Luận văn thạc sĩ VNU ULIS a contrastive analysis on lexical cohesive devices used in business news on english and vietnamese online newspapers

VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HA NOI
UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES
FACULTY OF POST - GRADUATE STUDIES

-----***-----

PHẠM THỊ TỐ LOAN

A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS ON LEXICAL COHESIVE DEVICES
USED IN BUSINESS NEWS ON ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE ONLINE
NEWSPAPERS

(PHÂN TÍCH ĐỐI CHIẾU CÁC PHƯƠNG TIỆN LIÊN KẾT TỪ
VỰNG TRONG TIN TỨC KINH TẾ TRÊN CÁC BÁO ĐIỆN TỬ
TIẾNG ANH VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT)

M.A. MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS

Field: English Linguistics
Code: 60.22.02.01

HA NOI, 2014

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VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HA NOI
UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES
FACULTY OF POST - GRADUATE STUDIES

-----***-----

PHẠM THỊ TỐ LOAN

A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS ON LEXICAL COHESIVE DEVICES
USED IN BUSINESS NEWS ON ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE ONLINE
NEWSPAPERS

(PHÂN TÍCH ĐỐI CHIẾU CÁC PHƯƠNG TIỆN LIÊN KẾT TỪ
VỰNG TRONG TIN TỨC KINH TẾ TRÊN CÁC BÁO ĐIỆN TỬ
TIẾNG ANH VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT)

M.A. MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS

Field: English Linguistics
Code: 60.22.02.01
Supervisor: Dr. Ngô Tự Lập

HA NOI, 2014

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CERTIFICATION OF ORIGINALITY
I hereby certify that the thesis entitled “A Contrastive Analysis on Lexical
Cohesive Devices Used in Business News on English and Vietnamese Online
Newspapers” is my own study in the fulfillment of the requirement for the Degree
of Master of Arts at Faculty of Post-Graduate Studies, University of Languages and
International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

Hanoi, 2014

Phạm Thị Tố Loan

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my
supervisor, Dr. Ngô Tự Lập for his profound knowledge, constant encouragement
and invaluable advice without which the study would not have been possible.
My heartfelt thanks also go to my colleagues at Vietnam University of
Commerce for their substantial help and unconditional support.
I especially owe a debt of gratitude to my adorable son, my caring husband,
and my thoughtful parents who give me ample inspiration, strength and willpower
in the completion of my thesis.
Lastly, my gratefulness is also extended to linguists in reference section whose
ideas and viewpoints significantly enlighten me and lead me to the right track.

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ABSTRACTS
The purpose of this study is to work towards the similarities and differences
between lexical cohesive devices used in business news on English and Vietnamese
online newspapers. With this aim, 30 news items are taken from prestigious

websites, such as BBC, CNN, Vneconomy, Cafef for calculating, synthesizing and
analyzing the use of lexical cohesive devices in both languages. The result shows
that the repetition proves to be the most effective and predominant device in both
English and Vietnamese news. It is also revealed that the Adjective+Noun
collocation in English news appears to exert its dominance over Vietnamese one.
However, Vietnamese news has the tendency to use the largest portion of
Noun+Noun pattern among all types of collocation. The results will facilitate
English majors to write cohesive essays and produce accurate translation between
English and Vietnamese news. Additionally, the study also put forth some
suggestions for further research in the future. It is hoped that the findings and
implications for learning and teaching English in this thesis will ensure a surefire
success for English majors in the pursuit of advanced English.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgment …………………………………………………………………. ii
Abstract………………………………………………………………………...….iii
Tables of contents ………………………………………………………….……...iv
List of Abbreviations ………………………………………………….……….....vi
List of tables ……………………………...……………………………………....vii
List of figures……………………………………………………...……………...viii
PART A: INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………1
1. Rationale ……………………………………………………………………...…1
2. Aims of the study………………………………………………………………...2
3. Research questions of the study………………………………………….……….2
4. Scope of the study ………………………………………………………..………3

