Pediatric emergency medicine trisk 601

Antiviral class

Trade name (generic name)

Reverse transcriptase (RT)
inhibitors

Combivir (lamivudine and zidovudine)
Emtriva (emtricitabine, FTC)
Epivir (lamivudine, 3TC)
Epzicom (abacavir and lamivudine)
Retrovir (zidovudine, AZT or ZDV)
Trizivir (abacavir, zidovudine, and
lamivudine)
Truvada (tenofovir and emtricitabine)
Videx (didanosine, ddI)
Viread (tenofovir, TDF)
Zerit (stavudine, d4T)
Ziagen (abacavir, ABC)

Non-NRTIs

Edurant (rilpivirine)
Intelence (etravirine)
Rescriptor (delavirdine, DLV)
Sustiva (efavirenz, EFV)
Viramune (nevirapine, NVP)
Aptivus (tipranavir, TPV)
Crixivan (indinavir, IDV)
Invirase (saquinavir, SQV)
Kaletra (lopinavir and ritonavir, LPV/RTV)

Lexiva (fosamprenavir, FOS-APV)
Norvir (ritonavir, RTV)
Prezista (darunavir)
Reyataz (atazanavir, ATV)
Viracept (nelfinavir, NFV)
Selzentry (maraviroc)
Fuzeon (enfuvirtide) b
Isentress (raltegravir)
Tivicay (dolutegravir)
Vitekta (elvitegravir)

Protease inhibitors (PIs)

Entry inhibitors
Fusion inhibitors
Integrase inhibitors

a Multiclass

combination medications include Atripla (efavirenz, emtricitabine, and tenofovir); Complera
(emtricitabine, rilpivirine, and tenofovir), Evotaz (atazanavir, cobicistat), Prezcobix (cobicistat, darunavir),


Stribilid (elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir), Truvada (tenofovir, emtricitabine).
b Administered subcutaneously.
Antiretroviral drugs currently approved by Food and Drug Administration and marketed in the United
States, available online at .
Accessed February 25, 2019
Trade names are listed first, as patients and their families will more commonly recognize these names.

e-TABLE 94.28
ADVERSE EFFECTS OF DRUGS USED IN TREATING HUMAN
IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION, PREVENTING
OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS, AND IN TREATING COMMONLY
ACQUIRED INFECTIONS*


Adverse effect

Drug(s)

Dermatitis

Abacavir, atovaquone, dapsone, delavirdine, efavirenz,
enfuvirtide (nodules at injection site), maraviroc,
nevirapine, primaquine, pyrimethamine, raltegravir,
ribavirin, sulfadiazine, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,
voriconazole
Diarrhea
Atovaquone, didanosine, clindamycin, isoniazid
(suspension form only, which is sorbitol based),
nelfinavir, ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, tenofovir
Hepatotoxicity
Atovaquone, azithromycin, clarithromycin, darunavir,
fluconazole, isoniazid, itraconazole, ketoconazole,
pyrazinamide, rifabutin, rifampin, rilpirivine,
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, voriconazole, most
antiretrovirals; hepatic failure can be seen with
nevirapine. Tenofovir associated with severe lactic

acidosis.
Hypersensitivity
Abacavir, delavirdine, dolutegravir, etravirine, all protease
reaction
inhibitors (atazanavir, darunavir, fosamprenavir,
indinavir, lopinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir,
tipranavir), rilpiridine
Lipodystrophy
All protease inhibitors (atazanavir, darunavir,
fosamprenavir, indinavir, lopinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir,
saquinavir, tipranavir), delavirdine, etravirine,
rilpirivine
Musculoskeletal
All integrase strand transfer inhibitors (dolutegravir,
pain
enfuvirtide, raltegravir), tenofovir
Myelosuppression Amphotericin B, cidofovir, dapsone, enfuvirtide,
foscarnet, flucytosine, ganciclovir, hydroxyurea,
interferon alpha, linezolid, peginterferon-alpha
pyrimethamine, rifabutin, ribavirin, sulfadiazine,
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, trimetrexate,
valganciclovir, zidovudine
Nephrotoxicity
Neuropathy

Acyclovir, adefovir, amphotericin B, cidofovir, foscarnet,
indinavir, pentamidine, tenofovir
Didanosine, isoniazid, linezolid, stavudine, zalcitabine