Mạng máy tính khi kết nối



 

7vLOLXN¯WKXW










9HUVLRQUHY







+ÖQ¯L

.KLQLPYôPQJ



WơQJTXDQYPQJP\WÔQK

.KLQLảPYPQJP\WẵQK
.KLKDLKD\QKLôXP\WảQKầFQLYặLQKDXWKQJEQJFS FKèQJVẽ
GQJFFSKQPôPơJLDRWLđSWKQJWLQ1KéQJQJLVẽGQJPQJFẳWKơFẩQJ
FKLDVĐFFWLQJX\QPQJEDRJắPàDFẹQJ&'520P\LQPRGHP

0QJ/$1
.KLFFP\WảQKầFQLYặLQKDXWURQJPWPQJYFKèQJNKJQ
QKDXYảGQKWURQJFẩQJPWWRQKKD\WUQJKẵFWKPQJP\WảQKẳầF
JẵLOPQJFFEKD\PQJ/$1/RFDO$UHD1HWZRUN



+QK,0KQKPQJ/$1

.KLQLPYôPQJ


0QJ:$1
.KLPQJP\WảQKVẽGQJQKéQJNđWQLYLQWKQJSKPYLOặQKQQẳ
FKRSKâSFFP\WảQKFẳWKơầFW QKéQJYãWUảUÊW[DQKDXYảGQKéQJ
TXFJLDNKFQKDXWKNKLẳWDFẳPQJGLQUQJ:$1:LGH$UHD1HWZRUN



&FWKQKSKĐQFêXWUểFQQPQJ
ơFẳPW FLQKQF WKơYWRQ GLQKQYô PQJP\WảQKWDQJKLQFẹX
KQK,VDX\

+QK,0KQKPQJ:$1
+QK,&FWKQKSKQWURQJPQJP\WảQK

.KLQLPYôPQJ


0WPQJP\WảQKEDRJắPFFWKQKSKQFEQVDX

1HWZRUN $GDSWHU
&DUG PQJO PWWKLđWEãSKLJKâS JLéDP\WảQK Y
FSPQJơJLDRWLđSWKQJWLQầFWURQJPQJWKPLP\WảQKFQ
SKLFẳPWFDUGPQJ

:RUNVWDWLRQ
0W PQJ P\ WảQK QKÊWWKLđWSKL Fẳ PW P\ WảQK F
QKQ KD\ FáQ JẵL O P\ WUP ZRUNVWDWLRQ Fẳ WKơ Vẽ GQJ FF WL
QJX\QFKXQJWUQPQJ

1HWZRUNDGDSWHUFDEOH
7KQJWKQJFFQHWZRUNDGDSWHUầFQLYặL
QKDXELQHWZRUNDGDSWHUFDEOH7X\QKLQYÂQFẳNKQQJFFP\WảQK
ầFQLYặLQKDXEQJYWX\đQ

6HUYHU
0\FKấPWPQJP\WảQKFQFẳPWP\FKấơFẳWKơFKLD
VĐFFWLQJX\QFấDQẳFKRFFP\NKFWURQJPQJ

'LVNILOHV
0WPQJP\WảQKFẳWKơFẳPWàDOặQơFXQJFÊSWL
QJX\Q FKRPQJ7X\QKLQGLVNILOHNKQJ SKLOWKQK SKQEWEXF

ơ[\GềQJPQJ

:RUNVWDWLRQY6HUYHU
0WP\WảQKFẳWKơYẻDầFGẩQJOPP\FKấ
YẻDGẩQJOPP\WUP7ẹFOYẻDFKLD[ĐWLQJX\QYẻDVẽGQJWL
QJX\Q

3ULQWHU
7URQJPWPQJWDFẳWKơGẩQJFKXQJWLQJX\QP\LQFKRWÊW
FFFP\WURQJPQJ 7X\QKLQP\LQNKQJSKLOWKQKSKQEW
EXFFấDPQJ

0RGHP
0RGHPFậQJOPWWLQJX\QFẳWKơGẩQJFKXQJWURQJPQJ


0KãQKPQJ
&FP KQKPQJP\ WảQKầFFF WFKẹFFKXĂQKRQKW FKẹFFKXĂQ
KRTXFWđ,62
,QWHUQDWLRQDO6WDQGDUGL]H2UJDQL]DWLRQ
KD\YLQNếWKXÔWLQ
YLQWẽ,(((
,QVWLWXWHRI(OHFWULFDODQG(OHFWURQLF(QJLQHHUV
DUDầF
ELđWđQQKPWWLXFKXĂQFKRYLFWKLđWNđPQJP\WảQK



.KLQLPYôPQJ

0KãQKFKXăQ26,
1PWFKẹFFKXĂQKR,62 DUDPWPKQKFKXĂQYôNđWQL
P26,
2SHQ6\VWHPV,QWHUFRQQHFWLRQUHIHUHQFHPRGHO
0KQK26,VẽGQJ
PKQKOặSơPWTXWUQKWUDRLGáQJGéOLX



