Một số ứng dụng của tâm lý học trong các lĩnh vực của đời sống

TAP CHl KHOA HQC, TRtTdNG BAl HQC H 6 N G B d c - SO BAC BIgT (S. 2017)

M O T S O ITNG D U N G C U A T A M L Y H Q C
T R O N G C A C L I N H VlTC C U A DCfl SONG
Le Tuyet Mai'

TOM TAT

Trong xd hgi hien dai, Tdm ly hoe ngdy cdng dugc phdl tnin vd iing dung rgng
rdi vdo cdc link vue khdc nhau nhu- Trong lao ddng, khdm vd diiu tn cho ngudi binh, Irong
marketing, trong nghi thuat Khoa hgc Tdm ly ddng vai trd hu&ng ddn vd phuc vu cugc
sdng con ngu&i. Viec nghiin cifw vd img dung nhirng hin thirc cua Tdm ly hoc vdo cdc linh
vyc cua cuoc sdng segiup cho con n^ai thuc kien hogt dgng mot cdch cd hieu qud.
Tir khoa: Tdm ly hpc. ung dyng.
1. DATVANDE
Nam 1879 Wundl thanh lap phdng thyc nghiem Tam ly hgc diu lien h-en thi
gidl. Sy kien nay danh diu mdc trudng thinh day dii cua mdt chuygn nghdnh khoa hoe
mdl dd Id Khoa hgc Tam ly, Chinh vi le dd ma cic nhi khoa hgc Tdm ly Idy do Id cgt
mdc dinh dau sy ra ddi cua Tdm ly hoc vdi tu cich Id mdt khoa hgc dgc Igp,
Tam ly hgc nghien cuu bin chat hoat dgng ciia lam ly, cic quy luat nay sinh, phil
ttign cua tom ly, ca che dien bien va the hien tom ly, quy luat ve mdi quan hg giua cac
hien tugng tom ly... cda con ngudi ttong ddi sdng xa hdi, Td khi ttd thanh khoa hgc
dgc lap cho din nay Tim ly hgc di sdu vdo mgi ITnh vyc cua ddi sdng, tti kinh te, chinh
tri, xa hpi, van hda, giao due, y le, thi thao.. Su cd mgt ciia Khoa hoc Tdm iy vdo
ttong cac ITnh vyc cua ddi sdng xa hoi dd minh chdng cho vai ttd to Idn cua Tdm ly
hgc ttong ddi sdng cua con ngudi.
2. NOI DUNG NGHIEN CUU
Cac nha khoa hgc nhan dinh ring, ihl ky XXI id ihl ky ciia Tdm ly hgc bdi ttong
xa hdi hign dai Tam ly hgc ngay cdng dugc phat tnln vd img dyng rgng rai, d dau eo
mdi quan hg gida con ngudi vdi con ngydi, giua con ngudi vdi tu nhien, giu:a con
ngudi vdi may mdc li d dd cd Tdm ly hgc

2.1. Vai trd cua dng dyng Tim l;y hoc trong eic linh virc ciia ddi song
Viec ung dung Tam ly hgc vdo trong cdc ITnh vuc khdc nhau cua ddi sdng cd vai
ttd ril quan ttong.
; Qiang nen khoa Tdm ly - Gidii due. Trudng Dm hpc Hdng Diic


^ _ ^ _

TAP CHi KHOA HQC. TRITQNG BAl HQC H 6 N G BtTC - S6 BAC BIgT (5, 2017)

