Thách thức đối với thanh niên ven đô thành phố hồ chí minh điển cứu tại quận ven bình tân

T>P cm HAT TWEII B i g M , I j P 17, SO XM014

Thach thLFc ddi vai thanh nien ven do
Thanh phd Ho Chf Minh - dien CLFU tai
quan ven Binh Tan
Ngd Thj Thu Trang
ChauThj T h u T h u y
Tryftng B^i hpc Khoa hpc Xa hpi vi NhSn van, BHQG-HCM

T6M TAT:
e a thi hda li mil xu Ihi tit yiu cOa cio
nuirc dang phit triin, Viit Nam dang dlin ra
qui trinh dd Ihi hda manh mi nhit li nhOng
thinh phi l&n nhw ThO dd Hi Nil vi Thinh
phi Hi Chl Minh (TP. HCM). TR HCM thu hut
phin l&n thanh nlin 10- cic linh Ihinh khic vi
lim viio trong cic khu cdng nghiip, khu chi
xuit dit & vOng ven dd thinh phi. Sw gia ISng
din sd cOng vdl nhu ciu dich vu ting cao thuc
diy sw m& ling dlin Uch dit dd Ihl. Trong dd
khu vwc ven dd phit triin nhanh vi mang tinh
chit tw phit di tao nin mdt bt mit riing biil
Clia khu vwc chuyin ddi glO'a ndng Ihdn Idn dd
thi. Lit sing khu vuc ven dd thay dii nhanh
trong qui trinh dd thj hda, nhit ii nhiing thich
thirc vi phwong diin iii sing cho thanh niin
ven dd. Nhln tO'gdc di dfa if, tio gii tiip oin
sw chuyin dii iii sing thanh niin ven dd

thuic ba nhdm din cw trin dia bin nghiin cOv
gim: Nhdm din cd quyin s& hwu dit dai ar

tru liu ddi tai dja phircmg, nhdm din thui trg
(tim thiy & khu vwc din cw liu din vi khu V(«;
phit Iriin h/phitj, vi nhim din cw m&i a ) s&
hiru dit dal (cw trO trong nhOng khu quy hoach
theo chwang Irinh dw in). V&l nhirng phuang
phip trip cin khic nhau trin ccr s& phdng vin
siu (45 miu), bing hdi (304 miu) vi quan sil
thwc li cd sy tham gia tal Quin ven Binh TSn
- mil trong nhOng khu virc ven dd v&i tic dd
dd thj hda cao cOa TP. HCM. Bing phwang
phip nghiin cOru iiin nginh trin phumig diin
xi hil hoc vi dia iy hoc, cung v&i kit qui phin
tich phdng vin siu vi bing hii, tir dd Ihi hiin
nhirng thich thOc cOa thanh nlin ven dd tomil tnr&ng xi hdi din mdi truing giio due
trong gia dinh.

Tip khda: E>i thj hda, tii sing, ven dd, thich thOc, thanh nlin
1. Gim t h i ^
Ho Chi Minh da timg ndi. "Mdi nam khdi dau lir
mia xuan, mot ddi khdi dau lir hioi tre. Tuoi Ire la
mia xuan cua dan tdc' Vai ird va sii menh cua mdi
tre, cua lang ldp Uianh ni6n la lit quan trgng cho su
phon vinh cia dat nude. Trong xu ihS tat yeu cua
qua Irinh dd dij hda hicn tai d nhihig nunc dang
phil trien Irong dd cd Viel Nam, mgt Irong nhiing

quoc gia nam trong khu vuc Ddng Nam A vdi toe
dd do thi hoa cao htah Uianh nen nhirng vung ven
dd phal tnin tw phat, dien tieh dll dd dii ditpc ndi
rdng nhir nhirng vet din loang. Mdi Budng s6ng

dang tiiay ddi Uieo chiJu hudng phiic tap tai n h m g
quan ven Uianh pho ldn ciia Viet Nam nhu Ha Ngi
l a TP. HCM. Thanh ph6 cdng nghiep nang dgng.
Tpang 55


E ft TECMILKV lEVELIPIEIT, M T7,

Ho.M-Wi

thu hut hon hang trien dan nhdp cu hang nani, qua
Irinh dd thi hoa cua TP HCM dien ra nianh me vdi
su lang tmdng dJn sd \3 su thu hep dan dien tich

trndiig hop dien cuu ciia de tai vi day la qu|n co
tdng dan sd va toe dd tang trudng dan so nhanh
nhdt trong 6 quan mdi ciia thanh pho (bieu do 1)

700,000

au^n

Qu^n 12

Qu|n

QuSn 9 Qu^n 7 QuSn 2

Qu^n

Bieu do 1. Su tang tnrdng ddn so qugn ven Thdnh pho HCM qua cac ndm
(Xgiidn • Cue tilling ke Ihdnh phd Hd Chi .1 lmh nam 2010)
dat dd thi Tinh den thdi diem hien tgi, theo qudn Iy
Noi the hien ro ddc tnmg cOa ba nhom dan cu: Dda
hanh chinh, TP HCM co tat cd 24 qudn huj en.
nhgp cir, dan tgi chd \'a dan cu mdi, cd ba nhdm dan
Trong do. 12 qugn npi thj Id: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8,10, 11,
cu hda lln trong khdng gian ban ndng, ban thj ciia
Tan Binh, Phu Nhuaa Binh Thgnh, Go Vap Vdi
khu \-uc \-en do. Qudn Binh Tdn mdi hinh thanh
chii mrong rad rdng do Ihi ctia TP HCM ke tir nam
ndm 2003 cung co the du^c xep vao vOng ven vdi
1997, thanh pho hinh thanh ndm Quan ven gom,
dien tich dat ndng nghiep cdn khd cao (30% trong
Quan Thli Due, Qugn 2, Qudn 9 dugc tach ra tir
tong dien tich dat Iu nhidn)
huyen Thu Due, Qugn 7 dugc Idch ra tu hii>'en Nha
Binh Tan la mpt trong nliimg qugn ven ciia TP.
Be. Qugn 12 lach ra tir huyen Hdc Mon. Den nam
HCM vdi qua trinh dd thj hda tu phat mang den n§i
2003. hai Qugn ven mdi la Qugn Tan Phii du^rc tach
lo Clia nhOng gia dinh co con dang d tu6i thanh nien
ra tir Qugn Tan Binh xk Qugn Binh Tan tach ra tir
\e van de te ngn xa hpi. Khi cdn Idm ndng nghiep
huv'en Binh Chanh S6 cdn lgi la 5 huyen ngogi
thi con cai tham gia vao viec dong an phu giiip cha
thanh: Cii Chi. Hoc Mon, Binh Chanh, Nha Be va
me, hien nay mpt so thanh nien ven dd bd hpc,
Can Gid.
khong CO cdng viec trd nen "nhan cu vi bat thien".

Vimg ^en ^di d^c di^m la .-ung chuven ti^p pha
••( ..) neu khdng co viec ldm, con cdi suot ngay ciit
trdn nhihig y^u t6 khdng gian giua ndng thdn vk do
Ihi. Chung tdi chpn dia ban qugn Binh Tan cho

-- Geographie-.Amenagemenl. UPPA, sous la direction de
Vincent BERDOm.AV, ir 419.


TjP Oi nrtr min mgai, TAP P . sff »4-;DI4
^•
il

•=» liing di choi, a n CO ngay Chung cap ban vdi ke
'^'"
Can hdi duw: dal ra irong b i i cauh dd dli hda nr
phat tai nhiing quan ven dd dd la: Cd phai dien Uch
dat dd Uii (tope md i«ng dli Oanh nien phai ddi mat
voi nhitag Oiach UMC trong iiec fliich ngU vdi didn
kien s6ng mdi? Dd tra ldi can hdi nghien cun fteo,
Chung tti da ti^B hanh khSo sat flnrc li. Vdi phnong
phap dip cjn CO sir Uiam gia, sing va qnan sat tai
dia ban ngUen cou la phudng Bhih Tri Bdng B.
Qnan Bmh Tan. Ngoai ra chung tdi Uwc Win 45
man phdng v i n sau va 304 bang hdi chia den chd
ba nhdm dan o r vdi ba nhdm d i i hrong dugc phdng
vin la ngndi gia (ngoai dd ftrii lao ddng), flianh
nien va ngnin liong do hiii lao ddng (trtr dii nrong
Uianh nien). Bjng phuong phap nghien ciin lieu
nganh ft&i phnong dien xa bdi hoc, tam ly hoc va

dia ly hoc, hi dd Chung tdi cho ra ket qua vi nhiing
Uiich ttnie ma ba nhdm Uianh men ven dd phai dii
mat ftong qua tnnh dd Uii hda.

ftd nen ngheo va gap khd khan ttdng vice diich
nghi vdi cupc sing dd ttn; Nhdm thanh nien Uni hai
ttong nhung gia dmh biit kuih doanh ttd nen kha
gia va nhanh chdng chuyin doi hi boat ddng ndng
nghiep sang hoat ddng phi ndng nghiep Nhdm
ttianh nien tai chd chiu tac ddng ttuc ttip hi SB Uiay
ddi cila mdi ttudng sing ndng Uidn sang dd Un.
Bai viit SB dnng kit qua chmh tir phan ttch dinh
ttnh, va phan ttch dinh lupng nhim la IS va h i sung
cho kit qua dinh dnh. Bai viit vdi nhung npi dnng
chmh ndn len nhimg diach Unic cna ttianh nien
vung ven nhn sau:
• Thach Unic hi SB ttiich nghi vol nhltag flia}-dii
Clia mdi tnrdng xa hpi;
• Thach Unic hi mdi ttudng giao doc gia dmh;
• Game onhne va "sing ttni" - net djc ttung
trong lii sing ttianh nien ven dd;
• cam nhan ttipc te cua ttianll nien ttmdc ba
nhdm dancu;