-
3K\VLFDO/D\HU
OặSYÔWOệKD\OặSLôXNKLơQVềWUX\ôQWLFFEảWGéOLX
WUQSKQJWLQWUX\ôQGÂQWURQJPQJQKFSWUX\ôQGÂQVẳQJLQWẻ
-
'DWDOLQN/D\HU
OặSOLQNđWGéOLXKD\OặSQẳFKX\ơQWLFFNKXQJ
IUDPHGéOLXOÊ\WẻOặSPQJYRFFSKQJWLQWUX\ôQGÂQYÔWOệ&ẳ
QKLPYFXQJFÊSPWWX\đQWUX\ôQGÂQNKQJOLFKRFFNKXQJGéOLX
QKÔQầFWẻOặSPQJ1HWZRUN/D\HUJLéDFFP\WảQKWURQJPQJWKQJ
TXDOặSYÔWOệ
.KXQJWUX\ôQGÂQQKÔQầFWẻOặSPQJFẳGQJQKVDX



+QK,0KQKOặS26,
+QK,&ÊXWUèFFấDPWNKXQJWUX\ôQGÂQ

.KLQLPYôPQJ

'HVWLQDWLRQ,'
VQKÔQGQJGX\QKÊWFKRP\WUP VăQKÔQNKXQJ
GéOLXQ\
6HQGHU,'
VQKÔQGQJGX\QKÊWFKRP\WUPJẽLNKXQJGéOLX
Q\
&RQWURO
WUQJQ\ầFGẩQJơ[FãQKORLNKXQJWKQJWLQãQK
WX\đQYSKQRQ
'DWD
'éOLXFQWUX\ôQ
&5&
WUQJNLơPWUDOLQẳPERGéOLXQKÔQầFOWLQFÔ\

1HWZRUN/D\HU/ặSPQJKD\OặSFẳQKLPYJQ ãDFK FKRFFEQWLQ
YFKX\ơQLãDFKORJLFKD\FFWQWKQKFFãDFKYÔWOệ/ặSQ\FKUD
Gé OLX WẻQJXắQ WặLảFK Vă L WKHRWX\đQ QRWUQ F VFF LôX NLQFấD
PQJXWLQGãFKYYFFQKQWNKF
7UDQVSRUW/D\HU/ặSWUX\ôQWLKD\OặSPERUQJFFEQWLQONKQJ
FẳOLNKQJEãOSYèQJWKẹWề1ẳFẳQKLPYẳQJJẳLFFEQWLQSKQ
WFKFFEQWLQGLWKQKFFEQWLQQJQYWKầSFFEQWLQQJQơFXQJ
FÊSVềWUX\ôQGÂQKLXTXWURQJPQJ
6HFWLRQ/D\HUOặSSKLQKD\OặSFKRSKâS FFẹQJGQJWUQFFP\WảQK
NKFQKDXFẳWKơWKLđWOÔSGX\WUKXễENđWQLKD\FáQJẵLOSKLQOPYLF
/ặSQ\FẳQKLPYQKÔQGQJWQYWKấWFFQWKLđWFậQJQKOFFWFY
ERPÔWơKDLẹQJGQJFẳWKơJLDRWLđSYặLQKDXWUQPQJ
3UHVHQWDWLRQ/D\HUOặSWUQKE\KD\OặS[FãQKGQJầFGẩQJơWUDR
LGéOLXJLéDFFP\WảQKWURQJPQJ

OặSQ\FẳPWWUQKWLQảFKJẵLO
WLãQKKặQJUHGLUHFWRUKRWQJFẳWFGQJãQKKặQJOLFFKRW
QJYRUDWặLFFWLQJX\QEQQJRLFấDP\WảQKẳ
$SSOLFDWLRQ/D\HUOặSẹQJGQJKD\OặSFXQJFÊSFFWUQKẹQJGQJơWUX\
QKÔSYRGãFKYPQJ
7URQJPKQK26,WKFKẹFQQJFấDPLOặSOFXQJFÊSGãFKYFKROặS
FDRKQYFKHGÊXLTXWUQK[ẽOệFFOặSWKÊSKQ

.KLQLPYôPQJ



0ẩLTXDQKảJLìDFFOSWURQJPKãQK26,
0LPWOặSầFWKLđWOÔSWKHRFFKPGQJQKQẳFKJLDRWLđSWKQJ
WLQYặLOặSFẩQJPẹFYặLQẳP\WảQKNKFLôXQ\JẵLOWKQJWLQORJLFWKHR
SKQOặSFẩQJFÊS


7KềFWđVềJLDRWLđSWKQJWLQ[\UDJLéDFFOặSOLôQNôQKDXWURQJPW
P\WảQKFKFẳ OặSWKÊS QKÊWWURQJP KQKPQJ OFẳWKơFKX\ơQWKQJWLQFấD
QẳWUềFWLđSđQOặSFẩQJPẹFYặLQẳP\WảQKNKF
'é OLX WẻP\ JẽL VăL TXD WÊWF FF OặSWKÊS KQ UắLWUX\ôQTXD FS
PQJWặLP\QKÔQFKX\ơQOQFFOặSFDRKQđQNKLWặLầFOặSFẩQJPẹFYặL
EQJẽL

