Bsi bs en 00512 1995 (2002)

BRITISH STANDARD

Fibre-cement
products — Pressure
pipes and joints

The European Standard EN 512:1994, with the incorporation of
amendment A1:2001, has the status of a British Standard

UDC 621.643.2: 621.643.05: 621.1/.3: 666.961

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

BS EN 512:1995
Incorporating
Amendment No. 1


BS EN 512:1995

Committees responsible for this
British Standard
The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical
Committee B/504, Water supply, upon which the following bodies were
represented:
Association of Consulting Engineers
Association of Manufacturers of Domestic Unvented Supply Systems
Equipment (MODUSSE)
British Bathroom Council
British Foundry Association
British Non-ferrous Metals Federation

British Plastics Federation
British Plumbing Fittings Manufacturers’ Association
Department of the Environment
Department of the Environment (Drinking Water Inspectorate)
Fibre Cement Manufacturers’ Association Limited
Institute of Plumbing
Institution of Water and Environmental Management
Local Authority Organizations
Scottish Association of Directors of Water and Sewerage Services
Water Companies Association
Water Research Centre
Water Services Association of England and Wales
The following bodies were represented in the drafting of the standard, through
subcommittees and panels:
Association of Metropolitan Authorities
British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd.
Concrete Pipe Association
Concrete Society
Department of Transport
Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors
Institution of Civil Engineers
Institution of Highways and Transportation

This British Standard, having
been prepared under the
direction of the Sector Board
for Building and Civil
Engineering, was published
under the authority of the
Standards Board and comes

into effect on 15 August 1995
© BSI 23 January 2002

The following BSI references
relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference B/504
Draft for comment 91/14764 DC
ISBN 0 580 24217 X

Amendments issued since publication
Amd. No.

Date

Comments

13467

23 January
2002

Additions to Annex C


BS EN 512:1995

Contents
Committees responsible
National foreword

Foreword
Text of EN 512

© BSI 23 January 2002

Page
Inside front cover
ii
2
3

i


BS EN 512:1995

National foreword
This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee B/504 and is
the English language version of EN 512:1994 Fibre-cement products — Pressure
pipes and joints, including amendment A1:2001, published by the European
Committee for Standardization (CEN).
EN 512 was published as a result of international discussion in which the UK
took an active part.
This standard supersedes BS 486:1990 which is withdrawn as a result of this
publication.
This standard together with a number of other ENs will form a comprehensive
series of standards in the field of concrete pressure pipes.
The manufacture of all asbestos products is covered by the requirements of The
Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations 1987, introduced on 1 March 1988.
These set out comprehensive provisions covering work activities involving

exposure to asbestos. Advice on how to comply with these regulations can be
obtained from the manufacturers of the material, from the Asbestos Information
Centre Ltd, Derby Road, Cheshire WH8 9ND, from the local area office of the
Health and Safety Executive or from the Environmental Health Department of
the Local Authority.
WARNING. Breathing asbestos dust is dangerous to health and precautions
have to be taken during the manufacture and use of these products.
Particular note has to be taken of the Asbestos Products (Safety)
Regulations 1985, made under the Consumer Safety Act 1978, and of the
Asbestos (Prohibitions) (Amendment) Regulations 19881), made under the Health
and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, which prohibit the supply of products
containing amosite or crocidolite and set out requirements for the labelling of all
products containing asbestos.
All the above legislation implements EEC Directives.
Cross-references
The British Standards which implement international or European publications
referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under
the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using
the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
the EN title page, pages 2 to 23 and a back cover.
The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the
document was last issued.

1)

ii

Parallel regulations for Northern Ireland came into force on 6 March 1986.
© BSI 23 January 2002


EUROPEAN STANDARD

EN 512

NORME EUROPÉENNE

August 1994

+ A1

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

August 2001

UDC 621.643.2: 621.643.05: 621.1/.3: 666.961
Descriptors: Water distribution, pressure pipes, asbestos cement products, pipes, tubes, joints, classification, characteristics,
dimensions, tests, marking

English version

Fibre-cement products — Pressure pipes and joints
(includes amendment A1:2001)

Produits en fibre-ciment —
Tuyaux pression et joints
(inclut l’amendement A1:2001)

Faserzement-Produkte —
Druckrohre und Verbindungen
(enthält Änderung A1:2001)

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-08-09. Amendment
A1:2001 was approved by CEN on 2001-06-23. CEN members are bound to
comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the
conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard
without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any
CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,
German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the
Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.

