ÔN tập NGỮ PHÁP và cấu TRÚC câu UNIT 5, 6, 7, 8

ÔN TẬP NGỮ PHÁP VÀ CẤU TRÚC CÂU
UNIT 5, 6, 7, 8 AND OTHERS
Unit 5
I. How much (Hỏi giá tiền)
1. How much is + thing (vật số ít)?
→ How much is that car?
→ How much is the red book?
2. How much are + things (vật số nhiều)?
→ How much are these shoes?
→ How much are those toys?
3. How much does + thing (vật số ít) cost?
a/ How much is that car?
→ How much does that car cost?
b/ How much is the red book?
→ How much does the red book cost?
4. How much do + things (vật số nhiều) cost?
a/ How much are these shoes?
→ How much do these shoes cost?
b/ How much are those toys?
→ How much do those toys?
5. What is the price of thing(s)?
→ What is the price of that coat?
→ What is the price of these flowers?
II. Countable và Uncoutable Nouns (danh từ đếm được và không đếm được)


1. a few và a little: 1 vài (danh từ số ít)
A few + danh từ đếm được
A little + danh từ không đếm được
2. A / An / A lot of / Lots of / Some / Any
A / An (danh từ số ít + CN)

A lot of / Lots of (danh từ số nhiều + CN/UN)
Some (danh từ số nhiều + CN/UN, chỉ dùng cho câu khẳng định và lời đề nghị)
Any (danh từ số nhiều + CN/UN, chỉ dùng cho câu phủ định và nghi vấn)
3. How much và How many (Hỏi số lượng)
1) ĐỘNG TỪ TO BE: How much + UN + is there?
→ How much milk is there in the fridge?
→ How much bread is there in that box?
2) ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG: How much + UN + do / does / did + S + V?
→ How much orange juice do you have?
→ How much rice does she need?
→ How much knowledge did they learn yesterday?
3) ĐỘNG TỪ TO BE: How many + Plural Nouns (danh từ đếm được số nhiều)
+ are there?
→ How many desks are there in your classroom?
→ How many dishes are there in this restaurant?
4) ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG: How many + Plural Nouns + do / does / did + S + V?
→ How many books do you have?
→ How many eggs does your mom need?
→ How many books did you buy last week?


4. Các câu cơ bản và nâng cao sử dụng cấu trúc trên:
– I’d like a cup of coffee.
– I’d like an apple.
– I’d like to drink some juice.
– Would you like to eat some dessert?
– Sorry. We don’t have any milk left.
– Do you have any chocolate ice – cream?
– There isn’t any chicken in my fridge.
– There are a few bananas in the basket.

– There is a little problem when we pass this road.
– There are many bottles of cooking oil in the cupboard.
– There are some cookies and some books.
– There is some sugar and some salt.
– How much flour and butter do you need to make the cake?
– How much more tea does he want?
– How many grapes did she eat yesterday?
– How many kilograms of meat do you want to buy?
Unit 6
I. Prepositions of place
– Các giới từ chỉ vị trí, địa điểm, nơi chốn: in, on, at, in front of, under, behind, next
to, between, near, opposie, above, to the left, to the right,...
e.g.
1/ The train station is next to the post office.
2/ The movie theater is in front of the park.


3/ Is there a library opposie the police office?
4/ Is there any hospital near here?
5/ Is there a shop between the restaurant and the circus?
6/ There is a university to the left of the cafeteria.
7/ There is a museum to the right of the hotel.
8/ There is a bridge above the river.
9/ Is your house behind the health center?
10/ How long can you stay under the water?
II. Imperatives: to give instructions, orders or advice.
e.g.
1. Recycle plastic bags and jars.
2. Don’t throw away glass jars and old newspapers.
3. Pick up trash in the park.

4. Recycle plastic bottles and old magazines.
5. Reuse plastic bottles in your garden.
6. Don’t throw away old clothes.
Unit 7
I. Prepositions of Time
+ Dùng on trước những từ chỉ những ngày trong tuần, hoặc một dịp nào đó.
+ Dùng at trước những từ chỉ mốc thời gian rất ngắn, cụ thể như giờ giấc trong ngày.
+ Dùng in trước các từ chỉ thời gian dài như: năm, tháng, tuần, mùa,...
e.g.
– The drama is on Saturday.
– Do you want to go to the museum on March 10?


– They watch a lot of interesting films in the winter.
– We went to a concert at the National Concert Hall.
– What do you usually do on the weekends?
– My favorite television programme begins at 6:30 in the evening.
– We often go out on Friday evenings and come back home at 11 night.
– Emperor Quang Trung – Nguyen Hue passed away in 1792 when he was quite
young, 39 years old.
– There’s a movie of Disney on at the movie theater in September on Sunday
morning at 9 am.
II. Simple Past – Past Simple Tense (Thì q khứ đơn)
•

Chú ý: was not = wasn’t
were not = weren’t
did not = didn’t

1. TO BE

a) Affirmative (Thể khẳng định)
– I / He / She / It / Danh từ số ít + was
– They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều + were
→ I was at my aunt’s house yesterday afternoon.
→ They were in Hanoi on their summer vacation last month.
→ She was at concert to watch her favorite band perform last weekend.
b) Negative (Thể phủ định)
– I / He / She / It / Danh từ số ít + wasn’t
– They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều + weren’t
→ He wasn’t at home last Monday.


