Brief overview of nanotechnology

Nanotechnology
A Brief Overview
-Identifying Opportunities and Strategies-

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“We are placing bets on things we can do uniquely well.
First, new ways to power the world.
Second, molecular medicine.
And third, nanotechnology.”
- Jeff Immelt, CEO, General Electric

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What is Nanotech?
NanoTechnology – Art and science of manipulating atoms
and molecules to create new systems, materials, and
devices.
Nanomeasurement – Size
Nanomanipulation – Building from the bottom up.

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Size Matters
How Big is a Nano?
–
Nano = 1 billionth;100,000
x’s smaller than the
diameter of a human hair.
Examples of Nanoscale
–
A cubic micron of water
contains about 90 billion

atoms. A micron is one
thousandth of a millimeter,
and a thousand times
larger than a nanometer.
–
Another way to visualize a
nanometer:
1 inch = 25,400,000
nanometers

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Applied Nanotechnology –
Examples of Current Research and
Applications
Materials Science
Powders, Coatings, Carbon Nano-Materials,
C-NanoFabrics
Energy Solar Power and PhotoVoltaics, Hydrogen Fuel
Cells, LED White Light
Medicine/Biotech Genomics, Proteomics, Lab on a Chip,
C-Nanotubes,BuckyBalls
Electronics MRAM, NRAM, Q-Dots, Q-Bits
Devices Lithography, Dip Pen Lithography, AFM, MEMS

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Disruptive Apps - Materials

Fiber that is stronger than spider web

Metal 100 x’s stronger than steel, 1/6 weight


Catalysts that respond more quickly and to more agents

Plastics that conduct electricity

Coatings that are nearly frictionless –(Shipping Industry)

Materials that change color and transparency on demand.

Materials that are self repairing, self cleaning, and never need
repainting.

Nanoscale powders that are five times as light as plastic but
provide the same radiation protection as metal.

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Disruptive Apps - Energy

Fuel cell technology becomes cost effective within 3 years.

Batteries that store more energy and are much more efficient

Plastics and paints that will store solar power and convert to energy for $1 per watt.

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Disruptive Apps - Computing

Silicon is hitting its size limit, Moore’s law reaches maximum in 2007

SuperChips –Combination of Silicon and Galium Arsenide create wireless chips


Plastic semiconductors manufactured by regular printing devices – cheaply produced.

Electronic Paper

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Disruptive Apps – Bio Medicine

Cosmetics that can penetrate the skin

Cures for Aids, Cancers, Alzheimer's, Diabetes

Ability to view cells In vivo - Fast Drug Creation

Nanomaterials that can see inside vessels for plaque
buildup

Technology that can re-grow bone and organs

NanoSensors for disease detection – 10x’s faster
and 100,000 x’s more accurate

Nanofilters will help create impurity free drugs.

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Key Terms You Need to Know

BuckyBalls

Carbon Nanotubes


MEMS

Quantum Dots

Molecular Self
Repair/Assembly

MRAM/Spintronics

Lithography

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Carbon Nanotubes

4 nm width (smaller
diameter than DNA)

100x’s stronger than
steel 1/6 weight

Thermal/electrically
conductive

Metallic and Semi-
Conductive

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BuckyBalls – C60


Roundest and most
symmetrical molecule
known to man

Compressed – becomes
stronger than diamond

Third major form of pure
carbon

Heat resistance and
electrical conductivity

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MEMS and Quantum Dots
Micro Sized Motor Quantum Dot

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Obstacles and Hurdles

Mass Production/Throughput and Cost Constraints

Funding Requires Long-Term Investments

Intellectual Property Issues - Patent Office that is Overwhelmed and Under-Qualified
Source: IEEE Spectrum A
ugust 2003
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The International Race for
Nanotech Supremacy


1998 Bill Clinton Signed the NNI

June 2003 - Congress approves
$2.3b in additional funding

Europe and Asia are Moving Fast
– Maybe Faster

S.Korea just announced a $2b
gov. initiative

Why? Because Winner controls
manufacturing for next century
Source: The Fredonia Gro
up
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U.S Market
Nanomaterials Projections

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Resources

Must Read Books
–
As the Future Catches You – Juan Enriquez
–
Investors Guide to Nanotechnology and Micromachines – Glenn Fishbine
–
Next Big Thing Is Really Small: How Nanotechnology Will Change the Future of Your

Business – Jack Uldrich, Deb Newberry
–
Hacking Matter – Will McCarthey

Periodicals
–
Forbes/Wolfe Nanotech Report
–
MIT Technology Review
–
Science
–
Nature

Web – www.nanotechgroup.org