• Nguyen nhan Clia nhung fliachihlTC.
Nhdm Uianh nien ttiudc nhdm dan cu moi sing
2. Lirec sii nghiln cmi de lii ttianh nien
oong nhitag khn VBC dien ttch ik quy hoach trong
Cilng vdi chil de Uianh nien U hudng nghien cuu
nhOng dir an. Nidm ttianh nien nay sing trong

ve gia tti ya djnh^ hudng gia tti ciia nhdm Uianh
nhitag gia dmh ttmdc tang ldp ttung lun Clia xa hdi,
nien.
S B bien d i i loi sing ciia Uianh nien dang diln
din Kr khn VBC ttung tam TP. HCM hoac d nhitag
ra manh me la kit qua cira qua ttmh dii mdi va phat
thUi thanh khac troiig nudc.
ttiin Clia dil nudc. Ben canh nhung yiu t i Uch qie
Nhdm Uianh niSn ttiu hai Uiudc nhdm dan ttnie
nhn ttnh nang dpng sang tao, dam chin Uach nhiem
ftd, ho len Uieo gia dmh hdac don Uian, song ttong
ca nhan... lii sing ciia Uianh nien Viet Nam hien
tuning khu ttnie ftp. Nhdm Uianh nien nay nghed,
nay cilng dang djt ra nhiiu cau hdi ban Uioan cho
song blng nghe Um nhjl ve chai. ban hang uen xe
cac Uie he di ttudc, Chang han nhu SB ich ky VB Ipi,
day. di ttm mua p h i Beu. ban vc s i va di d Uiue hay
hSnh ddng ttieo sd ttuch, it qnan tam din nhimg
iam ttnie cho nhnng xi nghiep tai nha, la cdng nhan
ngudl xung quanh minh. Lna mil Uianh nien cd djc
ftong nhftng khn cong nghiep. Bdi topng Uianh nien
diim la: hmh ttianh biin topng -cai ldi" cd ttnh he
nhap OI pbong p h i v i hoal dong kinh te. cd nhimg
Oidng;
hinh flanh Uii gidi quan: nay smh cam nhan
nhdm Uianhoiien Unie ftp la ifii hrpug ,5 njm j j 1^j
ve "ttnh chil ngmri ldn" ciia han flian'. Tinh Uiiit
Nhdm Uni ba la nhdm ttianh nidn lai ehd gim hai
Uiuc ttong dinh hudng gia tt| cua ttii he ttd ngay
nhdm: Nhdm Uianh men Uni nhat ttong nhitag gia

nay khdng chi gidi han d nhimg dam bio vi vat
dinh kbdng biil sft dung hop ly s i ttin din bu dat.
chit ma ca nhung ttin bp vi Unh Uik, hoc vin va

HCM. 1997. ir.170.
Tram 57


SCIEIICE 8 l E U I I I l l I V DEVElirMEIIT, Uol 17, •o.Xl-ZIH

la\ nglie"'. The he Ire ciing co \u hirdng dpc lap \di
gia dinli sdm hon Inrdc da>- Van hda \a loi sdng
ciia Ihanh men Viet Nam trong boi canh loan cau
hda \a hpi nhgp quocte' ducc xa> dung tren
ngu\en tac ti^p cdn \ e \an lida, loi song cua thauh
men Viei Nam gdp phan nhan dieii .\ii hirdng bieii
doi trong boi canh loan cau hoa. lipi nliap qudc te
hien na> Viec dinh hucmg gia (ri ciia thanh nien
sinh vien hien naj * ^a co so each tiep can lam !> xa
hpi trong net tam K d$c tnmg \ e dinh hirdng gia Iq
Clia tlianh men hipn na> da phan chia dinli hirdng
gia tn Clia thanh nien tlieo cau true, gia In xa hpi \a
gia tri doi \ dl cupc sdng hang ngay^, Vdi each phan
cilia nhir \d} da chi ra dupc nliieu gia tii da co sy
tiiay ddi so \di Iruydn thong nliir viec coi trpng yeu
to hpc \an, nghe ngluep, coi Upng t\i do ca nhan, it
le thupc vao gido dye gia dinh. Nhirng nghien ciru
tren cho llia>' \ai tro \a tac dpng ciia cac gia Irj bao
gom cd cac gia tri Iruj ^n thong va luen d^ du'di dnh
hirting ciia kinh te tlii tnrdng den the he Ire Viet Nam

hien na\. Cac ngluen cim na\ tap Uung Iam ID nliimg
mat chimg nhat quy dinli su ton tai ciia nlian each va
hogt dpng song ciia thanli mea Dgc biei cac ket qud
ngluen ci'nt Iren da dua ra nio hinli K Uiuygi nghien
cmi djc tnmg djnh hudng gia tri ci'ia thauh men Tuy
nluea cac cdng trinli nglueu cdu tren chu > eu quan
lam Idl he thong gia tn dang dirpc hinh thanh trong
tlianh men chir chira qiimi tam nlugu den cac tae
dpng \k bieu Iiien ciia cac gia Ui tm>en diong trong
Ihaiih men hien nay, Co tli^ noi nhin \ao dang ve
Clia thanh men trong mpl xa hpi la co the bie! dirtjc
luen Irgng cua xd hpi d6^ Thanli men bao gid cung
la luc luong dot pha Irong mdt xa hpi tri ire. la
tiliiriig gi bien dpng nhieu nliai trong inpi xa hpi

' Dd l^ng Dmli hilling gia Ir; va su phal tnen i:ua 1]
1.11 nghiC-n cmi Uioa hot, 2006
Ph^i Hfing Tung, v an hoa ^a 16, song .ua ihanh i,
rsam irong boi canh toin cau hoa va hfii nh3p qii6c le,2010
Do Ngoc HJ, D,nh huong g.a tr, cua ihanh men sinl, v ien hii
i m , hiin an lien sf, 2002
^"i^K" " ' • ! ! ' " ' ' " '"*''"' '> -^'^ '""'S ^ ^ duih huung g,a
vua lh.-inh nicn Wn na> de la, nghian cuu khoa hoc. 200?
Dang Canh khanl,. Xa h6, hoc thanh n,cn Nxb Ch,nh t,
a. Ha Nfii 2006
^n i-h,nn t,
Trang 58

1
dang bien ddng Sir phal Inen cua mdt xd hpi dirpc

do bang cu'dng dp hoat dpng \dn dirpc Igp trung
\ ao cac ngnon hrc Ihanli nien ciia xa lipi do, %-ao
\iec phdt huj strc sang tgo cua tiianh nien va vai tro
cna gia dinli ddi \di ^"iec giao due gia tri tnij-ea,.
though. Nhirng ngliien ciru khdng clu kliang djnh \-ai
iro to ldn trong viec bao Inu, giao dye gia tn tnft-ea
thdng cho tiianli men ma con dua ra mpt so gidi ph^
tang cirdng vai trd ciia gia dinli ddi \di vipc gido due
gia Iri tmyen thong cho Ilianli nien trong di^u kien
iuen nay,
Phdn lu(?c sir nghien ciru cho chung la biet v^
nhirng cdng trinh nghien ciju khoa hpc nh3in vao
CO sd 1> thujet \ e he thong iam nen gia Irj cila
Ihanli men. Chira cd nhung nghien cihi khoa h(jc
ve nhftng thach Ihi'rc cua Ihanh men trong qua
Irinh dd thi hda, nhat la khu vtrc v en dd, cd chSng
la nhftng bai bao vi^t \ e thtrc trgng dau long cila
hgu qua tir do Ihj hoa den sir tha hoa nlian cdch
thanh men, Chiing ta d! b^t gdp hinli dnh Ihanh
nien dja phuong lai nliung khu \uc ven dd song
bang tien ban dal cua gia dinli. Iieu xai phung phi
va trd Igi cupc spng ngliep khdng d^t canh tac,
khong nghe nghiep, dl hinh thdnh nen nhftng nhdm'
te ngn xd hpi'", Nhieu hd uong dan mat dal xa vko
cupc song CO cue Tien den bii dat tn* thanh hi^m
hpa de dpa cupc sdng gia dinh vung ven Id dieu
kipn cho cdc doi tupng la thanii nien Igi ch5 an
choi, cd bgc va trd iMnli doi tirpng tp ngn xd h$i
luc nao khdng haj biet. Mpl so tlianli nien bo hpc
giua chirng va trd uen thdt nghipp" Diem qua mfit

so bao chi viel vk thanh men \en dd, chung ta cd
th^ thdj' nhung ihdng tin va hinh anh ngudi thanh
nien bi tha hoa ve nhan each trong each tiep cgnvd
moi tnrdng song tliay doi hien dgi va day Mcti
thi'rc.

" Dang Canh Khanh, Giu dinh, tre em vi 5(i kl Ihi^a ciic gU tn
ti-uyen thong. N\b Lao dong sa hoi. Ha Ngi. 2003
Tittp I'/w-ww baomo, com,'Bi-chong-hanh-ha-con-quay-]ung-vimieng-dat-huong-hoa,'I39.''B875697epj
"http //tuoitre vn'Nhip-song-tre'444068'1Tianh-nii;n-thaln^iep-ti,E2%80°ogCdanh-bonfi-duone-lana°.E2°/i.80'ip<)Dhtnil,


I
I,

TAI' cal WAT TMEII M g a i , TAP 17, tS «4-2in4

,,
J
,,
J

Bai vici cua nhom lac gja ticn ca sd nghien cihi
khoa hoc da neu Bn duac thuc hang lol song qua
nliOng dien bien Ihlch tu fchjng dinh minh cua
thanh men thupc ba nhom dan cu trong dia ban cu
tm ven do. Nhimg vin nan ttong mol ttnong song
chmeu doi III nong thon len do thj. NhiSng ngmen
nlian dan din nhiing tteu cue ttong thanh nien i-img

J

vea Men tai. Nhom tac gia neu len nhan dinh hi
Ihuc d i n Clia nhihig nguoi gia nhan .\el vS thauh
men lal dia ban diin Cliu. Nhihig ban khoan Clia cac
Mc cha mc nghi v i con em minh \ a each ung pho

gia quy at dinh su dung lieu chi mii thanh min ciia
Lian Hiep Qnic (UNFPA) l i day la lua moi nhom
nghien ciiu nhan Ihiy phu hop vol npi dmig nghien
Clin Clia d i tai. Ngoai la nhom moi nay plian lon
con nam ttong khuon khi quan K cua gia dinh.
nhom luoi d i dang cho \iac khai Ihac thong tin tii
nhihig thach thiic qua su thich nghi vdi moi ttuimg
xa hoi va moi ttudng giao due gia duih ma npi dung
da lai quan lam.

Ngpai tiau chi dp m i l nhpm xa hpi - dan cu
-tlianh nian- cpn cp Iha dupc chia Ihanh cac tiiu
nhom khac nhau. nhu thanh nien Ihanh tiu, thanh
man nong thon (niu lit dja ban cu tni lam Uau chi
phan biet). hat Ihanh nien cong nhan. tiianh niin
hoal dpng djch Ml hoac Uianh nian la hoc smh, sinh
Be tim hiiu IO hon ve doi Onmg nghien cira.
vian (niu liy uen chi nghi nghiep phan biet)..
chiing 161 xin dua la mot so lieu chi v i luii thanh
Ngoai la, cac yiu li khac nhu loc ngutri, ton giao,
nien, tii do xac dinh lira tuoi p h i hop vol muc lieu
gidi lmh, giau • ngheo. cung co Uii dupc coi la
nghien cihi ma chiing loi nham den

ttiu chi de phan biit cac hiu nhom ttong nhom Idn
Hian lai viec .xac dinh luoi Ihanh nien chua duoc
-Ihanh nian" Cai chnng. cai ttiing nhat can ban
Ihong nhil, theo Lual Thanh nien duoc thong qua
nhal Clia "tiianh nien" chinh la tj mii tte, 6 do moi
vao ngay 29/11/2005 tal kj- hop thii i Quic hoi
"Uianh nian" ciia til ca cac Oianh vien Tiong cupc
kh6a XI va duoc Chu tich nuoc cong bo lai lenh s i
dcii Clia moi con nguin till mii Uianh man co y
24/2005/L/CrN ngay 09/12/2005 thi dp tuoi ciia
nghia vo cimg quan ttpng Xel lii goc do tam - sinh
thanh nian la til dii 16 tuoi den 30 moi'-. Tren Ihi
ly till day la giai doan con ngutri chuyen biin tii
gioi, cac nuoc cOng co qay dinh v i dp nioi thanh
mpt dihi tte thanh mpl nguoi Budng thanh vpi su
nien khic nhau: nhiiu nuoc quy dinh Iii 18 din 24
hnan tiiien co tiii ve mat sinh hoc va nhimg chuyen
tuii ho$c 15-24 tuii, root so nudc quy dinh lii 15bien v i lam - sinh ly. Unh cam lal dien hinh ciia
30 luoi, CO nuoc quy dinh mii -ttan" ciia Ihanh men
-mil day till" Xel lii goc dp "con nguiri - xa hpi"
la 29 moi (Tnmg Quoc) hoac 35 luii (Bangladesh).
till tupi Uianh nien chinh la giai doan mij con nguiii
Iham chl toi 40 mii (Malay sia) Nhu viiy c6 thi
chuan bi hanh ttang cho loan bp cupc ddi minh hpc
thay ling dp mii thanh nien con duoc quy dinh lil
vaa nghi nghiep. Uni nghiem t a lua chpn van htia,
khac nhau giiia cac nuoc tten thi gioi. Theo T i
kinh nghiem loi song uan co so dinli hinh dan he
chiic Y te The gidi (WHO) thanh nien tte la Ilia luii
gia tti Clia nang minh Nhin chung luii thanh nhian