Ddi sdng ldm ly cua con ngudi rat da dang va phdc tgp. Chinh vi vay, nhdng tti
Ihdc cua Tam ly hgc se giiip cae cac nhd giio due, nhd qudn ly, cic bdc sT,.. cd thi hilu
duge ddi song ldm ly ciia con ngudi frong qua trinh thyc hien hogt dong nghi nghiep
ciia minh nhu; Hieu dugc (hdi do, nhu cau, dgng co, y chi, thdi quen, ddi sdng tinh
cam , dettidd dua ra cac bien phdp ldc ddng dgn con ngudi mgt cdch hgp ly.
Tao ra mdi quan hi tdt dep giUa ngu&i v&i ngu&i irong xd hgi - Cac mdi quan he
ca nhan lanh mgnh cd tac dung nen mdi quan he ianh mgnh trong tap thg Cdc mdi
quan he ca nhan dugc xiy dyng dya frgn su hieu biet, sy Ihdng cim Idn nhau va dya
Iren nhiing muc tigu chung ciia tap the, Cd the noi de xay dyng duge cac mdi quan h?
ca nhdn tdt dep gida ngudi vdi ngudi tren nguyen toe co ban, Cdi md, tdn frgng, chan
ihdnh, tin hrdng nhau, ddi xd cdng bang, bilt danh gid, bill sd dyng dung ngudi diing
viec, biet dgng vien khuyen khieh vd khen nggi ngudi khdc dung liic va kip thai Do 66
viec dng dung Tam ly hgc (dSc biet la van de giao Hep) vdo cudc sdng id cin Ihigl.
Cac img dung cua Tam ly hgc giup con ngudi nang cao chdt lugng cugc sdng
Nhflng phuang phdp tdm ly giup ndng cao y chi, giiip cdl ihien hi nhd, su chii y, giiip
con ngudi cd nhimg suy nghT hgp ly (rational thinking), tu duy phe phin (entical
thinking), ihay doi thdi quen xdu hinh thanh thdi quen tdt, qudn ly cdm xuc, giup con
ngudi cdm thdy dn ve ban than, lao ra kha ndng thich nghi vd duang dau vdi nhiing
mit mil ttong cudc sdng (chien ttanh, thign lai, cii chet cua nhirng ngudi than yeu),
gidm stress, nang cao sdc khde

2.2. iTng dyng cua Tam ly hgc trong cac Hnh virc cua doi song
Ung dyng cua Tdm ly hgc la dem nhflng l-j thuyet cda Tam ly hgc van dyng vao
Irong cac ITnh vuc ciia ddi sdng tiiyc lign. 6 cdc nudc tren ihl gidi Tim !y hgc la mdt
nginh khoa hoc ral phal ttien (sinh vien hoc nginh Tam iy khdng bao gid thdt nghiep),
duac img dyng vao hau hit cdc ITnh vuc ddi sdng nhu Hgc dudng, tri lieu, qudn ly con
ngudi, y le... 0 Viet Nam hien nay, Tam ly hoc dd dugc tdng dng dyng vdo nhieu ITnh
vyc khdc nhau ttong ddi sdng va mang lai nhiing hieu qua thiet thuc. Dudi ddy Id ra^t
so ung dung eua Tam ly hpc trong cu^c sing cua con ngudi,
2 2 1. Ung dung cua Tdm ly hpc Irong cong ldc gido dye vd qudn ly gido dye
Sy cd mat ciia Khoa hgc Tdm ly d hiu hit cac Hnh vuc khac nhau cua ddi sdng
xa hdi da cho thdy vai trd lo ldn cua Tam ly hoc. Dac biel vdi cdng lac gido dye, ITnh
vuc "ttdng ngudi" Tam ly hgc cd vi fri ddc bigl quan frong, nhflng tti Ihdc ciia Tam ly
hgc Id CO sd khoa hgc cho viec dinh hudng diing ddn ttong dgy hgc, giao dye hgc sinh
vd ttong qud ttinh qudn ly giao due.


TAP CHl KHOA HQC. TRLTCWG BAl HQC H 6 N G BLTC - S6 BAC BIgT (5.2017)

Nhiing kien thdc cua Tam ly hgc nhu. Cdc quy luat cam giac, tri gidc. cdc quy
luat cua ddi sdng tinh cam, cac quy luat hinh thanh ky xao... se giup gido vien nang cao
hieu qua hogt ddng giang day cua minh.
Cdc quy ludt cua cam giic duac img dung vao trong day hgc d6 la. Quy Iual
ngudng cam giac cd higu qud ttong viec dilu ehinh ngon ngd (giao vien phdi ndi du
nghe), sd dyng dd dimg day hgc ttnc quan (dd dimg ttuc quan phai dep, chinh xdc);
quy ludt thich dng cua cam gidc luyen khd ndng thich iing vdi dilu kien hoal ddng hgc
tip thay ddi,
Trong hogt dgng nhdn thdc ngoai dng dung cdc quy ludt ciia cam giic thi eae quy
lugt cua tti giic cung duoc van dyng ttong dgy hgc, ching han Khi vilt bdng giao vien
dung phin mau de nhan mgnh ngi dung quan ttong hay ggch chdn nhihig y quan ttgng
ttong bii dgy (quy luat linh lya chgn ciia tti giic); day hgc phai chu y din ddc dilm