CEN
European Committee for Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation
Europäisches Komitee für Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels
© 1994 Copyright reserved to CEN members

Ref. No. EN 512:1994 + A1:2001 E


EN 512:1994

Foreword

Foreword to amendment A1

This European Standard has been prepared under a
mandate given to CEN by the Commission of the
European Communities and the European Free
Trade Association, and supports essential
requirements of EC Directive(s).

This amendment EN 512:1994/A1:2001 to the
EN 512:1994 has been prepared by Technical
Committee CEN/TC 164, Water supply, the
Secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

This European Standard was prepared by Working
Group 6 under the direction of CEN Technical
Committee CEN/TC 164, Water supply, the
Secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

This European Standard shall be given the status of
a national standard, either by publication of an

identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by
February 2002, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2002.

This European Standard shall be given the status of
a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by
February 1995, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 1995.

This amendment to the European Standard
EN 512:1994 has been prepared under a mandate
given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports
essential requirement of EU Directives(s).

This standard will be brought in line with prEN 805
Water supply — Requirements for external systems
and components, prepared by CEN/164/WG 1, when
issued.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal
Regulations, the national standards organizations
of the following countries are bound to implement
this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

In this standard a distinction has been made
between product appraisal (type tests) and routine
quality control requirements (acceptance tests).
Attention is drawn to the need for observance of EC
and/or EFTA and national legal requirements
restricting the use of certain materials and to the
related marking and labelling requirements.
Fibre-cement pressure pipes and joints which are in
permanent or in temporary contact with water
intended for human consumption shall not
adversely affect the quality of the drinking water
and do not contravene the EC Directives and EFTA
Regulations on the quality of drinking water.
The performance of a network constructed with
these products depends not only on the properties of
the product as required by this standard, but also on
the design, construction and performance of the
network as a whole in relation to the environment
and conditions of use (standards covering these
matters are in preparation).
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal
Regulations, the following countries are bound to
implement this European Standard: Austria,
Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, United Kingdom.

2

© BSI 23 January 2002


EN 512:1994

Contents
Foreword
1
Scope
2
Normative references
3
Definitions
3.1 nominal diameter (DN)
3.2 nominal pressure (PN)
3.3 test pressure in factory (PT)
3.4 bursting pressure (PB)
3.5 acceptance test
3.6 type test
3.7 acceptable quality level (AQL)
4
Pipes
4.1 Composition
4.2 Classification
4.3 General appearance and finish
4.4 Smoothness of internal surface
4.5 Characteristics
4.6 Test methods
4.7 Marking
5

Joints
5.1 Material
5.2 Geometrical characteristics
5.3 Special joints
5.4 Physical characteristics —
watertightness
5.5 Watertightness test
5.6 Marking
6
Special applications
7
Quality control
7.1 Factory quality control
7.2 Third party certification
7.3 Inspection of a consignment of
finished products

© BSI 23 January 2002

Page
Page
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5

5
5
5
5
5
6
6
7
10
15
16
16
16
16

Annex A (normative) Receiving inspection for
products which are not subject to third party
certification
Annex B (informative) Working on-site
Annex C (informative) A-deviations
Figure 1 — Nominal dimensions
Figure 2 — Measurement of the straightness
Figure 3 — Length of the press blocks
Figure 4 — Bending test machine
Table 1 — Pressure classification
Table 2 — Pressure relationship
Table 3 — Nominal diameters (DN)
Table 4 — Tolerances on thickness in
millimetres
Table 5 — Tolerances on straightness

Table 6 — Minimum breaking loads
Table 7 — Test piece lengths
Table 8 — Width of the upper press block
Table 9 — Minimum sampling schemes

19
19
20
8
11
14
15
6
6
7
8
9
9
12
13
18

16
16
17
17
17
17
18
18

3


EN 512:1994

1 Scope
This standard specifies the characteristics of fibre-cement pipes and joints for use under pressure for
conveying potable and non potable water and sewage.
It is concerned with composition, classification, geometrical, mechanical and physical characteristics,
acceptance tests and type tests.
NOTE Other media may be conveyed provided it is compatible with the fibre-cement pipes and joints. A full discussion should take
place between the customer and the manufacturer to determine if the pipes and joints need additional protection.

