Trắc nghiệm reading tiếng anh lớp 12 unit 5 cultural identity vndoc com

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TRẮC NGHIỆM TIẾNG ANH 12 MỚI THEO UNIT
UNIT 5: CULTURAL IDENTITY
Bài 1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your
answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Although noise, commonly defined as unwanted sound, is a widely recognized form
of pollution, it is very difficult to measure because the discomfort experienced by
different individuals is highly subjective and, therefore, variable. Exposure to lower
levels of noise may be slightly irritating, whereas exposure to higher levels may
actually cause hearing loss. Particularly in congested urban areas, the noise
produced as a byproduct of our advancing technology causes physical and
psychological harm, and detracts from the quality of life for those who are exposed
to it.
Unlike the eyes, which can be covered by the eyelids against strong light, the ear has
no lid, and is, therefore, always open and vulnerable; noise penetrates without
protection. Noise causes effects that the hearer cannot control and to which the body
never becomes accustomed. Loud noises instinctively signal danger to any organism
with a hearing mechanism, including human beings. In response, heartbeat and
respiration accelerate, blood vessels constrict, the skin pales, and muscles tense. In
fact, there is a general increase in functioning brought about by the flow of
adrenaline released in response to fear, and some of these responses persist even
longer than the noise, occasionally as long as thirty minutes after the sound has
ceased.
Because noise is unavoidable in a complex, industrial society, we are constantly
responding in the same way that we would respond to danger. Recently, researchers


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have concluded that noise and our response may be much more than an annoyance.

It may be a serious threat to physical and psychological health and well-being,
causing damage not only to the ear and brain but also to the heart and stomach. We
have long known that hearing loss is America's number one nonfatal health problem,
but now we are learning that some of us with heart disease and ulcers may be
victims of noise as well. Fetuses exposed to noise tend to be overactive, they cry
easily, and they are more sensitive to gastrointestinal problems after birth. In
addition, the psychic effect of noise is very important. Nervousness, irritability,
tension, and anxiety increase affecting the quality of rest during sleep, and the
efficiency of activities during waking hours, as well as the way that we interact with
each other.
Question 1: Which of the following is the author's main point?
A. Hearing loss is America's number one nonfatal health problem.
B. Loud noises signal danger.
C. Noise may pose a serious threat to our physical and psychological health.
D. The ear is not like the eye.
Question 2: According to the passage, what is noise?
A. byproduct of technology.
B. Physical and psychological harm
C. Congestion.
D. Unwanted sound.


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Question 3: Why is noise difficult to measure?
A. All people do not respond to it in the same way
B. It causes hearing loss.
C. It is unwanted.
D. People become accustomed to it.
Question 4: The word ‘congested’ in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by ___.

A. hazardous
B. crowded
C. polluted
D. rushed
Question 5: The word it in the first paragraph refers to ___.
A. the quality of life
B. advancing technology
C. the noise
D. physical and psychological harm
Question 6: According to the passage, people respond to loud noises in the same
way that they respond to ___.
A. annoyance


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B. danger
C. damage
D. disease
Question 7: Look at the verb accelerate in paragraph 3. Which of the following is
the closest in meaning to _____.
A. decrease
B. alter
C. increase
D. release
Question 8: The phrase ‘as well as’ in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ___.
A. after all
B. instead
C. also
D. regardless

Question 9: It can be inferred from the passage that the eye ___.
A. responds to fear
B. enjoys greater protection than the ear
C. increases functions


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D. is damaged by noise
Đáp án
1. C

2. D

3. A

4. B

6. B

7. C

8. C

9. B

5. C

Bài 2. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions.

In the Native American Navajo nation which sprawls across four states in the
American south-west, the native language is dying. Most of its speakers are middleage or elderly. Although many students take classes in Navajo, the schools are run in
English. Street sign, supermarket goods and even their own newspaper are all in
English. Not surprisingly, linguists doubt that any native speakers of Navajo will
remain in a hundred years' time.
Navajo is far from alone. Half the world's 6,800 languages are likely to vanish
within two generations - that's one language lost every ten days. Never before has
the planet's linguistic diversity shrunk at such a pace. Isolation breeds linguistic
diversity as a result, the world is peppered with languages spoken by only a few
people. Only 250 languages have more than a million speakers, and at least 3,000
have fewer than 2,500. It is not necessarily these small languages that are about to
disappear. Navajo is considered endangered despite having 150,000 speakers. What
makes a language endangered is not that the number of speakers, but how old they
are. If it is spoken by children it is relatively safe. The critically endangered
languages are those that are only spoken by the elderly, according to Michael Krauss,
director of the Alaska Native Language Center, in Fairbanks.


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Why do people reject the language of their parent? It begins with a crisis of
confidence, when a small community finds itself alongside a larger, wealthier
society, says Nicholas Ostler of Britain's Foundation for Endangered Languages, in
Bath. “People lose faith in their culture” he says. "When the next generation reaches
their teens, they might not want to be induced into the old tradition.” The change is
not always voluntary. Quite often, governments try to kill off a minority language by
banning its use in public or discouraging its use in school, all to promote national
unity. The former US policy of running Indian reservation in English, for example,
effectively put languages such as Navajo on the danger list. But Salikoko Mufwene,
who chairs the Linguistics Department at the University of Chicago, argues that the

deadliest weapon is not government policy but economic globalisation. "Native
Americans have not lost pride in their language, but they have had to adapt to socioeconomic pressures" he says. “They cannot refuse to speak English if most
commercial activity is in English."
However, a growing interest in cultural identity may prevent the direct predictions
from coming true. ‘The key to fostering diversity is for people to learn their
ancestral tongue, as well as the dominant language' says Doug Whalen, founder and
president of the Endangered Language Fund in New Haven, Connecticut. “Most of
these will live without a large degree of bilingualism” he says.
Question 1: It is stated in the passage that the number of endangered languages is
____.
A. about 3,200
B. about 6,800
C. at least 3,000


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D. fewer than 2,500
Question 2: The word peppered in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. randomly separated
B. slowly attacked
C. sparsely distributed
D. unintentionally controlled
Question 3: According to the passage, endangered languages cannot be saved
unless people
A. avoid speaking their dominant language
B. grow interest in cultural identities
C. know more than one language
D. write in their mother tongue
Question 4: Who thinks that a change of language may mean a loss of traditional

culture?
A. Doug Whalen
B. Michael Krauss
C. Nicholas Ostler
D. Salikoko Mufwene


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Question 5: The word these in paragraph 5 refers to ____.
A. ancestral tongue
B. dominant language
C. growing interest in cultural identity
D. the key to fostering diversity
Question 6: Navajo language is considered being endangered language because
____.
A. it currently has too few speakers
B. it is spoken by too many elderly and middle-aged speakers
C. it was banned in publicity by the former US policy
D. many young people refuse to learn to speak it
Đáp án:
1. A

2. C

3. C

4. D

5. A

6. A

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