ENGLISH FOR AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING-UNIT 8 doc

HOCHIMINH UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY
FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
ENGLISH FOR AUTOMOBLE
ENGINEERING
LECTURER: LANG VAN THANG
FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
HO CHI MINH UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY
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SUBJECTS
HOCHIMINH UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY
FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
UNIT 8
ENGLISH FOR AUTOMOBILE
ENGINEERING
www.fme.edu.vn
HOCHIMINH UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY
FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
The automobile industry is a fast developing industry. From
the later 18
th
century, when the first automobile was put on
road, this industry has developed tremendously. Now there
are thousands of factories all over the world manufacturing
numerous type of automobile. The automobile engines are
also being used in engine powered machines for agriculture,
construction and manufacturing processes. Various types of
small engines are also being used in lawn movers, power
saws, snow removers and similar equipments. The
automobile industry is a developing and demanding industry
which does not find its end or saturation point. There is a
great demand for varied types of automobile products,

vehicles and engines.
INTRODUCTION
HOCHIMINH UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY
FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
There is also a great demand for trained and experienced
person in this industry for diagnosing motor vehicle
troubles, repairing and replacing engines, components,
transmissions, propeller shafts, differentials, axles, steering
system components, brake system components, air-
conditioners, heater, body and glass work.
The automobile is a self – propelled, wheeled, steerable
vehicle used for transporting people and small cargoes on
land. Automobiles are classified by number of drive wheels
and axles, capacity, sizes, styles, number of doors, and
intended use.
INTRODUCTION
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FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
All passenger cars, trucks, and buses have certain things
in common: a power plant or engine; a chassis, which
consists of the frame, drive-train, suspension, and
steering, and includes the wheels and brakes; the power
train, which transmits and distributes power from the
engine to the car’s driving wheels, and a body, which
provides some protection for driver and passengers and
gives the vehicle shape and identity.
INTRODUCTION
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FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
Throughout the world, many different types of engines

have been used in automobile. Today, generally, they are
internal- combustion engines that burn gasoline or diesel
fuel. Most passenger car engines run on gasoline, are
liquid- cooled, and are of four- stroke, overhead- valve,
reciprocating type, with carburetor or fuel injection.
Almost all automobiles use reciprocating engines, in
which pistons move up and down inside tubular cylinders.
The pistons are connected, by means of an articulated
connecting rod, to a spinning crankshaft, which converts
their back- and –forth movement to circular motion. Some
vehicles have Wankel engines, which contain triangular
rotating pistons that rotate inside combustion chambers.
ENGINE
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The diesel engine, which burns fuel oil, is more common
in large trucks and buses. Diesel engines do not use spark
plug ignition systems. Instead, they spray fuel into the
cylinders, where it is ignited spontaneously by the heat of
compression.
ENGINE
Gasoline Engine
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FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
ENGINE
Gasoline Engine
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An automobile chassis includes the car’s frame, power
train, suspension, wheels, steering, and brake systems.

Earlier cars had full, ladder- type frames on which the body
was mounted in separate pieces. Modern cars are made
from a welded steel uni-body that combines the function of
the frame with the central cabin of the body. The sub-frame,
front or rear, is a small steel brace that supports the engine
or suspension and is welded to the car’s uni-body structure.
The automobile’s wheels are attached to the chassis by a
suspension system consisting of control arms, springs, and
shock absorbers. Spring may be any of three types: coil,
leaf, or torsion bar. Shock absorbers damp vertical wheel
movement and restrict the pitch and roll of the car’s chassis
while it is in motion.
CHASSIS
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The steering system normally controls the angle of the
front wheels relative to the centerline of the car. As the
steering wheel is turned, a gear under the hood changes
the rotary motion to the lateral motion, which is
transmitted by steering arms to the front wheels, causing
them to deflect to the left or right and making the car turn.
Most cars today have power steering, which uses engine
power to reduce the effort of turning of the steering
wheel. Some vehicles use four-wheel steering, which
allows the rear as well as the front wheels to steer,
although too much lesser degree. While this system adds
stability and maneuverability to a vehicle, it also adds
weight, cost, and complexity.
CHASSIS
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FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
To power the brake system, hydraulic fluid in the master
cylinder is forced through brake lines to the wheels, in
proportion to the force applied on the brake pedal. The
pressure of the fluid drives brake shoes or pads against
disks or drums that are fixed to the wheels. Friction from
the brake pads causes the moving wheels to slow or stop.
With power brakes, power from the engine is used to
decrease the pedal pressure needed to stop the car.
CHASSIS
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FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
The power train includes a transmission- manual or
automatic; a clutch on cars with manual transmissions; a
differential; wheel axles; and in rear- drives cars, a drive
shaft. While cars with a front engine, rear drive layout
were the norm for many years, most cars today are front-
engine , front- drive. Front drive creates more passenger
space and offers better traction on snowy or wet roads.
Some cars and light trucks designed to go off road or
through bad weather use all- wheel drive, where all four
wheels are coupled to the engine. Because of the great
difference in engine speed and load between a car that is
accelerating from a stop and one that is cruising at a
steady speed, different gear ratios are needed to match
engine output with the inertial of the vehicle.
POWER TRAIN
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Most automobile transmissions have between two and six