19-24 luoi. Chuong ninh Siic khoe sinh san/Sic
la nhom mil - d o n g " . Thanh nian la lira toii Uiich
khie linh due vi thanh nien-thaoh men ciia khoi
"lu khing dinh minh". 6m i p nhiiu udc mo va hoai
Liin minh cbSu Au (EU) va (Juy Dan s i Lien Hiep
bao, ni) nhien day cilng la lua tool dl "sa nga" neu
<3uoc (UNFPA) Uy d« mii ,5,24 m i i " . Nhom tac
nhu khong duoc day do va co dmh hudng tit \i
nghi nghiep mong lal. Trong diiu kien va mii
Clia ho dua tten he thong cac gia tti ma ho dal ra de
bao boc, quan 1; con cai ttuoc nhang cam biy
ngoai xa hoi.
3, Taoi tbanh nien

- Lust ITianli niemd S3 ^OOi QHl 1 Clia Qu6c h6i.
" UNFPA-Lnited KUiata population Fundi, State of world
populauon) 2003


SCIEIICE S TECINILIGy DEKIIPHENT, M !7, IIID.X4-ZD14

iniong song tha} dpi. nliom doi tirgng na\ "choang
iigpp" Inroc iiliftiig \a hoa. \ 6i \ a cua cuoc song do
till, hp thich nglii \0i cugc song moi Iheo hai
hircriig hoac song khep ininh la chap nlign nhirng
gia tri dao diic ini> en thong hoac bi cuon Iheo ddng
c!ia\ cua cugc song do thi \ oi nhihig iha\ doi trong
cliinli ban tiian nliirng dot tirgng tlianli nien ina ho
cho rang la "hien dai" trong nidi tnrgng song do thi
Nhan dinli \ e tlianh men tai dia ban dien cim,

thach thuc thanh men pliai ganh ciuu "Hien nav van
hoa plum anh, cndc song xa hdi idc dong cho nen
thanh men i'lel Xam ding bi anh hirang Tlianh
men vira ra tit trir&iig di ra khoi cong md noi ndng
Ihd IIIC. chu di ddn con gdi chii biet. con be hoc ldp
II thi ban be no aing tmn do thdi. I 'ira ra khoi l&p
id cilia tlie, noi khong gidng ai hit. Md khdng chi
cd con trai. con gdi cimg vdy. nghe nhiiu cdu chu
llidy choang md (. ) Suy nghi ciia bon tre bdy gid
khde lam, khdng bie! ddu md Idn Xd dirpc Iiip can
nlueu thong lm. bdo chi. plum dnh. tir bgn be nd
nen no hoc man lam. minh lain clia ldm me lo ldm
dn Idl ngdy thai giau ddu md kiem i-ori/"'' Mpt
nhan dinli khac cua Co T . phu nu ve huu thupc
iilioni dan igi cho '-Jhanh men cluing no sdng dua
ddi dim bdi, gap dira hiiu biit ngirdi lan noi chiing
nd nghe. dira ndo klidng hieu biii chiing nd chta lai
minh hidn dy chir ( ) Tdi nghi gido due gi&i ire
bdy gid cdn co sir phdi hpp dial die giira gia dmh,
nhd inrdng vd xa hdi di chting nd klidng di lech
dirdiig Tmh traiig Ire chm luc. chin thi xudt luen
rdt nhieu. giai Ire chiing nd hoc cdi xdu nhanh ldm
Do dnh hirang cua phun dnh. Ird choi tren game,
CO dira nghien chai game din mirc chat thdu dem.
ve phong iro khong ai ma cya cho chimg no ngii
ludn iigodi dirdiig Xem phim Hdng Kdng rdi bdt
diirdc bao hrc. di xe mdy Irong cdc con him nhd
> ga diay hdn sdng bdn chii '* Tir nliirilg
1 cua cac m&u phong van cho
nlian diiih neu iron c

Trang GO

tha> sir xuong cap ve nlian each cita mgt so thanh
nien la do sir Iilp can ^ oi moi tnrong s6ng phiic tgp
cna khu virc \ en do Tnrac tinh hinli do. nliSng d6i
tupng la cha in? da lam gi de tninli cho cat ciia h?
nliilm nliirilg miit x5u ngoai xa hgi, Va ngirdi chju
anil hudng trirc tiep tir mdi tntong song phirc tgpv^
tir nliwng ung phd ciia clia m?. sy quan ly cua gia
dinh ddi \di con cai chinli la nhflng d6i tirpng thauh
nien Chiing ta ciing nhau tim hieu nliung thich
thiic cua Ihanli men -v en dd the hi?n qua s\r thich
nglii tir nliung liiay ddi ciia mdi trudng xa hpi, lu
mdi tnrdng giao dye con cai trong gia dinh hay tu
\ tec song chung truoc hdn nliaa
4. NhiiTig (hich thirc ciia thanh nign ven do
4.1.Thjich thirc tir su thich nghi v*i nhihig
thay doi ciia mfli trufrng xa hoi
Cugc song nang dgng trong mdi tmdng dd thj Igo
nhieu co hdi cho nhting thanh nien biet phan dau vi
tv khang dinh minh -Tdi thdy ludt tre bdy gid
sir&ng hem chiing tdi ngdy xira nhiiu ldm. DiC(fc
sdng trong mdi trud-ng ldi lan hon nhiiu. tiip cqn
mpl phirang tipi de ddng han"'''. Tuy nliien mot
tnrdng natig ddng. liign dgi tnang cugc song dd Ihj
cung chinh la con dao hai Iirai dl dira da>' doi Iirgng '
Ihanh men. nhdm ddi tugng thich khjng dinli minh
rgi vao nhirng cgin biy xau ctia xa hgi tni IhSnh
nhirng doi tirgng hu hdng Tir thirc te ciia qua Irinh

dd till hda nlianh va tu plial tgi khu \-vc ven do Igi
dia ban dien cim, niidm tac gia nhgn Ihay,
Qua Irinh dd thj hoa ciia qugn Binli Tan diln ra
tnrdc khi dupc tach ra Iir huy?n Binh Chanh vao
nam 200.1, vdi qua Irinh dd thj hoa tu phat cao, van
de \ e I? nan xa hgi cnng cao. Trong kel qua tra lot
Clia .304 bang hdi khi hdi ve su lo nggi cna hp Irong
mdi Inrdng song hien tgi co den 50,7% Io nggi ve
•van de te nan xa hpi, chiem ti lp cao nhal so vdi su
lo nggi ciia hp vl r^c Iliai (30,5%) liaj nggp lui
(18,8%).


TjP cm PHAT TmEH BlgCN. Tip 17. ill »<-?ni4
Tiong dia ban ijoan, phutmg dian cuu Bmh Tri
Bong B duoc menh danh la "Khn liin Hing Kong"!
Tiin dia b t a quan CP hon 2300 CO so kmh d p a A
djch Ml. quta an. tjuau bm". quta nhjn... cn biin
Men te nan xa hpi tap tmng nhiiu nhat tai khu tuc
ten Ilia va nhiing con duong xuong ca nhu dutm"
so 1, so 5, s i 7". Chiing la d l dtag bil gap nhiiu
doi mpng la thanh nian ca nam va nil ngii -lai iai"
imng nhthig quan nhiiu. Niu nhu la cho d n g liia
moi thanh nien B liia m i l „ M J „ I „ J , ^ J ^ ^.^ ^
mo thi lieu dia b t a qnan ven nhiiu dii topng nong
hia moi nay da va dang phi m i i thauh xuta cua
Utah cho nhimg 'cupc choi". Sdc Hi sieu th, ihiy
may dira cdn „hd. khoang ; j , n , „ - , „,^ ^^ ^^^^
"a Hay phiic lap han kh6ng nhu a qui vl a day cd

nhik qudn nhau. vi nrang. gudn ^a phi am. qudn
game nin hpc smh hay trdn hoc di cdp bd hade di
chai. Chung quanh khu nir, khdng ca sdn eha,
chnng cha bpn rri. khdng ed sdn dd bang hay eha,
the Ihao. edng viin Ihi phai d, ra din vdng quay'
Phli Ldm mm cd nin baa ire Ihuang hav cdp bd dl
chai h,^ a, lap ban bi dial gaite. din vu hirdng md
nai da pliia: h,p lim"". Moi tmimg xa hoi thay dii
vdi nhihig dich vu giii tri khong Itah manh to
nhiing dem game onhne, til hudng. quta nhau,
khach san, nhiing khu vui choi kich thich su 16 m6
va day siic hap d i n
Bing 1. Lo ngai ciia nguoi dan v i moj liuim» son;.
Van de moi
tiudng

Rac

Ngap tut

Tenan
xihai

Whom dan ctr
D ^ tai cho
DSn thue tip
Dancu mdi
Tongio

8.8%

7.4%
14.3%
3a5%

7.9%
8 6%
2.4%
,8.8%

18 6%
15.0%
171%
50.7%

'• T.M T , M l , phoag via rt 4,,«™, ctuS, tejc ri,™ din

(Xgudn: Kit qud xii ly bdng ho, d,iu tra ndm 2012)
Til cupc sing nnng thdn Ien do thi. gia dit ttag
cao, khong lap dupc sta choi cho cac em thanh
men Nhom tac gia quan sat tai d|a bta nhta thay
rang nhiing khota dit uong hay con gpi la "quy
hoach treo" uong ki hoach .vSy dung cong vien da
khong dupc thuc hiin vdi lj do -Chi, dt, dn ehtra
giao ddi cha uy ban nhdn dan qudn vd qudn chtra
giao xudng cha dm phimng Ihiie hten xdy dtmg
edng viin hay khn Ihi Ihao'". Thay vi la san Choi
cong cong. thay vao do la c6 moc khjp uoi Cd
nhimg sta chpi ihi thap dupc Irang bj thi lai la
nhimg san chpi to nhta vap ph41 tra uin. thanh nian
khpng cn diiu kien tiip cta Nhdm thanh man

muon Choi bdng d i ho phai chpn nhihig con dudng
ttong hay nhihig khu tit tting. to giang khung
Ihtah da bdng, nhung khoing dat tting di) lai
ngu) hiim vi khong dupc quy hoach dtah cho vui
chpi ma la dudng luu thong cua xe hay nhihig noi
lap day CO dai vdi nhimg ing tiem ma liiy dupc viit
lai