torn ly ciia hgc sinh (quy luit tdng gidc),
Hieu bill edc quy luit cua ddi sdng tinh cim la co sd khoa hoc dg ngudi giao
vign van dyng vdo hoat dgng nghi nghiep ciia minh; Quy ludt di chuyin ciia tinh cam
nhic nhd gido vien phai bilt kilm ehl cdm xiic cua minh ttdnh hien tugng "gian ca
chem thdt"; Quy lugt lay lan cua tinh cdm van dung dl xay dung tdp ihl hoe sinh hda
ddng, doan ket "mem vui nhdn ddi, ndi budn xe nua", xay dung nhdng tam guang dign
hinh de hgc sinh noi theo vi ngudi gido vign phdi ludn giu thdi do vui ve nhdm tgo ra
bau khdng khi tom ly thoai mdi cho hgc sinh, trong day hgc mudn hinh thanh linh cdm
cho hgc sinh phii di td xiic cam ddng logi (quy lugt hinh thinh tinh cam), vi du: Hinh
thdnh tinh ydu td qude cho hoc sinh phai xuit phil td linh ygu gia dinh, ygu ling xdm,,,
Cic quy luit hinh thdnh kT xao- Quy lugt "dinh ", quy ludt tiln bo khdng ddng
dgu... ggi md cho giao vien cdch thdc ren luyen kT xao cho hoc sinh dgc bigt Id cdc em
hgc sinh nhd bdc Tieu hgc khi bdt ddu hgc viet, hgc dgc, hoc linh loan.,, nhung tn thuc
khdi dau trong kho tdng tri thuc phong phii cua nhan logi,
Ngodi ra, Tam ly- hgc cdn duac dng dung vdo frong cdng toe qudn ly gido due,
bdi hoat dgng quin ly la mdl hoal dgng phdc lap do doi tiiong md ngudi lanh dgo tac
ddng tdi chinh Id con ngudi - con ngudi vdi cdc thugc linh Iam iy phong phu vd phdc
top. Qudn ly vl ban chit li quin iy con ngudi vi top Ihl nhung con ngudi. De hoal
dgng quan ly cd hieu qua, thi ngudi lanh dgo phai hilu bill ddi tirgng ma minhtoeddng
vdo - con ngydi,topthi ngudi, tile li hilu bill cdc thugc linhtomly quan ttgng ciia ho
Chinh vi vay, trong cdngtoeIdnh dao, quin iy, nhd quan ly phai biet ndm bat tom
tu nguyen vgng cua can bg, gido vien cip dudi, Giiip hg vuot qua nhflng khd khdn ve
tmh thin, ddng vien khieh Ig kip thdi dl hg hodn thdnh tdt cdng viec md khdng phdi lue
nao cdng su dung menh Ignh hanh chinh mgt each cilng nhac. Dgc bigt trong cdng toe
qudn Iy, giao dye hpc sinh nha qudn iy hilu bilt hon ddi vdi nhung dua tte dang tiii


TAP CHJ KHOA HQC, T R U O N G BAl HQC H 6 N G BC'C - SO BAC BlgT (S. 2017)

qua nhung Ihdi ki khd khin ttong tam ly td dd cd cdi nhin ddng din vl nhflng bieu hien

