(SKKN HAY NHẤT) i would like to give some ideas about how to help teach speaking skill effectivelly to help our children feel easier and more confident during their study

A. INTRODUCTION
I. Reasons for choosing the topic
Currently, the English language has become popular all over the world,
many countries use it as a first language and people use it as a second language in
communication. In Vietnam, English is seen as a major foreign language today.
At Nghe An Continuing Education Centre, English is not only taught for
language specialized students but also for young learners of all levels.
I have recently applied a number of methods and techniques into teaching
English in order to improve the quality of teaching and learning English as a
Foreign Language. Communicative method has proved their superiority as through
communicative activities more language are used and students’ initiatives and
active involvement are developed. It can be said that communicative approach is
designed to change the traditional way of presenting and practising language and it
helps to shift the teacher-led classroom culture to the students-centred classroom
atmosphere.
Supplementary activities have widely used in my context (training teachers
of English at Nghe An Continuing Education Centre) with the acceptance,
eagerness and enthusiasm by teachers and students. It, however, is the one
requiring much knowledge and preparation as well as physical conditions, and it
also requires teachers’ commitment and patience.
I have been trying to put some of those into practice. I have been adapting
and designing ourselves a repertoire of communicative activities which have been
used and from which students have benefited.
I would like, in this paper, to introduce these supplementary activities to
you all - teachers of English in a view of sharing experience and seeking for
common thoughts to makes a change, however small it is, in teaching and learning
English though it is hard work really. The games and activities have been used for
teaching speaking skill and developing language skills and I shall not categorise
them as some of them can be used for all about mentioned purposes. Some of
activities I have adapted from other resources, and others I have designed myself.
Speaking skill courses have been successfully organised at Nghe An

continuing Education Centre over the last four years. A great deal of young
learners have been taking part in and quite many of them have made improvement
in speaking.
To improve the students’ effectiveness of learning English and have a
good result in teaching public speaking at Nghe An continuing Education Centre, I
have followed a number of steps to be able to generate enthusiasm in speaking.
Once they have gained, know how to make presentation, they will find speaking
skill easier.

1

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


Above all, for teachers, the facilitators will help them be active, creative,
feel responsible not only does he teach, moderate, but also inspire young learners.
In this paper, I would like to give some ideas about how to help teach speaking
skill effectivelly to help our children feel easier and more confident during their
study. The paper is divided into three parts:
A. Introduction
B. Content
C. Conclusion and recommendation

II. Scope of the Study
In this writing, I’d like to share my suggestions that I have gathered in my
during preparing lessons, on using different kinds of games and communicative
activities as inputs to help our young learners practise and develop English public
speaking skill.
The significances of this study were expected to provide some advantages
for English teaching and learning process. The significances of this study are:

1. For young learners as the subjects of the study, it was expected that they would
take the advantages of the study. They could learn how to improve their skills of
public speaking.
2. For the teachers at Nghe An Continuing Education Centre, it was expected that
the teachers could improve their technique of speaking interestingly and effectively
so that the pupils would enjoy the study.

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


B. CONTENT
I. Literature Review
1. The Importance of Public Speaking
If you ask most people, they'll probably say they don't like speaking skill .
They may even admit to being afraid of it, since fear of speaking is a very
common fear. Or they may just be shy or introverted. For those reasons, many
people avoid speaking if they can. If you're one of those people who avoid
speaking, you're missing out.
Over the years, speaking skillhas played a major role in education,
government, and business. Words have the power to inform, persuade, educate,
and even entertain. And the spoken word can be even more powerful than the
written word in the hands of the right speaker.
Whether you're a small business owner, a student, or just someone who's
passionate about something - you'll benefit if you improve your speaking skills,
both personally and professionally. Some benefits to speaking skill include:
 Improves confidence
 Better research skills
 Stronger deductive skills
 Ability to advocate for causes
Speaking skill is especially important for businesses since they've got a need to

get their message before potential customers and market their business. Sales
people and executives alike are often expected to have good speaking skills. To
learn more about some of the benefits of speaking, review the following article:
2. What Are the Problems of Speaking English?
Even though many people routinely give speeches or presentations for
work or school, they may still experience fear at the idea of having to stand in front
of others and talk. Some speakers can become debilitated by thoughts of what to
say, how to keep the audience’s interest and how to calm nerves. Much of the
anxiety associated with speaking can be minimized, however, if you pay attention
to overcoming the most common problems of speaking.