4XWUãQKFKX\QGìOLảXTXDFFOSFẹDPKãQK26,
.KLGéOLXFKX\ơQTXDFFOặSPLOặSVăJQWKPFFWKQJWLQULQJFấD
OặSẳYRNKLGéOLX&FWKQJWLQQ\FẳWKơOSKQPR XKHDGHUKD\
JắPFSKQNđWFXLWUDLOHUFKèQJVăầF[ẽOệWLFFOặSWQJẹQJEQ
QKÔQ /ặS YÔW OệWKP SKQ PR X

IUDPH SUHDPEOH
Y SKQ NđWFXL
IUDPH
+QK,4XWUQKWUX\ôQGéOLXTXDPKQK26,

.KLQLPYôPQJ


SRVWDPEOH
Y R NKXQJGé OLXQKQJ QẳNKQJ WKPJ YR NKLGé OLX EQ
WURQJFấDNKXQJ
ơWKÊ\UằKQWD[HP[âWKQKYăVDX



0KãQK,(((
,(((DUDPWPKQKPQJNKFPKQK,((([FãQKFFWLX
FKXĂQFKROặSYÔWOệYOặSOLQNđWGéOLXWURQJPKQK26,FấDPQJ/$1
&KXĂQFKLDOặSOLQNđWGéOLXWKQKOặSFRQOặSFRQLôXNKLơQNđWQL
OJLF //&
/RJLFDO /LQN &RQWURO
Y OặS FRQ LôX NKLơQ WUX\ FÔS SKQJ WLQ
0$&
0HGLD$FFHVV&RQWURO

//&
/ặSFRQ TXQOệFFWKQJWLQ PẹFOLQ NđWGéOLXYãQK UDFF
LơP JLDR GLQ ORJLF P FF P\ WảQK NKF FẳWKơ Vẽ GQJ ơ WUX\ôQ
WKQJWLQYơWUX\ôQ WKQJWLQWẻ OặS//&WặL FFOặSFDR KQWURQJP
KQK26,

0$&
FẳQKLPYFKLD[ĐTX\ôQWUX\QKÔSJLéDFFDGDSWHUYPẹFYÔW
Oệ /ặS0$&FKãXWUFKQKLPWUX\ôQWLGéOLXNKQJOLJLéDFFP\
WảQKWURQJPQJ

+QK,6ềLôQWKPFFWKQJWLQFấDWẻQJOặSYRGéOLXầFWUX\ôQ

.KLQLPYôPQJ




FWÔQKYWOFảDPQJODQ
&KQJQ\WUQKE\PWVFWảQKYÔWOệFKXQJFấDPQJ/$1QKO
FSFQJQJKWUX\ôQGÂQNLđQWUèFYÔWOệFấDPQJ

&SPQJ
&ẳEDORLSKQJWLQWUX\ôQKD\ầFGẩQJWURQJPQJOFS[RQFS
ắQJWUFYFSTXDQJ

ƯFWẵQKFẹDFS
FWảQKFấDFSEDRJắPVềQK\FPYặLQKLXFấDLQPôPGĐRNK
QQJXQ QQơOS W FềO\WUX\ôQ GéOLXWFWUX\ôQ0ELWV+LQQD\WF
WUX\ôQGéOLXWUQFFORLFSELđQQJWẻ0EVđQ0EVYKQQéD
0WNđWQLQLYRFSWKQJầFJẵLOPWUăPFK.đWQLYR
PQJWKQJầFJẵLONđWQLUăPFK.LơXFấDFSVăOPFKRYLFNđWQLYR
PQJNKẳKD\G

.KLQLPYôPQJ


&S[RQ
&S[RQJắPKDLVầLG\ắQJầF[RQFFKLQYặLQKDX1KLôXL
G\FS[RQJSYặLQKDXYầFEẵFFKXQJELYFSKQKWKQKFSQKLôXVầL
&S Q\Fẳ FWảQK GEã QKKQJFấD QKLX LQ QQFKWUX\ôQ GéOLX FềO\
NKRQJPNKRQJIHHW



&SQJWUễF
&SắQJ WUFEDRJắP PWVầLG\ GÂQJLéDEQQJRLEẵFPWOặSFFK
LQ UắLđQPW OặSOặLNLP ORL WÊWFầF WWURQJPW OặSYEẵF FFKLQ
&ẳKDL ORLFSắQJ WUFSKELđQ QKÊWGẩQJWURQJPQJJẵLOFSG\WKLFNQHW
YFSPQJWKLQQHW
&SắQJWUFFẳFWảQKảWEãQKKQJFấDQKLXYVềVX\KDRWảQKLX
FKRQQQẳFXQJFÊSPWQJWUX\ôQGLYWWKQFSắQJWUF