Nhimg khu dit tting diy cp dai va nhihig ham
php ipi a m la noi thuta loi cho tiac tiem chich ma
Hiy. Moi ttudng sing khpng thuan Ipi cho dii
tupng thanh nian hoc hdi va phat huv mil ui ma
ngupc lai la nhung thach thiic cho viec dip cta va
hinh thtah nhta thiic va htah vi cua dii tupng
thanh nien Nhta each ciia thanh nian vtag veu
dupc hmh thtah to nhihig dip can vol cupc sing
ngoai .xa hpi va vai tto giao due con cai cua gia

CV 1 ^ CllO-

• Pltrae vin 'it CM Hch UBND pi„<,„. n,.i^jt)p„^^^^j^^^
Trang Bi


SCIEHCE & TECHNILIGV DEVEIIPMEHT, M17,

Hn.Xfl-2B14

dinli Sau da\ la thirc trang giao due con cii trong
gia dinli nlidm tac gia thu thap dirac qua ket qua

phong \"an sau \ a bang hoi
4.2. Thach thut tir moi tnrfmg giao due con
cai trong gia dinh
Mdi Inrdng va hpi tha\ ddi Ihi \ai trd cua gia
dinli cang dupc nang cao irong \ i|c giao due con
cai van d^ thach thiic ciia Ihanh men cung co mdt
piian tir each giao due eon cai trong gia dinh, neu
nhir \ iec giao due con cai \"iiiig nong thon cd the
don gian lion cho nhihig bgc clia me la nliirng ngirdi
ndng dan thi trong mdi trudng dd tlii ddi hdi cac
bac cha me phbi cd kien Ihirc, phai nam bat du'pc
nhirng dia\' doi ngoai \a hpi de ket hpp cho \ ifc
giao d(ie con cai dupc liieu qua "Cdc chdu di hoc,
ba me nd dira ddn bdng xe Honda, bay gia day
chdu kho Idm vi a day Bdc thdy tui no tur hong
nhieu. cd dira dam diet nhau vi tranh gidnh ban
gdi. hay hoc smh nir ddnh nhau ding vi Iranh gidnh
b(in Irai f ) . Trong nlid minh ding day bdo mdy
dira nlid diir, nd ndi gi khdng phdi minh chinh no
iieu, noi nd nghe. didu noi sai minh chdn liin "con
khdng dirtp'c nglie theo mdy ngirdi xiiu dd " cdn nhd
de udn. cdy mdng di udn. cdy tre gid khd udn
Trong nha md nghiem khde no cung de chimg
han"''
Viec giao due con cai trong gia dmh phai dupc
lli\rc liien tir nhd Suy ngam \ e vipc giao dye con
cai trong gia dinh mdi tlia)- dupc rSng khi ngudi gia
ed ^ai Ird qu>et dinh trong gia dinh va hp la iam
guong cho con chau noi theo nen van de giao d\ie
con chau irong gia dinh diroc dl dang hon Trong

klui vvc dd Ihl ngucri gia chi \di \ai trd cd van, dng
ba khong cd u k g ndi vdi con chau ma chii yeu la
tnrc liep tir clia me. nlnrng cha me Igi bgn lo kiem
song nen gidi ire sdng Ihco each cua minh Neu nhu
quan mem xua kia la "con hirtai me'M ngabi phn
nir \di \ai ird chain sdc gia dinh \a con cai, gan
gin. nudng chik con cai nen con cai trd nen hir

10 (uo, Ihuoc nhom dan

Trsng IZ

hdng thi cau ndi Iren la diing. Tm- nliien baj gicr
quan mpm do khdng cdn hop fy nua •li vai trd
ngudi phw nfr trong cupc sdng do thj da thaj doi, ca
chdng \a \ p deu phai kiem ti^n de cfii tieu trong gia
dinli Vai trd giao due con cai trong gia dinh hien
tai deu la cua ea eha tan m?.
Trong mpt xa hpi bien chuyen ciia vimg ven tir
eude sdng ndng thon len cupc sdng dd thi vipc giao
due con cai trong gia dinh eang khd khan haa, \i
mdi Irudng xa hpi ban ndng. ban dd phirc tgp vdi
nhieu cam dd x^u cho thanh men: "Tui thdy khi xita
con cdl till cd cdn theo doi gidm sdt gi nhiiu nliu
bdy gid ddu (. ) Chdu toi bdy gia thi cha m? ud
khdng ddm rdi nita budc, di hoc phdi dua di, ddn
ve vi nam ngodi nd hoc ldp 10 ba me nd cho t{rdi
hpc bdng xe dap thi lgi tii tdp bon be di choi Ididng
dl hoc. ddnh nhau Irong lap, kit qua hgc gidm sul,
Cd gido giri thu vi din nhd. Ba m^ nd la cho >n§t

trdn roi kiem kep din gid ludn. Ngdy ndo tin nd b<^
viec khong dua ddn dui?c thi phdi thue xe da dm Id
ngudl quen gdn nhd dua ddn Bdi vpy tui thdy bdy
gid gido difc con cdi thi gia dinh ddng vai trd qum
trqng ldm khdng nhu hdi xira nM, nuoi dgy m^l
dua con nhu bdy gid klid khdn gdp nhiiu ldn Idu
xird"''
Thanh nien ngay nay eo xu the ddc lap va phil
tnen theo trao luu, mpt so thanh men tach Ididi gia
dinh de diam gia vao nlidm bgn clim. Sir kiem soil
Clia gia dinh du cligt che nhimg vln cd nhung liic
con cai lira doi gia dinh de d w c di choi. "Cd m^l
giai doan con trai ldn dia tdi cir ndi vdi tdi Id di
hgc nhdm gdn ddy, cd ldn di ldm vi loi bdt gdp con
trai tdi ngdl ddnh bdi ciing nhieu ngirdi, toi bdo con
ve la cho mdt Iran, bdy gia mdi ldn di ddu tdi phdi
kiem sodt dit ldm, tudi ndy de hu ldm, hay theo btfn
he " , Ton Igi trong nhdm dan cir mdi va dan ctr tgi
chd, cha m? la nhirng ngudi lo di Iam kiem tien,
khdng chu y den con cai hp, nhirng doi tinyng thanli

" N T S , 1 I phdng \ an so 42, ngiroi cao tuoi thu^c nhom din
cu ta, cho
-^P T T N , mill
1 sb 39, ngvai trong Al/ tuSi lao d9ng
thuQc nhom din


TAP CH MAT T«m UVBH. TjP 17, iff X4-2014
^

r,
t
J

n f " ttong nhihig gia dmh nay con cai duoc chu cip
Khi biai con yeu hay- cd nhimg diu hieu hu hong
" ' " " ^ S khdng dupe kiim soaL nhom dii mpng
cha me thutmg lo ling, theo ddi. kiim soal ttong
' ' ' ^ " ' " " * ° " * sin sang tta Uin cho nhihig cupc tui
khi do con cai muin dupc tu do nen buc bpi vi su
chpi tliau dam hoac hi Up cac nhdm ban be va tiau
kiam soal cua cha me Shan duac nhUng lin nhdn
tien. nhom dii lupng nay dl bi ttp thanh nhung lpi
Irong diin Ihaai cua con md Idt nga ngdng eon ldi
pham xa hoi. -Xlid bd ban w, gdn ddy. hai va
men Idp U Ihd, md nhdn lln yiu duong. goi nl,au
^
ehdng gidu Idm nhtmg ei, la Idn, sudi khdng cd lhat
ong
xa. bd xd I'd, nhung tir viil Idl. Idt doe ddi liic
^ gian theo ddi ean cdi. ei, eho „i„ ean tliu xdi bdy
klidng hiiu nd, gdn ddy can Idi hay xw dl cha,
^ gid mdl biil id eon bi nghiin „i„ dm d, ddp dd rdi
nhiiu. edban din nmc nh,a,g Id, cUng lo ldng vi
t- >. Thanh min bdy gid eung cd nhiiu thdnh phdn
khdng biil nd cd tu lap ban be chai bin. bd hoc-'-'.
phiic lap Idm. lui Ihdy l,n nd eha ba chd l„ hodi
khong ddi mn bda him chay xe mdy iodng ngadng:
Cha mc biat to su ngm hiem cua nhung cam dS
Idc nhudm vdng nl,„dm dd. chi cdn ed mol va

nen nhSc nhp. khuyan can nhiiu hic cim doan
ehgn,. mdu thudn „hd Id himg hd nil daa diing bao
nhung cac em nghl mmh da khdn Idn va ttudng
lire di ndi ehuyin phd, qudy'"'. Co phii nhihig
dianh khpng cin su nhic nhd Clia eha me.
nhpm thanh niin tt* thtah nhihig te nan xa h6i la
Cha me thuimg dal gidi han vdi cpn cai. dpi luc
do til mdi tradng giao due con cai trong gia dinh
la nhihig hmh phat lit ha khac nhung khi da vudng
hay dp nhung 'can, dd' ngoai xa hpi. Cha me lp
vap nhiing cam dd ihi lat kho Um lai dupc su
kiem din khong eo thin gian cham soc hay quan
tam den con cai, cd nhihig gia dinh cho tiin con va
Nhihig man Ihuan tten edn .xuat phat til cha me
khong biit con sii dung ding din do nhu thi nao?
chmi the la ban cua con cai d i lang nghe va chia sa
Tien giip eho con cai co diiu kien nip xue vdi
nhihig tam m. nguyen vong ciia eon cai nhat la
nhihig cam do hpn
nhiing dii ttipng thanh nian
M6i ttucmg sing hien dai doi hoi cha me phii co
nhihig kiin thdc nhit djnh ttong vice giao due cpn
cai di Utah nhimg mau thuin cp thi gap nhu sau
Cha me sp con v w n g vao chuyen dnh cim yen
duong ttai gai sdm. game pnluie hay ntag hpn la
hut chich ma niy l i i bd dd viec hpc hanh ttong khi
do Ilia tuii thanh nian lai thich kham pha, 16 md va
thich hep can cai mpi va nhat la thleh khing dinh
minh Mpt si> doi Unrog muon bit chudc ban ba co
ban nai, ban gai sdm, ho3c sing vdi nhan ttudc hdn

n h t a Mpt s i khac lai tim thiy siic manh ttPug thi
gidi 40 btag nhimg tto game onhne, thich thu mot
lin eho biit -ma tiiy la gi?- iij -||i„.. ^ ,.^„ ^^
dd Clia ma rty liic nao khong hay, khong tiin mua
thuoc thi sinh ra te nan xa hpi tt^m cudp, ma niv,
mai diim.

thugc nh6m din cu mou

^

Mat khac mdi ttudng song phuc lap Ming ven dd.
Cha mclo ling nhimg anh hudng xau ngoai xa hpi
tac dpng din con cai mmh Hp uin hanh kiim spat
CPU cai rit chat che. hch di hpc. di chpi. dii ttnwg
giao Iuu vdi ban be... nhung cung khdng d i i - n h i t "
cpn minh mai ttPug nha ma khpng ehp dip xiie
ngpii .va hpi, nhil la khi ca cha va me diu di lam
Ihi lit khd kiem spat cpn minh: 'Con Irai td, khdng
io hoc hdnh ea d, cha, vdt ban bi. khuyen mdi vdn
khdng duac nhd, Id ehdu nd ghiin game ldm. va
citdng Id, cttng bd,, lo d, Idm di him sdng ddt, Ihi
theo dd, TO md, duac. bay gia Ihi lui lui ddnh chiu
cmg khdng bli, qudn ly thi ndo. cling khdng thi
khda eim nhdl con Irang nhd kh, va chdng lot dl
ldm "^^.