 Lack of Confidence
If you don't have confidence in yourself, you'll risk alienating the audience.
Being obviously nervous is especially problematic because “when we are nervous,
listeners are more likely to focus on negative vocal and visual cues,” says author
Cheryl Hamilton in “Essentials of Speaking.” Allowing time to prepare and
practice beforehand helps speakers gain the sense of control necessary for the
audience to trust and believe the message.

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


 Lack of Attention to Audience
Make sure you know the audience, or the presentation will be
unsuccessful. Researching their ages, culture, values and current level of
knowledge is essential to shaping the speech’s tone and content. Failing to relate
the material to the audience, to maintain eye contact and to read their expressions
can negatively affect how your speech will be interpreted. Explaining how the
material benefits listeners personally and using anecdotes attracts the audience’s
attention.

 Lack of Organization
You can lose credibility by not spending enough time gathering and
organizing material. Conducting research about the audience, topic and sources are
preliminary steps. Arrange the information into an attention-getting introduction,
craft a paragraph for each of the three most important points, follow them with a
conclusion. Attempting to speak on the fly invites disaster. It's standard practice to
create an outline or put information on note cards to refer to as you speak. This
method helps both the speaker and audience stay on track.

 Lack of Preparedness
Practice the speech in full before delivery. Saying the words helps speakers
hear: where they are rushing words; where to improve word flow and voice
intonation; and how to project enthusiasm. Using technology or other visuals
beforehand makes it possible to catch glitches that could otherwise disrupt the
actual speaking event. Rehearsal also improves familiarity with the material,
enabling speakers to field questions and maintain credibility.

 Lack of Time Management
Run through the speech to ensure it meets time requirements. Many
speakers run overtime because they have not adequately rehearsed and timed the
delivery of their material. “If you are speaking for 10 minutes, rehearse for about
eight,” advise Ronald Adler and Jeanne Elmhorst in their book “Communication at
Work: Principles and Practices for Business and Professions”.
3. How to Become Better Speaking skill
Okay, so now that you understand the benefits of speaking, you might be a
little more interested. Still, you might think it's not for you. Maybe you gave a
speech once and it didn't go well. Maybe you're afraid of speaking. Or maybe you
think you don't have a natural ability for giving speeches.
The truth is that speaking is a skill. It can be learned. While some people

may have more natural speaking ability than others, or a more pleasing voice, or
are more charismatic-anyone who can speak can learn to be a better speaker than
they are right now. It just takes some know-how and some effort.
To help you become better at speaking, we'll take a look at these four areas:

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


 Writing the speech
 Overcoming a fear of speaking
 Practicing the speech
 Giving the speech
4.1. Write an Effective Speech
The first thing you'll want to do is work on writing a well-organized,
engaging speech. Because even if you've got a great speaking voice or a great deal
of charisma, you won't give a good speech if your material isn't any good. The
following tutorials can help you learn to write better speeches:
4.2. Overcome the Fear of Speaking
Fear of speaking is very real and can hold you back if you let it. If you
don't feel confident when giving your speech, your listeners may pick up on that,
making your presentation less effective. Fortunately, there are some techniques
that'll help most people manage their fear of speaking and become more confident.
First, let's tackle fear of speaking. The following tutorials list some
techniques you can use to overcome a fear of speaking:
4.3. Practice the Speech
Even if you're not afraid of speaking, practicing your speech is still an
important step to having an effective speech. If you're in a rush, you may be
tempted to skip practicing your speech to save time. While skipping practice may
seem like a good idea, it's really not.
By practicing your speech not only do you improve your speaking skills,