+LQK,,&S[RQ
+LQK,,&SắQJWUF

.KLQLPYôPQJ



&STXDQJ
.KLFF WảQKLXV ầFLôXFKđ WKQKFFWảQKLX[XQJQKVQJWKầF

WUX\ôQWLTXDFSTXDQJ&STXDQJEDRJắPPWVầLWKXễWLQKUÊWPQKJẵLOOằL
FRUHEẵFEQQJRLOPWOặSYWKXễWLQKắQJWPJẵLOOặSSKấFODGGLQJ
7URQJPWVầLFSWKQJFẳKDLVầLTXDQJPWFKRKặQJSKWPWFKRKặQJ
WKX
&S TXDQJ Fẳ F WảQK O NKQJ Eã QK KQJ FấD QKLX LQ Y Fẳ WKơ
WUX\ôQGÂQWFUÊWFDRKQJ0EV



&QJQJKảWUX\QGâQWURQJPQJ

7UX\QGâQEQJFVậEDVHEDQG
&ẳK DLSKQJWKẹFơWUX\ôQGÂQWảQKLXPKRWUQFSẳOWUX\ôQ
GÂQEQJFVYWUX\ôQGÂQEQJUQJKWKQJEQJFVVẽGQJWảQKLXV
WUQPWQWQV&FWảQKLXầFWUX\ôQLGặLGQJFF[XQJLQKD\[XQJ
QK VQJUL UF.KL WảQKLXWUX\ôQLWUQ FSPQJQẳ GQ GQEãVX\ \đXYEã
PâRGQJ
-
7LWROLWảQKLX
7URQJKWKQJEQJFVWKơFẳWKơWQJGLWKềFWđFấDFSQJLWD
VẽGQJ FFEOS UHSHDWHU % Q\QKÔQWảQ KLXYSKW OLWảQKLX ẳYặLPẹF
+LQK,,&STXDQJ

.KLQLPYôPQJ


YKQKGQJQKFậ7DFẳWKơWKÊ\YãWUảFấD5HSHDWHUWURQJPQJQKKQK
VDX

7UX\QGâQEQJUẫQJEURDGEDQG
7UX\ôQGÂQEQJUQJVẽ GQJ FFWảQKLX WQJWềYPWGLWQVGRẳ
WảQKLXầFWUX\ôQGÂQWURQJFFSKQJWLQYÔWOệGặLGQJVẳQJLQWẻY
VẳQJQKVQJOKRQWRQOLQWF
-
7LWROLWảQKLX
.KF YặL WUX\ôQ GÂQ EQJ F V WUX\ôQ GÂQ EQJ UQJ Vẽ GQJ FF E
NKXđFK LơWLWROLWảQKLXWQJWề'RWURQJWUX\ôQGÂQEQJUQJWKFF
OXắQJWảQKLXOQKặQJQQFQSKLFẳKDLOXắQJWảQKLXPWFKRKặQJ
SKWYPWFKRKặQJWKXơWKềFKLQLôXQ\WDFẳKDLSKQJSKSFKXQJ
&KLDLUQJEQJWQWKQKKDLNQKPWFKRSKWYPWFKRWKX
6ẽGQJKDLVầLFSPWFKRKặQJSKWYPWFKRKặQJWKX

+LQK,,9ãWUảFấD5HSHDWHUWURQJPQJ

.KLQLPYôPQJ



7RSRORJ\PQJ/$1
&ẳGQJWRSRPQJSKELđQO
%86
VDRVWDUYYáQJULQJ
'QJ%86
GQJQ\PLP\WảQKầFQLYRPWRQFSJẵLOVHJPHQWWLPL
XFSFẳPWWHUPLQDWRU1KầFLơPFấDGQJQ\ONKLPWNđWQLWặLPW
P\WUPEãPÊWKD\FSPQJEãẹWWKWRQEFFNđWQLWURQJVHJPHQWẳ
FậQJPÊWWKHR

-
0QJ%86QK/2&$/%86
0WWURQJQKéQJORLNLđQWUèFGQJ%86OGQJ
/2&$/%86
\PL
P\WUPầFNđWQLYặLFSELPWXQLFKé7YWLKDLXFXLFấDFS
WKFẳKDLWHUPLQDWRUJQYRKDLXQLFKé7



-
0QJ%86WKQJWKQJ5HJXODU%86
0LP\ WảQKWURQJPQJ Q\ầFQLYặLWUFFSFKảQKELPWRQFS
QKYPWESKWSQJRLH[WHUQDOWUDQFHLYHU
+LQK,,0KQKPQJ/RFDO%XV

.KLQLPYôPQJ




'QJVDR6WDU
9ặLFÊXKQKQ\PLPWP\WUPầFN đWQLđQPWFL+8%+8%
FXQJFÊSPWGQJNđWQLFKXQJFKRSKâSWÊWFFFP\WảQKWURQJPQJFẳWKơ
JLDRWLđSầFYặLQKDX'RYÔ\YặLFÊXKQKQ\WDFẳWKơWÔSWUXQJầFYLF
TXQOệPQJWX\QKLQQđX+8%EãKQJWKWRQEPQJQJẻQJKRWQJ
0QJ6WDUVẽGQJVềSKQFKLDWảQKLXWURQJ+8%ơDFFWảQKLXUD
FFQJFSNKFQKDX&ẳKDLORL+8%FẳWKơVẽGQJWURQJPQJO+8%FKấ
QJ
DFWLYH+8%