2 Normative references
This European standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply
to this European standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references
the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
ENV 197-1:1992, Cement — Composition, specifications and conformity criteria — Part 1: Common
cements.
prEN 805, Water supply — Requirements for external systems and components.
prEN 1295, Structural design of buried pipelines under various conditions of loading.
EN 29001:1990, Quality systems — Model for quality assurance in design, development, production,
installation and servicing.
EN 29002:1990, Quality systems — Model for quality assurance in production and installation.
ISO 390:1993, Products in fibre reinforced cement — Sampling and inspection.
ISO 2785:1986, Directives for selection of asbestos-cement pipes subject to external loads with or without
internal pressure.

ISO 2859-1:1989, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling plans indexed by
acceptable quality level (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection.
ISO 3951:1989, Sampling procedures and charts for inspection by variables for percent non-conforming.
ISO 7337:1984, Asbestos reinforced cement products — Guidelines for on-site work practices.

3 Definitions
For the purposes of this standard the following definitions apply.
3.1
nominal diameter (DN)
a numerical designation of size of a component, which is a convenient round number approximately equal
to the manufacturing dimension in mm of the internal diameter
3.2
nominal pressure (PN)
a numerical designation of pressure used for reference purposes related to the mechanical characteristics
of a component
3.3
test pressure in factory (PT)
value of the hydrostatic pressure to which the components are tested in the factory according to 4.6.4
3.4
bursting pressure (PB)
value of the hydrostatic pressure at which a component fails when tested in the factory according to 4.6.5

4

© BSI 23 January 2002


EN 512:1994

3.5

acceptance test
test to establish whether a batch of products conforms to a specification. The tests are performed on
samples drawn either from continuous production or from a consignment
NOTE Test methods, specification and limit values are given in this standard. Sampling levels and acceptance criteria are defined
in ISO 390.

3.6
type test
test carried out for the approval of a new product and/or when a fundamental change is made in
formulation and/or method of manufacture the effects of which cannot be predicted on the basis of previous
experience
the test is performed on the as delivered product; it is required to demonstrate conformity of the generic
product to a specification but is not required for each production batch
3.7
acceptable quality level (AQL)
the quality level which, in a sampling plan corresponds to a specified and relatively high probability of
acceptance. It is the maximum percent defective (or maximum number of defects per 100 units) that for
purposes of sampling inspection can be considered satisfactory as a process average
NOTE A sampling scheme with an AQL of 4 % means that batches containing up to 4 % defective items have a high probability of
acceptance.

4 Pipes
4.1 Composition
Fibre-cement pipes shall consist essentially of cement or a calcium silicate formed by a chemical reaction
of a siliceous and calcareous material reinforced by fibres. The cement shall comply with relevant national
standards of CEN members and/or ENV 197-1.
NOTE Other components which are compatible with the composite and have no negative influence on the performance in use of the
product, may be added.

Two types of fibre reinforced cement pipes are included in this standard:

— type AT (Asbestos Technology) for products the formulation of which contains chrysotile asbestos;
— type NT (Non-asbestos Technology) for products reinforced by other fibres and not containing
asbestos.
For pipes of type AT, all the requirements of this standard shall be fulfilled. For pipes of type NT, all the
requirements of this standard shall be fulfilled and, in addition, evidence of long term performance of the
product shall be given by a technical agreement.
4.2 Classification
4.2.1 Pipes of nominal diameter up to DN 1 000
Pipes of nominal diameter up to DN 1 000 are classified according to the nominal pressure (PN) given
in Table 1.
The relationship between the bursting pressure (PB) expressed in hundred of kilopascals (bars) and the
nominal pressure (PN) and the relationship between the test pressure in the factory (PT) expressed in
hundred of kilopascals (bars) and the nominal pressure (PN) shall be not less than the values indicated
in Table 2.
The purchaser’s engineer shall decide upon the nominal pressure of pipe to be used in relation to the
hydraulic working pressure and other conditions of laying and of operation he has determined. Pipes
subjected to external loads shall be calculated according to the relevant national standard transposing the
corresponding EN standard if existing, failing this to ISO 2785.