but you also increase your familiarity with the presentation—making it more likely
that your speech will go smoothly. This tutorial includes a handy checklist to help
you practice your speech (and other tips):
4.4. Give the Speech
Now that you've written a good speech, feel more confident about speaking,
and have practiced—you're ready to actually give the speech. There are some tips
and tricks you can use on the day of your speech to make it go more smoothly,
though. Remember, you're giving a presentation before a live audience at a specific
place and time. So, you've got some concerns about the speaking venue that those
who give online presentations don't have to worry about. Some common concerns
for speakers include:
 Will the audience be able the hear me?
 Does the venue have the equipment I need?
 Are there enough seats for all of my listeners?

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


5. Why developing the confidence of speaking skill is so important for children
The idea of speaking is understandably daunting, having to win over a
bunch of strangers so it’s no wonder why most people stay away from it. However,
the unfortunate thing for those individuals is that they miss out on the one skill that
can positively change the direction of their journey and impact their success
immensely, from securing a job or investors, to increasing sales and building brand
awareness.
There are just countless reasons why you should consider this
communication technique and get into speaking but here are my top 3:

 Winning over the crowd
Sspeaking is a great opportunity to win over a crowd. Look at it this way, the

crowd you’re speaking to are in fact your potential clients. It’s almost a make or
break moment. You have the chance to pretty much sell yourself. Introduce
yourself to the crowd so they can get to know you, build some sort of trust and
credibility with them. Being able to persuade your audience that you are worth the
investment and they should trust you by telling your personal story. Public speaking
is a great avenue for this to happen, they see you live in action and you are able to
create a deeper connection with your audience by applying story-telling secrets,
tonality and more. It provides the chance to express to a crowd why a particular
product, service, idea or even yourself would be beneficial to them as well as
allowing you to put potential customers at rest by touching on any enquiries or
concerns they might have. You pretty much have the power to directly influence
people to buy your product or service.
 To Motivate people
Great public speakers have the ability to push people to either do
something, stop something, reach a goal or drop bad habits. Platforms for public
speaking makes room for this. Being able to encourage your crowd to take an action
through testimonials or live figures of how your personal framework or technique

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


has change your life and the life of your clients. Seeing is believing, public
speaking therefore is your chance to show your audience that making the specified
change or action in their lives is the right move to make. As a public speaker, you
need to convey how passionate and driven you are, inspiring them to be driven in
their own personal endeavours also.
 To inform
I believe that public speaking is one of the best ways to get your message
across. Whilst other communication methods like social media marketing, ads and
email campaigns is effective, there’s no doubt that physical and personal

communication is far more impactful in getting a message out there to a large
audience. This is why public speaking is a game changer. It allows you to inform
people of who you are and/or what you are doing on a more personal and direct
level. It is an opportunity for you to spark new interests and make people who had
no idea who the hell you are wonder how they survived their whole life without you
thus far.

II. English Speaking classes at Nghe An Continuing EducationCentre
A brief overview of Public speaking courses
Running more than 15 classes so far with different learners of mixed
ability and competency, a great deal of lessons and experiences have been drawn
out, which are crucial for our next tutoring. I have made an investigation into the
matter and found that the regular mode of training and handbook activities did not
seem to bring good performances to our learners. Thus, I have put these initiatives
afterwards on public speaking and through all class above, I am quite confident
that these have brought a good return.

III. Supplementary activities as inputs for English speaking classes
1. Definition of input in second language learning
Input refers to the exposure learners have to authentic language in use.
This can be from various sources, including the teacher, other learners, the
environment around the learners and keeping them in our brain. Input can be
compared to intake, which is input then taken in and internalized by the learner so
it can be applied.
Input learning consists of:
 Memorize vocabularies
 Study grammar rules
 Take online lessons
 Read English books
 Watch movies, dramas, online video clips