→ We weren’t at school because it rained yesterday.
→ I wasn’t in Da Nang 2 weeks ago because my flight was delayed.
c) Interrogative (Thể nghi vấn)
– Was I / He / She / It / Danh từ số ít + ... ?
– Were They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều + ... ?
→ Were you at the shop to buy some new clothes last week?
→ Were they at your house to do the project together yesterday?
→ Was it raining when she woke up this morning?
2. AUXILIARY
1) Regular verbs (động từ quá khứ có quy tắc – những từ thêm đuôi là – ed):
played, stayed, waited, cooked, asked, laughed, started, travelled, visited, talked,...
2) Irregular verbs (V2 – động từ quá khứ bất quy tắc):
be (am/ is/ are) – was / were
run – ran
go – went
buy – bought
have – had
take – took

go – went
make – made
think – thought
see – saw
eat – ate
drink – drank


sing – sang
wear – wore
do – did
teach – taught
sleep – slept
feel – felt
ride – rode
leave – left
come – came
spend – spent
send – sent
begin – began
cut – cut
put – put
break – broke
catch – caught
drive – drove
fly – flew
grow – grew
keep – kept
know – knew
lie – lay

meet – met
sit – sat


stand – stood
get – got
give – gave
steal – stole
write – wrote
swim – swam
tell – told
throw – threw
bring – brought
choose – chose
draw – drew
forget – forgot
speak – spoke
sell – sold
...
a) Affirmative (Thể khẳng định)
– I / He / She / It / Danh từ số ít + V2/V–ed
– They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều + V2/V–ed
→ We went to the stadium to watch the football match yesterday.
→ She visited Australia with her family last summer.
b) Negative (Thể phủ định)
– I / He / She / It / Danh từ số ít + didn’t + Vbare (Verb nguyên mẫu)
– They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều + didn’t + Vbare (Verb nguyên mẫu)
→ He didn’t go to school because he was sick last week.

→ They didn’t cook dinner because they had an after – work meeting yesterday.
c) Interrogative (Thể nghi vấn)
– Did I / He / She / It / Danh từ số ít + Vbare (Verb nguyên mẫu)?
– Did They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều + Vbare (Verb nguyên mẫu)?
→ Did they drive around the parking lot for 10 mins to find a parking space?
→ Did Cristiano Ronaldo play for Manchester United?
*Dấu hiệu nhận biệt Thì Quá khứ đơn: Trong câu có các từ như: yesterday, ago,
last (week, year, month), in the past, the day before, với những khoảng thời gian
đã qua trong ngày (today, this morning, this afternoon),...
e.g: 50,000 years ago, there were no French or Germans, no Christians or Muslims.
III. Simple Present – Present Simple Tense (Thì hiện tại đơn)
•

Chú ý: is not = isn’t
are not = aren’t
do not = don’t
does not = doesn’t

1. TO BE
a) Affirmative (Thể khẳng định)
– I + am
– He / She / It / Danh từ số ít + is

+ noun / adj

– They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều + are
→ I am a little bit hungry because I haven’t eaten anything this morning.
→ This watch is expensive so he plans to buy it next month.
→ They are best friends because they have been together for 5 years and treat each
other very well.

b) Negative (Thể phủ định)
– I + am
– He / She / It / Danh từ số ít + is

+ not + noun / adj

– They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều + are
→ I am not from Australia, my nationality is Japanese.
→ This hairstyle isn’t fashionable because it was popular only 2 years ago, so you
should try a new more modern one.
→ We aren’t very excited about the show because we will have to wait in line to
buy tickets for a long time.
c) Interrogative (Thể nghi vấn)
– Am + I
– Is + He / She / It / Danh từ số ít

+ noun / adj?

– Are + They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều
→ Is Dang Van Lam a professional goalkeeper in the national football team?
→ Are they the most famous and talented artists recruited from Italy?
→ Are you at the newly opened milk tea shop to attend the opening ceremony?
2. AUXILIARY
a) Affirmative (Thể khẳng định)
– He / She / It / Danh từ số ít + V(s/es) + ...
– I / They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều + V (s/es) + ...
→ Everyone celebrates a birthday party every year.
→ My dad sometimes goes to the multi – purpose yard and plays tennis with his

friends on Sunday mornings.
→ My family always cooks meals at home, only at the busiest times we just go out
to eat, but we have and enjoy great moments together.


