Programming language (Types of highlevel language)

Types of high-level
language


Contents
1. Procedural Language
2. Non-procedural Language
3. Object-oriented Language


1. Procedural Language
1.1. What is procedural language?
A procedural language is a type of
computer programming language that
specifies a series of well-structured
steps and procedures within its
programming context to compose a
program.


1. Procedural Language
1.1. What is procedural language?
Main Program

Function 1
Function 2
Function 3

Function 4
Function 5

1. Procedural Language
1.2. Examples


1. Procedural Language
1.3. Advantages
• The ability to re-use the same code at different places
in the program without copying it.
• An easier way to keep track of program flow.
• The ability to be strongly modular or structured.
• Needs only less memory.


1. Procedural Language
1.4. Disadvantages
• Data is exposed to whole program -> No security for data
• Difficult to relate with real world objects.
• Difficult to create new data types -> Less extensibility
• Importance is given to the operation on data rather than the
data.


2. Non-procedural Language
2.1. What is non-procedural language?
Non-procedural language, also known
as application language or functional
language, deals with developing
functions from other functions to build
more complex functions

2. Non-procedural Language
2.1. What is non-procedural language?


1. Non-procedural Language
1.2. Examples


2. Non-procedural Language
2.3. Advantages
• Easy to write large program
• Easy to understand.
• The execution time is very fast.


2. Non-procedural Language
2.4. Disadvantages
• It is not very flexible.
• For the large program, the code will
become very complex
• The syntax of this language is not
very easy.


3. Object-Oriented Language
3.1. What is Object-Oriented Language?
Object-Oriented Language is a
programing language in which

programs are written and structured
around objects rather than functions or
logic.


3. Object-Oriented Language

Methods

3.1. What is Object-Oriented Language?
Object

Object

Data

Data

Function
Function

Function
Function


3. Object-Oriented Language
3.2. Examples


3. Object-Oriented Language

3.3. Advantages
• A real-world idea can be demonstrated
• Programs are easier to test and
maintain.
• Faster development of code
• OOP provides greater security due to
data abstraction.


3. Object-Oriented Language
3.4. Disadvantages
• Designing a program with an OOP concept can be tricky.
• A programmer needs to plan beforehand for developing a
program
• The size of programs developed with OOP is bigger than
procedural approach.
• The execution time for these programs is also more.


Introduction to
some high-level
laguages


4.1
C
Programming
language

C Language
- Developed by Bell Laboratories
in the early 1970s.
- C is a procedural programming
language
- Often used for system programs.
- Unix is written in C.

2
0


How does C programming language work?


How does C programming
language work?
▹ C is a compiled language. A compiler is
a special tool that compiles the program
and converts it into the object file which
is machine readable.
▹ After the compilation process, the linker
will combine different object files and
creates a single executable file to run
the program.

2
2

Example of C


Key Applications
▹
▹
▹
▹
▹
▹

‘C’ language is widely used in
embedded systems.
Developing system applications.
Developing desktop applications.
Used for developing browsers and their
extensions.
Used to develop databases.
Used in IOT applications.

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4


Advantages of C
• The code written in C language is Simple to write and
understand.
• The execution time is super-fast compared to other
programming languages.
• It is convenient to develop an application that falls in the

high.
• C is an excellent choice for implementing algorithms and
data structures.
• With the help of the C language, it is easy to develop system
software and operating system.