lech lac ttong tom, smh ly. Vi vdy, se khdng ddng cdc hinh phgt qui nghiem khdc ma
phdl hudng hgc sinh vao nhirng hoat dgng bd ich va lanh mgnh.
2.2.2 l/ng dyng ciia Tdm ly hpc trong qudn trj nhdn su
Trong xa hgi con ngudi cd rdt nhigu cdc mdi quan he khac nhau nhu. Mdi quan
hg vdi ihien nhign, vol the gidi vdt chit., trong tat ca moi quan he tiii giua con ngudi
vdi con nguai la mdi quan he phuc tap nhdt, bdi mdi con ngudi la mgt ci nhan rieng
biel, cd nhimg ddc diemtomly ngng vd cung phong phu, da dang. Tuy nhign, dii mudn
hay khdng khi Iham gia vdo mgt to chuc chung ta van phai thyc hien cdc mdi quan he
dd, Doi vdi nhflng ngudi lim cong lac qudn tti nhin sy cd nhiem vy quin ly con ngudi
(Iyc luang lao dgng) trong mgt Id chdc, cdng ly thi vigc van dyng nhflng kien tiiuc
Tam ly hgc vio cdng toe qudn tti nhan su cd y nghla vd cung quan ttgng ttong hogl
dgng nghi nghiep,
Nhiing ilng dyng ciia Tdm l;f hgc sS gidp cac nhd qudn Iri nhdn sy nghign cdu
thdi dd, hdnh vi ciia ngudi lao ddng, mdi quan he giua cac ca nhan lai noi lam vigc, ca
cau vd chinli sdch cda Id chdc, ddng ca Idm vi^c (cac ygu Id thuc ddy nhdn vien lam
viec), nang suat lam viec cua ca nhan va td chdc, bdi canh, van hda, bau khdng khi,
tam ly ttong td chdc va sy thich hgp gifla con ngudi va cong viec, Tu dd ma nha quan
Iri nhan su hieu biet tdt han vg nai ldm viec vd nhan vien cua minh, mygn chgn dugc
nhdn vien cd nang lye, hgn che sy nghi viec va giam vdng mat cua nhan vien; dua ra
cic chinh sdch (tien luong, tien Ihudng, diotoobdi dudng); dua ra cic quygt dinh qudn
ly cho phil hop vdi nhan vien nham tao ra mdi quan he tdt dep giua doanh nghiep va
todn the cdn bd cdng nhan vien.
2 2.3. Ifng dung cua Tdm ly hgc trong marketing
Trong Ihdi dgi nen kinh le loan cau, dac biet khi Viet Nam da gia nhip to chdc
thuong mai the gidi (WTO), cac doanh nghigp ngodi viec tgo ra nhflng sdn phdm phu
hap vdi nhu cdu cua khdch hang thi viec nghien cdu tdm ly khdch hang cCia hg la dieu
vd ciing quan ttgng, Chinh vi vay viec img dyng Tim ly hge vdo ttong marketing la vd
ciing can thiet
De thda man nhu cdu cua khdch hdng mgt cdch tdt nhat, cdc doanh nghiep can
phdl nghien cdu ky thi trudng, cd ky nang nim bat lam Iy eua timg nhdm ddi tuong

khdch hdng (khach hang Id ngudi giau sang, khdch hdng binh ddn, khdch hang Id ngudi
cao tudi, khach hdng la tre em, khdch hang Id phu nu, klidch hdng la nan-i gidi...), phai
nghien cuu ky thai dd, Ihi hilu, hanh vi tieu dung cua khieh hang dl biei dugc hg cin
nhiing gi d sdn phdm ma doanh nghiep dua ldi cho hg, Td dd doanh nghigp sg cd each