''DTP.miuphong,!
thuoc nhom dan cu mm
T.T L , mau phong vi

Ihuoc nhom din ci

so 27. nguoi trong dd hidi lao dong
0. nguoi Irong dd tudi lao (teng

TnaiB3


SCIEHCE & TECIHIIKV DEVELIPWHT, Vol 17, ND.II4-ZII4
Trong nhirng gia dinii Ihiidc nhom dan tai chd.
thanh nien rpi \ao hai tnrdng hpp Iren Trong
nhirng gia dinh cd dieu kien kinh te, hgc thirc, he
thdng gia Iri hp dal ra la "vdn de hgc thuc'. Ngupc
lai Irong nhung gia dinli ma gia tri ciia hp la "sir
hirdng Ihu do sd tien gidu len nhd ddt". hp roi \ ao
tinh trang tliat nghiep, ^ choi leu ldng.
Nhom dan cir mdi fa nhung ddi tupng sdng trong
khu du an. thupc tang ldp trung luu. cupc sdng
khep kin han nhirng ddi tupng khac. Nhdm doi
tiBjtig nay quan ly con cai cua ho cliat che han
nhdm dan Iai ehd va dan thue trp. Hp uu tien tnrdc
nhat \ lpc hpc cho con eai. hiing ngay hp dua con di
\a ddn con \*e, buoi tdi cho con di hpc vd, hpc nhgc
thay \i tham gia vao nhung ttd choi giai tri, den cap
3 thi pliai di hpc them budi loi de bd sung ki^n thiic
cho nhimg mdn thi dai hpc. Nhdm doi tirong nay
kiem soat nhdm ban chai ciia con cai hp, gia tri ma
hp d|t ra cho con cai hp la "ihi dgu dai hpc" Cd
nhieu trudng hpp con cai trong nhirng gia dinh nay
khdng cd lio^c cd rat it ban be, mpt thanh nien

nhdm tac gi^ da phdng van, thupc nhdm dan cu
mdl, em len TP. HCIVf da dupc 10 nam. nhung khi
nh3c ve ban be d day, tr6ng dja ban cu tni em da ti3
Idi "dr day em khdng cd b^n Ihdn. chi la nhung bgn
hgc trong lap Ihdi. cha m? em kiim sodt chgc die
ldm vd hira se cho em ti.r do klu nda em ddu dai
hgc"'. D. song trong gia dinh thupc tang ldp tmng
luu cha me la cdng chuc, hang ngay phSi vao tmng
tam lam vipc, gia dhili nay mua dat va xaj nha
trong khu dan cir quy hogch nay da dupc 10 nam.
Ba me D. Ia hinh ^nh di^n hinh ciia nhirng c$p vp
chong Mt Ian dyng gia dat \-iing ven thap han khu
^^K tnmg tam de mua dat xay nha. Ba me D nhgn
tiiay dupc nhihig nguy hiem \ e te nan xa hpi va s;r
hu hdng cua thanh men ngoai xa hpi nen hp quan ly
kt con cai minh, hang ngay hai vp chong phai thue
ngudi dua ddn con di hpc. Day la each cham sdc
con minh ciia phAn ddng gia dinh lo nggi xi nhfmg

- N T D . mlu phong van s5 18, thai;hm=nlhuQci^

Trang 14

phirc tap ngoai xa hpi \ a dd tranh con cai tg tgp
be
Ngupe lgi ^ di nhfmg doi topng thanh nien In
nhom dan cir mdi, nhdm thanh nifin trong nliasqgi^
khu nha trp thirdng dupfc ty do \ i hp len thanh { d i ^
kiem sdng va cha mp ciia hp d que, hoac neu h p ^
sdng theo gia dinli trong nhiing kliu trp tlii hp ciing

ph^i lo kiem sdng. Gia tq ma cha me d^t la cbo
nhihig ddi tupng thanh nien nay la "'kiim tiin nhdm
cdl then diiu ki^n sdng trong gia dinh". Nh6md6i
tirpng thanii nien nay thudng phai bd hpc sdm vi
nhidu nguyen nhan khac nhau. Vung ven dfl vdi
nhi^u khu thue trp, nhdm thanh nidn nay cd dtiu
kipn de "song thd", phan dong liun viec tgi nhflng,
khu cdng nghiep va trong Unh v^c nghe to- do. Hp
la nhung doi tuong khdng thich cupc song mien qufe
vcn nghe ndng hay chinh nhftng khd khan vl kiiili
te, thifin tai nen hp quyet d(nh len thanh pho 1|BL.
nghifip. Tuy nliien cilng cd nhihig doi turgrng t h d i ^ ^
cdng nhung ciing cd nhiiiig d6i hrpng roi y i i ^
nghien game, trpm cudp, "song tlitf'.
•ff
Nhin chnng viec giAo dye con ck\ dpa tien h^
thong gia trj raa mdi gia dinh djt ra cho con c^ hCh.
Ba nhdm dan cu the hifin cich giao dye con c ^ ^
cung nhu hp dat ra nhirng gia tri khac nhau cho co^i^
cai hp, Tuy nhifin trong mdi tnrdng thay d6i tiil61V
song ndng Ihdn sang loi song dd thj thi giio dye
con eai phai la syr k^t hpp ciia ca gia dinh va xa W-^..
Bang 2. Mdi trudng giao dye con cdi
MT Gido due
con cai
Gia dinh
xahpi

So bing hoi
T^ 1^ phJtni

ddng V
trSm
$2
27%
6
2.0% . .
Gia dinh vaxaihOi
209
68.8%
i
Tong s6
304
100%
(Ngudn. Kit qud xie ly bdng hdi diiu tra ndm201Z
Theo bang kk qua d i ^ tra trfin cho thiy g k 7 0 ^
mlu phdng v ^ cho rang can cd sy k^t btjp cila g
dinh va xa hpi trong giao dye con cai.
4.3. Game online vk "s^ng thfr" - nft dfi,^
t n m g trong ldi song thanh iii£n ven d6
M


TôP CHl HAT min
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4 S.I. Game online - Ihil lieu khiin ciia thanh

Thanh niSn la Ifta tu6i phat Inen ve the chat va
dan dan hoan chinh ve nlian each, i* liia ni6i nav
cac em can din tniimg. lilp can vol cong nghj
tiiong tin. Thai- vi den tmimg, cac em lai lr6n iigc
de •n^ifn'
game, Irt choi game bao luc nhn
Gidnh lai miin ddi hua, Jo Idm tniyin ky. Con
dirdng di vtamg hay Cao bdi khdng glan.. Ioi cu6n
cac em t r t thanh nhimg 'con ngh,in'.
Vl mt ly thuylt, game onlme la mOt tro chm,
nSn c a lthuc Ueu khiln trong cuoc song cong nghiep. Ben
canh do. the gioi game onhne lit cuon hut vi no tao
I ra mot cOng dong van hoa khong bien giiii diy hip
din. Loai hinh gUi tri nay co thi giiip ngucri choi
giao luu, kit ban voi nhung ngucri chui khac. KJii
Uiam gia vao trt choi, nguiri choi co cim giac mmh
Uiuc su vSo cuoc, du9c dong vai cic nhan vat co
tinh cSch djc bill, duoc 14m nhOng cong viec phi
thuimg Cic nhan v | t trong Uil gioi ia cOng c6 dil
bay t6 sir dong c t o viSi cac su kiln xiy ra Uong Uil
giii Uiat Clia game Uni. Viii y nghia do, game onhne
kh6ng dung Iji ft n, each la mol Uo choi giii tri don
Uiuan, ma n6 con li mot u« choi co dnh chil "gay
nghiln'. ICilm soit giir choi game cua con cai v i n
chua 14 mpt giii phip tit mi phii bilt Ii con cii
Choi loai game nio? Co inh hutag den tim ly cUa
UI khdng? Ch| V. fliupe nhom din cu lai cho noi ve

lo ling Clia minh: "Nghe ki nhiiu chuyin lot Ihdy
mdy g,a dinh cd cdn trai mdi Idn diu sa con ehdu
minh chat edc Ird chat Irin mdy tinh md khdng hde
hdnh Hdu nhu nhd ndo cilng sdm mdy linh eho con
hoc vd chai a nhd di minh qudn ly di ddng han.
Chung nd la tiim chai vira ldn liin md lal hu ngirdi
Thdng con Irai Idi nd cUng ehai cde Ird cha, trin
mdy Hnh a nha. MU,h nliin vdo ed biit gi ddu thdy
ehiing nd bin nhau I xio. bdi con hoc nhtiu ihi
cilng Idl nd. cha na gidi lao nhmg minh phdi qudn
ly mdl duac. Cd can Irai mdl ldn sa ehung nd hu
hdng ldm. Ihanh min bdy g,d dua do', nhtiu. nip

B I « C » , TAP 17, i t X44>014

can vd, thi gidi bin ngodi nhtiu. hpc cdi tdt khdng
hoc dihoc cdi xdu chi khd.bame tfidl"^.
Hau hit nhung '•flem internet'" Uen dia ban
nghien euu deu co khach ma doi tuong clu'nh Ii
Uianh nien. Moi ttuwng song Uiay dli til nong Uion
len do Uii, die bill cf nhung khu vuc chuyin tilp
nhu nhiing quan ven flii van de flianh nien flip nhin
nhung Uiay doi ngoai xa hoi Uieo chieu huljng tieu
cue 14 dieu khdng uinh kh6i. Tam su ciia chj V.
cung li tim su cia cac bac lim cha me tai dja bin
diln cuu khi n6i v l van de lo ling Uong giao due
con cai minh.
Nhirng nim gan diy, bio chl, phuong tien fliong
Un dai chung ding tin ve nhihig vu cudp giit, gilt
ngucri ciia nhung doi tinrag Uianh nien, c6 phii

