the impact of corporate social responsibility (csr) in vietnam case and evidences

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THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) IN
VIETNAM: CASE AND EVIDENCES







BY
NGUYEN HA QUYEN








Graduation Project Submitted to the Department of Business Studies, HELP
University College, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Business (Accounting) Hons
April 2011
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Declaration of Originality and Word Count
DECLARATION

I declare that this graduation project is based on my original work except for

quotations, theories and citations which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare
that it has not been previously or concurrently submitted for any other
courses/degrees at HELP University College or other institutions.
The word count is 10228 words












––––––––––––––––
Nguyen Ha Quyen
Date
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, I would like to express my sincere apprecition to my
supervisor, Dr Pham Duc Hieu who has guided me throughtout this
thesis. His constant guidance, insightful suggestions, and constructive
ideas are the essential inputs and encouragement for me inorder to
complete this thesis.
Next, I would like to acknowledge to manager as well as all of employees in
enterprises of Vietnam about the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) by

cases and evividences.Without their contribution, I could not be able to gather much
information for my research
Lastly, I would like to extemd my heartfelt gratitude to my friends for
their continuous support, encouragement and contribution, which have
been crucial during the presentation of this report.
My thesis cannot be finished without your supports.
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THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) IN
VIETNAM: CASE AND EVIDENCES
BY
NGUYEN HA QUYEN
April 2011

Supervisor: Dr. Pham Duc Hieu

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been the subject of substantial academic
debate for over two decades. In recent year, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
becomes the term that might be familiar with developed countries especially capital
countries. However in Vietnam, Corporate Social Responsibility is not popular with
most of enterprises although some businesses have adopted CSR policies and rules of
ethics, but they are often based on approaches from the top down.
Suppliers apply moral rules upon request from customers rather than developing
their own CSR to expand the market share. And this could require many businesses
to adopt rules and ethics vary, depending on the number of customers that
their transactions, and sometimes they have contradictory.
Moreover, the understanding of the concept of CSR in Vietnam has significant
changes, both nationally and in enterprises. However in recent years when the
economy is more open and there are many critical cases and evidences concerning
with Corporate Social Responsibility as the result of the economic crisis and in

additional, understanding the importance as well as the role of CSR in hence the
competitiveness of Vietnamese enterprises against foreign enterprises. That is the
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motivation for the researcher to conduct the survey about the importance and
perception of CSR.
Through conducting the research, this research is able to indicate that the
understanding the definition of CSR and its real value is limited. The investors have
little basic knowledge of CSR however the understanding is somehow distorted such
as thinking of CSR as regulation compliance only. Besides that, the investors in
Vietnam find not easy to use CSR as a tool to value firm and it is also difficult for
them to make investment decision when CSR issues are considered.















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Table of contents

Declaration of Originality and Word Count 2
Abstract 3
Table of contents 6
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 10
1.1 Research Background 10
1.2 Problem Statement 12
1.3 Objective of research 13
1.4 Range of Research 14
1.5 Research Methods 14
1.6 Structure of Research 15
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 16
2.1 Research’s related concepts 16
2.1.1 CSR definition 16
2.1.2 Investment Decision 17
2.1.3 CSR reporting 17
2.2 Researches and Studies 18
2.2.1 Business Ethics in Vietnam 18
2.2.2 CSR, PR of Foreign Invested Companies 20
2.3 Researches Summary 22
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 24
3.1 Research Objectives 24
3.2 Theoretical Framework and Measurement 24
3.2.1 CSR Importance 25
3.2.2 CSR perception 25
3.2.3 Investment Decision 26
3.2.4 CSR Reporting 27
3.3 Measurement and Quality Design 28
3.3.1 Section 1 28
3.3.2 Section 2 29
3.3.2.1 CSR Perception 29

3.3.2.2 Investment Decision 29
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3.3.2.3 CSR Reporting 30
3.4 Research Method 30
3.4.1 Sampling 31
3.5 Hypothesis Statement 32
CHAPTER 4: RESULTS ANALYSIS 33
4.1 Collection of Questionnaires 33
4.2 Description of Result 33
4.2.1 Age 33
4.2.2 Gender 34
4.2.3 CSR Awareness 34
4.2.4 Investment Decision 40
4.2.5 CSR Reporting 45
4.3 Result Analysis 47
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 48
5.1 Summary 48
5.2 Recommendation 50
5.3 Limitation 52
5.4 Direction for Future Research 54
Reference 55
APPENDICES 58
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List of Figures and Tables