© BSI 23 January 2002

5


EN 512:1994

4.2.2 Pipes of nominal diameters exceeding DN 1 000
Pipes of nominal diameters exceeding DN 1 000 are not classified in the same way as defined in 4.2.1. They
are designed to suit specific requirements of any particular pipeline.
The purchaser’s engineer shall provide the manufacturer with all required data for the design of a suitable

pipe. The design shall take into account the external loads according to the relevant national standard
transposing the corresponding EN standard if existing, failing this to ISO 2785 and shall be subject to the
approval of the purchaser’s engineer.
The relationship between the bursting pressure (PB) expressed in hundred of kilopascals (bar) and the
nominal pressure (PN) shall not be less than 2,5 and the relationship between the test pressure (PT) in the
factory expressed in hundreds of kilopascals (bar) and the nominal pressure (PN) shall not be less
than 1,67.
4.3 General appearance and finish
The pipes shall be straight, uniform and regular. The shape of the finished ends shall be fixed by the
manufacturer to suit the type of joint used.
NOTE

The ends may be machined on their outer surfaces (see Figure 1).

The end faces shall be free from breakout and machining burrs. The parts of the pipe where the rubber
jointing rings are located shall be free from irregularities which could affect the watertightness of the joint.
NOTE If necessary, the pipes may be impregnated and/or coated internally and/or externally to meet special working conditions as
agreed between manufacturer and customer. The coating and finish should comply with the relevant national standards (transposing
the EN standard), if existing.

Table 1 — Pressure classification
PN

(2,5)

4

6

(7,5)

(9)

10

(12)

(12,5)

(15)

16

(17,5)

(20)

NOTE The preferred nominal pressures are without brackets. Pipes of higher nominal pressure can be delivered by agreement
between manufacturer and purchaser.

Table 2 — Pressure relationship
DN

from 50 to 100
from 125 to 200
from 250 to 500
from 600 to 1 000

PB/PN

4,0
3,5
3,0
2,5

PT/PN

2,0
2,0
2,0
1,67

4.4 Smoothness of internal surface
The internal surface of the pipe shall be regular and smooth. Slight scratches, indentations or small
protrusions that do not affect the intended use or efficiency shall be acceptable.

6

© BSI 23 January 2002


EN 512:1994

4.5 Characteristics
4.5.1 Geometrical characteristics
4.5.1.1 Nominal diameter (DN)
The list of nominal diameters is stated in Table 3; the diameters without brackets are preferred.
Table 3 — Nominal diameters (DN)
(50)
(60)

(80)
100
125
150
(175)
200
250
300
(350)
400
450
500
600
700
800

900
1 000
(1 100)
1 200
(1 300)
1 400
1 500
1 600
(1 700)
(1 800)
(1 900)
(2 000)
(2 100)
(2 200)

(2 300)
(2 400)
(2 500)

4.5.1.2 Internal diameter
When measured in accordance with 4.6.3.1 the internal diameter d1 (see Figure 1), expressed in
millimetres, of the pipe shall be equal to the nominal size, tolerances excluded.
4.5.1.3 Nominal thickness of wall
The nominal thicknesses of the barrel and of the machined end (see Figure 1) shall be stated in the
manufacturer’s literature.
4.5.1.4 Nominal external diameter
The nominal external diameter of the barrel and of the machined end (see Figure 1) shall be stated in the
manufacturer’s literature.
4.5.1.5 Length
The length of the pipe refers to the length measured between the extremities (see Figure 1). It shall be
stated by the manufacturer in his literature.
The nominal length shall be:
— for pipes of DN up to 300: between 2 m and 5 m;
— for pipes of DN exceeding 300: between 2,5 m and 6 m.
The nominal length shall be a multiple of 0,5 m.
In special cases shorter lengths may be specified.
At least 90 % of the pipes supplied shall be of the nominal length agreed upon (subject to the tolerance
given in 4.5.1.7.4). The remainder may be shorter by not more than 1 m. However the total length of the
pipes supplied shall not be less than the length ordered.