Chang li do hiu qui cia nhOng tin ehoi game bao
luc hmh Uiinh nen nhan cich ciia cic em?
Do Uii hoa giup mang anh sang vin minh den
nhiing viing nong U»n, nguoc lai cung diy ijy
nhung cam biy cho flianh nien, nlu nhu cac em bi
eim sii dung mtemel 6 nhi flii ngoii x i hdi eo
nhiln ti?m inlemet cho cic em Uia h i bd toan Uiiii
gian hoc hinh cua mhih. Ngiy cic em cimg xach
cip din trairag nhung diem din lai khong phii li
tmimg hoc mi li nhiing U|m internet dl choi game
hoic Iniy cjp nhiing ttang 'Veb nong" nhim Ui6a
ehi 16 m6 cia minh. Nen nhu cudc song cila cic em
InnSc kia gin gUi vdi ling xom Uianh bmh, nhihig
tto Choi dan gian hay nhiing san bong tten nhirng
cinh dong Uii gio day cic em lai tilp can vol
intemet nhitng fliudc "phim ndng" ma doi vdi cac
em do 14 dieu bi mat ma eic em muin k h t o phi.
Vin de giio due gidi Unh vjn chua dugc phd biin
cho Uianh nien, la ddi luong le ra cln du(rc chii y
dau tien vl vin de siic khde Unh due dl cic em co
Uie uinh su td md v i nhimg hjn qni xiu cho sue
khde cila minh Dinh cao cila su td md ve quan he
tinh due cudn hut nhilu ddi ttrong Uianh nien ttii
nghiem -sing Uur", nhil li ddi nrong Uianh nien
=" L.T V , mlu phong van sd 20. Irong M QiSj l.o dong ttunc
nhom diin cir lai cho
'

Tnng as

SCIENCE 8 TEtRHILIGV lEVELIPIVEin, Val 17, Na.X4-Zll4

Sy gia tang dan nligp cir thiic day qua trinli dd tin
hoa cao dp tai nhiing qugn \ en nhimg cilng la ganh
nang cho \ an de quan ly. theo ddi \ e \ an de tp n^n
.\a hpi. giai quyei \iec Iam va on dinh ddi sdng dan
nhap cu. Vimg ven dd thu hiit phan ldn dan nhap cu
vi hp de dang tiep can \di dich wx gia re \a Iam
^*ipc tai cac khu cdng nghipp hay nhnng nghe ty do.
Chiing ta de nhgn thay sy dan xen giira nhdm ddi
tirpng la dan cir tai chd \ a dan thue tnj. ton tai trong
khu \-yc na> mpt so doi tupng thanh men la nhirng
le nan xa hdi nhu mai dam, ma niy, hay trgm c^p.
loi dyng khu \'yc \'en dd de dl dang hoat dpng Khu
dan cu Iai chd cd dal va xa>' nha Irp Dac tnmg dan
Ihue tro trong khu y\tz \ea dd song thanh nhihig
khu rieng biel cd ho^c khdng cd sy kiem soat ciia
chu nha trp Mpi so khu \-yc nha Irp khdng cd sy
tlieo doi ha>- quan sat cua chii cho Ihue phdng tnj
thudng pIiuc tap \i nhieu doi tirpng la te nan xa hpi
cu tni tai daj. Nhirng khu \-yc nay cung la dteu kipn
thugn lpi cho thanh nien sdng chung \di nhau tnrdc
hdn nhan hay cdn gpi la -"song thii"", Ngay nay,
"song Uiu" da dupc biet den bdi nhieu ngudi nhung
so ngudl tan thanh roi nhieu vao doi tugng thanh
men (8,9%) hay chap nhgn (75.6%),
Gan 90% la nhihig ngudi gia khdng tan thanh cho
vice 'song Ihu" nhal la nhdm doi tupng ngudi gia
la dan dja phuong. doi %di ho dd la M^C di ngupc

lai \di van hoa. dgo dure ciia ngudi Viei. "Theo tdi
viec sdng vai nhau truoc hdn nhdn ciia thanh nien
lu^n nay nhu vay Id klidng dirac Theo nhu ngirai
mrdc ngodi thi du^rc nlnmg minh Id ngirdi liet
Xam. minh phdi sdng theo van hda cUa ngirai liet
Kam Tdi nghT con gdi md di sdng nlur vdv niu gdp
phd, ngua, khdng cd trdch nhiem thi sau ndy da,

Trang l l

ciia minh se ra sao, nhu vdy met ldm Tdt nhiit n
tim hieu kirdi di den hdn nhdn "'^
Bang 3. Qnan mpm vl "song thir"
Quan
/ Khuven
niem * e /
khich
"song/
diuV
/ Nhom
/dancu
Ngudl Iao
Ngirdi gia
Thanh
men

Chap
nhan

4 9%

31 2%

9 0%

54.9%

0 0%
8 9%

5 4%
75 6%

6 5%
11 1%

88 0%
4 4%

TO MX

ã
1
1

eoootb
7000ằS

J

+

50 M t

ãã

1000ô

IOOO*
lOOOt

Khong

ãIl-f

thue Iro cd dien kien de thuc hien sdng chung •vdi
nliau truoc hdn nhan.
4 3.2 Thanh men viing ven \&i quan mem "song
thu'

—1
MMI 4i LL
Kfiui-fn

ChSp nhj

IhAniv

• Ngi/in
• Nsifh

•Thanh

Khfing

(\giidn, Kel qud xir ly bdng hoi dtiu tra ndm 20121
Nhfmg doi tirpng thanh nien chap nhiin hoJc tan
tlianh \'ipc "song tliilr', ciing cd ngudi khdng cd
dieu ki?n "sdng thii" nhung lgi muon thir moi quan
he nay nhu the n^o \'i sy td md: "Bdy gid thi c6
ngudl yeu la vui rdi, em nghe ndi vi "song thu"
cung thich lam, ding mudn thir ldm nlnmg chua cd
ai ddngy ldm sao sdng chung dirgrc. Trong mdy dira
bgn chai nhac ciing cd dira dang "sdng thir",
nhimg nd lgi khdng ldn Irgng bgn gdi no, hay ki
cho tu, em nghe ve chuydn cua lui nd. cung phik
lap ldm. em nghr niu em cd bgn gdi chju sdng
chung vdl em Ihi em sS thirang bgn gdi do nluiii,
chir khong nhu ban dia em cir ndi nhimg diin


•^
I
»

?
i^

Tjp CHi PHAT TBEIIJfflaCII. TAP 17, gtf 1(4-2014
Ididng tot ve ngutri dang sdng chung v&i minh. O
Sdi Gdn xa que md cd ngum sdng chtmg chdc vut

ldm, nhung niu co sdng chung tnr&c khi lam ddm
cinTT. em khdng ddm noi v&i ba m^ em ddu vi a que
khd ldm. khong cd ung ho em ldm ddm ar&i v&i
nguai timg sdng chung, ba me em cQng Idiong vui
Mdl chung. neu cd sdng chimg phai gilt bi mat va
nhdl Id dimg di co con"^. "Song thir' trong thanh
nien trd nen ram rp nhat la nhdm doi tupng thanh
nien thue trp, la sinh \ien hay cong nhaa Hp la
nhung ngudi s6ng xa gia dinh, xa sy kem kep oia
cha me ^-a thue nha trong nhihig khu trp C d T mlu
phdng van so 1 cung la chii nha Up cho b i ^ : " ^
mp/ so ddy phdng trg gdn ddy cd tdn tai tinh trgng
thanh niin "sdng thu" rdi cdi lpn nhau ( ) . Co
nhieu phdng cd thdy chiing nd tu din & v&i nhau rdt
mua trdi cay vi m&i bgn be vi td chtic liin hoan
dam cudi nhung du^c mdy ngdy smi Id cdi lon mdi
dua di & mpt noT. Gan d%- co nhimg bai vik nhu
'"Mi dau xe long'' noi ve h|u qua ciia \ iec "song
thii" de njng len vai ngudi phy n& \i quan niem
trinh ti^l vln cdn quan trpng vSn hda A Dong nhat
Ii d nh&ng viing nong thdn Viet Nam. Cupc song
chujen doi tir nong thdn Ign do thj nhu nhirng viing
ven do thi quan niem tren vln ctara thay doi hoan
t o ^ vai trd gia tnidmg cua nam gidi vln cdn ton
t^i, chinh sach xa hpi chua cd ho tn? cho phy nu
mang thai va sinh COD nhu d cac nudc phal trien va
vi nhieu Ii do khac. Ngudi phy nu phdi ganh chiu
het nhihig hju qud trong cupc "song thir".
Giao dye gioi tinh v l n con chira dupc pho bien.
thanh nien chua cd dupc sy phdng ve ve sire khod

tinh dye va sinh sdn, nhung sp td md va kera hieu
biet da din cac em den nhung hgu qua n$ng ne.
Nhieu ngudi "sing ttai" phdi nhieu ian ngo phd thai
dl din den vo sinh, hoac nhieu tmdng hpp sinh
viln "song ltai" phai bd hpc giiia chung \i '"Id" cd
coa Nhin thyc le hien nay thi sinh vien "song thu"
cung Id chu>an binh thudng doi vdi ngudi tiong

tg ^ ^ so 2. Ifaaoh niai nbom di

cupc nhung lgi di ngupc lgi vdi van de dgp Aire. Vi
\gy, can phai co sy thay doi trong quan diem vk
each nghr tieu cyc trong "song thu'". Nhin chung
chiing ta chi th^- Arpc nBrc dp "song thu" trong
thanh nien nga>- cang cao do nhidu ngujen nhdn ^-a
an chira ddng sau van dd "sdng tlnr" Id cd mpl hgu
qud tat yiu xdy ra nliat la cho p l ^ nft.
4A. Cam nhan thuc te caa tbanh nien thupc ba
Dbom dan o r
Tli nhimg thdch thiic ghi nhgn dupc tir tndi
tnidng gia dinh vd xS hpi, nhit la van dd chung
song (nrdt: hdn nhan. Chiing ta di tim hieu cdm
nhgn thyc tk ciia thanh nien thudc ba nhdm ddn cu
khi hp sdng va thay doi frong mdi trucmg chuyen
doi tir nong thdn len do thj ciia khu vyc ven dd.
4.4.1. Thanh nien thugc nh&m ddn cu tgi chd
Nhin tir bdn than nhdm doi tupng thanh nidn nghT
nhu the ndo trong qud trinh chuyen doi cupc song
lir ndng thdn len dd thj. K., mdt thanh nien dja
phuong khi ndi ve bdn than minh va ndi ve thanh

men tgi dja ban minh cu tm "Ngdy tru&c em cdn
nhd em hu ldm. Idm dio ba m^ lo ldng, trong nhd
^cSng chdn, liic do em biit nhung md bgn be rii chat
minh khdng di tbi ki, md nho em chua suy nghT
du^c nhiiu, sau di ldm rdi m&i ihdy thirang ba m?,
gid chi cd lo cho con em, no cdn nhd nhd em cSng
s^ ldm. Chi thay dd tre em thdnh phd phdt triin
s&m ldm, nhieu Idii no ldm nhiing vi^c minh Ididng
ngd din, cd ngdy nd di ddn ba me ddu cd biit, nd
cu bdo di hgc di hgc minh cQng tin thdi"^\ Qua
nhan dinh ciia K. chiing ta thay can xay dyng cho
thanh nien mpt nen tang ve nhgn thirc va hieu bilt
ve nhung phiic tgp ngoai xa hpi, nhat Id nhung vimg
ven dd thu hut nhieu doi hrpng la ddn nhgp cu.
K. cho rang tuoi thimh nien la tuoi khd kiera soal.
Bong mdi tnrdi^ sdng tha>- ddi, didu ki^n tidp xuc
vdi cdng nghe thdng tin eg the la intemet vdi van
de game online hm- ly t ^ nhftng nhdm bgn be x ^
vd trd nen hu hdng. Doi ftrpng thanh nien Id nhdm
' H.D KL. mau ph«is \Sn 11. thanii men thuSc nhom dan n

