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savorythanhoney,”andtheirbedchamberas
“honeyfilled.”IntheOldTestament,the
promisedlandispicturedseveraltimesasa
landflowingwithmilkandhoney,ametaphor
ofdelightfulplentythatisitselfused
figurativelyintheSongofSongs,where
anotherbridegroomchants,“Thylips,Omy
spouse,dropasthehoneycomb:honeyand
milkareunderthytongue…”
Honeyremainedanimportantingredientin
boththefoodandcultureofclassicalGreece
andRome.TheGreeksoffereditin
ceremoniestothedeadandthegods,and
priestessesofthegoddessesDemeter,
Artemis,andRheawerecalledmelissai:the
Greekmelissa,liketheHebrewdeborah,
means“bee.”Theprestigeofhoneywasdue
inparttoitsmysteriousoriginsandtoabelief
thatitwasalittlebitofheavenfallentoearth.
TheRomannaturalhistorianPlinyspeculated
inentertainingdetailonhoney’snature.
Honeycomesoutoftheair…Atearlydawn
theleavesoftreesarefoundbedewedwith
honey…Whetherthisistheperspirationof
theskyorasortofsalivaofthestars,or
themoistureoftheairpurgingitself,
neverthelessitbringswithitthegreat
pleasureofitsheavenlynature.
It was more than 1,000 years before the