 Listen to audio files and podcasts

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


 The brain produces sentences based on the sentences it has seen or heard
(input). So the way to improve is to feed your brain with a lot of input correct and understandable sentences (written or spoken). Before you can
start speaking and writing in a foreign language, your brain must get enough
correct sentences in that language.
2. Typical games and activities applied for English speaking skill
2.1. Memory check
 Aims: To help learners remember vocabulary and structure to speak out in
class
 Organization: Groups
 Time allowed: 10 minutes
 Variations: Food, Drink, Toys, Sport, Animal, Rooms, Objects
 Materials Required: A computer in the classroom, powerpoint file
 Procedure:
- Each team look at their picture on the screen in 30 seconds or 1 minute and
try to remember it
- In group speak out as many sentences as possible about the pictures using
structures: “I’ve got....”, “ There is, there are...............on, in, under.....”..
- The whole team come to the board to describe their picture, saying one by
one, the other team give feedback by showing the picture on the screen
- If they have correct sentences they will get ten points
- The group with more points will be the winner
 Lesson applied: “My favourite room” - Movers level
2.2. Hidden Object Game
A hidden object game (or hidden picture game) is a casual game in which
the player must find items from a list that are hidden within a picture. Hidden

object games are a popular trend in casual gaming, and are comparatively
inexpensive to buy. All hidden object games require you to find lists of objects
within a busy scene.
 Aims: To help learners think of vocabulary relating to certain topics
 Organization: Groups
 Time allowed: 10 minutes
 Variations: Food, Drink, Toys, Sport, Animal, Festival, Technology, Wonders,
Famous people.
 Materials Required: A computer in the classroom, powerpoint file

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


 Procedure:
- Each team looks at the hidden pictures and clues, then guess the words.
- The team who speaks out the word or the picture will be the winner.
 Lesson applied: “My favourite animal” - Movers level

Example 2: lesson 11 “My house” - Starters level

Example 3: lesson 5 “My favourite animal” - Starters level

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


2.3. Jigsaw puzzle game
A jigsaw puzzle is a tiling puzzle that requires the assembly of often oddly
shaped interlocking and tessellating pieces. Each piece usually has a small part of a
picture on it; when complete, a jigsaw puzzle produces a complete picture. In some
cases, more advanced types have appeared on the market, such as spherical jigsaws

and puzzles showing optical illusions.
Jigsaw puzzles were originally created by painting a picture on a flat,
rectangular piece of wood, and then cutting that picture into small pieces with
a jigsaw, hence the name. John Spilsbury, a London cartographer and engraver, is
credited with commercializing jigsaw puzzles around 1760.[1] Jigsaw puzzles have
since come to be made primarily of cardboard.
 Aims: To help learners think of vocabulary relating to certain topics
 Organization: Groups
 Time allowed: 10 minutes
 Variations: Food, Drink, Toys, Sport, Animal, Festival, Technology, Wonders,
Famous people.
 Materials Required: A computer in the classroom, powerpoint file
 Procedure:
- Each team looks at the hidden pictures and clues, then guess the words.
- The team who speaks out the word or the picture will be the winner.
 Lesson applied: “My favourite toy” - Starters level

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


2.4. Memory game
Memory games are considered as one of the primary methods for ensuring
that our brains are working at their best. These games have become a subject of
great interest to people because they are founded on sound science. Memory is the
ability to register, store, hold and retrieve new information. Memory can be
divided into some distinct sections that is, short term or working memory and long
term memory. Working memory is a key aspect of how we deal with temporarily
retained information, whereas long term memory or permanent memory concerns
itself with all that we can do accurately and rapidly. Knowledge can be stored as
episodic memory, the form of memory that stores events in the precise order in

which they happened.
 Aims: To help learners think of vocabulary relating to certain topics
 Organization: Group
 Time allowed: 10 minutes
 Variations: Food, Drink, Toys, Sports, Animal, Festival, Technology,
Wonders, Famous people, Subjects
 Materials Required: A computer in the classroom, powerpoint file
 Procedure: Spread cards randomly over the playing surface, face down, until
none overlap. Players take it in turn to pick two cards of their choosing. If the
cards have the same rank (two sixes, for example), the player keeps the pair
and plays again. If not, the cards are returned to their face-down position and
it's the next person's turn. Play until all the cards have been matched. The
player with the most pairs wins.
 Lesson applied: “Sport” - Flyers level