© BSI 23 January 2002

7

EN 512:1994

Figure 1 — Nominal dimensions
4.5.1.6 Nominal length of machined ends
The nominal length of the machined ends (see Figure 1) shall not exceed the length of the joint plus 10 mm.
Longer machined ends may be supplied provided that evidence is given that these pipes comply with the
other requirements of this standard.
4.5.1.7 Tolerances
4.5.1.7.1 Internal diameter
The tolerance on each measured internal diameter shall be:
— (2,5 + 0,01 DN) in millimetres + free.
4.5.1.7.2 Thickness
On the machined end of the pipe and on the barrel each measurement shall be within the tolerances as
given in Table 4.
Table 4 — Tolerances on thickness in millimetres
Thickness e

Tolerances

mm

mm

–
k e < 10
10 k e < 20
20 k e < 30
30 k e < 60
60 k e < 90
> 90

1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0
3,5
4,0

+
free
free
free
free
free
free

4.5.1.7.3 External diameter at finished end covered by the coupling
The tolerances on the external diameter of the pipe ends where jointing rings are located (plain ends), shall
be established by the manufacturer according to the type of joint used and taking into account the
tolerances acceptable in respect of jointing rings and the performance specified in 5.4.
4.5.1.7.4 Length
The tolerance on the average measurement shall be +5mm/–20 mm.
NOTE

8

Larger tolerances may be agreed between customer and manufacturer.

© BSI 23 January 2002

EN 512:1994

4.5.1.7.5 Straightness
The maximum deviation according to the method of clause 4.6.3.5 shall not exceed the values given
in Table 5.
Table 5 — Tolerances on straightness
Nominal diameter
DN

Deviation
f mm

from 50 to 150

5,5 l1

from 175 to 400

4,5 l1

above 400

3,0 l1

l1 is the length of the pipe in metres.

4.5.2 Interchangeability
Interchangeability between pipes of the same nominal diameters and nominal pressure and of different
machined end dimensions can be achieved by special couplings or special machining of the pipe ends.

However, in order to maintain interchangeability with components of existing networks the purchaser’s
engineer may specify the external dimensions and tolerances of the machined ends of the pipes.
4.5.3 Physical characteristics — Hydraulic pressure tightness
When tested according to 4.6.4, the pipes shall show no bursting, fissure, leakage or sweating.
All the pipes up to and including DN 1 000 shall be submitted to this test by the manufacturer. When the
nominal diameter exceeds DN 1 000 this test may be replaced by a suitable method of control agreed
between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
4.5.4 Mechanical characteristics
4.5.4.1 Bursting
When tested as specified in 4.6.5, the pipes shall have a minimum bursting pressure according to the ratio
PB/PN of Table 2.
4.5.4.2 Crushing
For each nominal size and each nominal pressure, the manufacturer shall indicate in his literature the
crushing loads of his pipes per unit length when tested as specified in 4.6.6. In any case the minimum
crushing load per unit length divided by the nominal size in metres, shall be 60 kN/m2.
4.5.4.3 Bending
When tested as prescribed in 4.6.7 (test limited to pipes with a nominal diameter smaller than or equal
to 150 mm), the minimum breaking loads shall not be less than those stated in Table 6.
Table 6 — Minimum breaking loads
Nominal diameter
DN

50
60
80
100
125
150

Minimum breaking loads

N

1 100
1 500
2 100
2 800
4 200
6 000

NOTE When site circumstances require pipes to have higher bending strengths than given in Table 6, pipes with a minimum
breaking load 25 % higher than given in Table 6, or short length pipes may be specified.

© BSI 23 January 2002

9


EN 512:1994

4.6 Test methods
4.6.1 General
All the tests on the characteristics mentioned in 4.5 are acceptance tests.
The tests shall be carried out at the manufacturer’s works on pipes as delivered, or on test specimens cut
off pipes, the maturity of which is guaranteed by the manufacturer.
However, for geometrical characteristics the manufacturer may carry out the tests at an earlier stage of
maturity, as part of the routine quality control system.
4.6.2 Appearance and finish
The pipes shall be tested by visual inspection. The result is considered as satisfactory if it conforms to 4.3.
4.6.3 Geometrical characteristics
4.6.3.1 Internal diameter

Measure the minimum internal diameter at no more than 100 mm from each end with an accuracy
of 0,5 mm.
The results are considered to be satisfactory if they conform to 4.5.1.7.1.
NOTE At the purchaser’s request the internal diameter can be checked at any place of the pipe, using a method agreed upon between
purchaser and manufacturer.