5. Methods of the study …………………………………………………….…….…3
6. Design of the study ……………………………………………………………...4
PART B: DEVELOPMENT …………………………………………..………....…5
CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW…………………………………………5
1.1. Cohesion………………………………………………………………………..5
1.1.1. The concept of cohesion……………………………………………...…...5
1.1.2. Cohesion vs Coherence………………………………………………….6
1.1.3. Types of cohesion……………………………………………………….6
1.1.4. Lexical cohesion………………………………………………………...8
1.1.4.1. Reiteration……………………………………………………………..9
1.1.4.2. Collocation………………………………………………………..….11
1.2. Online newspapers………………………………………………………
…...12
1.2.1.Definition of online newspaper…………………………………………12
1.2.2. Features of online newspapers…………………………………………13
1.3. News …………………………………………………………………………..14
1.3.1. Definition………………………………………………………………14
1.3.2. Characteristics of news………………………………………………...15
1.3.3. Business news………………………………………………………….15
1.4. Related studies…………………………………………………………….….16
CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH METHOD……………………………………...….18

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2.1. The subjects of the study…………………………………………..…….18
2.2. Methodology…………………………………………………...……..….22
CHAPTER 3: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION …………………...……...……23

3.1. Frequency of using lexical cohesive devices in English and Vietnamese
online newspapers. ………………………………………………………..….22
3.1.1. Reiteration………….…………………………………………….....….23
3.1.2. Collocation…………………………………………………….....…….25
3.2. Similarities and differences in the use of lexical cohesive devices in
business news on English and Vietnamese online newspapers.………...……28
3.2.1. Similarities………………………………………………...………..….28
3.2.2. Differences……………………………………………...………..…….32
PART C: CONCLUSION……………………………………………….…..…….35
1. Recapitulation …………………………………………....………...……..……35
2. Implications…………………………………………………………………….37
3. Limitations of the study…………………………….………………………….38
5. Suggestions for further research……………………………………..……….39
REFERENCES ……………………………………………………..…………….40
APPENDICES

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
BNE:

Business news in English

BNVN:

Business news in Vietnamese

V+N:

Verb+Noun

Adj+N:

Adjective+Noun

N+V:

Noun+Verb

N+N:

Noun+Noun

Adj+N:

Adjective+Noun

Adv+Adj:

Adverb+Adjective

V+Adv:

Verb+Adverb

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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1: Type of Cohesion……………………………………………….

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Table 1.2: Grammatical and Lexical Cohesion…………………………….

8

Table 2.1: List of business news on English online newspapers…………...

19

Table 2.2: List of business news on Vienamese online newspapers……….. 21
Table 3.1: The frequency of reiteration in business news on Vietnamese

23

online newspapers…………………………………………………………..
Table 3.2: The frequency of reiteration in business news on English online

24

newspapers………………………………………………………………….
Table 3.3: The frequency of reiteration in business news on English and

24

Vietnamese online newspaper………………………………………………
Table 3.4: The frequency of collocation in business news on English

26

online newspapers…………………………………………………………..
Table 3.5: The frequency of collocation in business news on English

27

online newspapers…………………………………………………………..
Table 3.6: The frequency of collocation in business news on English and

27

Vietnamese online newspapers……………………………………………

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1: Logos of some prestigious English online newspapers

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Figure 1.2: Logos of some famous Vietnamese online newspapers

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PART A - INTRODUCTION
1. Rationale
Nowadays, the widespread use of the Internet has made it possible for people
to update news anywhere and anytime through online newspapers. Apparently,
online newspaper is a crucial part of our life as it keeps us well-informed about
what is happening around us within one click. An enormous amount of news on
daily newspapers provides us with the latest national and international events on a
wide range of topics such as: business, sports, education, society, politics, culture,
etc. News not only helps to increase our knowledge but also serves as a source of
entertainment. With this in mind, the author has made an attempt to do research
concerning with news, staying focus on online news due to the ubiquitous of the
Internet.
Additionally, as an English teacher at Vietnam University of Commerce, the
author has many chances to approach business English and takes interest in teaching
business English to students in general and English majors in particular. In an effort
to improve business English to students, the author has adopted authentic materials
including business online news which proves to be very effective and convenient in
class. Besides, students are also encouraged to spend time reading business online
news at home as it is very beneficial to them in many ways. The most recognizable
benefits involve the increased knowledge and extended vocabulary in business.
However, there is a strong likelihood that students often encounter a lot of
troubles in comprehending the news due to the complicated semantic relation

between the lexical items in the text or numerous new words in the news. Thus,
understanding cohesive devices within a text gives students more insight into how
writers organize what they want to say since lexical cohesion deals with meaning in
text. Halliday and Hasan (1976) claimed that “cohesive effect is achieved by the
selection of vocabulary”. To some extend, an acquisition of lexical cohesive devices
will facilitate understanding of business news among students.

