ASSIGNMENT SIMPLE TENSE anyone who learns english needs to learn about the present tenses

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HONG DUC UNIVERSITY
Faculty Of Foreign Language

ASSIGNMENT:
SIMPLE TENSE
Lecturer: Nguyễn Thanh Minh
Subject: Advanced English Grammar

MEMBERS OF GROUP:
Hà Thị Kim Anh
Nguyễn Thị Mỹ Tâm
Nguyễn Phương Thúy
Phạm Hà Huyền My
Mai Thùy Dương

Thanh Hóa, năm 2022
TABLE OF CONTENT

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Part 1: Introduction
Part 2: Development
1.

Overview of the present tenses

2.

Meaning of the present tenses

3.

Classification -> Usage:
3.1 Simple Tense
3.2 Present Continuous
3.3 Present Perfect
3.4 Present Perfect Continuous

Part 3: Conclusion

I. INTRODUCTION

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Nowadays speaking English is a key factor to become a successful person. This
means that English plays an important role in preparing people to become more
versatile professionals. Additionally, it allows them to communicate with people
from around the world. For example, in soccer games, the referee has to speak
English in order to communicate with players from around the world. Another
example is that many of the world’s top films, books and music are published and
produced in English. Therefore by learning English one can have access to a great
wealth of entertainment and will be able to have a greater cultural understanding.
Even though it is difficult to achieve a prefect pronunciation, it is important to

understand the grammar structure of English. This allow us to speak more clearly
and to make ourselves understand. Although learning English can be challenging
and sometimes be very expensive, money is not wasted because one pays to learn
something that will be a crucial part of one’s success. Whether one lives in Latin
America or in China, we should all learn English to have the opportunity of sharing
experiences and even work with people from around the world. To conclude,
English allows us to enrich our knowledge of other cultures and to become
successful people. The English language is regarded as one of the most difficult
languages to learn . In order to learn English well and understand it deeply . It is
very difficult . We can not only learn its basic rules of grammar but also study all
of its aspects . Grammar is often hard because it is a complex system of rules that
govern how language should be used .
English grammar has many different parts in which the present tenses play a very
important role . The present tense makes your writing simpler, more direct, and
more forceful. The more you use conditional or future tense, the harder your
audience has to work to understand your meaning. Writing entirely in the present
tense saves your audience work and helps make your point clearly. The present

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tenses is the basic knowledge to learn grammar, communicate or write sentences. It
has a very important role and is also very popular with English. Anyone who learns
English needs to learn about the present tenses . So this is also the reason why my
group decided to choose this topic

II. DEVELOPMENT

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1. Overview of the present tense
Definition of Present Tense The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines present tense
as “the tense of a verb that expresses action or state in the present time and is used
of what occurs or is true at the time of speaking and of what is habitual or
characteristic or is always or necessarily true, that is sometimes used to refer to
action in the past, and that is sometimes used for future events.” According to the
Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, the present tense is “the form of a verb that expresses
an action that is happening now or at the time of speaking.” The Cambridge
Dictionary defines present tense as “the form of the verb that is used to show what
happens or exists now.”
2. Meaning of the present tense
What is the present tense? The present tense is a grammatical tense primarily used
to discuss actions and events occurring at the present time. However, these aren't
its only functions. The main functions of the present tense are: Describing actions
and events which happen in the present - e.g. I'm looking for my glasses, have
you seen them? For reoccurring or habitual actions/events - e.g. I normally go to
the cafe on the river. Connect past events with the present - e.g. I've seen that film
before. Telling jokes or retelling events - e.g. A man walks into a bar ... Talking
about the future - e.g. I'm seeing John next week. Describing states - e.g. I live in
Mexico. Let's look at a few examples in detail.
3.Classification
3.1 Simple Tense
3.1.1. Structural.
“TO BE” :

Positive:
S + are/is/am + N/adj
Ex: They are Vietnamese
Negative:
S + are/is/am+not + N/adj Note:
are not/is not=aren’t/isn’t Ex:
I’m not a bad person.

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Question:
a. Yes/No question:
Am/are/is + S + N/adj ?
Ex: Are you a doctor?
b. WH-question:
WH-word + am/is/are + N/adj ?
Ex: Who are you?

Regular verbs:
Positive:
Ex:

S + do/does + V
I go to work by car every day.
She usually gets up early.

Negative:

S
Ex:

+ do/does + not + V
I do not go to school by car
She doesn’t work on Sunday

Question:
a. Yes/No question:
Do/does + S + V ?
Answer:
Yes, S + do/does.
No, S + do/does + not .
Ex: Does she go to work by taxi?
Do you like eating hotdogs?
b. Wh-question:
WH-word + do/does + V ?
Ex:

Where does he work?
What do you like doing in your free time?

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(A Practical English Grammar pages 159 & Collector)
3.1.2 CHARACTERISTICS
Remember that the verb is different after he, she and

it Ex: She lives near hear
It eats a lot of meal
We don’t add -s to the main verb in questions and negatives
Ex: Where does he work?
Source: My Grammar Lab INTERMEDIATE B1/B2 page 78

3.1.3. USAGE
We use the present simple for
For facts (things that are always true)
Ex: Water boils at 1000̊ C andfreezes at 00̊ C
To describe opinions and ideas
Ex: I think New York is exciting
To describe likes and dislikes
Ex: My grandfather likes the countryside I
prefer the city
To describe regular actions
Ex: He works there once a month
To describe habits
Ex: Angelo is often late for work
To describe routines
Ex: Do you come to the studio every day? I go on holiday once a year.
Source: My Grammar Lab INTERMEDIATE B1/B2 page 78