4.6.3.2 External diameter
For pipes of DN k400, at each end measure the minimum and the maximum diameter approximately
where the rubber rings are to be located with an accuracy of 0,1 mm.
For pipes of DN > 1 500, at each end determine the outer diameter by measuring the circumference with
an accuracy of 0,5 mm, taking into account the thickness of the measuring tape.
For pipes of 400 < DN k 1 500 one or other of the above described methods may be used. If a measurement
of the circumference is used, dimensions of the internal diameter and thickness shall be checked on the
same pipe.
The results are considered to be satisfactory if they conform to 4.5.1.7.3.
4.6.3.3 Thickness
At each end measure the minimum thickness with an accuracy of 0,1 mm.
The points of measurement shall be taken:
a) for the barrel at approximately 20 mm beyond the end of the machined part of the pipe;
b) for the machined end, at approximately 30 mm from the end of the pipe.
The results are considered to be satisfactory if they conform to 4.5.1.7.2.
4.6.3.4 Length of pipe
Take the average of two diametrically opposed measurements of the pipe length, with an accuracy of 1 mm.
The result is considered to be satisfactory if it conforms to 4.5.1.7.4.
4.6.3.5 Straightness
4.6.3.5.1 General
The straightness shall be assessed by visual inspection.
If there is a doubt on this assessment, it shall be verified by the following method.
4.6.3.5.2 Specimen
The test piece shall be a complete pipe.

10

© BSI 23 January 2002


EN 512:1994

4.6.3.5.3 Apparatus
4.6.3.5.3.1 Two supports, the distance between the centres of which is equal to 2/3 of the effective length of
the pipe to be checked. Each support shall be equipped with a roller system which makes it possible to
rotate the pipe around itself without longitudinal or lateral movement.
4.6.3.5.3.2 A dial gauge with semi-spherical shaped measuring faces or with rounded tips, accurate
to 0,1 mm and fixed on a stable base.
4.6.3.5.4 Procedure
Lay the pipe horizontally on the 2 supports. Place the dial gauge at an equal distance, from the supports,
in such a way that the sliding spindle of the gauge is in radial contact with the pipe. Turn the pipe at least
one complete rotation. Note the maximum deviation f obtained, rounded to the nearest millimetre
(see Figure 2).

Figure 2 — Measurement of the straightness
4.6.3.5.5 Expression of results
Record the maximum deviation f.
The result is considered to be satisfactory if it conforms to 4.5.1.7.5.
4.6.4 Hydraulic pressure test in the factory
4.6.4.1 Specimen
The test piece shall be a complete pipe.
4.6.4.2 Apparatus
4.6.4.2.1 The apparatus shall allow closure of the pipe ends by an appropriate device that avoids inducing
significant longitudinal stresses of the pipe and capable of applying to the pipe the internal pressure PT as

required in Table 2.
4.6.4.2.2 The internal pressure shall be measured by a pressure gauge calibrated to give an accurate
reading within 0,05 MPa.
4.6.4.3 Procedure
Fill the pipe with water and raise gradually the hydraulic pressure until the gauge registers the test
pressure in kilopascals derived from Table 2 according to the nominal pressure of the pipe. This pressure
shall be maintained for 30 s.
The duration of the test may be reduced to 10 s provided that the internal pressure is increased by 10 %.
4.6.4.4 Expression of results
Check for bursting, fissures, leakage or sweating.
The result is considered to be satisfactory if it conforms to 4.5.3.

© BSI 23 January 2002

11


EN 512:1994

4.6.5 Hydraulic pressure bursting test
4.6.5.1 Specimen
If the test specimen is sealed internally, it shall be a piece of pipe cut from the barrel (excluding the
machined end) with a length of not less than 0,5 m and not more than 1 m.
If the test specimen is sealed externally, it shall be a piece of pipe the end of which may be machined to not
less than the nominal wall thickness of the machined end, including tolerances.
Its minimum length shall be as indicated in Table 7.
Table 7 — Test piece lengths
Nominal size

50 to 100

125 to 250
300 to 500
600 to 700
800 to 1 000
1 100 to 1 300
1 400 to 1 600
1 700 to 2 500

Minimum length of bursting test specimen

750
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
3 500
4 000

4.6.5.2 Apparatus
4.6.5.2.1 A device suitable for putting the test specimen under water pressure avoiding significant axial
compression of the pipe which can influence the result of the test, when the pressure approaches its
maximum value.
4.6.5.2.2 Two enclosure sealing arrangements.
4.6.5.2.3 A pressure gauge calibrated to give an accurate reading within 0,05 MPa.
4.6.5.3 Procedure
Immerse the pipe in water for 48 h.
Seal the test specimen; fill it with water making sure all the air is evacuated. The hydraulic pressure shall
be applied at a constant rate and shall be regulated so that failure occurs after at least 15 s and not more
than 30 s.