TAF CHJ KHOA HQC, TRI1'6NG BAl HQC H Q N G B C C - SO BAC BIf.T (5. 2

marketing phu hgp dg danh vdo tom ly ciia khdch hang, khiln hg quyll dinh mua
nhanh hem, Ngay nay, cdc doanh nghiep dang hudng ldi sdn xudt nhdng tiiu md khach
hang cdn chd khdng phdi nhung thd md hg cd. Nhung dng dyng Tam ly hgc vdo trong
marketting se gulp cac doanh nghigp hilu dugc ddc dilm tam ly ciia tilng nhom khach
hang dl cd chiln luge kinh doanh cd hieu qui va thu hut mdl lugng khach hang ldn,
trung Ihdnh vdi hg.
2 24 ifng dung ciia Tdm ly hge Irong khdm benh vd diiu tri eho ngu&i benh
Cd ai do da hing vi: Ngudi Ihdy ihudc ddng thdi ciing Id nhdtom1^. Dilu ndy
mudn ndi rang: Trong qua tiinh khim vd chdn dodn b^nh, ngudi thiy thude cd kiln tiidc
tom ly hoc nhin nhan ngudi benh mdt each loan dign, gulp eho vigc dilu tn mdl cich loi
uu nhal, Nhieu benh tat do cic nguyen nhan vl tam ly khdng Ihl dilu tii khdi benh chi
don thuan bdng cich su dyng Ihudc men, ma phai su dung phli hgp cic phuang phdp
tdc ddng tam ly (thdi mign, dm thi, diing ldi ndi nhe nhdng.,.) len ngudi bgnh,
Benh lal tic dgng dintomly va ngugc lgi bgnh lal chju sy inh hudng nhat dinh
cua tam ly ngudi benh. Bat ky mdt benh du nang hay nhe deu dnh hudng den tmh thin
cua ngudi b^nh, cd khi chi lam thay ddi nhe vg cim xuc, song cung cd khi Idm biln dli
mgnh mg, sdu sac loan bg nhdn each ngudi benh Mdi ngudi cd thdi dp khdc nhau ttudc
benh tat cua minh, thdng thudng benh cang nang, cing keo dai thi sy bien doi lam ly
cang trim trgng han, Benh lit co the lam ngudi benh thay ddi Id diem iTnh, ty chu,
khigm tdn thdnh cdu kinh, !did tinh, ndng ndy; tir ngudi chu ddo thich quan ldm dgn
ngydi khdc thdnh ngudi ich ky; td ngudi vui linh hoat bat thanh ngudi dam chieu, ug
odi; tii ngudi lich sy, nha nhan thanh ngudi khat khe hach hoe ngudi khac, til ngudi cd

ban ITnh dgc lap thdnh ngudi me tfn dj doan tin vao nhung ldi bdi loan sd menh... Ben
canh dd benh tat cdn dnh hudng din ngudi than vd ca nhiing ngudi xung quanh cua
ngudi benh, dd la su lo du thay ddi kinh tg, sinh hogt vi hanh phdc gia dinh. Chinh vi
vdy, ngudi thiy thude phii hilu duac nhimg dgc digm tam ly chung cua ngudi benh (sa
hdi, lo iing, bye ttic.) va ngudi nha benh nhdn, nim ro cdc rdi nhilu ciia benh nhdn,
hilu dugc nhiing bdn khodn va khue mic cua ngudi benh de van dyng ttong khi giao
tilp, tham kham vd lac dong din lam iy ngudi benh ben canh viee sd dung cdc phuang
phap dieu tn khac.
2.2.5 ifng dung cda Tdm ly hgc Irong sdng tgo nghe thudl
Tdm ly hgc cd flil khai thdc vao moi ITnh vyc vi sdng Igo nghe thuat khdng nam
ngodi sd dd, Trong qua trinh sang tao nghg thudl cdc nghg sy da dng dung Tdm ly hgc
dl tao ra dugc hinh tuong nghg thudl trong cdc tic pham cua minh Tn giac. mdng
ttigng vd cam xuc la ba tiidnh to khdng thi ihilu ttong ciu Inic tdm ly ciia hoal dgng


A HQC, TRtrdNG BAl HQC H 6 N G PLTC • S 6 P ^ C BlgT (S. 2017)

sing too nghe thuat, Trong dd, tn gidc dugc coi id co sd ban ddu. Id dieu kign ciia hoat
ddng Tudng luong ddng vai ttd chu dao trong vigc tgo ngn hinh ttigng nghe thuit, cdn
xuc cdm la nhan td lam nen, lien ket, huy dgng cac qua trinh lam ly, li nhan td thiic ddy
hoat ddng ciia tri gidc vd tudng tugng.
Nhd Tam iy hgc L.X.Vugotxki cho ring: Qui Irinh sangtoonghe thudl thyc chat
la qud ttinh ngudi nghe sy tiep nhgn su tac dgng cua the gidi hign thyc mdt each nhay
cam vd tinh tl nhit Sy tilp nhan ndy dugc hd tta bdi sy quan sal va cim nhan tinh tg
cua ngudi nghe sy thdng qua qua frinh fri gidc Cd the ndi, day chinh la giai doan ngudi
nghe sy chuin bi chit li^u cho qud trinh sdng too. Ddi vdi ngudi nghe s j tai ndng, khi
lilp can vdi thi gidi hien thyc, hg luon the hien sy tap trung chii y cao dg de quan sit
mot cich chi till, li my va toin dien tat ca nhdng gi dang dien ra xung quanh ho. Tn
giac ttong sdng Iao nghe ihudl li mdt qua trinh tam ly tich eye nhdm phan tich cdc
thuoc tinh cda ddi tugng dugc mieu Id vd tdng hgp chiing thdnh hinh anh tham m j ttpn