Table 1: Age 33
Table 2: Gender 34
Table 3: Question 1 - Result and Analysis 35

Table 4: Question 2 - Result and Analysis 37
Table 5: Question 3 - Result and Analysis 38
Table 6: Question 4 - Result and Analysis 39
Table 7: Question 5 - Result and Analysis 40
Table 8: Question 6 - Result and Analysis 42
Table9: Question 7 - Result and Analysis 43
Table 10: Question 8 - Result and Analysis 44
Table 11: Question 9 - Result and Analysis 46
Table12: Question 10 - Result and Analysis 47











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List of Abbreviations

FPTS
FPT Securities Company
CSR
Corporate Social Responsibility
RI
Responsible Investment

IR
Investor Relations
WTO
World Trade Organization
VCCI
Viet Nam Chamber of Commerce and Industry
NIRI
National Investor Relations Institute
PR
Public Relations

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Research Background
As we know, in business, profit is placed on top but besides profit, we should to
consider the interests of the community and society. So, to understand this aspect,
one question is set up about “What is Corporate social responsibility” and “How does
it impact on Vietnam perspective?” Corporate Social Responsibility – CSR is not
strange anymore to the developed world. In the United States has club with named
'One PERCENT Club' is a collection of businesses committed to using at least 1% of
their profits into social work. In France also, a series of cultural funds of enterprises
such as France Télécom (France Telecom), RATP (Subway Company) is the
sponsoring unit of contemporary French art and many other countries around the
world in general.
Beside that Corporate Social Responsibility is the commitment of business to
business ethics and contribute to sustainable economic development, improve the
quality of life for workers and their families, local communities and the society at
large (World Council on Sustainable Development - WBCSD). Customers interested

in CSR, responsible investors, policy makers and nongovernmental organizations
around the world increasingly concerned about the impact of globalization on the
lives of workers, environmental and community development. CSR is considered an
important factor as the other traditional factors such as cost, quality in business. CSR
is integrated into business strategy and becomes mandatory conditions for enterprises
to survive and grow. CSR become the main factor to consider in the decisions of
responsible investment. In addition to good reputation, businesses also get other
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benefits such as labor relations are improving, labor productivity increases and
workers increasingly attached to the enterprise.
Moreover, with the join of Viet Nam to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in
2007, CSR is getting more concerns from businesses because of the requirements
from the foreign clients and partners (WTO website, 2006). From year 2005, Viet
Nam has an award “CSR – towards the sustainable development” established by Viet
Nam Chamber of Commerce and Industry (VCCI) to reward the companies which
actively implement CSR in the international economics integration circumstances.
According to MR.Nguyen Quang Vinh- Deputy Director of
the Office for the enterprise for sustainable development (VCCI) “Enterprises of
Vietnam need to be backed implement CSR,
manufacturing business toward sustainable development is a prerequisite, Vietnam‟s
enterprise survival in the context of international
economic integration. Today's economic profit
can not help companies survive because consumers as well as other partners require
businesses to implement their social responsibility in business processes.
Through the award for "Business social
responsibility" to uphold VCCI, honoring those companies have done this
work, VCCI awards will be held annually as an
encouragement, incentives for businesses. Enterprises for the Office of Sustainable
Development - VCCI is committed to co-administration of enterprises; always

support and guide the implementation of CSR companies contribute to improving the
competitiveness of enterprises in the integration process.”

