Pediatric emergency medicine trisk 0418 0418

TABLE 16.1
BREAST ENLARGEMENT/MASSES
I. Inflammatory conditions
A. Cellulitis and mastitis
B. Breast abscess
II. Noninflammatory conditions
A. Infancy
1. Physiologic hypertrophy
2. Tumor (rare)
B. Childhood
1. Premature thelarche
2. Precocious puberty
3. Prepubertal gynecomastia (male)
4. Malignancy (rare)
C. Adolescence
1. Male
a. Postpubertal (physiologic) gynecomastia
b. Exogenous hormonal stimulation
c. Drug exposure
i. Phenothiazines
ii. Opiates
iii. Cannabis (tetrahydrocannabinol)
iv. Anabolic steroids
v. Antiretroviral therapy
vi. Tricyclic antidepressants
vii. Calcium channel blockers or digoxin
d. Endocrinopathy
e. Nipple cyst
f. Malignancy (rare)
2. Female
a. Isolated, benign cyst

b. Fibroadenoma
c. Fibrocystic disease
d. Juvenile hypertrophy
e. Hematoma/fat necrosis (posttraumatic)
f. Papillomatosis
g. Cystosarcoma phyllodes and other cancers (rare)