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


Lesson applied: “Festivals” - Movers level

2.5. Riddles
A riddle is a question, a puzzle, a phrase, or a statement devised to get
unexpected or clever answers. It is a folklore genre as well as rhetorical device,
often having veiled or double meanings. When someone uses it as a puzzle or a
question, it could be a thought-provoking challenge for the audienceto figure it out
themselves, or it could be a funny comment intended to make the audience laugh.
Some riddles show the wit of protagonists in a narrative, allowing them to
escape a terrible situation by using their wit rather than their strength. Often times,
puzzling riddles tell us that we cannot answer some questions, leading to hours of
perturbed head scratching. However, they open our minds to a number of

possibilities.
 Aims: To help learners think of vocabulary relating to certain topics
 Organization: Group
 Time allowed: 10 minutes
 Variations: Food, Drink, Toys, Sport, Animal, Festival, Technology, Wonders,
Famous people.
 Materials Required: A computer in the classroom, powerpoint file
 Procedure:

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


-

Look at the questions on the slide and teams choose the best answer

-

The team who gets the right answer in the shortest time will be the winner

 Lesson applied: “My favourite toy” - Starters level

Lesson applied “Subjects” - Movers level

Lesson applied “Festival” - Movers & Flyers level

2.6. Catch phrase

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add

 Aims: To help learners think of vocabulary relating to certain topics
 Organization: Groups
 Time allowed: 10 minutes
 Variations: Food, Drink, Toys, Sport, Animal, Festival, Technology, Wonders,
Famous people.
 Materials Required: A computer in the classroom, powerpoint file
 Procedure:
- Look at the picture on the slide and match the two pictures and it makes a
word
- The team who gets the right answer in the shortest time will be the winner
 Lesson applied: “My favourite animal” - Flyers level

Lesson applied “Food & drink” - Flyers level

3.3. Guessing Ga

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


2.7. Guessing game
A guessing game is a game in which the object is to guess some kind of
information, such as a word, a phrase, a title, or the location of an object. Many of
the games are played co-operatively. In some games some player know the answer,
but cannot tell the other, instead they must help them to guess it.
 Aims: To introduce learners vocabulary or information relating to certain
topics
 Organization: Group
 Time allowed: 10 minutes
 Variations: Food, Drink, Toys, Sport, Animal, Festival, Technology, Wonders,

Famous people.
 Materials Required: A computer in the classroom, powerpoint file
 Procedure: Each player takes a card. This card represents the character your
opponent has to guess and the character you have to answer questions about.
The player begins by asking the other players a characteristic found on on one
of his/her characters. Example: “ Does your character have brown hair?”If
they say, “yes,” the asking player flips over all of the characters without
brown hair. If they say, “no,” the asking player flips over the characters that
have brown hair. Through the process of elimination, players will eventually
be able to “guess” the name of the opponents character. Each player gets one
yes or no question per turn and may only guess (to win the game) once per
game. If a player successfully guesses their opponents hidden character then
they win; if their guess is wrong then they lose.
 Lesson applied: “Food & drink” - Movers level

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


2.8. Board Game
A board game is a game that involves counters or pieces moved or placed
on a pre-marked surface or "board", according to a set of rules. Games can be
based on pure strategy, chance or a mixture of the two, and usually have a goal that
a player aims to achieve. Early board games represented a battle between two
armies, and most current board games are still based on defeating opposing players
in terms of counters, winning position or accrual of points. There are many
different types and styles of board games. Their representation of real-life
situations can range from having no inherent theme, as with checkers, to having a
specific theme and narrative, as with Cluedo. Rules can range from the very
simple, as in Tic-tac-toe, to those describing a game universe in great detail, as in
Dungeons & Dragons. The amount of time required to learn to play or master a

game varies greatly from game to game. Learning time does not necessarily
correlate with the number or complexity of rules; some games, such as chess or
Go, have simple rulesets while possessing profound strategies.
 Aims: Learners explore themselves their vocabulary and structures as well as
their friends’.
 Organization: Pairs or groups
 Time allowed: 10 minutes
 Variations: Food, Drink, Toys, Sport, Animal, Festival, Technology, Wonders,
Famous people.
 Materials Required: A computer in the classroom, powerpoint file
 Procedure:
- Deliver the handouts to the students.
- Each student of a pair or group in turn shake a dice and ask the questions,
the others will answer..
 Lesson applied: “Hobbies” - Movers level

