Bsi bs en 00703 2004 + a2 2010

BRITISH STANDARD

Agricultural
machinery — Silage
loading, mixing and/or
chopping and
distributing
machines — Safety

ICS 65.060.99

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BS EN
703:2004
+A2:2010


BS EN 703:2004+A2:2010

National foreword
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 703:2004+A1:2009.
It supersedes BS EN 703:2004 which is withdrawn.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is
indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the
number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN
amendment A1 is indicated by !".
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical
Committee AGE/32, Agricultural implements and trailers.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
request to its secretary.

This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of
a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
legal obligations.

This British Standard was
published under the authority
of the Standards Policy and
Strategy Committee on
7 June 2004

Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication
Date

Comments

31 August 2009

Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2009

© BSI 2009

ISBN 978 0 580 62813 9

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EUROPEAN STANDARD

EN 703:2004+A2

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM

July 2010

ICS 65.060.99

Supersedes EN 703:2004

English Version

Agricultural machinery - Silage loading, mixing and/or chopping
and distributing machines - Safety
Matériel agricole - Désileuses chargeuses, mélangeuses
et/ou hacheuses et distributrices - Sécurité

Landmaschinen - Maschinen zum Laden, Mischen
und/oder Zerkleinern und Verteilen von Silage - Sicherheit

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 February 2004 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 23 May 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

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EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2010 CEN

All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Ref. No. EN 703:2004+A2:2010: E


BS EN 703:2004+A2:2010
EN 703:2004+A2:2010 (E)

Contents

page

Foreword ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3
0

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 4

1

Scope .............................................................................................................................................................. 5

2

Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 6

3
3.1
3.2
3.3

Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 6
machines ........................................................................................................................................................ 6
functions ......................................................................................................................................................... 6
loading device ................................................................................................................................................ 7

4

List of significant hazards ............................................................................................................................ 8

5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.4.1
5.4.2
5.5
5.6

5.6.1
5.6.2
5.6.3
5.6.4
5.7
5.7.1
5.7.2
5.7.3
5.7.4
5.7.5
5.7.6
5.8
5.9
5.9.1
5.9.2

Safety requirements and/or protective measures .................................................................................... 10
General .......................................................................................................................................................... 10
Location of the manual controls ................................................................................................................ 10
Visibility ........................................................................................................................................................ 10
Loading device ............................................................................................................................................. 12
Controls for cutting and loading tools ...................................................................................................... 12
Loading door ................................................................................................................................................ 12
Safeguarding of the cutting and loading tools when not in use ............................................................. 13
Mixing and/or chopping device .................................................................................................................. 13
Protection against contact with moving parts.......................................................................................... 13
Checking of the mixing ............................................................................................................................... 14
Reducing accumulation of material on the top of the machine .............................................................. 14
Manual addition of feedstuffs ..................................................................................................................... 14
Distribution device....................................................................................................................................... 14

General .......................................................................................................................................................... 14
Case where a conveyor is used ................................................................................................................. 15
Case where an auger is used ..................................................................................................................... 17
Case where a distributor cylinder is used ................................................................................................ 19
Case of free discharge ................................................................................................................................ 19
Case of turbines ........................................................................................................................................... 20
Weighing device display ............................................................................................................................. 21
Noise ............................................................................................................................................................. 22
Noise reduction as a safety requirement .................................................................................................. 22
Verification of requirements on noise based on noise emission values ............................................... 22

6
6.1
6.2

Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures ........................................................... 22
Visibility ........................................................................................................................................................ 22
Measurement of the tools' stopping time .................................................................................................. 22

7
7.1
7.2

Information for use ...................................................................................................................................... 23
Instruction handbook .................................................................................................................................. 23
Marking ......................................................................................................................................................... 24

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Annex A (informative) Example of machines and components ........................................................................... 26

Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC" ............................................................................................... 34
Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC" ........................................................................................... 35
Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................. 36

2
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BS EN 703:2004+A2:2010
EN 703:2004+A2:2010 (E)

Foreword
This document (EN 703:2004+A1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 144 “Tractors and
machinery for agriculture and forestry”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by January 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest
by January 2010.
This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2009-05-23.
This European Standard supersedes !EN 703:2004".
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ".
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
!For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this
document."
Annex A is informative and gives examples of machines and components.

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This document includes a Bibliography.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and United Kingdom.

3


BS EN 703:2004+A2:2010
EN 703:2004+A2:2010 (E)

0

Introduction

This document is a type C standard as stated in EN 1070.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this document. These hazards are specific to machines for loading (including silage
cutting), mixing and/or chopping and distributing silage.
Significant hazards that are common to all the agricultural machines (self-propelled, mounted, semi-mounted and
trailed) are dealt with in EN 1553.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that
have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.

ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ

4
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BS EN 703:2004+A2:2010
EN 703:2004+A2:2010 (E)

1

Scope

This document, used together with EN 1553, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design
and construction of mounted, semi-mounted, trailed or self-propelled machines that have a combination of two or
more of the following functions: loading, mixing, chopping and distributing silage and/or other feedstuffs, to be used
by one operator only. It includes those fitted with a built-in loading crane. In addition, it specifies the type of
information on safe working practices (including residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer.
This document applies only to machines that have the following functional combinations:


mixing and distributing functions; or



mixing, chopping and distributing functions; or



loading, mixing and distributing functions; or



loading, mixing, chopping and distributing functions; or



chopping and distributing functions; or



loading, chopping and distributing functions.

Silage block cutters, even if they carry out a single function, are covered by this document.
It does not apply:

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

to machines which pick up green fodder directly from the field;



to loading cranes;



to silage buckets.

NOTE 1

Loading cranes are dealt with in EN 12999.

NOTE 2

Silage buckets will be dealt through an amendment or during next revision.

This document deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to machines for
loading, mixing and/or chopping and distributing silage and/or other feedstuffs, when they are used as intended
and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer as listed in clause 4, except for the hazards arising from:


failure of the control circuit;



inadequate seating;



inadequate lighting;



impossibility of stopping the machine in the best possible conditions;



travelling of machinery;



break-up of parts rotating at high speed.

It is not applicable to environmental hazards (except noise).
This document is not applicable to machines for loading, mixing and/or chopping and distributing silage and/or
other feedstuffs which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.

5


BS EN 703:2004+A2:2010
EN 703:2004+A2:2010 (E)

2

Normative references

This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery – Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003).
EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery – Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 2: Technical
principles (ISO 12100-2:2003).
EN 294:1992, Safety of machinery – Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs.
EN 1070, Safety of machinery – Terminology.
EN 1553:1999, Agricultural machinery – Agricultural self-propelled, mounted, semi-mounted and trailed machines –
Common safety requirements.

EN ISO 5353, Earth-moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry – Seat index point
(ISO 5353:1995).
EN ISO 11688-1, Acoustics – Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment –
Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995).

3

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Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 1070 and the following apply.
NOTE

Examples of machines and components, illustrating the following definitions are given in annex A.

3.1 machines
3.1.1
silage block cutter
machine mounted on the rear 3-point linkage of a tractor that consists of a main guiding frame, equipped with a set
of horizontal tines, carrying the cutting frame equipped with one or more cutting knives, intended to cut out a silage
block, to take it from the silo and to discharge or distribute it (this machine can be equipped with a distribution
device)
3.1.2
silage bucket
bucket intended to be fitted as an attachment on a front loader or a self-propelled variable reach truck and which
carries out at least loading and distributing functions

3.2 functions
3.2.1

mixing
operation for blending two or more different materials without reducing the size of their components
3.2.2
chopping
operation to reduce the size of the constituent elements of a material or to break up an agglomerated or an
entangled material

6
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BS EN 703:2004+A2:2010
EN 703:2004+A2:2010 (E)

3.3 loading device
3.3.1
cutting and loading tools
set of elements, consisting of the loading arm and of tools for taking the materials such as rotary cutters, knives,
blades, teeth, etc., needed for picking-up (i.e. cutting) the material and for loading the machine
3.3.2
loading crane
powered crane comprising a column, which slews about a base, and a boom system which is attached onto the top
of the column. The crane is fitted on the machine and is designed for loading product into the machine by means of
a grab, a hook or any other device
NOTE

Adapted from EN 12999:2002, definition 3.1.1.

3.3.3
loading door

mobile part fitted generally at the rear of the machine, which is used for handling and/or for containing the material
and/or loading the products inside the machine. It is used as a door for closing the mixing and/or chopping
compartment
3.4
mixing and/or chopping device
set of elements such as one or more rotating auger(s), rotating paddle auger, conveyor, separator, turbine
3.5
distribution device
set of elements (such as conveyor belt, auger, distributor cylinder, turbine) operated to unload the materials from
the machine and to deposit them where required (on the ground, in troughs, on feeding belts, etc.)

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3.6
work station
position of the operator, standing on the ground or on a platform or sitting, to actuate controls or carry out any other
task
3.7
driver's station
position of the operator from where the driving of the machine is controlled
3.8
flap
hinged guard which is closed when the machine is operating and which can be opened for service and
maintenance operations

7


BS EN 703:2004+A21:2010
EN 703:2004+A2:2010 (E)

4

List of significant hazards

For the purposes of this document Table 1 gives, for defined danger zones, the significant hazards, the hazardous
situations, the significant hazardous events, covered by this document, that have been identified by risk
assessment as being significant for this type of machine, and which require specific action by the designer or
manufacturer to eliminate or to reduce the risk.
Table 1 — List of significant hazards associated with machines for loading, mixing and/or chopping and
distributing silage and/or other feedstuffs
N°

Hazard

Location or event

Clause/sub-clause
of EN 1553:1999

Clause/sub-clause
of this document

1.1

Crushing hazard

Contact with unguarded working 4.1.7.1, 4.2.2.2,
tools, unexpected opening of the 4.2.6.1, 4.3.2.3,
loading door