Y+8% EãQJ
SDVVLYH+8%
+8%FKấQJDUDFFWảQ
KLXPQKKQGRẳFKRSKâSRQFSGLKQ



+LQK,,0KQKPQJ%86
+QK,,0KQKPQJ6WDU

.KLQLPYôPQJ



'QJYQJULQJ
9ặLNLđQWUèFQ\FFP\ WUPầF WWURQJ PWYáQJPQJNảQơFKR
FFWUP FẳWKơJẽL GéOLXWK PWWKĐEL ầFOXQFKX\ơQ WURQJ YáQJ PLWUP
SKLầLFKRđQNKLWKĐELULơWUX\ôQGéOLX
FLơPFấDPQJQ\ ONKLFSEãKQJWKFKFẳPWVOầQJQKP\
WảQKNKQJầFNđWQLYRPQJ1JRLUDWDFẳWKơWKPPWWUPPặLYRYáQJ
PWFFKGGQJPNKQJEãQKKQJQKLôXđQPQJ


+QK,,0KQKPQJYáQJ5LQJ

.KLQLPYôPQJ


&F.LQWUáFPQJ/DQWKQJGạQJ
.LđQWUèFPWPQJFFEEDRJắPWRQEFFFQJYLFKQKWKQKPW

PQJ/$1QKOSKQJWKẹFWUX\FÔSQJWUX\ôQYFFWKQKSKQYÔWOệ
&KQJQ\WUQKE\YôSKQJWKẹFLôXNKLơQWUX\QKÔSQJWUX\ôQYFF
\X FX FQ WKLđW ơ WULơQ NKDL EDGQJ NLđQ WUèF FấD PQJ /$1 O (WKHUQHW
7RNHQULQJ$UFQHW
LôXNKLơQWUX\QKÔSSKQJWLQ0$&OFFKLôXNKLơQVềWFQJOQ
QJWUX\ôQFSPQJ.KLPWNKXQJGéOLXầFKQKWKQKWKQẳVăầFJẽL
WẻQJELWPWWặLEQQKÔQ9ảGNKLELWXWLQFấDNKXQJGéOLXOELWWKQẳVă
NảFKWKảFKPW[XQJOQFSWURQJNKRQJWKLJLDQPWELWYEQWKXQKÔQầF
ELWẳJKLOL4XWUQKFẹWLđSWFQKYÔ\FKRđQNKLWÊWFFFELWFấDNKXQJ
GéOLXầFJẽLKđW
&F[XQJWảQKLXFẳWKơO[XQJLQSLYặLFS[RQYFSắQJWUF
KD\[XQJQKVQJYặLFSTXDQJ %LWSKLầF SKQWFKPWFFKUằ UQJYặL
ELWQđXFẳVềFKắQJFKâRFFELWWảQKLXVăGÂQđQGéOLXEãVDLGRẳFQSKL
FẳPWSKQJWKẹFFKLDVĐVềWUX\FÔSFSơWUQKQKéQJ[XQJWWUQ&ẳKDL
SKQJSKSWKQJGẩQJO&60$&'
&DUULHU
r
6HQVH0XOWLSOH$FFHVVZLWK
&ROOLVLRQ'HWHFWLRQ
YFKX\ơQWKĐELWRNHQSDVVLQJ

LXNKLQWUX\QKôSấQJWUX\Q
3KQJWKỉF&60$&'
9ặLSKQJWKẹFQ\FFWUPOPYLFVă[HP[âWoOQJQJKHpWUQJWKL
FấDFSơWKềFKLQYLFWUX\ôQGéOLX1đXQẳ[FãQKDQJFẳ WUPWUX\ôQ Gé
OLXWUQFSWKQẳVăầL.KLNKQJFẳWUPQRWUX\ôQQéDWKQẳVăWKềFKLQ
YLFJẽLGéOLX

.KLQLPYôPQJ

ơWKềFKLQYLFQKÔQGéOLXWKWÊWFFFWUPôX[HP[âWãDFKảFK
FấDFFNKXQJGéOLXWUQPQJQđXẳOãDFKFấDQẳWKQẳVă[ẽOệNKXQJGé
OLXFáQQJầFOLWKQẳETXD



-
3KWKLQ[XQJW
.KLKDLWUPôXSKWKLQWKÊ\QJULYFẩQJWUX\ôQGéOLXPWOèFWK
NKLẳ[\UDVề[XQJWGéOLX ơKQFKđKLQWầQJQ\ PLWUPVăãQKUD
+QK,,,3KQJWKẹF&60$
+QK,,,0KQKQKÔQNKXQJGéOLX