TpiBg87


SCIEIICE a T E C m i K T lEreilPHEIlT, Vol 17, lla.X4-2ll4

nang ddng nhung cii bi "nhdt" \-ao trong nha sau
gid hpc. khdng cd san choi the thao hay nhimg hogt
dpng phat trien thd chat. Ban than la mdt thanh nien
sdng \ a ldn Ien lgi manh dat vdi nhieu sy chuyen

ddi \ a K. la ngudi bj tac dpng tryc nep tii sy
chuyen ddi nay. Khoa khdng rcn \-ao tinh trgng hu
hdng nhu nhung gia dinh ban ddt cd den cho con
tieu xai, an chm, K. dai co gdng Iim cho rainh mpt
cdng \-iec la mpt chan bao v^ tai khu pbd de khdng
bi that nghiep Tir dd cho thdy mdi tiudng song dd
thi ddi hdi thanh nien phdi nSng dpng \-a c6 gdng
nhieu hon de tim thay mdt cdng viec tot cho minh.
Thanh nien nhgp cu cd thd chip nhgn Iam cdng
nhan nhung thanh nien tgi chd thi khdng hai Idng
vdi cdng vipc dd vi doi vai hp \-iec ndng nhung
luong igi thap. hp thich iam dich \-y, budn ban hogc
nhan \ien \an phdng. Chinh v\ \gy, cd tinh trgng
cac nha may xi nghipp vimg %en thieu nhan lyc
nhung dan tgi chd thi that nghipp. "Thdng clidu dia
till dang thdt nghiep, kieu nd ddng ky ldm Irong kliu
cong nghiep Ponchen nhung nd ddu cd chiu ldm. nd
che hrang thdp, nd ddi mo qudn nhau nhimg gia
dinh lui thi ddu cd tiin cho no md nen din gid nd
vdn cdn ndm nhd"^-. Mdi trudng song dd thi nang
dpng ddi hdi thanh nifin ciing phdi ndng dpng. dii la
dan tgi chd nhu K hay chau ciia chu L hay nhi^u
doi hipng thanh men tai chd khac. Nhin nhgn cupc
song ndng dpng cd le ai cQng nhin thay, nhit la the
hien qua each nhin ciia thanh nien nhgp cu tir nong
thdn ien-dd thj
4 4.2. Thanh men thugc nhdm ddn nhgp cu
H - mpt thanh nien den tir mpt \iiag que lam
ndng ngheo vd ludn d6i dipn ^m vln d^ thien tai
len thanh ph6 H dupc s6ng va lam ^lec tgi mdi

^oug ndng dpng. H ludn cdm thiv hai long -Nhin
Chung em vdn thich cudc sdng a ddy hon duai que
Vi a day x-ui ban vd cd ca hgi di ddn ca. a que ihi
buon lam. xung quanh nhd todn Id rugng khdng hd
khong dn do nhgn nhip nhu d ddy. sdng iren ndy em

ding Ihiiy minh ndng dgng han" H. Ien Sai Gdn
phy vdi chii cho thue am thanh \ a td chiic "xd" am
nhgc cho chuong trinh dam tipc. Hodng ban ngay di
lam va ban dem di hpc them vh am nhgc dd cd the
Iam vipc dpc lap vd khdng phy thupc ^-ao chii. Mdi
trudng song dd thi tao didu kipn cho H. phat huy
dupc hioi trd hpc hdi va khdng dinh minh blng
cdng vifc "d que khdng lim duvc vtec ldm thich
hap nen em quyet dinh lin Sdi Gdn v&i chu, d day
cd nhieu ccr hdi di kiim liin vd hoc nghi han".
Khong rieng vi tnidng hpp cua H , cupc song cdng
nghipp tgi nhihig thdnh pho ldn la lyc hiit cho hau
het nhimg thanh nien ndng thdn khdng muon lam
ndng nghifp va tranh nhihig thien tai khdng mang
lgi dieu klpn cho hp kiem vipc lam va thu nhgp
Cupc song dd tlij cung lam cho H. id md va thich
thli nhihig cai mdi "0 ddy em thich ldm gi thi ldm,
ba me kliong kiim soal nhu a que, & v&i chU, chi
ding cho tu do han. Chi nhin ne em m&i xdm cdi
hinh ndy Iren tay xdm lgm thai thdt. vi que thi phdi
xod lien vi niu khdng ma me sg la du ldm. d qui ma
thdy xdm minh Id niQi ngudi bdo Id hirhdng. nhmg
d ddy thi binh thu&ng thdi. em thdy mdy dita bgn
em cung xdm minh. xdm cho vui vdy thdi'. Khdng

bl sy kiem sodt ciia gia dinh H. thii -'xdm hinh Irin
ngirdi" H. cdn mu6n thu "sdng thir" nhung cOng
cd nhung cam dd ngoai xa hpi H. cd the nhgn thiic
dupc de khdng bi lam vao te ngn xS hpi Ve game
onhne cftng vgy "Mdc dii klidng thirong xuyen chai
game nhung em vdn biil doi chut vi game. Biil cd
cdng vien Phu Ldm la chd choi nhung it khi ra
ngodi do chai. vi chai cdi dd ghiin ldm. phdi cd
nhiiu ihdl gian. nhdl la game "Vd ldm truyin ky"
em cd mdy dua bgn ddng huang cSng lin ddy di
lam md bl ghien game nin Idm bao nhieu tiin cOng
chai game hil, cd khi d lgi dim di chen, ngudi gdy
hdn luon. ien sdi gdn md cdn li hmi liic a qui Em
Ihdy vgy nen khdng gidm chai vi sa b/ ghiin nhu tyi
no". H CO nhftng udc mo vd hoai bao trong cdng
^ iec \ a biet phan dau cho hioi thanh nien ciia minh.
Dieu Iam H cdm thiy hdi Idng trong cupc song do
thi la dupc ty do, khong bj kem kpp ciia gia dinh.


ur cm HAT TWEN mgcii, i/ip 17. lO X M O H
I
,
I
I
1

i J . J Thanh nlin lh„dc nhdm ddn cumd,
NguiTC Iai v6i sir nr do Clia H la tmong hop bi
gia dinh kiim soat ciia D. nhu da phan tich trong

phan thach thuc tit moi ttuimg giao doc con cai
Hang ngaj B. gianh hit thai gian cho vice hoc-Em dl hae Slid, klidng cd Ih&l gian nghi nga,. Idt
vi em cdn di hoe Ihem vl ndn, mr, phd, Ih, da, hoc
rdt nen em phat luyln Ihi nhiiu lim. em chi nghi
dtVC ngdy chu nhdl nhung a ddy khdng ed sdn chat
thi Ihao em chi biil a alid Iln truy cap internet ( )
Vl chuyen quan hi nam ni, em eUng hdi ba nhung
bd em chi noi vdi em id dimg nin quan hi truac Mn
kel hdn vi de cd ean. em vdi ba eUng ngqi ndi vi
chuyin dd nin em Hf tim hiiu vi vdn di guan hi
linh due trin mang".
D. pliii s6ng theo su quto ly chjt chg ciia cha m?
va Bong khuon kh6 nguyen tJc s6ng ciia gia dinh
nhung em ttong do m6i mcJi ldn khao khat duoc
Uep cto vdi \k sSng 'hiin dot' cua mSt s6 nhom
Ihanh nien nhu quan niem vk "sdng thi," hay
nhltag td mo vi van de quan he ttnh due. "Em cung
thieh ed ban gdi vd Ihu "sdng Ihi," nhmg em chua
dau ddt hae thi chaa cd ban diufc. v&l lal ba me
khdng eho em ra ngodi Ihui nhd a vdt ban gdi em
ddu". KM B. ke vk nhiing ngudi ban cung ldp hoc,
m«t so khong xem ttpng vice hoc va tu bd hoc di
tim thli vui tiong vH Uudng. khach san hay nhihig
tiem game online. "Trong lap ctta em nhtiu ban bd
gid hae di vai bd vdo vS Irudng hay khdeh san.
eSng vdng mat llmdng xuyin ldm. Ban L Irong ldp
nhil gidu Idm. ban dy cd nhiiu nin cdn Ihi, nta liy
ntkt. em khuyin ban md ban cung ddu ed nghe ddu.
em eilng khdng biil ba me ban ed biil klidng? Tu,
ban em ki nhiiu ihi, idm. vdo vS inmig udng ihudc

idc sl Ihdy himg phdn ISm. nghe vdy lltdtehiiem ed
thi, bao gta ddu". D. it dudc la ngoai va giao du vdi
ban be vl em chiu si kiem kep ciia gia dinh "Ba me
em dim dl ddn vl him sddt gid hoe eiia em chdi
chi Idm. ba em aing ndi hodi, ndm nay Id nam eudi
cdp quan Irang ldm vi nd quyil dinh cd eong vifc
ei,a em sau ndy".

Ba ddi hrpng ttianh nien ben khdng ttong doi
hrong la te nan xa hdi nhung nghe ho ndi vd ban be
va nhiing thanh nien xung quanh ho dc Uiiy hai mat
cua xa hdi va su can thidt cd mdt san chdi lanh
manh de cac em phat huy duoc mdi Be va nhit la
giai quyet dude nhimg "mn md" ve quan niem dnh
dye dd cac em khdng bi din sau vao nhiing td md
nay den nhinig td md khac. Trong mdi ttudng song
Bep can vdl Uiong ttn chimg ta khdng Uie liy gi4 ni
tmyen Uidng de khnng che su Id md ciia cac em.
Nlia ttudng va gia dmh cin cd,su ket hop chjt cha
de "giao huan- cho cdc em*ne thanii nhiing dianh
mdn tot.
^ Hien tai, Doan thanh nien ciia cac phudng cOng
td chuc nhiing buii smh hoat tap Oii chung nhung
dd khong phii la san choi Uiudng xuyin ma cac em
cin di phat tnin vi mat Oii chit, ma la noi hop mat
vao nhiing dip djc bi?t Bay la san chdi cda phin
nhd doi^ hrong Uianh nien tt«n dja bin, roi vjo
nhdm doi Brong la Uianh nien tai chd hoSc dim cu
mdi, nhdm doi Brong la dan Uiu6 Bo lai khdng cd
dieu kien de Bep cin.