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1.2 Problem Statement
With the economic development of Vietnam, the majority of businesses in small and
medium-scale adoption and the performance of social responsibility of enterprises
have not already paid attention. Although the overview of CSR, major of enterprises
in Vietnam quite identify such as CSR is maintaining and developing corporate
cultures, protecting the rights for workers, anti-corruption, environmental protection,
creating favorable working conditions for employees, bridging the gap staff and
leadership, for the benefit community…etc , the knowledge of CSR concept of many
Vietnamese enterprises and CSR expertise are limited. Even, there are some
enterprises have put CSR into their business strategies. Typically, these social
programs such as “6 million cups of milk for children Vietnam” and funds
scholarships “fireflies light” of the big brands like Vinamilk, and Dutch Lady are
focusing and consumer support…etc. Acknowledge the importance of this issue,
Vietnam‟s enterprises have paid more attention to these particular areas According
to Mr Nguyen Hong Ha, deputy director of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry
of Vietnam (VCCI) in Ho. City, said that “CSR must be placed on the business
strategies of each business. It was, is and will be an essential part to the success of
the enterprise.” However, the implementation CSR in Vietnam is quite difficult. And
the biggest problem of Vietnam enterprises at that moment is lack of information,
leads to confusion, guide to mismanagement and even not know where to start before
the jobs related to CSR. Therefore, many scandals occur and its influence on the
developing of Vietnam enterprise in general. For instance, the lesson from China‟s
milk scandal, this scandal that has already claimed the lives of four babies and
sickened some 60,000 after they were fed the powder, made by the once-prestigious
Sanlu Group, which has huge implications for CSR. The milk, which had been laced

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with the industrial chemical melamine, used in plastics and glue, gave children
kidney stones. This scandal caused not small affection on the production of China‟s
milk in particular as well as more general that is affected on the whole milk industry
of the world.
1.3 Objective of research

With the objectivity is to provide the concept of CSR as a whole, this research also
supports more cases and evidences aims to enhance the competitive ability of
enterprises of Vietnam especially when in a period of Vietnam has become a formal
member of World Trade Organization (WTO). By conducting some of the basic steps
following
-To sum up the concept and definition of Corporate Social Responsibility.
- To survey the understanding as well as the perception of Vietnamese individual
investors of CSR concept, its importance and implementation.
- To Set up theoretical model and inspect the relationship between CSR
importance for Vietnamese investors and other contributions such as CSR
awareness, investment decision and CSR reporting. Beside that, the project
searches the conceptual enhancing path of theories on corporate social
responsibility (CSR) and to reflect on the implications of the development.
-To improve he understanding of individual investors on CSR issues, concepts
and its importance.
- To recommend some solutions for the organizations to improve the perception
and understanding of investors CSR concepts and its importance, solutions for
the firms to have better investor relation.
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1.4 Range of Research
Because of the project has large range so the object of the research is any Vietnamese

officers and the time duration of conducting the research: from Dec 18, 2010 to Jan
03, 2011.
1.5 Research Methods
Corporate Social Responsibility is a topic that has many different concepts and
because the nature of this project is research so that it used many reports, cases and
evidences. Moreover, the methods are used that is investigation and survey for the
project. In particular, the research will provide the accurate and reliable results for
the empirical study by using both primary and secondary data. here are many ways to
collecting primary data such as: questionnaires, interviews, focus group interviews,
case-studies, diaries, observations, critical incidents, portfolio…etc. However the
most suitable choice for this project in order to collect data just can be questionnaires
because of some reasons like that: this method is very cheap; this method also is
contributed in many ways to increase the convenience in collecting data. The
questionnaires are designed for trying to obtain the employees‟ perspective as well as
the accounting students‟ perspective. The researcher distributes the questionnaire and
conducts the study through Vietnamese officer because the range of the research is
the impact of CSR and relate to all of Vietnamese‟s perception of its. The researcher
comes to each individual officer to ask them to answer and fill in the survey. The
previous research and studies are used for making the questionnaire. The
measurement is made in accordance with the past researches. The quantitative
method is used to carrying out the research. Besides that, the sample of n equals 60
(n = 60). By surveying the Vietnamese officers the researcher can analyze the
collected data to see how individual investors understand the CSR concepts and
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CSR‟s importance. In the research, Microsoft Excel software is used to assist the
researcher in analyzing and check the measurement after all data has been collected.
Besides, the data from previous studies help the researcher to understand and be able
to use statistical and descriptive methods of analysis.