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Furthermore, the writer has the ambition to make a distinction of the lexical
cohesive devices used in business news between English and Vietnamese online
newspapers with the aim to figure out the similarities and differences of business
news in both languages. Thus, the study entitled “A contrastive analysis of lexical
cohesive devices used in business news on English and Vietnamese online
newspapers” was conducted to achieve this aim. The findings of the study will
hopefully lay a solid foundation to both teachers and learners in the mastery of
business English news; more importantly, create background for translation
between the two languages and consequently, enhance the teaching and learning of
business English.
2. Aims of the study
The main aims of the thesis are as follows:
- To figure out the types of lexical cohesive devices in business news on English
and Vietnamese online newspapers.
- To identify the frequency and roles of lexical cohesive devices that attribute to the
success of business news in Vietnamese and English online newspaper.
- To pinpoint the similarities and differences between lexical cohesive devices used
in English and Vietnamese online business news.

3. The research questions of the study
In order to achieve the aforementioned aims, the study is intended to find out the
answer to three following research questions:
1. What are the types of lexical cohesive devices used in business news on
English and Vietnamese online newspapers?

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2. How frequent are lexical cohesive devices used in English and Vietnamese
online business news and their corresponding roles?
3. What are the similarities and differences in the use of lexical cohesive
devices between English and Vietnamese online business news?
4. Scope of the study
Currently, online newspapers offer a large number of issues namely: Sport,
Entertainment, Political, Technology, Health, Business, etc. However, within the
framework of this minor thesis, the author only has intention to focus on the use of
lexical cohesive devices in online Business news.
It is noted that the ubiquitous Internet has made it easier for readers to access
to a wide range of online newspapers than ever before. Multitude of newspapers in
English consist of BBC, CNN, AP, AFP, CNBC, ABCNEWS, REUTERS,
BLOOMBERGE, etc. Likewise, newspapers in Vietnamese comprise a number of
sites like VNEXPRESS, VNECONOMY, CAFEF, DANTRI, VIETNAMNET,
THANHNIEN, TUOITRE, LAODONG, and the list goes on. Due to countless sites
with numerous articles released and updated every minute daily, the author merely
desire to select business news from two prestigious agencies in English including
BBC (www.bbc.com) and CNN (www.edition.cnn.com) and two business oriented
websites in Vietnamese namely, VNECONOMY (www.vneconmy.vn) and CAFEF

(www.cafef.vn).
As clearly stated above, the focus of the study work towards the similarities
and differences of lexical cohesive devices used in business news on English and
Vietnamese online newspapers.
5. Methods of the study
In the completion of the study, a variety of methods has been adopted,
among which the main methods are qualitative and quantitative. The data is taken
from 30 business articles on both English and Vietnamese online newspapers (15

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articles on English online newspapers and 15 articles on Vietnamese ones) to
distinguish the similarities and differences. This method involves three steps: first,
identify common types of cohesive devices used in English and Vietnamese online
business news, then figure out the frequency of occurrence of such lexical cohesive
devices and finally, compare and contrast to pinpoint how the two languages
resemble and differ from each other. Invariably, other techniques such as reference
to materials, consultation with the supervisor, and personal observations also count.
6. Design of the study
The study is composed of three main parts organized as follows:
Part 1 – INTRODUCTION specifies the background of the study which
covers a wide range of information such as rationale, aims, research questions,
scope, methods, and design of the study.
Part 2 – DEVELOPMENT is broken into three chapters.
Chapter 1 provides an overview of literature on cohesion, lexical cohesion,
online newspapers, news in general and business news in particular.
Chapter 2 discusses the research method of the study.

