THE ECONOMICS OF MONEY,BANKING, AND FINANCIAL MARKETS 135

CHAPTER 5

TA B L E 5 - 4

The Behaviour of Interest Rates

103

Factors That Shift the Demand for and Supply of Money

Variable

Change in
Variable

Change in Money
Demand (M d)
or Supply (M s)
at Each Interest Rate

Income

*

Md*

Change in
Interest Rate
*

Ms

i
i2
i1

M d1

M d2
M

Price level

*

Md*

*

Ms

i
i2
i1

M d1

M d2
M

Money supply

*

M *
s

+

i
M s1 M s2
i1
i2
Md
M

Note: Only increases ( *) in the variables are shown. The effect of decreases in the variables on the change in demand
would be the opposite of those indicated in the remaining columns.

Changes in the
Money Supply

An increase in the money supply due to an expansionary monetary policy by the
Bank of Canada implies that the supply curve for money shifts to the right. As is
shown in Figure 5-11 by the movement of the supply curve from M 1s to M 2s , the
equilibrium moves from point 1 down to point 2, where the M 2s supply curve
intersects with the demand curve M d and the equilibrium interest rate has fallen
from i1 to i2. When the money supply increases (everything else remaining
equal), interest rates will decline.6

6

This same result can be generated using the supply and demand for bonds framework.