Moreover, using primary data can collection method is to provide the appropriate
information that match with the requirements of this project. Beside that, secondary
data will support the application Corporate Social Responsibilities in Vietnam
perspective as a whole. The secondary data will be collected at the low cost as well
as possible from the relating sources such as: books, Internet, newspaper, magazines,
and other convenient formulation.
1.6 Structure of Research
In order to understand clearer about the concepts of CSR as well as its importance
this project is divided into five following chapters:

Chapter I: Introduction
Chapter II: Literature Review
Chapter III: Research Methodology
Chapter IV: Result Analysis
Chapter V: Conclusion and Recommendation




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CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Research’s related concepts
2.1.1 CSR definition
As far as concern above, because CSR is the quite new term for Vietnam‟s
enterprises so it is necessary to understand the concept. In fact there are many
definitions of CSR made by different researchers and organizations throughout the
world but in all of them the most approximately exactly definition that is widely used
by World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) which is
mentioned in the first part : According to World Business Council for Sustainable

Development in its publication "Making Good Business Sense" by Lord Holme and
Richard Watts (WBCSD, 1998) “corporate social responsibility is defined as “the
continuing commitment by business to contribute to economic development while
improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the
community and society at large”. Furthermore, the same report gave some evidence
of the different perceptions of what this should mean from a number of different
societies across the world. The definitions as different as “CSR is about capacity
building for sustainable livelihoods. It respects cultural differences and finds the
business opportunities in building the skills of employees, the community and the
government” from Ghana, through to “CSR is about business giving back to
society” from the Phillipines. From other aspect, the traditionally in the United
States, CSR has been defined much more in terms of a “philanthropic model.
Companies make profits, unhindered except by fulfilling their duty to pay taxes.
Then they donate a certain share of the profits to charitable causes. It is seen as
tainting the act for the company to receive any benefit from the giving.” In anyways,
whether many other definitions from the researchers or other sources, CSR still aims
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to enhance the competitiveness which helps the firm to improve their financial status,
employees‟ motivation and customers‟ loyalty and the company‟s image.
2.1.2 Investment Decision
In any aspect of CSR or any business‟s concepts and form, all of them regular have
unique target make decision for investors to bring benefit for firms generally.
Investing in firms is one of the most popular ways to make investment. Investment
decision traditionally involves taking financial aspects and measures to evaluate the
firm only. However, in the modern world, financial status is not enough for investors
to make decision. So, the new concepts are developed to meet the change and CSR
becomes one of those concepts with which investors consider CSR as an importance
consideration in investment decision. The investment community has been exploring
the links between CSR and financial performance of businesses.

2.1.3 CSR reporting
According to Tim Smith- Walden Asset Management (July 27, 2010) “CSR
reporting illustrate the expanding belief that quote CSR has become vitally
important for a company‟s business, and that transparent reporting is, as one CEO
said, one of the prices of doing business today.” CSR reporting is emerging need for
the business in the world today. That is because of the demands by investors,
consumers and society for CSR reporting. There are many reporting schemes and
standards which are used in different organizations and countries. Those CSR reports
help the company to better communicate with the investors and other stakeholders.
They also increase the image and reputation of the organizations which issue the
reports.
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2.2 Researches and Studies
Although, CSR becomes popular with enterprises all over the world. In any field or
any industry, when firms are establish, they must concentrate and care about their
responsibility with preserving and developing cultural identity company, protect the
rights for workers, anti-corruption, environmental
protection, create favorable working conditions for employees, bridging the
gap staff and leadership and for the benefit community. But how CSR in Vietnam? In
fact, there are not so many researches conducted on this topic of CSR in Viet Nam so
that the research faces with many difficulties in finding enough studies and
researches to use for reference and foundation. As the limitation of conducted studies
and researches, the researcher has to use some case and evidences or studies which
are consisted of more than one topic. Those topics usually are quite related such as
business ethics, corporate culture. However, CSR is mostly discussed, studied or
even argument in those researches hence, it is still appropriate to use them.
2.2.1 Business Ethics in Vietnam
Research ethics is a long tradition in human society, starting
from religious beliefs, cultural and philosophical ideas. Ethics related to moral

