business Scorecard 289
Creating Sparklines 297
Using Field Values in Page Headers and Footers 303
Group Continued in Page Header or Footer 304
Dynamic Grouping 305
Sorting on Column Headers 308
Dynamic Fields and Columns 315
Modifying Data from a Report 316
Selected and Deselected Item List 320
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Contents
Using Advanced and Third-Party Report Items 324
Dynamic Image Content 328
Using Advanced and Third-Party Controls for Parameter Selection 335
Summary 337
Part Three: Enabling End User Reporting with Report Builder 339
Chapter 8: Reporting Services Report Models 341
Getting Started 341
Creating the Report Model Data Source 342
Building a Data Source View 345
Building the Report Model 353
Report Model Wizard 353
Working with Reporting Services Report Models 357
Deploying the Report Model 362
Building Report Models from Analysis Services Databases 363
Summary 366
Chapter 9: Report Builder 369
Building Report Models 369
Working with the Report Builder 370
Accessing the Report Builder 370
Building a Report 371
Formatting a Report 385
Filtering and Sorting Reports 389
Adding Calculations with Expressions 394
Administration 397
Summary 397
Part Four: Administering Reporting Services 399
Chapter 10: Report Management 401
Report Server Content 401
Managing Content Items 402

Report Manager 402
SQL Server Management Studio 404
Other Utilities 405
Programmatic Interfaces 405
Securing Report Server Content 406
Role-Based Security 406
Tasks 407
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Roles 407
Role Assignments 410
Security Inheritance 413
Item-Level Security 413
System-Level Security 413
Site Settings 414
Properties 414
My Reports 415
Securing My Reports 416
Managing Reports 417
Working in Folders 417
Report Properties 418
Linked Reports 420
Publishing Reports 421
Updating Reports 423
Working with Data Sources 423
Private Data Sources 424
Shared Data Sources 424
Creating Data Sources 424
Data Source Credentials 426

Updating Data Sources 426
Managing Report Execution 427
Report Execution Process 427
On-demand Report Generation 428
Working with Cached Instances 428
Snapshots and History 429
Report History 431
Scheduling Reports 432
Delivering Reports 433
E-Mail Delivery 433
File Share Delivery 434
Report Subscriptions 435
Snapshot-Triggered Subscriptions 436
Schedule-Triggered Subscriptions 436
Data-Driven Subscriptions 437
Automating Content Management 437
Automating Subscription Management 437
Automating Report Deployment 447
Creating Scripts 448
Using the RS WMI Provider 448
Creating a Script Using Code 449
Summary 455
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Contents
Chapter 11: Report Server Administration 457
Deploying Reporting Services 458
Reporting Services Components 459
The Report Server 463
Server Configurations 467

Configuration Tools 470
Configuration Utilities 471
Configuration Files 474
Backup and Restore Procedures 474
Backing Up the Report Server Catalog 474
Backing Up the Encryption Key 475
Monitoring and Performance 476
Report Execution 477
Caching 477
Exploring the Execution Log 478
Performance Counters 480
Summary 484
Part Five: Reporting Services Integration
and the Reporting Services Web Services 485
Chapter 12: Integrating Reporting Services into Custom Applications 487
URL Access 488
URL Syntax 488
Accessing Reporting Services Objects 489
Reporting Services URL Parameters 493
Passing Report Information through the URL 498
Programmatic Rendering 500
Common Scenarios 501
Rendering through Windows 502
Rendering to the Web 518
Using the ReportViewer Control 526
Embedding a Server-Side Report in a Windows Application 527
SharePoint Web Parts 534
Report Explorer Control 534
ReportViewer Control 535
Summary 535

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Chapter 13: Extending Reporting Services 537
Extension through Interfaces 538
What Is an Interface? 539
Interface Language Differences 539
Data Processing Extensions — a Detailed Look 541
Creating a Custom Data Processing Extension 544
The Scenario 544
Creating and Setting Up the Project 544
Creating the DataSetConnection Object 546
Creating the DataSetParameter Class 555
Implementing IDataParameter 555
Creating the DataSetParameterCollection Class 557
Creating the DataSetCommand Class 559
Creating the DataReader Object 571
Installing the DataSetDataProcessing Extension 575
Testing the DataSetDataExtension 577
Summary 580
Appendix A: 583
Migrating Access Reports
Appendix B: Reporting Services Object Model 589
Public Properties 617
Appendix C: Transact SQL Command Syntax Reference 619
Transact-SQL Commands, Clauses, and Predicates 620
WITH 620
SELECT 620
TOP 621
SELECT INTO 622