5. Nguyen nhin d i n den nhihig Ihich thdc cua
thanh ni£n ven dd
Quan ven la dai ban chujen doi giua ndng Uidn
len dd Uij vl CO bin dnh chit ndng Uidn, tmyin
Uiong van cdn in djm trong l i , sing cua ngudi dan
Trong diiu kien sing li dd dij bit buoc ngudi din
phil thich nghi vd, mdi Buong sing md, din din
nhiing vin de lech lac Bong suy nghl vi hinh vi
Thanii nien ven dd cung thi, hoac ho se khep nunh
lai va chip nhan nhitag gia nj nuyin Uiing hay se
Uiay ddi de dip cin cudc sing hien dai. Nhiing diiu
kien khich quan nhu Ben bii Uiudng dal hay nhimg
dich vu an choi khdng linh manh li nguyen nhan
Uianh nien van Uiin v io nhimg cudc in chdi quen
di su phan dau cua mil tie.
Nhitag diim giii Ui tap dli nhu san choi Uii thao
cdng Men vin cdn Uiilu ttong khi dit tting chua
thuc hten cua nhimg du an quy hoach cdn nhiiu
Khong cd san choi Uii diao cho Uianh men, Uianh
Trang BB


SGEmS ft TEHRILIEV lEVELIPKRT, Kll 17, •D.»4-2IH
nien it cd didu kipn tiep cgn vdi nhfing phong trdo
gidi tri lanh mgnh nhit Id tbanh nien n h ^ cu.
Tp ngn xa hpi, nhung md hinh kinh doanh bat
hpp phdp chua dupc qudn ^ chgt cbg Id dieu kipn
cho sy tiep cgn ciia thanh nien vdi tf ngn xa hpi
Gido dye gidi tinh cdn chua dupc quan tam diing
miic trong mdi trudng hpc dudng, kich thich sy td

md Clia nhdm doi tupng thanh nifn va hgu qud ciia
vifc "song thft".
Mdi tnrdng thue tip pho bien ir khu vyc ven dd la
dieu kifn cho idiftng c^ip ddi song tnrdc hdn nhan.
VSn hda phy hf ciing vdi quan nifm tmyen thoi^
ve "trinh tiit" tgo nfn nhftng bat binh ddng ve gidi
trong thanh nifn, ngudi phy nft ludn chju thift thdi
vd hdu qak ngng ne nhit sau nhung cupc "song
thu".
Vai trd gia dinh chua kel hpp dupc vdi mdi
trudng xd hpi ciia nhdm doi tupng la thanh nifn
thudc nhdm ddn cu mdi vd thanh nifn tgi chd, do sy
lo sp con cdi bj nhifm nhftng thdi xau ngodi xa hpi,
gia dinh van trfn quan nifm trdi bupe con cdi hp
trong khudn kho gja dinh, lam thanh nifn khd phat
hay dupc ti^m ndng tuoi tiif cua minh va hpc hdi
nhieu dilu hay ngodi xd hpi.
6. Ket luSn
Trong tham lugn ndy tac gid bdi viet quan tdm
den nhung thdch thuc cua Uianh nifn vung ven
fliudc ba nhdm dan cu gom dan tgi chd, ddn thuf tip
vd ddn cu mdi. Qua trinh dd thj hda Id xu the tat
yeu, hiy nhifn nd cung ton tai nhieu "tdc dgng xdu"
dkn thanh nifn. Khu vyc ven dd Id noi cd qua trinh
chuyen bien mgnh tu ndng thdn Ifn dd thj, nhftng

TriQ7l

dnh hudng xau dfn tang ldp thanh nifo ]k (Ktej
khdng thf tranh khdi. Nhdm tac gid phdn tich ( ^

ung phd cua cua mdi gia dinh thupc ba nhdm
cu tren cho ve van de giao dye con cai. Lifa
phap ki^ra cgp con cai nhu tnrdng hpp cha m? dgj^
D. cd phdi Id giai phap tdi uu vd bSn vihig d^ thatdftK'
nien phat tri^n todn difn ve nhan each, phat hyy l d i 4 j ^ !
nang hpc hdi, thich nghi cupc s6ng ngodi xd hpL Oi^;?'
nfn chang gia dinh chip nh^n moi tnidng song &^^ ^ii
doi, gidi thich cho con cdi hieu dupc ddu Id t6t, diu. >~:
Id xau vd ddc bift quan tam den tdm tu tinh cdm vi
nguyfn vpng cfta con cdi. Ngodi ra, chinh quyin (&
phuang cln tgo nhftng san choi Idnh mgnh, sdn choi
thi thao cho nhdm d6i tuQrng ndy de xu hudng (t&
thi hda tat yeu khdng cdn Id thdch thuc cho nhiSta^^^
thanh nien. Gia dinh vd xd hpi d n cd nhfbig b i ^ ''
phdp tich cyc 6k gido dye todn difn nhdn cdc]
thanh nifn.
Nhdm tac gid phdn tich nhftng cdm nh^n
Clia thanh nien thupc ba nhom ddn cu, Bdi
ludn dya trfn vifc phdn tieh liii qud phdng vln s^,
bdng hdi vd quan sdt tr\rc tiep tgi dja bdn n g U ^ l 3 |
ciru. Tuy nhien, nhdm tdc gid chua nfu Ifn dum •
phan'dy bao cho thanh nien ven dd. Nhdm tdo gid
sS tiep tyc nhftng dy bdo trong phin nghifn ciru id^
tilp tu ket qud phan tich thyc trgng tiianh nifn v a i ' -»
do, nhihig chinh sach hipn tgi ciia chlnh q u y ^ 6^
phuong vd nhirng mong dpi cua thanh niea Tli&i
gian dy bdo flieo de dn quy hogch xay dyng TP, HS
Chi Minh den ndm 2025, tix)ng dd cd Binh Tdn Id
rapt trong sau qugn mdi hifn hftu ndm trong vfing
phdt trien cfta TP. H 6 Chi Minh din ndm 2025".

Sai gon giji phong online, do an quy hoacli xiy dimg chung
Thanh pho Ha Chi Muth din nim 2Q25,lfaa In 26/10/2011

i


T j P CHl fHAT TBIEW KHgCM, TAP 17, Sff X4-2014

Some challenges for the youth
in suburban areas of Ho Chl Minh City
Case study in Binh Tan district
Ngo Thi Thu Trang
Chau Thi Thu Thuy
UmVeisity of Social Sciences and Humanities, VNU-HCIM

ABSTRACT:
Urbanization Is an Inevitable trend of
tievehping
countries.
Urbanization
process is going on in Vietnam, especially in
Ha Noloapital and Ho Chi Uinh City. Ho Chi
Minh City attracted the majority of ffie youth
from provinces to come and vmrk in industrial
zones, export processing zones located In
suburban areas (of the City). The population
growth along with Ihe Increased demand for
services did pmmote the expansion of urban
land. Fast urban space expansion has posed a

lot of challenges for young people especially in
tenns of lifestyle. Will these youth be
susceptible to the bad side of society in the
transition Irom rural to urban areas? The

author has chosen to study the area of Binh
Tan District in Ho Chi Minh City wheie high
spontaneous
urbanization
takes
place.
Through Held observations,
the
author
obsen/ed life in Ihe studied area whth was
Binh Tri Dong B Ward, Bmh Tan District with
the Implementation of in-depth interviews lor
45 subjects in three population groups under
study such as' local people, new residents and
immigrants. By method of interdisciplinary
research in tenns of sociology and geography,
the author found out some challenges that the
youth face in the process of suburban
urbanization.

Keywords: Urtianization, lifestyle, suburban, challenge, the youth
TAI LIEU THAM K H A O
T^agViH

dl. Cao Van Dinh, Giao due loi song cho thanii

nien do thj hicn nav. Tap chi Sinh host 1)
luan. s6 2, 2000,
12]. Duong Tir Bara,Binh hirong gia tri ciia thanh
nien sinh vien uong sir nghiep dOi moi o niroc
ta hien nay. Luan an lien si Tri^t hoc, 1996
[-1], Bo Ngoc Ha, Bjnh hirong gia ui cua thanh
nien sinh \ ien hien naj, luan an tign si, 2002

0 6 Ngoc Ha, Mot so net fam ly dac tnmg A e
dmh huong gia tn cUa tlianh men hien nay, de
tai nghien cim khoa hoc, 2006.
Le Nhu Hoa , Loi song trong dtri song do thi
hien nay. Nha xait ban Van hoa Thong tin.
Ha Noi, 1993
Le Huong. Mot s6 net tam ly dac tnmg cUa
lira hiOi thanh men, d4 tai nghien cim khoa
hoc 2006.

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ft TECBHUI lEVEtlPMEir, VH 17, HaJKn^
[7]

Dgng Canh Khanh, Gia dinh, tie em va syt ke
[16]. Tran Xuan Vinh, Sv bien doi mgt sp gia t^a
thira cac gia tri tiuyhn thong, N.xb Lao dpng
ban Clia thanh nien Vipl Nam hipn na;-. T^qj d
xahpi. Ha Npi, 2003.
Triethpc.s6 1/1995.

[8]. D ^ Cdnh Khanh, Xa hdi bpc thanh nien,
[17]. Ld Van Nam va nhom tic gii, Ndng
Nxb Chinh trj quoc gia. Ha Npi, 2006.
ngogi tlianh TP. HCM trong ti^n trinh dd thj
[9], Trin Kieu, Thyc trgng va giai phap giao dgc
hda Nxb T6nghppTp. HCM, 1997,170p.
dgo dftc, tu tudng chinh tri, ldi song cho thanh
Tieog nu^c n g o ^
nien hgc sinh, sinh vien trong chien lirpc phat
[I]. Cavalli, Alessandro
Olivier GallaiKJ,
trien toan dien con ngudi Vipt Nam ttong thdi
L'allongement de la jeuiKsse, Poitiers, Actes
k>- CNH, HDH dat nudc, de tai nghien eftu
Sud, 1993,222 p
khoa hpc, 2001.
[2]. Terry Mc Gee, Revisingling the luban fringe;
[iOJ. Dd Long, Djnh hudng gia fri va s\r phat triln
Reassessing the ChaUenges of the Mggacfta the hp tr6, d^ tai nghien eftu khoa hpe,
Urbanization process in Southeast Asia,,
2006.
University of British Columbia, Vancouver,
[U]. Thai D i ^ Tuyen, Tim hieu djnh hudng gii tri
Canada, 2008.
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Third World Planning Review. 3;353-277,
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tri cua thanh nien Vi?l Nam trong di^u kien
[4]. Galland, Olivier, Sociologie de la j e u n e ^ j
kinh t^ thj tnrdng,tgp chi Triet hpc, so 1/1995.
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[5]. Jacque Levy et Michel Lussaut, DicUonnailB""
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[15] Phgm van Uynh, Thuc trang thanh nien tinh
de rarrondissement Binh TSn, Thdse de
Ca mau, nMmg g i i phap va chinh sach can
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thiet Clia thanh nien UUPC yen clu phat trien
direction de Vincent BERDOULAY, 4I9p.
kinh te-xa hpi, thang 7 n5m 2010.
Tai li^u Internet

SStrmvZ'""'^'"'^"'"**"""^'"'-'""^^^^^^^

S^2«CC"'"'^"*''''"-^=°-'^'-"^"^^^^^^^^

[3], http.//«mv unfpa oig/swp/2003/enghsh/chl/index.htm

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