Chapter 3 deals with the findings and discussion of the study.
Part 3 – CONCLUSION summarizes the main issues of the study,
accompanied by limitations and suggestions for further study. Additionally, some
possible implications for language teaching, learning and translations when using
business news as materials in classroom are presented.

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PART B - DEVELOPMENT
CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW
1.1. Cohesion
1.1.1. The concept of cohesion
Cohesion is involved with lexical, grammatical, and other relations which
connect different parts of a text. Halliday and Hasan (1976) hold the view that the
primary factor of whether a set of sentences do or do not constitute a text depends
on cohesive relationships within and between the sentences, which create texture.
Halliday and Hasan (1976) stated that:
Cohesion occurs where the interpretation of some element in the discourse is
dependent on that of another. The one presupposes the other, in the sense that it
cannot be effectively decoded except by recourse to it. When this happens, a
relation of cohesion is set up, and the two elements, the presupposing and the
presupposed, are thereby at least potentially integrated into the text. (Halliday and
Hassan 1976:4)

The concept of cohesion is thus a semantic one, and like all the components
of semantic system cohesion is realized through grammar and vocabulary. Cohesion
can therefore be broken into grammatical and lexical cohesion. Grammatical

cohesion includes devices such as reference, substitution, ellipsis and conjunction,
whereas lexical cohesion is divided into reiteration (repetition, synonymy, near
synonym, and superordinate) and collocation (co-occurrence of lexical items)
(Halliday and Hasan 1976).
In a word, cohesion refers to the linguistic constituents that make a discourse
semantically coherent; or according to Hoa (2000: 23) “cohesion refers to the
formal relationship that causes texts to cohere or stick together”.

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1.1.2. Cohesion vs Coherence
It is common knowledge that the terms cohesion and coherence are
frequently used in discourse analysis and text linguistics to describe the properties
of written texts. However, there is a clear distinction between these two terms as
they differ from each other. Cohesion can be lexical and grammatical links that
connect one part of a discourse to another. This involves the use of repetition,
synonym, superordinate grammatical reference, collocation, etc. For example, “first
of all”, “then” and “finally” are used to create the sequence of a discourse.
“However”, “moreover”, or “in addition” link ideas and arguments in a discourse.
On the other hand, coherence refers to the unity created between the ideas,
sentences, paragraphs and sections of a piece of writing. It also gives the reader a
sense of what to expect and, therefore, makes the reading easier to follow as the
ideas appear to be presented in a natural way.
In other words, cohesion is considered as glue that sticks together from
sentence and sentence, and from paragraph and paragraph. Meanwhile, coherence is
concerned with sequences of ideas which relate to each other and it places much
emphasis on meaning.

1.1.3. Types of cohesion
As mentioned above, cohesion is divided into two types, namely
grammatical cohesion (reference, substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction), and lexical
cohesion which include “reiteration” or “collocation”. Reiteration is not only the
repetition of the same lexical item but also the occurrence of a related item which
may be a synonym, a near synonym or a superordinate (Halliday & Hasan,
1976:279), and collocation is achieved through the association of lexical items that
regularly co-occur (Halliday & Hasan 1976:284).

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According to Halliday and Hasan (1976), cohesion is classified according to
linguistic form. Types of cohesion depends either on semantic relation in the
linguistic system or on lexico-grammatical relations. In other words, the cohesive
relation can be interpreted as being either lexicogrammatical in nature or semantic.
It can be illustrated clearly in the following description:
Nature of cohesive relation
Relatedness of form

Types of cohesion
Substitution

and

ellipsis;

lexical

collocation
Relatedness of reference

Reference; lexical reiteration

Semantic connection

Conjunction
(Haliday and Hasan, 1976:304)
Table 1.1: Types of Cohesion

Reference, substitution and ellipsis and conjunctions are four types of
grammatical cohesion while lexical cohesion encompasses reiteration and
collocation. We can refer to grammatical cohesion and lexical cohesion as follows:
Grammatical cohesion