b) Negative (Thể phủ định)
– He / She / It / Danh từ số ít + does not + Vbare (Verb nguyên mẫu)
– I / They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều + do not + Vbare (Verb nguyên mẫu)
→ People don’t sweep house on the first 3 days of the new year because it’s a taboo.
→ My friends and teachers don’t believe me and my sister are twins because my face
and appearance are quite different from my sister’s, while we have similarities and
both our last and middle names are the same.
→ She doesn’t arrive on time because her car has a problem on the road.
c) Interrogative (Thể nghi vấn)
– Does He / She / It / Danh từ số ít + Vbare (Verb nguyên mẫu)?
– Do I / They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều + Vbare (Verb nguyên mẫu)?
→ Do you want to go buy ice cream with me after school?
→ Does he have any other siblings, or is he the only child in his family?
→ Does her charity cook and distribute meals on every Saturday afternoon and visit
the orphanage on Sundays?
*Dấu hiệu nhận biệt Thì Hiện tại đơn: Trong câu có các từ như: always, usually,
often, sometimes, frequently, regularly, sometimes, rarely, seldom, hardly ever,
never,...; every day, every week, every month, every year, every morning,... (mỗi
ngày, mỗi tuần, mỗi tháng, mỗi năm); daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, yearly
(hàng ngày, hàng tuần, hàng tháng, hàng quý, hàng năm).
e.g: Every evening, I always do homework, review my knowledge after studying at
school and prepare new lessons for tomorrow.
III. Present Continuous (Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)
a) Affirmative (Thể khẳng định)
– I + am

– He / She / It / Danh từ số ít + is

+ V – ing


– They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều + are
→ We’re dressing, doing makeup and preparing for our parents’ wedding anniversary.
→ She’s playing the piano on stage in front of the audience right now.
→ I’m writing an essay on the 15 minute Literature test now.
b) Negative (Thể phủ định)
– I + am
– He / She / It / Danh từ số ít + is

+ not + V – ing

– They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều + are
→ I’m not shocking about her behavior at the moment because she ran after the robber
to get her handbag back.
→ It isn’t raining now, so we’ll take our pets out for a walk.
→ They aren’t representing me to participate in today’s draft because I don’t have all
the franchise documentation for others.
c) Interrogative (Thể nghi vấn)
– Am + I
– Is + He / She / It / Danh từ số ít

+ V – ing?

– Are + They / We / You / Danh từ số nhiều
→ Are you living in the New York City of USA now and planning to fly back to
Vietnam next month to visit your family and friends?

→ Are they planning and discussing to decorate the classroom for Halloween?
→ Is she lecturing her students on advanced math problems?
*Dấu hiệu nhận biệt Thì Hiện tại đơn: Trong câu có các trạng từ chỉ thời gian như:
now, right now, at the moment, at present, currently. Trong câu có các động từ báo
hiệu: Look! Watch! Listen! Keep silent! Watch out! Look out! Be careful!
e.g: – Listen! I’m hearing a baby cry somewhere around here.


– Be careful! Currently, the traffic on the road is very dangerous and chaotic,
the vehicles are congested.
Unit 8
Động từ khiếm khuyết
I. Should + Vbare (Verb nguyên mẫu)
“Should” là một trợ động từ, hay chính xác hơn là một động từ tình thái. “Should”
thường mang nghĩa là “nên” hoặc “phải” làm gì đó.
→ You should visit to Phu Quoc once in your life because it has many beautiful,
romantic beaches and very clean, fresh, attractive seafood.
→ We should try to open up to people who hate or have a bad view of you, then both
of you will gradually get close and understand each other.
II. Should not (Shouldn’t) + Vbare (Verb nguyên mẫu)
“Shouldn’t” thường mang nghĩa là lời khuyên hoặc khuyến nghị, “không nên” hoặc
“khơng được” làm gì đó.
→ They shouldn’t do that, it’s against the rules.
→ You shouldn’t go out or stay on the street in the evening or late at night, because
there are very scary strangers who can harm your life.
III. Can + Vbare (Verb nguyên mẫu)
“Can” thường mang nghĩa là có thể, chỉ khả năng, năng lực, được phép làm gì đó.
→ You can go without food for a few months but cannot live without water for 2 to
3 days.
→ Only authorized people in the restaurant can enter this way, please do not enter

here on your own.
IV. Can’t + Vbare (Verb ngun mẫu)
“Can’t” thường mang nghĩa là khơng có thể, chỉ khả năng, năng lực, khơng được
phép làm gì đó nhưng không nhấn mạnh như “musn’t”.


→ We can’t swim in the ocean out there because it’s very deep and many times
there are sharks.
→ You can’t leave the hospital right now, because your health is still unstable.
Others
How about + V – ing + ... ?
→ How about meeting your family at the cinema next Sunday morning?
→ How about comparing prices before we buy something?
What about + V – ing + ... ?
→ What about going to eat quick dishes instead of cooking rice at home, because
we don’t have much time today?
→ What about
Let’s + Vbare + ...
→ Let’s give me a ride on the way come to the party.
→ Let’s me know
Why don’t + S + Vbare (Verb nguyên mẫu) + ... ?
→ Why don’t we visit Hanoi during our next vacation, because there is a famous
specialty dish, Bun Cha.
→ Why don’t
Why not + Vbare (Verb nguyên mẫu) + ... ?
→ Why not treat yourself to a meal at a restaurant or go shopping to buy some new
clothes, because the past month has been so hard on you?
→ Why not