4.6.5.4 Expression of results
Record the maximum pressure obtained in megapascals.
The result is considered to be satisfactory if the ratio between the bursting pressure and nominal pressure
conforms with Table 2.
If required the unit bursting strength may be calculated using the following formula:
p d + e 
R b = ----------------------2e
where
Rb
p
d
e

is the unit bursting strength in newtons per square millimetre;
is the internal bursting pressure in megapascals;
is the actual internal diameter of the test piece in millimetres, taken as an average of
two perpendicular measurements made at both ends of the test specimen;
is the actual thickness of the wall of the test specimen in the broken section in
millimetres, taken as the average of two measurements along the line of the fracture at
both ends of the test piece.

NOTE When agreed between purchaser and manufacturer, the tensile tangential strength of the material may be determined by
another acceptable method which does not involve application of internal hydraulic pressure.

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© BSI 23 January 2002


EN 512:1994

4.6.6 Crushing test
4.6.6.1 Specimen
The test specimen shall be a piece of pipe cut from the barrel (excluding the machined end), the length of
which shall be:
— 200 mm for pipes k DN 300;
— 300 mm for pipes > DN 300.
4.6.6.2 Apparatus
4.6.6.2.1 A press with a loading error of ±3 % maximum, and a reproducibility error of ±2 % maximum.
4.6.6.2.2 A lower press block formed by a V-shaped support having an included angle of 170°made of metal
or hard wood and a flat upper press block made of the same material.
The length of the blocks shall be equal to the length of the specimen (see Figure 3). The width of the upper
press block shall be in accordance with Table 8.
Strips of rubber of suitable width and length shall be interposed between the test blocks and the test
specimen. The rubber strips shall be 25 mm ± 5 mm thick and of a hardness of IRHD 60 ± 5.
Table 8 — Width of the upper press block
Nominal size
DN

up to 450
500 to 600
700 to 800
900 to 1 000
1 100 to 1 200
1 300 to 1 400
1 500 to 1 600
1 700 to 1 800
1 900 to 2 000
2 100 to 2 200
2 300 to 2 400

2 500

Width b
mm

50
60
85
105
130
150
175
195
220
240
265
290

4.6.6.3 Procedure
Immerse the specimen in water for 48 h.
Measure the length of the specimen with an accuracy of 1 mm along two diametrically opposed generating
lines. Record the average of the two measurements. Arrange the test specimen on the V-shaped support
and put the upper press block in contact with it, so that the load is applied uniformly (see Figure 3).

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EN 512:1994

Figure 3 — Length of the press blocks
The load shall be applied regularly so that the rupture occurs between 15 s and 30 s following the
commencement of the application of the load.
Record the value F of the ultimate load.
4.6.6.4 Expression of results
Calculate the crushing load per unit length (CL), expressed in kilonewtons:
F
C L = ---L
where
F is the ultimate crushing load expressed in kilonewtons;
L is the effective length of the specimen, taken as an average of the two measurements, expressed
in metres.
The result is considered to be satisfactory if it conforms to 4.5.4.2.
If required the unit crushing strength can be calculated using the following formula:
nF  3d + 5e 
R e = ----------------------------------2
Le
where
Re is the unit crushing strength in newtons per square millimetre;
n
d
e

is 0,26 for up to DN 100 and 0,30 for other diameters;
is the actual internal diameter of the test specimen, in millimetres, taken as an average of two
perpendicular measurements;
is the actual thickness of the wall of the test specimen in the broken section, in millimetres, taken
as an average of three measurements made along the line of fracture at the top of the ring.

4.6.7 Bending test
4.6.7.1 Specimen
The test shall be carried out on a pipe or part of a pipe at least 2,2 m long, which may be taken from the
pipe having already provided the test specimen for the transverse crushing test.