ven tten co sd xuc cam tham my. Ngu khdng cd tti gidc, cac qud trinh tudng lupng,
cam xuc ttong sing tao nghe thuat se khdng dgt hieu qui cao nhu mong mudn, Ihgm
chi CO trudng hgp cdc qui Irinh ndy khdng he dien ra,
Nghg thudl Id sy sdng too, mudn sang lao thi ngudi nghe sy phai cd 6c ludng
tugng da dang va phong phu, bdi bdn thdn hien thyc khdng dua lai cho con ngudi cai
todn ven, cai hodn hao trong cac hinh tugng nghe thuat. Theo tic gii Chu Quang Tiem,
ttidng tuipng frong sing tgo nghg thuat li "cdn cd vdo nhihig y ttidng cd sdn lam lai
hgu, rdi cit xen, ggt bd, chgn loc, long hgp lgi de thdnh mgt hinh tupng mdi", Chinh
nhd cd tudng tugng va thdng qua tudng tugng md toan bg cac hinh tugng nghe thuit
tdn toi ttong cdc tic phdm da dat den ttinh do cua sy tudng tugng kiidi qudt, tao ngn cai
rieng, cdi ddc dao cua timg nhan each sang too va mang tinh khac Ig so vdi the gidi
hien thyc. Cd the ndi rdng tudng lugng ddng vai trd gdn nhu quygt dinh ttong sang Idc
va cam thu nghg thuat Mdi tie phdm cua nguoi nghe sy thinh cdng deu id sdn pham
mang ddm ddu an ciia mdl tri tudng tugng phong phu vd chinh nd se lam nay sinh tri
tudng lugng noi ngudi thudng Ihuc,
Cam xuc la mdl ygu td tam ly xuat hien thudng xuyen trong cupc song cua ngudi
nghe sy Cd thg ndi rdng, khi tigp nhdn the gidi hien thuc, song song vtii qui irinh nhan
thuc (tti gidc, tudng tiigng) thi cam xuc cua ngudi nghe sy cung duac ttdi nghigm
Cam xuc ttong nghe thudl Id trang thai rung ddng ciia con ngudi ddi vdi nghg thuat, Id
sy cdm nhgn cdi dep khach quan vd cat dgp chu quan, qua do lam nay smh nhu cau
bieu dat cdl dep. Trong hogt dgng sing tao thi cam xiic chinh la ddng luc mgnh me Ihdi
thiic ngudi nghe s j sdng tgo, Cdm xuc cd trong mgi giai dogn eda qud frinh sdng igo
nghe thudl, Vigc nghien cim cdm xue qua cac thd nghigm, phuang dn khdc nhau dgn
kit qud cudi cung cho phep chung la phan tich edc ylu Id tdm ly ciia ngudi nghg sT, Id
dd Idm sang td vai trd cua cdc ylu t l cd nhdn ttong viec phit trien cdc gia tti tham my.
.10