.KLQLPYôPQJ


PWWKLNKRQJQJÂXQKLQơNLơPWUDQJWUX\ôQ1đXQJWUX\ôQULWKQẳ
VăWKềFKLQYLFWUX\ôQGéOLX



3KQJWKỉFWKđEL
LYặLPQJFẳFÊXWUèFWRSRGQJYáQJULQJWK SKQJWKẹFUÊWKD\ầF
GẩQJOWKĐELWRNHQSDVVLQJ
7UPJẽLGéOLXVăLôQYRWKĐQKéQJGéOLXFQJẽLãDFKFấDQẳYãD
FKWUP QKÔQ6DXẳWKĐVăầFWUX\ôQTXDWÊWFFFWUPWUQYáQJGRẳWUP
QRFậQJFẳWKơNLơPWUDầFãDFKảFKFấDWKĐ7KĐFẹGãFKFKX\ơQWURQJYáQJ

FKRđQNKLQẳđQầFảFK


+QK,,,6ềSKWKLQ[XQJWGéOLXNKLWUX\ôQ
+QK,,,0KQKVềOXQFKX\ơQWKĐWURQJYáQJ

.KLQLPYôPQJ



.KLWUPWKXJKLOLGéOLXQẳJẽLWKĐELWUOLWUPSKWơ[FQKÔQ
UQJGéOLXầFJKLOL6DXẳWUPSKWFKX\ơQWKĐFKRWUPWLđSWKHRơ
WUPQ\FẳWKơJẽLGéOLXFấDQẳ

.LàQWUểFFKXQJFẹDPQJ/$1
1KWUQQẳLNLđQWUèFPWPQJ/$1EDRJắPSKQJWKẹFWUX\FÔS
QJWUX\ôQYFFWKQKSKQYÔWOệWRQQPQJ

0QJ(WKHUQHW
0QJ (WKHUQHW GềD WKHR FKXĂQ ,((( FấD ;HUR[ 'LJLWDO(TXLPHQW
&RUSRUDWLRQ Y ,QWHO &ẳ ED GQJ (WKHUQHW WKQJ GẩQJ O
(WKHUQHW 7KLQQHW
%DVH(WKHUQHW7KLFNQHW%DVHY(WKHUQHW7ZLVWHG3DLU%DVH7
-
7KLQQHW%DVH
7QQ\FấDPQJ[XÊWSKWWẻYLFVẽGQJFSắQJ
WUFQKơWUX\ôQGéOLXYặLWF0EVYặLFềO\NKRQJP7RSR
FấD PQJQ\WKQJ GẩQJ WRSRGQJ
/RFDO%XV
&SGẩQJFKRPQJ NKUĐ

GOS WYWKLđW OÔSFÊXKQK' RYÔ\PQJQ\UÊWWKảFKKầSFKRYLFFXQJ
FÊSPWPQJQKWRQEPQJFKWURQJPWSKáQJ

-
7KLFNQHW%DVH
0QJ Q\ FKR WD WKÊ\FFFWảQKFKấ\đXFấDPW
PQJ(WKHUQHWQẳEDRJắPWFWUX\ôQGÂQ0EVWUX\ôQGÂQEQJFV
YGLFKRPLVHJPHQWOP7RSRFấDPQJOGQJ
%XV
QẳFXQJFÊS
PWPQJUQJYảGWÊWFFFSKáQJWURQJPWWRQK

-
7ZLVWHG3DLU%DVH7
&F WUP OPYLF WURQJPQJQ\ VẽGQJ FS
[RQNKQJEẵF
XQVKLHOGHGWZLVWHGSDLU
ơQLYặLQKDXWRWKQKPQJ
(WKHUQHW /$1 3KQ OặQ PQJ ầF FÊX WUèF WKHR P KQK GQJ VDR 6WDU
QKQJQKQFKXQJWKQẳYÂQOFÊXWUèF%86


.KLQLPYôPQJ



0QJYQJWKđEL7RNHQULQJ
0QJ Q\GềD WKHR FKXĂQ,((( r PWWLX FKXĂQFKR PQJ/$1
GQJYáQJ7RNHQULQJầFSKQELWYặLFFPQJNKFELSKQJWKẹFWUX\FÔS
WKĐELFKẹNKQJSKLVềEWUảYÔWOệFấDFS

7FWUX\ôQGÂQWURQJPQJFẳWKơOKD\0EVWXểWKXFYRFS
PQJ&FP\WảQKWURQJPQJầFÊXQLWặLEWÔSWUXQJXG\ELFS
[RQFẳEẵFKRFNKQJEẵF9ặLFSFẳEẵFWKFềO\WẻP\WUPWặLEWÔSWUXQJ
NKRQJPYOPLYặLFSNKQJFẳEẵF

0QJ$UFQHW
0QJ$UFQHW
$WWDFKHG5HVRXUFH&RPSXWHU1HWZRUN
FẳFFFWảQKJQ
JLQJYặL FKXĂQ,((( &KXĂQ,((( ầF [FãQK FKR PQJ %86
GẩQJWKĐELVẽGQJFSEQJUQJ7X\QKLQPQJ$UFQHWOLOPWPQJEQJ
F VY FẳWKơFẳWRSRGQJVDRKD\EXV ;\GềQJ PQJ Q\NKG GQJYWQ
ảWFKLSKả WDFẳWKơVẽGQJFSắQJWUF+8%FKấQJY+8%EãQJ&ềO\
WẻPWP\WUPWặL+8%FẳWKơWẻPWặLPWXểWKHRORLFSYORL+8%
ầFVẽGQJ
ơFẳầFVềVRVQKJLéDFFPQJWD[HP[âWEQJVDX

