WRITING REUSABLE STRUCTURES
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
Another noteworthy change that happened was
On the other end of the spectrum = on the other hand
Show = depict = illustrate = give information on ~ compare
Regarding = in terms of
It is evident = It is noticeable
Novel (a) different from anything known before; new, interesting and often
seeming slightly strange
I am a firm advocate of = I have long held the deep-seated belief that
Aid somebody to do something = Help somebody to do something
Make S an object of desire
A standout example of this would be in …, where...
To have a decisive influence on
It is therefore logical that
Take a vital role = play an important role
Foster the acquisition of…
There is a positive correlation between
It is high time + S + VedThe rise of S as… leads to
Once + clause, there is often a concurrent rise in…
A standout example of this would be in…, where…
Commensurate with (matching something in size, importance, quality, etc)
Win their independence (gender equality)
Enjoy the same educational opportunities as…
A variety of = various = a large number of = a substantial of = extensive = a major
number of
There are many reasons, be it …, to explain why
Hold the belief
It cannot be denied that
For the sake of society as a whole
Beyond any doubt
Culturally speaking
I have long held the deep-seated belief that
Having said that
In terms of
S1 + would then be forced to …, as S2 still need + …
From the perspective of
S would be to introduce …, as
I believe that such a notion would bring about more drawbacks than
merits/ more positive influences than demerits
● Infringe upon
● For a variety of reasons
● Boast a boatload of benefits
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
Assimilate to
Large proportions of one’s time
As it is unwise to …
We value and embrace the past, but we cannot walk back into the 1990s.
As … is undoubtedly more essential than …
The fate of
To which we are heading
To shape into … from which point they will shape …
It is true that people hold conflicting views about …
Ample access
It is therefore logical that
These drawbacks are justified by benefits for the natural world
Part and parcel -> an essential or integral component
Young minds
Diverted from (to make somebody/ sth change direction)
Led astray -> away from the correct path or correct way of doing
something
Rife with –> having a large amount of (sth bad or unpleasant)
To a certain extent
Take a vital role
Express a strong preference
Rather than ..., it would be better to …
Ultimately, …
It is mainly by … that S + manage to + O
You can … without … but you will find it a struggle to …
S + can be trusted with …
S + is already proof that you are able to + …
S + is usually an asset when …
S + is more than + O – it needs to …
It is legitimate to …
S + more often leads to despair than to satisfaction
S + blur the boundaries between …
We should make a point of …
S + compensate for …
S + have no other choice but to …
S + … + more/less than their counterparts
S + feel daunted by the prospect of …
It is immoral that some people earn in a month what it takes other
people in the same company a whole year to earn.
A flat structure >< hierarchy
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
Commensurate with
Has a decisive influence on
Conditions should be improved for
There might be a bias toward
Feel content to … rather than
Forcing S1 on S2 does not promote
There is no evidence that
There are still many negative stereotypes about
Implicitly/ directly associate … with
Generally, do as well as or even outperform
See it as their duty to
We should not blindly trust even …, let alone
No longer deprived of …
Make S an object of desire
Anyone irrespective of age, gender, or social class
Foster the acquisition of …
Not built to cope with
There is a positive correlation between
S is structured to provide the right
It is high time
S reflects the degree of civilization in a society
To an extent that would be impossible if
The rise of S as … leads to
Once + clause, there is often a concurrent rise in …
A standout example of this would be in …, where...
TASK 1
● Table = statistics = data
● The number of/ the figure for/ the proportion of/ the percentage of people
who… (relative clause)
● The number of/ the figure for people + V-ing/ reduced relative clause
● There was an increase/ rise/ growth… in the number of …. noun +V-ing/ V-ed
● There was a decrease/ drop/ fall/ decline … in the number of … noun + V-ing/
V-ed
● The chart/ graph/ illustration/ map/ table… shows/ illustrates/ gives
information about/ depicts/ provides information about/ compares….
● People tend to V
● X is the most popular…
● Company A reduced its waste production
● The…. (N: consumption, spending,...) is highest
● People show their preference for…
● People have a tendency to do sth
● A period of time: during the period between X and Y, between X and Y, from X to
Y, during the 1950s, within five years from X to Y, over the period from X to Y,
over a period of 17 (number) years, during the researched/ observed period, at
the beginning/ end of the period shown
● Age group: between X and Y years old, X-to-Y-year-old students, people (who are)
aged X to Y, people who fall into the X to Y age group, in their forties (40-49 years
old)
○ Old people: the elderly= elderly people=senior citizens
○ Young age: the young = teenager = youngster = adolescent = grown youth
○ Middle-aged people = people aged 40 to 60
○ people in early adulthood = people who fall into 20 to 40 age group
TASK 2
AGREE/ DISAGREE ESSAYS
● There is a heated debate over whether something should….
● Over the recent years, it has become a topic of debate as a section of society … as
the …., which/ whereas others oppose/ disagree. Even though both points of
view are sensible, I am in favor of the latter./ Although I can sympathize with
both points of view, I am in favor of …
● Over the recent years, one of the topics that arouse the most controversy/ receive
most attention around the globe is…
ADVANTAGES/ DISADVANTAGES
● Over the recent years, it has become a topic of debate as a section of society
considers … Meanwhile, others argue that …. Even though both points of view
are sensible, I firmly support the opinion that …
● Some people think that it brings a lot of/ multiple benefits while others claim
that its disadvantages can be ignored.
● While there are admittedly several benefits to…, I believe that the negative
influences of this growing development are more glaring.
● While there are admittedly several drawbacks, I believe that the positive
influences of this growing development are more significant.
● In conclusion, despite some of the given counter-arguments, I personally still
strongly believe that this trend has … for all reasons I mentioned above.
CAUSES/ SOLUTIONS
● This essay would attempt to shed light on the primary causes of this situation
before outlining some viable solutions to mitigate the problems.