TAP CHJ KHOA HQC. TRUONG BAI HQC H 6 N G BLTC - SO BAC BIET (5. 20171

Cd the ndi ring, ttong cdu tide nang lye sang tgo cua ngudi nghe s j Iri gidc,
ludng tugng vd cim xiic id nhdng ygu id ldm ly khdng the thilu di too nen cic hinh
tirgng nghe thuat. Nhflng ylu Id ndy dan xen va hda quyen vdo nhau Irong qud trinh
sdng tgo nghg thuat cua ngudi nghe sy, chd chung khdng tdch rdi nhau
2.2.6. ifng dung cua Tdm ly hoc trong lao ddng
Con ngudi sdng tten Trdi dat co nghTa vy va quyin lgi tham gia vao lao ddng ma
thyc chal la dem sdc luc vat chit vi tmh Ihin eua minh toe ddng vao ihien nhien nhdm
tao ra cua cai vat chit dl nudi sdng ban thdn va gia dinh, Trong qud ttinh lao dgng,
nhiing ngudi lao dgng cd mdi quan hetoeddng qua lgi vdi nhau nhim ihiic ddy quan
he ngay cang cd hieu qua han. Mdt khac, ttong hoat dgng lao dgng co rit nhilu yeu to
dnh hudng den ndng sudt, chal luang ciia lao dgng Do do, nhflng ngudi quan ly td
chdc lao ddng rat cdn nhiing kien Ihdc vl ldm ly hoc vd cang bill van dung nhflng ylu
id tom ly vdo lao dgng de Id chuc qua trinh lao ddng dai kll qua cao nhu. Chii -y din
mdi quan he giao tiep cua ngudi qudn ly vdi ngudi lao dgng, gida nhdng ngudi lao
ddng vdi nhau; ndm bat dugc cdc ddc diem nhan each ciia ngudi lao ddng; cdc quy luat
ldm ly ciia su hinh Ihdnh ky ndng, ky xao trong lao ddng; su met mdi vetomly din din
nhflng sai sdt ttong qud trinh lao dgng...
Tren day la mdt sd img dyng cua Tam iy hgc ttong cdc ITnh vyc ciia ddi sdng,
Trong xa hgi hien nay, Tim ly hgc cdn duac img dung vao rat nhieu cac ITnh vuc khac
nhu: Qudn sy, van hda, the thao... Vigc nghien cim eac iing dyng eua Tdm ly hgc gulp
chiing ta nhin thdy tdm quan ttgng cua Tam ly hge ddi vdi ddi sdng con ngudi,
3. KET LUAN
Co thi ndi ring, Tim ly hgc vda la khoa hpc vua la thuc lign Nhdng ung dyng
cda Tdm 1^ hpc trong cac ITnh vyc khdc nhau ciia ddi sdng xa hdi dd dem igi lgi ich cho
mgi ca nhan, to chdc, cgng ddng nai hg sdng vi Idm viec Trong till ki XXI cung vai
sy phdt tiiln nhanh chdng ciia khoa hpc ky thuit vd cdng nghg, Tam ly hpc ngay cang
phdt tnln vd la ngdnh khoa hgc cd nhilu dng dyng thyc tiln nhdl trong ddi sing xd h6i
cua con ngudi.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
[I]

Luu Hdng Khanh (2006), Tdm ly hoc chuyen sdu, Nxb. Tre, Tp. Hd Chi Minh

[2)

Dang Phuang Kigt (2001), Ccr s& Tdm ly hgc iing dung, Nxb Dgi hgc Qude gia

[3]

Hi Ndi.
Edward Lee Thomdile (1910), Bong gdp cua Tdm ly cho gido due, The Journal
of Educational Psychology,
111


rAP c u t KHOA HQC, TRU6tNG BAl HQC H O N G BtTC - S6 PAC BIf: T (5 2017)

[4]
[5]
[6]

Richard J. Gemng - Philip G.Jimbardo (2013), Tdm ly hgc vd d&i sdng, Nxb, Lao
ddng, HdNgi,
Nguygn Quang Uan (1997), Tdm ly hpc dgi cuang, Nxb Dai hoc Qude gia Hi Ndi
Stephen Worchel (2007), Tdm ly hpc (nguyen ly vd iing dung), Nxb, Lao dgng xa
hdi, Ha Ndi

SOME APPLICATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGY
IN VARIOUS FIELDS OF LIFE
Le Tuyet Mai

ABSTRACT
In modern society, psychology has been increasingly developed and widely
applied m various fields suck as labor, diagnosis and treatment for patients, in
marketing, m the art... Psychological Science plays the role of guiding and serving for
a better human life. Studies and applications of psychological knowledge in many
fields of life will kelp people perform tkeir activities in a more effective way.
Keywords: Psychological, application.