3.1.4. SIGNS OF KNOWLEDGE

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Always (luôn luôn),usually (thường xuyên),often (thường
xuyên),frequently (thường xuyên),sometimes (thỉnh thoảng),seldom (hiếm
khi), rarely (hiếm khi)
Every day, every week, every month, every year, every morning…(mỗi
ngày, mỗi tuần, mỗi tháng, mỗi năm).
Daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, yearly (hàng ngày, hàng tuần, hàng
tháng, hàng quý, hàng năm)
Once/ twice/ three times/ four times….. a day/ week/ month/ year,…….
(một lần/ hai lần/ ba lần/ bốn lần ……..mỗi ngày/ tuần/ tháng/ năm)
Source: Collect

3.2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS
3.2.1. STRUCTURAL.
Positive:
S
+ am/are/is + V-ing -I
am studying Math now.
- She is talking on the
phone. Negative:
S + am/are/is + not + Ving
-

I am not cooking dinner
- He is not (isn’t) feeding his
dogs Question:
Yes/No question: Am/are/is
+ S + v-ing ?

Ex:
- Are you taking a photo of me?

-Is she cooking in the kitchen?
b. WH-question:
WH-word + am/are/is + V-ing ?

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- What are you doing?
- What is he studying right now?
(Source: A Practical English Grammar pages 153,154)
3.2.2. CHARACTERISTICS
The Present Continuous is one of the basic English tenses used to describe things
that happen right at the moment we speak, or around the time of speaking, and the
action has not ended. (continues to happen).
3.2.3. USAGE
We use the present continuous for:
Describe an action that is taking place while speaking, or around the
context of the time in which you are speaking.
Describes an unpleasant action, usually with the adverb
"always". Describes a planned action.
Express an action that is certain to continue in the future.
Source: Ngữ pháp căn bản Tiếng Anh trình độ A quyển 1
3.2.4. SIGNS OF KNOWLEDGE
When in a sentence there are adverbs of time:
In the context of communication there are words
Source: Collect

3.3. PRESENT PERFECT

3.3.1. STRUCTURAL.
Positive (+): S + have/has + V-ed/PP
Ex : I have done homework
Negative (-): S + haven't/hasn't + V-ed/PP
Ex : I have not done homework

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Interrogative (?): Have/Has + S + V-ed/PP ?
Ex : Have you done homework ?
How long + have/has + S + V-ed/PP ?
Ex : How long have you done homework ?
Từ để hỏi (question words): Question Words + have/has + S + V-ed/PP ?
3.3.2. CHARACTERISTICS
We use the present perfect for actions or events that started in the past and are still
happening in the present, or happened in the past and are still connected with the
present - emphasizing the result of the action. action or event that happened.
3.3.3. USAGE
This tense may be said to be a sort of mixture of present and past. It always implies
a strong connexion with the present and is chiefly used in conversations, letters,
newspapers and television and radio reports. (cre: A Practical English Grammar
page 166)
Describe an action that has been completed up to the present time without
mentioning when the action happened.
Expressing an action that started in the past and is continuing in the present.
Expressing actions that have been done before and are still doing.
Use a clause with “since” to indicate when something started in the

past. Describe an experience up to the present time
An action in the past but important at the time of speaking
Describe an action or event that happened many times in the past.
(Sounce: anhngumisshoa)
3.3.4. SIGNS OF KNOWLEDGE
We often use the present perfect with adverbials which refer to the recent
past:
Recently,just,only just

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or adverbials which include the present:
so far , until now , up to now,ever
After a clause with the present perfect we often use a clause with since to
show when something started in the past:
We do not use the present perfect with adverbials which refer to a finished
past time:
Yesterday,last week/month/year,in 2017
but we can use the present perfect with adverbials which refer to a time
which is not yet finished:
today,this week/month/year
-For + a period of time
-Since + a point in past time
3.4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
3.4.1. STRUCTURAL.
Positive (+) : S + have/has + been + V.ing + …
Ex : I have been studying

Negative (-) : S + have/has + not + been + V.ing + …
Ex: I have not been studying
Interrogative (?) : Have/has + S + been + V.ing + …
Ex: Have you been studying in the library ?
3.4.2. CHARACTERISTICS
In this sentence, using the present perfect continuous verb tense conveys that
reading War and Peace is an activity that began sometime in the past and is not yet
finished in the present (which is understandable in this case, given the length of
Tolstoy’s weighty tome).

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Recently and lately are words that we often find with verbs in the present
perfect continuous tenses
Source: Grammarly.com
3.4.3. USAGE
This tense is used for an action which began in the past
and is still continuing or has only just finished:
In addition, the verb want is often used in this tense,
and wish is also possible:
The present perfect continuous tense does not exist in the
passive. The nearest passive equivaient of a sentence such as
Source: A Practical English Grammar page 173
3.4.4. SIGNS OF KNOWLEDGE
In sentences with adverbs of time: Now, Right now, At the moment, At
present
In the sentence, there are verbs that attract attention: Look, watch,

Listen, Keep silent, Watch out, Look out.

III. CLOSING

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We are beginning to see clearly that the present participle is a really very common
grammatical construction, whether one remembers the name or not. Most of the time
it is said or written correctly, but it is the irregular verbs that cause the most
confusion. It's a bit easier to look at the present participle than the past or future
participles because irregular verbs don't have many variations to recall here and one
can rest assured that the general case applies to more irregular verbs…

REFERENCES:
1.Wikipedia
2.Longman English Grammar
3.Web Grammar
4.My Grammar Lab INTERMEDIATE B1/B2
5.Grammar.com
6.Fighter
7.

Ngữ pháp căn bản Tiếng Anh trình độ A quyển 1

8.A Practical English Grammar
9.Anhngumisshoa
10.Toppr

11.British Council
12.Topicanative
13. Grammarly


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