gear ratios, along with reverse gear. When the vehicle is
started from rest, a high gear ratio is needed. As speed
increases, lower gear ratios are selected.
Shifting gear is accomplished in manual transmissions by
a gearshift lever and a clutch, both operated by the driver.
When the driver presses down on the clutch pedal while
shifting gears, the clutch disengages the engine and no
power is sent to the transmission. Automatic
transmissions have internal clutches that disengage the
engine automatically as the gears changes.
POWER TRAIN
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FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
POWER TRAIN
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Automobile bodies are usually made of stamped steel or
cast fiberglass. Body styles include two-door, four-door,
hatchback, convertible, station wagon, and minivan.
Sports cars have no hard tops and are usually low and
wide. Designers attempt to produce models that are
appealing to the eye, resemble other products from the
same manufacturer, and are aerodynamically efficient.
Low wind resistance makes for good fuel economy and
reduces noise-causing turbulence, making a quieter inside
environment for passengers.
BODY
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BODY

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FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
CHECKING READING AND COMPREHENTION
Put True or False to indicate if the statements below are
True or False according to the facts in the reading text
1.In gasoline engines, fuel is ignited by
compression whereas in diesel engines, it is
ignited by a spark plug.
2.The conversion of the back- and- forth
movement of the piston into the circular
movement is unnecessary in Wankel engines.
3.The uni-body serves as the car’s frame and the
central cabin.
4.The power steering system makes it easier for
the drivers to steer automobiles.
HOCHIMINH UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY
FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
CHECKING READING AND COMPREHENTION
Put True or False to indicate if the statements below are
True or False according to the facts in the reading text
5. The steering gear converts the horizontal motion
of the steering wheel into a rotating force that
turns the wheels.
6. Power brakes use pressure from the engine,
requiring less effort by the driver.
7. All wheel drive is an option the driver selects
for certain bad road conditions.
8. Automatic transmissions require drivers to press
down on the clutch pedal while shifting gears.
HOCHIMINH UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY

FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
MATCHING
1. Power plant
2. Power train
3. Chassis
4. Differential gear
5. Gear ratio
6. Suspension
7. Transmission
8. Steering system
9. Axle
10. Clutch
a. the mechanical system,
including gears and shafts, by
which power is transmitted from
the engine of a motor vehicle to the
drive wheels.
b. gears or other devices convert
the rotating motion of the steering
wheel into a horizontal force that
turns the wheels.
c. a system of springs and shock
absorbers on a wheeled vehicle that
reduces the impact of bumps and
uneven running surfaces on the
occupants and gives the wheels
better contact
HOCHIMINH UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY
FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
MATCHING

1. Power plant
2. Power train
3. Chassis
4. Differential gear
5. Gear ratio
6. Suspension
7. Transmission
8. Steering system
9. Axle
10. Clutch
d. the number of revolutions of a
driving gear required to turn a
driven gear through one complete
revolution.
e. an arrangement of gears that
allows two shafts driven by a third
to turn at different speeds, for
example, in a motor vehicle.
f. the portion of a vehicle’s drive
mechanism that transmits power
from the engine to the wheels. It
includes the clutch, transmission,
driveshaft, and differential, and etc.
HOCHIMINH UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY
FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
MATCHING
1. Power plant
2. Power train
3. Chassis
4. Differential gear

5. Gear ratio
6. Suspension
7. Transmission
8. Steering system
9. Axle
10. Clutch
g. the frame and wheels that
support the engine and body of a
motor vehicle.
h. a shaft on which a wheel or set
of wheels revolves, especially a
shaft under the body of a vehicle
that connects a pair of wheels.
i. a unit that supplies the power to
move a self-propelled object, for
example, a diesel- electric engine in
a locomotive or an internal-
combustion engine in an
automobile.
HOCHIMINH UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY
FACUTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINERRING
MATCHING
1. Power plant
2. Power train
3. Chassis
4. Differential gear
5. Gear ratio
6. Suspension
7. Transmission
8. Steering system

9. Axle
10. Clutch
j. a device that enables two rotating
shafts to be connected and
disconnected smoothly, especially
one in a motor vehicle that
transmits power from the engine to
the gearbox.