commitment, responsibility and social justice. Moral Ethics, in English, the word
derives from Greek „ethiko‟ and „ethos‟, meaning custom or habit.
As Aristotle said, “the concept includes the idea of the nature and how to apply. So
the moral reflection of personal character and in this day and age you can tell the
nature of a business, because business is the collection of individuals.”
So far, researchers have made a lot of ethical concepts venture, in which the concept
can be regarded as the most simple: “Business ethics are the accepted principles to
define right and wrong, to regulate the behavior of traders”. Aware of the complexity
of the problem, Professor Phillip V. Lewis University Abilene Christian, the United
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States has conducted surveys and collected 185 definitions given in textbooks and
research papers from 1961 to 1981 to find “business ethics” how is defined? in the
research papers and in the consciousness of the business. After finding the common
point of the concept, he synthesized and introduced the concept of business ethics as
follows:
“Business ethics is all the rules, standards, ethics or laws to provide advice on
behavior and honesty standards (an organization) in certain cases”
In this aspect as well as the important part that is researched by Dr Nguyen Hoang
Anh – Foreign Trade University Hanoi, Corporate Social Responsibility is
mentioned. According to him, to go through this issue, CSR is just concentrated
about the quality of production and environment protection. And give the evidences
to aims to make clearer for quality of production that is affected on the right of
customers. One of the classic tales of how a company can get it right is that of
Johnson & Johnson, and the company's response to the Tylenol poisoning. In
particular

in 1982, “Johnson & Johnson's Tylenol medication commanded 35 per
cent of the US over-the-counter analgesic market - representing something like 15
per cent of the company's profits”. And at that point a mentally ill person has poison

in a bottle of Tylenol analgesic brand by Johnson & Johnson (J & J). Although the
case unfortunately this only happens in Chicago and parts of the security that the
perpetrators just put poison in a bottle of Tylenol were sold in the supermarkets, J &
J was determined to proceed with in order to test all 31 million bottles Tylenol was
distributed not only in America but in the whole world, because according to J & J, “
there is no guarantee that the perpetrators just put poison in the bottle of Tylenol at
was sold, but do not put in the time before manufacturing or distribution. All costs to
implement the decision on the $ 100 million. However, the high expression of
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socially responsible company Johnson & Johnson plus proper PR campaign was
helped Tylenol regained the position in the market within 6 months.”
CSR plays a key role in Business Ethic; this issue becomes major part to make the
decision for enterprises succeed. Therefore, awareness of CSR in Viet Nam should
be enhanced through not only the media, business organization and researchers but
also support from governmental offices and departments. Moreover, the enterprises
should be encouraged in raising their business ethics for both their and other
stakeholders‟ benefits.
2.2.2 CSR, PR of Foreign Invested Companies
Due to this topic of CSR, the study also is researched by many researchers of foreign
countries. Almost of them have own concepts about CSR as well as comment on its.
However, they are given the common theory about CSR “responsibilities
of the institutions in shaping, directing and controlling the business in the
direction of respecting individual rights and promote human happiness” Beside many
arguments that are researched long time ago, until recent year,
research consistent with a fairly complete definition of Group Development
Private Sector of the World Bank, “Social responsibility of business is the
commitment of businesses to contribute to sustainable
economic development, through improving the quality of work life of
employees and members of their families, communities and society, in ways

that benefit both businesses as well as the overall development of society”. In
Vietnam, according to CSR, Public Relation of Foreign Invested companies by Ho
Thien Nga of Economy University Da Nang has summarized the CSR concept of
many researches. And according to her, “CSR if the Public Relations (PR),
the mining companies is not only have long-term
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benefits but also may promote both immediate benefits. Specifically, with Foreign-
Invested Companies (FIC) operates in the business environment of host
countries with multiple obstacles, fluctuations,
risk, CSR and PR increasingly important role in creating sustainable competitive
advantage”
The research of Carroll (1979) expands the responsibilities into four types:
economic, legal, ethical and arbitrary responsibilities. The research also analyzes
some familiar concepts to CSR such as corporate social performance,
responsiveness, and philanthropy and business ethics. The research is consistent with
the definition of CSR mentioned in the previous part.
There are different ideas of the components of CSR. Stone (2005) defines this
concept to be including compulsory, approval, and arbitrary responsibilities for the
business community. Quazi and O‟Birien (2000) state that CSR consists of two
components: corporate responsibility and results of social commitment. A firm which
is responsible should be responsible in many aspects. Therefore, CSR is not merely
participating in charity but the commitments and compliance in many ways.