Lexical cohesion

1. Reference

1. Reiteration

- Personal reference

- Same word/repetition

- Demonstrative reference

- Synonym

- Comparative reference

- Near synonyms
- Superordinates

2. Substitution
2. Collocation
- Nominal substitution
- Verb + Noun

- Verbal substitution

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- Adjective + Noun

- Clausal substitution

- Noun + Verb

3. Ellipsis

- Noun1 + Noun2

- Nominal ellipsis
- Verbal ellipsis

- Adverb + Adjective

- Clausal ellipsis
- Verb + Adverb
4. Conjunction
- Additive
- Adversative
- Causal
- Temporal

(Halliday and Hasan, 1976; Benson et al, 1986)
Table 1.2: Grammatical and Lexical Cohesion
1.1.4. Lexical cohesion
Lexical cohesion refers to close relationships in meaning between lexical
items in a text and, more precisely, content words and the relationship between
them. Apparently, cohesion occurs when the interpretation of some components in
the discourse is dependent on that of another. There are two main kinds of lexical
cohesion which are reiteration (including repetition, synonym, near-synonym,
superordinate) and collocation.

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1.1.4.1. Reiteration
Reiteration is a form of lexical cohesion which comprises the repetition of a
lexical item, or the use of words which have similar meaning, so-called synonym or
near-synonym, or the use of words which have specific – general relation as in

superordinate.
Repetition
Repetition is concerned with words that are repeated in a text. This involves
words which are inflected for tense or number and words which are derived from
particular items such as Stu and Stuart.
In the following example, mushroom is repeated twice to ensure the cohesion
of the text:
There was a large mushroom growing near her, about the same height as herself;
and when she had looked under it, it occurred to her that she might as well look and
see what was on the top of it.
She stretched herself up on tiptoe, and peeped over the edge of the mushroom,…

(Halliday and Hassan 1976:278)
Needless to say, this is the most occurring form of lexical cohesion since it is
merely identical to the preceding lexical items.
Synonym
Synonym refers to words which are similar in meaning such as ascent and
climb in the below illustration:
“Accordingly … I took leave, and turned to the ascent of the peak. The climb is
perfectly easy …” (Halliday and Hassan 1976:278)

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Climb refers back to ascent in a way that both terms have the same level of
generality and are therefore synonym in a narrower sense.
Near-synonym
Near synonyms are words that have the same meaning but differ in lexical

nuances. Hassan and Halliday (1976) exemplified this issue with the following
extract:
Then quickly rose Sir Bedivere, and ran,
And leaping down the ridges lightly, plung’d
Among the bulrush beds, and clutch’d the sword
And lightly wheel’d and threw it. The great brand
Made light’nings in the spendour of the moon…

In this example, brand refers back to sword, of which it is a near synonym.
Superordinate
One more method of linking words in a text and creating coherence is to
refer back to a word by using what is called a superordinate. Here is an example:
“Henry’s bought himself a new Jaguar. He practically lives in the car” (Halliday
and Hassan 1976:278)
In this case, car refers back to Jaguar; and car is a superordinate of Jaguar –
that is, a name for a more general class. Likewise, vehicle is a superordinate of car;
spoon is superordinate of teaspoon, flower of rose, and so on.

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1.1.4.2. Collocation
Collocation refers to the natural combination of words, the way in which
English words are closely associated with each other.
Benson, Benson and Ilson (1986a-b) defined collocation as follows:
In English, as in other languages, there are many fixed, identifiable, non-idiomatic
phrases and constructions. Such group of words are called recurrent combinations,
fixed combinations, or collocations. Collocations fall into two major groups:

grammatical collocations and lexical collocations. (1986b: ix)

Examples of grammatical collocations include: account for, by accident, take
over, etc. They consist of a noun, an adjective, or a verb, plus a preposition of
grammatical structure such as an infinitive or clause. Lexical collocations, on the
other hand, do not contain prepositions, infinitives, or clauses, but consist of various
combinations of nouns, adjectives verbs and adverbs. Benson (1986) categorizes
several types of lexical collocations:
1. Verb + Noun: make decision, run a company,
2. Adjective + Noun: strong coffee, profitable business
3. Noun + Verb: economy grows, sales increase
4. Noun1 + Noun2: a herd of buffalo, business trip
5. Adverb + Adjective: slightly different, hugely profitable
6. Verb + Adverb: change rapidly, spend lavishly
Within the scope of this minor thesis, the author has no ambition to cover
both grammatical and lexical collocation. Instead, she just makes an attempt to