FROM 622
WHERE 622
GROUP BY 623
HAVING 623
UNION 623
EXCEPT and INTERSECT 624
ORDER BY 624
CREATE DATABASE 627
Script Comment Conventions 629
Reserved Words 630
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Appendix D: Transact SQL System Variables and Functions 637
System Global variables 637
System Functions 641
Index 653
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Foreword I
Many people have asked me, “How can you be so passionate about reporting when it is so mundane?”
To me, the most exciting thing about reporting is that it is so very common. Like basic transportation,
everybody uses it in some way or another. A report is a piece of art meant to covey a message, but unlike
traditional art, that message changes based on the data driving it. The potential to help, and be used by,
millions of people and companies is one of the reasons I started writing software and eventually joined
Microsoft. No other company can reach out to so many people by making great products accessible.
Reporting is a very broad topic covering areas ranging from packing lists and telephone bills to ad hoc
analysis and Excel spreadsheets. When designing Microsoft SQL Server Reporting Services, I started
with a simple definition for it: an information delivery platform. While this definition is also very broad,
it did allow us to focus on our design, while leaving us significant room to expand in later versions. This

book will help you understand the power of Reporting Services and to fully utilize its capabilities.
Information is not just data; it is data that has been transformed into something meaningful. This trans-
formation is important. Any tool can read and display data; what people really need for doing their jobs
is well-thought-out, correct, and pertinent information. There are many tools that let anyone with access
to data build “views” or “reports.” However, often these users are unfamiliar with all of the nuances of
the data storage and can produce inaccurate results or inadvertently affect the performance of the data
engine. Reporting Services acts as the official source so that there is only one version of the truth that
everyone uses.
In the future, Microsoft plans to take this even further by integrating with Information Rights Management
so that not only does the information come from a single source, but it is also certified, can expire, and is
access-controlled even after it is delivered to the end user. The data does not always exist in one database
or even come from a database. For those of us who have spent careers working with corporate data, this
is a painful truth. Very few reports (or sets of reports that give you sufficient insight) come from a single
source. Building some type of data mart or data warehouse is the best solution, but it is not always possible
due to timing, policy, or budgetary constraints. Reports must be able to retrieve data from any source and
combine them in a single report.
What good is information if you do not have it when you need it? Delivering information is more than
just processing it and making it available; it is providing information when you need it, in any format,
and on any device you have. The common case today is the ubiquitous online access via HTML in a
browser. This is perfect when you have a computer and connectivity to the server. However, as we all
know, nothing is perfect. We need the reports when we are on a plane, in a car, with the customer, at the
game, on the production floor, and so on. This may include your pager, telephone, fax machine, laptop,
paper, and other devices. We also need different capabilities: interactivity, pixel perfect printing, integra-
tion into applications like MS Excel for “what-if” scenarios and additional analysis, universal access via
PDF, and so on. A single format and a single delivery channel is not enough, but how do you know
which ones you will need? Reporting Services insulates you from these choices. All reports may be dis-
tributed in any channel or rendered in any format. Report design is independent of how it will be con-
sumed. It is the responsibility of the system to provide the report as accurately as possible, given the
constraints of the specific format or channel requested.
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Chapter #
Building a platform is very different from building a solution. In fact, the goals are in many cases com-
pletely opposed. A platform is successful if the developers and administrators have complete access to all
aspects of the product. They need to be able to optimize, extend, restrict, embed, and replace parts of the
product to meet their needs. This means that all of the APIs are available and documented, all formats are
open and described, and every component is configurable or replaceable. While there are always restric-
tions due to the many tradeoffs in software design, this was the goal when building Reporting Services.
Very much like Windows, SQL Server, or Visual Studio, Reporting Services is designed to enable develop-
ers to build on a solid foundation and mold it to meet the business needs in significantly less time and with
more functionality, but without losing the flexibility and power of building it themselves.
Looking into the future, there’s an endless list of features and scenarios that Microsoft will add to make
the platform more powerful with little or no additional in-house development required. I have men-
tioned some, and there are many that haven’t even been considered yet.
We look forward to hearing from all of our customers about what is important to them, and how we can
make designing, building, and operating their information delivery systems easier, faster, and (I hope)
more fun.
Jason Carlson
SQL Server Reporting Services Product, Unit Manager, Microsoft
Jason Carlson is the Product Unit Manager for SQL Server Reporting Services. He joined Microsoft in
1996 as a program manager for Visual Source Safe and Repository. In 1997, the Repository team joined
SQL Server and Jason became the development manager for SQL Server Meta Data Services. In 2001,
he built a team and started work on v1 of Reporting Services. Before joining Microsoft, Jason owned
and operated an independent software development company. This company provided consulting and
vertical software solutions for healthcare and telecommunications.
Foreword
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