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


Lesson applied “Sports” - Flyers level

2.9. Word search
A word search is a word game that consists of the letters of words placed
in a grid, which usually has a rectangular or square shape. The objective of this
puzzle is to find and mark all the words hidden inside the box. The words may be
placed horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. Often a list of the hidden words is
provided, but more challenging puzzles may not provide a list. Many word search

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


puzzles have a theme to which all the hidden words are related such as food,
animals, or colors. The puzzles have, like crosswords and arrowords, become very
popular. Also in common with these latter puzzles, have had complete books
and mobile applications devoted to them.
 Aims: To introduce learners vocabulary relating to certain topics.
 Organization: Individuals, pairs or groups
 Time allowed: 10 minutes
 Variations: Food, Drink, Toys, Sport, Animal, Festival, Technology, Wonders,
Famous people.
 Materials Required: A computer in the classroom, powerpoint file and
handouts.
 Procedure:
- Deliver the handouts to the students.
- Follow the instructions in the handouts and do the task.
 Lesson applied: “Food and drinks” - Movers & Flyers level

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


Lesson applied “School” - Starters level

Lesson applied “Sports” - Movers & Flyers level

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add

3.6. Hangman
Hangman is a classic paper and pencil game. The idea of the gallows may
be a little morbid, but it also adds to the excitement of the game, especially for
boys. Everyone wants to save the poor person from a grim fate!
TO WIN: The executioner wins if the full body is hanging from the gallows. The
guesser(s) wins if they guess the word before the person is hung.
 Aims: To introduce learners vocabulary relating to certain topics.
 Organization: pairs or groups
 Time allowed: 10 minutes
 Variations: Food, Drink, Toys, Sports, Animals, Festivals …
 Materials Required: A computer in the classroom, powerpoint file and
handouts.
 Procedure: Choose one person to be the executioner. That person will think of
a word or short phrase an mark out blanks (short lines) for each letter of each word.
Separate words with either a slash, a fairly wide gap, or place words on separate
lines. Then another player will guess a letter. If that letter is in the word(s) then
write the letter in everywhere it would appear, an cross out that letter in the
alphabet. If the letter isn't in the word then add a body part to the gallows (head,
body, left arm, right arm, left leg, right leg). The player will continue guessing
letters until they can either solve the word (or phrase) or all six body parts are on
the gallows.
 Lesson applied: “My favourite animals” - Movers & Flyers level

4. Typical activities applied for while-public speaking

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


4.1. Matching “Seasons” - Movers & Flyers level

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


Lesson applied “Introduction” - Starters level

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add


4.2. Crossword
A crossword is a word puzzle that usually takes the form of a square or
a rectangular grid of white-and black-shaded squares. The game's goal is to fill the
white squares with letters, forming words or phrases, by solving clues, which lead
to the answers. In languages that are written left-to-right, the answer words and
phrases are placed in the grid from left to right and from top to bottom. The shaded
squares are used to separate the words or phrases.
 Aims: To To introduce learners vocabulary or information relating to certain
topics
 Organization: Individuals
 Time allowed: 10 minutes
 Variations: Food, Drink, Toys, Sport, Animal, Festival, Technology, Wonders,
Famous people.
 Materials Required: A computer in the classroom, powerpoint file
 Procedure:
- Deliver the handouts to the students.
- Follow the instructions in the handouts and do the task.
 Lesson applied: “Holidays” - Flyers level

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add

LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add