Pediatric emergency medicine trisk 2716 2716

Drug

Complications

Asparaginase

• Allergy
• Hemorrhage
• Deep and superficial vein thrombosis (cerebral sinus venous
thrombosis)
• Hyperglycemia
• Pulmonary fibrosis and/or pneumonitis

Bleomycin
Anthracyclines
(doxorubicin,
daunorubicin)

• Cardiomyopathy

Corticosteroids

• Avascular necrosis
• Hyperglycemia
Cyclophosphamide • SIADH
• Hemorrhagic cystitis
Cyclosporine

• Hypomagnesemia and seizures

Cytarabine

• Neurotoxicity (cerebellar dysfunction, onset within hours of
treatment with high doses)
• Eye pain, tearing, sensitivity to light and blurred vision
(high doses)
• Seizures (high doses)
• Erythroderma, especially palmar, with resulting
desquamation (high doses)

Dactinomycin

• Venoocclusive disease of the liver

Etoposide

• Hypotension (during infusion)

Ifosfamide

• Salt wasting
• Neurotoxicity (confusion, inappropriate laughter,
somnolence, psychosis)
• Renal injury manifested as Fanconi syndrome with proximal
tubular dysfunction and wasting of phosphate, glucose,
potassium, and bicarbonate
• Hemorrhagic cystitis

Methotrexate

• Seizures

• Elevated transaminases (1–3 days after high-dose
administration)