(WKHUQHW

(WKHUQHW

(WKHUQHW

7RNHQULQJ $UFQHW
7RSRORJ\ /RFDO%XV %XV %XVVWDU 5LQJVWDU '\FFVWDU
3KQJWKẹF
WUX\FÔS
QJWUX\ôQ

&60$&' &60$&' &60$&' 7KĐEL 7KĐEL

/RLFS &SắQJ
WUF5*
7KLFNQHWFS
FẳEẵFp
&SNKQJ
EẵF
&SNKQJ
EẵFFẳEẵF
&SắQJWUF
5*5*
&ềO\[D
QKÊWFấDFS
7ẻP
WXểWKHRFS
7XểWKHRFS
VẽGQJ


.KLQLPYôPQJ


&DUGPQJ
&DUG PQJ FáQ ầFJẵL O FDUG JLDR WLđSPQJ 1,& 1HWZRUN,QWHUIDFH
&DUGầFOSWWURQJPLP\WảQKWURQJPQJFFE&DUGQ\FẳQKLPY
FKX\ơQ Gé OLX Wẻ P\ WảQK YR FS PQJ Y QJầF OL LôX Q\ FKảQK O Về
FKX\ơQLWẻWảQKLXVFấDP\WảQKWKQKFFWảQK LXLQKD\TXDQJầF
WUX\ôQGÂQWUQFSPQJắQJWKLQẳFậQJWKềFKLQFKẹFQQJWKầSGéOLX
WKQKFFJẳLY[FãQKQJXắQYảFKFấDJẳL
&KQJQ\JLặLWKLXYôFDUGPQJFậQJQKFFORLXQLYặLFFORL
FSNKFQKDXYVềWKLđWOÔSFFWKQJVFÊXKQKFKRFDUGPQJ

&FORLĐXQẩLFKRFDUGPQJ
0W YL ORL FDUG PQJFẳ QKLôX X QL FKR FRQQQHFWRUơ QL YặLFS
PQJ ơ[FãQKXQRGẩQJWDFẳWKơWKD\LFFMXPSKD\FQJWFFKX\ơQ
',3
'XDOO,QH3DFNDJH
QJD\WUQFDUGPQJKRFVẽGQJSKPPôP
-
0QJWKLQ(WKHUQHWVẽGQJFFXQLFSắQJWUF%1&



-
0QJWKLFNQHWGẩQJJLFQL$8,FKQơFPYRX'%FấDFDUG
PQJ



+QK,9'QJXQL%1&
+QK,9'QJXQL$8,

.KLQLPYôPQJ


-
0QJ(WKHUQHWWZLVWHGSDLU%DVH7VẽGQJXQL5-



/DFKQFêXKãQKFKRFDUGPQJ
9ặL PL ORLFDUG PQJôX FẳED WKQJVFQ ầFWKLđWOÔS PWFFK

FKảQK[FơFKRFDUGFẳWKơKRWQJầFẳOQJW,54,QWHUUXSWHGUHTXHVW
OLQHãDFKJFFấDFQJ,2YãDFKJFFấDEQKặ
<XFĐXQJW,54
.KLFDUGPQJJẽLPW\XFXFKRP\WảQKQẳVẽGQJPWQJWrPWWảQ
KLXLQJẽLFKRE[ẽOệWUXQJWPFấDP\WảQK0LPWWKQKSKQWURQJP\
WảQKSKLVẽGQJPWQJWULQJWKQJWKFFQJWKRFầFVẽGQJFKR
FDUGPQJQđX,54FKDầFVẽGQJWKQẳKD\ầFJQFKRFDUGPQJKQ
O,54'ặL\OPWVQJWWKQJWKQJ
,54 0\WảQKKRFFDRKQ
7KLJLDQKWKQJ
%QSKảP
&DUGPQKQK(*$9*$
&KDVẽGQJ
&QJ&20&20
&KDVẽGQJ
LôXNKLơQàDPôP
&QJ/37
ắQJKắWKềF
&KDVẽGQJ
&KDVẽGQJ
0RXVH36
ắQJ[ẽOệWRQKẵF
LôXNKLơQàDFẹQJ
&KDVẽGQJ
+QK,9'QJXQL$8,

.KLQLPYôPQJ

-
&QJYRUDFV
&QJQ\[FãQKPWNQKWKQJWLQWUX\ôQGéOLXJLéDPWSKQFẹQJ
WURQJP\ WảQKYE YL[ẽOệFấDP\0LPWSKQFẹQJSKLFẳPWFKVFấD
FQJ
SRUW QXPEHU
NKFQKDXSRUW Q\LYặL QJLVẽGQJ QK OPWãD FK
GặLGQJVKH[YảGQK)OFFSRUWWKQJJQFKRFDUGPQJ
'ặL\OEQJPWVFFSRUWTXDQWUẵQJ



