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febrile infants. Other respiratory viral testing may also be informative as febrile
infants younger than 60 days with influenza have lower risk of serious bacterial
infections but still have substantial risk of UTI. Biomarkers, including
procalcitonin and C-reactive protein, have been recently evaluated as predictors
of serious bacterial infection in febrile young infants and may help to identify
populations at low risk for serious bacterial infection. Recent studies have
suggested that incorporating procalcitonin into the laboratory evaluation of the
young febrile infant may improve diagnostic accuracy of bacterial infection.
Further evaluations of these markers alone and in combination with existing
algorithms are needed to determine if they will provide improved prediction of
serious bacterial infection in newborns and young infants.