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explore the use of lexical collocation in business news on both English and
Vietnamese newspapers.
1.2. Online newspapers
1.2.1. Definition of online newspaper
An online newspaper is the online version of a newspaper, either as a standalone publication or as the online version of a printed periodical. Online newspapers
stand many good chances of competing with broadcast journalism (such as radio
and television) in updating breaking news in a more timely manner. Actually, online
newspapers share some common features with printed newspapers, such as having

legal boundaries regarding libel, pricacy and copyright.
Nowadays, there is an increasing number of online newspapers offering news
about all aspects of life ranging from education to business. Most visited newpapers
in English include: BBC, CNN, Bloomberg, etc. The logos of some best-known
sites in English are presented below.

Figure 1.1: Logos of some prestigious English online newspapers
Regarding online newspapers in Vietnam, on November 19th 1997, our
country officially joined global information network as a direct consequence of
radical growth in online newspapers worldwide. In February 1998, the

online

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version

of

“Que

huong”

became

the

first electronic

Vietnamese

newspapers on the Internet. Up to the present days, Vietnam has witnessed a
boom in the development of hundreds of online newspapers. The following logos
represent prestigious sites of Vietnamese online newspapers:

Figure 1.2: Logos of some famous Vietnamese online newspapers
1.2.2. Features of online newspapers
Online newspapers have the following noticeable features:
 Online newspaper can be published in real time, updating breaking news and
events every minute.
 Online newspaper can comprise multimedia elements such as: text and graphics
(newspapers and books), sound, music, motion video, and animation (broadcast
radio, TV, film), 3D, etc.
 There is a high interactivity on online newspapers. Precisely, hyperlinks help to
link various elements of a lengthy and complex work, introduce numerous
points of view, and add depth and detail. Sometimes online newspapers
comprise of hyperlinked set of web pages which can themselves include
hyperlinks to other websites.

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 Readers can respond instantly to articles presented by the online journalists; this
response can take several forms. Email to the reporter or editor resembles the
traditional letter to editor of print publications, but email letters can be published

much sooner online than in print.
 Online newspapers can also take advantage of threaded discussions that let
readers respond immediately to an article, and to the comments of other readers,
in a bulletin board-style discussion that can be accessed at any time.
1.3. News
1.3.1. Definition
According to Richard Campbell (2013), news was defined as follows:
“News is the communication of selected information on current events which is
presented by print, broadcast, Internet, or word of mouth to a third party or mass
audience.”
Oxford Advanced Learners’ dictionary explains that news is “reports of
recent events that appear in newspapers or on television or radio”
Another noteworthy definition specifies that news is all of the following:
- information, especially information you haven’t heard before,
- something interesting or important to you,
- something that has or will have an impact on you and others,
- what the media report.

(James Schaffer, 2009)

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Putting it all together, we say news is information we haven’t had before that
is delivered through a mass medium and has some impact on our lives.
1.3.2. Characteristics of news
People, events and information that are newsworthy share common
identifiable characteristics. Not all characteristics are present in every news story,

but every item that is newsworthy will have one or more of these characteristics:
timeliness, prominence, proximity, conflict, impact and human interest.
 Timeliness: an event is reported as soon as it happens. An accident, a fire, the
signing of a peace treaty or the result of an election is news when it happens.
 Proninence: is about someone whose name or job (such as the president of the
United States) is well known and easily recognized by the public.
 Proximity: refers to a news story that happens close to home.
 Conflict: involes two sides engaged in a “battle” from which one will emerge the
winner, such as a story about war, an athletic competition or an election.
 Impact: is based on the effect or cosequence the story will have on the audience.
 Human interest: refers to story that satisfies your curiosity about other people
and what happens to them.
1.3.3. Business news
It is without a doubt that business news involves news about business and
investment. The Telegraph online specifies that business news involves “what is
happening in the economy, companies, share and money markets and how you can
make the most of your personal finances.”
With regards to business news on English online newspaper, there is a wide
range of topics such as Markets, Economy, Investing, Small business,
Entrepreneurship, Companies, Stock markets. Likewise, business news on

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