-
ãDFKEQKặFV
ãDFKQ\FKUDWURQJEQKặ5$0YãWUảFấDEQKặầFGẩQJOPE
PFKR FDUGPQJơ JKLFFNKXQJ GéOLXYR YUDNKLFDUGPQJ6ềãQKYã
Q\FKảQKO[FãQKãDFKXWLQFấDEPWURQJEQKặ5$07DSKL
FKẵQãDFKQRP FKDầF VẽGQJEL WKLđWEã NKFWKQJ WK'OãD
FKGQKFKRFDUGPQJ

.KLQLPYôPQJ


7UX\QWLYệJLDRWKẵFPQJ
&KQJQ\WUQKE\Yô FFWKQK SKQPôPầF VẽGQJ ơFKXĂQEãGé
OLXFKRFDUGPQJYơQKÔQGéOLXWẻFDUGPQJ0WWKQKSKQWURQJẳO
SKQLôX NKLơQ WUX\QKÔS QJWUX\ôQ0$&SKQ FáQOLOLôXNKLơQJLDR
WKẹF

LXNKLQWUX\QKôSấQJWUX\Q

,(((SKQFK LDO ặSWKẹOặSGD WDOLQNWUR QJPKQK26,WKQKKDLSKQ
OặSO0$&Y//&7UQKLôXNKLơQ0$&ầFWSKQOặS0$&QẳFXQJ
FÊSWUX\QKÔSWặLESKLJKâSPQJEQJFFKKWUầVềWUX\ôQGéOLXYPWYL
FKẹFQQJTXQOệSKLJKâSFEQ1KéQJWUQKLôXNKLơQQ\FậQJWKềF K LQ
YLFWUX\ôQGéOLXWẻOặSYÔWOệOQOặSPQJ

7UãQKLXNKLQJLDRWKỉF
3URWRFROKD\JLDRWKẹFOPWWÔSKầSFFWKấWFFQWKLđWơFKRFFWUP
OPYLFFẳWKơJLDRWLđSầFYặLQKDX7URQJPWPQJWKFFWUPOPYLF
SKLFẩQJVẽGQJPWJLDRWKẹFJLQJQKDX&FWUQKLôXNKLơQJLDRWKẹFFẳ
QKLPYẳQJJẳLYãQKWX\đQGéOLXFậQJQKFFEQWLQFấDOặSPQJYOặS
WUX\ôQWL
-
1KLPYFấDWUQKLôXNKLơQJLDRWKẹF
7UQKLôXNKLơQJLDRWKẹFFXQJFÊSKRFGãFKYFEQFKRFFOặS
NKFWURQJPQJắQJWKLQẳĂQLYLFFFGãFKYầF[ẽOệPWFFKWKềFWđ
QKWKđQR&FGãFKYPWUQKLôXNKLơQDUDOTXQOệPWSKLQOPYLF
WR NKLGé OLXSKQ RQYVSWKẹWềGé OLX[FQKÔQY FẳWKơWKPGãFKY
ãQKWX\đQTXDPWPQJGLQUQJ:$1
-
4XQOệSKLQOPYLFVHVVLRQPDQDJHPHQW
0W SKLQ OP YLFWQJ WềQK PW FXF JẵL LQWKRL 9LFTXQ Oệ
SKLQOPYLFEDRJắPWKLđWOÔSGX\WUKXễENđWQLJLéDFFWUPOPYLF
WURQJPQJ7UQKLôXNKLơQJLDRWKẹFFấDWUPPXQWUX\ôQGéOLXNKLWRVề
WKLđWOÔSNđWQL

.KLQLPYôPQJ


.KLPWWUPPXQWKLđWOÔSPWNđWQLWKQẳ JẽLPW EQWLQ\X FXNđW

QLWặLWUPNLD7UPQ\VăNLơPWUD[HPQẳFẳấWLQJX\QơFKÊSQKÔQNđW
QLẳNKQJ1đXầFQẳVăJẽLPWVQKÔQGQJGX\QKÊWFKRWUPNLDơWUP
Q\VẽGQJNKLWUX\ôQGéOLXTXDNđWQLPặLWKLđWOÔSQ\



-
7RNKLGéOLX'DWDJUDP6HUYLFHV
'ãFKYQ\OPWGãFKYEQWLQFEQNKQJSKLQKPWGãFKYKRQ
FKQKGRWUQKTXQOệSKLQFXQJFÊSPQẳOGãFKYSKLNđWQLWQJWềQK
YLFJẽLPWEẹFWK*LéDWUPJẽLYQKÔQNKQJFẳPWOLQKQRWUặFNKL
EQWLQầFJẽL
'RNKQJFẳTXWUQKJẽL[FQKÔQ$&.QQFFNKLGéOLXNKQJầF
PERFKFFKQOVăKRFđQQLQKÔQKD\FKD0WNKLGéOLXFẳWKơ
ầFãQKãDFKđQPWWUP[FãQKQKQJWDFậQJFẳWKơJẽLGéOLXẳWặL
QKLôXWUPFẩQJPWOèF


+QK9FLơPFấDTXQOệSKLQ
+QK9FLơPFấDYLFWRNKLGéOLX