For any company, CSR is important because it responds to the expectation from
society, is regarded as a type of investment, and is motivators for enhance the
business performance, raise the loyalty of customers, build up the brand-name of
company and so on. Moreover, from the characteristics of foreign-invested company;
CSR is especially important and essential: employment relationship improvement,
brand-name development, crisis management, social sustainable development and

government and local relationship improvement. Because of that, CSR reporting is
important tool for providing information for the investors and society as the whole.
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CSR reporting has been asked in the research to inspect the understanding and also
the needs from investors and other stakeholders. Even though CSR reports are
relatively new, there is an existing need for CSR reports.
2.3 Researches Summary
Base on some summaries of Vietnam researches as well as some researches in the
world, this project is indicated small aspect of CSR‟s concepts and its impotents.
Moreover, the comparison among those researches shows the difference in
presenting the theoretical framework of CSR in main point follow:
According to Nguyen Hoang Anh, CSR was researched in the following area:
Business Ethics concept
 CSR concept
 CSR awareness, practices in Viet Nam
 Solutions to raise CSR understanding and implementation in Viet Nam
For some aspects that rendered the research gave perspective of CSR.
Even though there is understanding of business ethics and CSR concepts among
investors; it is usually limited to the incomplete knowledge on the topic. CSR
sometimes is thought as regulation compliance only.
Other author is Ho Thien Nga who verify quite new definitions of CSR that are
summarized by many researches like (Arthaud-Day, 2005 [11];
Carroll, 1979 [12]; Clarkson, 1995 [13]; Friedman, 1970 [15]; Jones & Goldberg,
1982 [16]). Manakkalathil và Rudolf (1995) [17] Carroll 1979 [12].
This author also zoning her research scope in:
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 CSR practices in Viet Nam
 CSR in foreign-invested business entities

 The needs of CSR reports
In common sense, this research can show foreign-invested firms in Viet Nam tend to
be more social responsibility than the local ones. Even though there is lack of CSR
reports, there is an existing need from investors and the society as the whole.


















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CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Objectives
In the Literature Review section, the researcher has collected, summarized and
discussed the studies and theories related to the topic of CSR concepts and its
importance for many types of stakeholders. Dependent on the review of literature in
chapter II, we can see that the perception, understanding of CSR concepts and its

importance varies from countries to countries. That is the reason why the researches
which have been done in Viet Nam will be the major sources of reference for the
researcher to carry out this research. The study will show how individual Vietnamese
investors perceive the CSR concepts and importance. Furthermore, the relationship
between the dependent variable or CSR importance in particular and the three
components which contribute to the importance of CSR for investors including: CSR
perception, investment decision and CSR reporting will be examined to establish a
relationship.
3.2 Theoretical Framework and Measurement
The researcher takes into account not only the researches and studies within in the
border of Vietnam but also in some other places in the world to have better
supporting sources. Using the mentioned information and knowledge, there is a
theoretical framework developed using components of CSR importance in Viet Nam.
They are: CSR perception, investment decision, and CSR reporting. Over these
components, the project can use theories can affirm that with the small and medium
enterprises of Vietnam the conditions necessary to implement CSR is able to
withstand
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Moreover, applying the firm-level data, this project can report the cases and
evidences that are consistent with this hypothesis
3.2.1 CSR Importance
It confirm that today, social responsibility is not new problems for theoretical
enterprises and countries around the world that it is worth here are
just theories that have been practice to go and do well it is worthless. And CSR
importance is the dependent variable in the research.CRS is in the best interest of
developed countries by businesses
that are considered investments generate significant profits (in anyway, according
to Philip Kotler, the supreme goal of a business entity is profit.) This clearly refers
to the logic of the problem is investment -

profitability, “the property but the long days and nights the giant is building”.
Furthermore, understanding the CSR importance helps investors to make better
investment decision in a long-term basis as the firm with better CSR programs and
activities seems to be more responsible for the whole society and its development
will be more sustainable. Since CSR is new term and concept in Viet Nam, its factors
will be different from other countries‟ to access the understanding and perception of
the CSR importance of investors.
3.2.2 CSR perception
CSR can be analyzed into specific actions with objects is the employees,
shareholders, suppliers, customers, and communities.CSR does not just stop at the
issues just mentioned, but generally this is the central issue. Implementation of
good corporate social responsibility brings many benefits. But in fact,
some argue that Corporate Social Responsibility‟s benefits are unclear, but several