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© BSI 23 January 2002


EN 512:1994

4.6.7.2 Apparatus
4.6.7.2.1 A press with a loading error of ±3 % maximum, and a reproducibility error of ±2 % maximum.
4.6.7.2.2 Two metal V-shaped supports having an included angle of 120° presenting a face 50 mm
to 100 mm wide to the pipe and free to move in the plane of bending on two horizontal axes 2 000 mm apart
(see Figure 4).
The load shall be applied vertically at an equal distance from the supports in the plane passing through
the axis of the specimen. It shall be transmitted by a metal pad having the same shape as the supports, but
with a width of 100 mm.
Strips of rubber of 15 mm ± 5 mm thick, with a hardness of IRHD 60 ± 5 shall be interposed between the
support and the pipe and between the pad and the pipe.
4.6.7.3 Procedure
Immerse the specimen in water for 48 h.
With the test specimen centred in the testing apparatus, the bending load shall be applied at a constant
rate, regulated so that the failure occurs between 25 s and 50 s following the commencement of the
application of the load.
Record the value of the load at rupture in newtons.
4.6.7.4 Expression of results
The result is considered to be satisfactory if it conforms to 4.5.4.3.

Figure 4 — Bending test machine
4.7 Marking
The pipes shall be marked legibly and indelibly with at least the following:
a) nominal diameter, if required;
b) nominal pressure;
c) manufacturer’s identification;
d) date of manufacture;
e) AT for products of type AT;
f) NT for products of type NT.
For pipes designed to suit special requirements of a particular project, the marking shall also contain the
supplementary necessary information for identification.
NOTE

Attention is drawn to the EC and/or EFTA regulations on labelling.

© BSI 23 January 2002

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EN 512:1994

5 Joints
5.1 Material
Sleeves made of fibre-cement shall comply with the requirements of 4.1 and 4.3.
Sealing rings shall be elastomeric materials suitable for the liquid to be conveyed and shall comply with
the relevant EN standards, unless otherwise agreed between purchaser and manufacturer.
5.2 Geometrical characteristics
The dimensions and the shape of all parts of the sleeves and elastomeric rings shall be determined by the

manufacturer of the pipes.
The tolerances on all relevant dimensions of the sleeves shall be established by the manufacturer, taking
into account the tolerances of the elastomeric seals and on the external diameters of pipe ends.
The relevant dimensions shall be stated in the manufacturer’s literature.
5.3 Special joints
Special joints are e.g. joints permitting the transition to other materials, other nominal sizes and other
pressure levels.
Some joints can also be designed to be locked joints, thus permitting the transmission of axial forces.
5.4 Physical characteristics — watertightness
5.4.1 Internal pressure test
The assembled joints, when tested at the factory (PT), shall be capable of withstanding the specified
hydraulic test pressure of the pipes on which they are to be used, even when the pipes are set at the
maximum angular deflection recommended by the manufacturer and a shear load of 10 times DN in
newtons is applied.
When tested as specified in 5.5 they shall not show any fissure, leakage or sweating.
5.4.2 External pressure test
The assembled joints, when tested at the factory, shall be capable of withstanding an external hydraulic
pressure of 0,08 MPa.
When tested as specified in 5.5 they shall not show any fissure, leakage or sweating.
5.5 Watertightness test
5.5.1 General
This test is a type test done at least on the minimum and maximum nominal sizes where the joints have
the same sealing system transverse cross-section. For each type test carried out, the two most critical
combinations of minimum and maximum tolerances given by the manufacturer shall be tested.
5.5.2 Specimen
The specimen shall contain one joint assembled on two pieces of pipe.
5.5.3 Apparatus
5.5.3.1 For internal pressure test
5.5.3.1.1 A device capable of receiving the specimen, sealing the pipe ends and withstanding the forces due
to internal pressure whilst allowing for the joint to be misaligned and inspected under pressure.

5.5.3.1.2 Sealing devices
5.5.3.1.3 A pressure gauge calibrated to give an accurate reading within 0,05 MPa.
5.5.3.2 For external pressure test
A pressure tight box or similar device that allows the specimen to be subjected to an external hydraulic
pressure test.

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© BSI 23 January 2002