4.3.4.1

5.2, 5.4.1, 5.4.2

1.2

Shearing hazard

Contact with unguarded working 4.1.7.3, 4.2.2.2
tools, unexpected opening of the
loading door

5.2, 5.4.2, 5.6.1, 5.7

1.3

Cutting or severing hazard

Contact with unguarded working 4.1.1, 4.1.7.1, 4.2.6.1,
tools
4.3.2.3, 4.3.4.1

5.2, 5.4.1, 5.5, 5.6.1,
5.7.1

1.4

Entanglement hazard

Contact with unguarded working 4.1.1, 4.1.7.1, 4.2.6.1,

tools checking of the mixing, 4.3.2.3, 4.3.4.1
contact with the PTO drive shaft

5.1, 5.2, 5.4.1, 5.5,
5.6.1, 5.6.2, 5.7.1,
5.7.2, 5.8

1.5

Drawing-in or trapping hazard

Contact with unguarded working tools, contact with the PTO drive
shaft, checking of the mixing

5.2, 5.4.1, 5.6.1, 5.6.2,
5.7, 5.8

1.6

Impact hazard

Contact with unguarded working 4.1.1, 4.1.7.1, 4.1.7.3,
tools, unexpected opening of the 4.2.6.1, 4.3.2.3,
loading door, lifting of the 4.3.4.1
drawbar

5.2, 5.4.1, 5.4.2

1.7

Stabbing or puncture hazard

Contact of fingers with unguarded working
tools,
unexpected
opening of the loading door

5.7.1

1.9

High pressure fluid injection or ejection Hazardous
location
hazard
pressurised hoses

2.2

Contact of persons with parts which Contact of the loading device with have become live under faulty overhead power lines
conditions (indirect contact)

7.1.f), 7.2

2.3

Approach to live parts under high Contact of the loading device with 5.1
voltage
overhead power lines

7.1.f), 7.2

2.5

Thermal radiation or other phenomena Hazardous location of cables
such as the projection of molten
particles and chemical effects from
short circuits, overloads, etc.

-

4.1

Hearing
loss
(deafness),
other Hearing damage due to the 4.1.2, annex D
physiological disorders (e.g. loss of working machine
balance, loss of awareness)

5.9, 7.1

5.2

Whole body vibration, particularly when Seat insufficiently dampened
combines with poor postures

-

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of 4.1.8.2

4.1.8.1, 4.2.5.1

4.1.3

7.1.o), 7.2

(continued)

8
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BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)

Table 1 — List of significant hazards associated with machines for loading, mixing and/or chopping and
distributing silage and/or other feedstuffs (concluded)
N°

Hazard

Location or event

7.1

Hazards from contact with or inhalation Leakage from the fuel tank or 4.2.5.2, 4.2.6.2,
of harmful fluids, gases, mists, fumes, from the engine
4.3.4.2, 5.1
and dusts

-

7.2

Fire or explosion hazard

4.2.6.2, 4.3.4.2, 5.1

-

7.3

Biological or microbiological (viral or Leakage from the fuel tank
bacterial) hazards

4.2.5.2

-

8.1

Unhealthy
efforts

8.2

Inadequate consideration of hand-arm Inability to check of the mixing
or foot-leg anatomy

8.6

Human error, human behaviour

8.7

Inadequate
design,
location
identification of manual controls

10.2

Restoration of energy supply after an Activation of the cutting and 4.3.1
interruption
loading tools while the operator is
standing around

-

13

Failure of power supply

Unexpected opening of the loading
door,
inadvertent
lowering of the cutting and
loading tools

5.4.2, 5.5

15

Errors of fitting

Confusion in the connection of 4.3.3, 5.1
hoses or electrical cables

7.1.k), 7.2

17

Falling or ejected objects or fluids

Rupture of pressurised hoses

7.1, 7.2

18

Loss
of
machinery

19

Slip, trip and fall of persons (relating to Inability to check of the mixing, 4.1.5.1, 4.1.5.2,
machinery)
accumulation of material on the 4.1.5.3, 4.1.6, 4.2.5.2,

top of the machine
4.2.6.2, 4.3.4.2

5.6.2, 5.6.3, 7.1

20.1

Movement when starting the engine

5.4.2, 7.1.m)

21.5

Insufficient visibility from the work Incorrect location of the manual positions
controls, obstruction around the
working area

5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 7.1.b), t)

21.10

Insufficient
means
evacuation/emergency exit

5.6.2

22.1

Inadequate location of manual controls

22.2

Inadequate design of manual controls Manual controls located in an 4.2.1, 4.3.1
and their mode of operation
unusual way

7.1.c), g), h), i), p), 7.2

24.3

Hazards from coupling and towing

7.1.s), 7.2

postures

Clause/sub-clause
of EN 1553:1999

Leakage from the engine

or

excessive Unergonomic
design
operator's station

of 4.1.4, 4.1.5.1, 4.1.6,
4.2.6.1, 4.3.4.1

4.1.5.1, 4.1.5.2, 4.1.6,
4.2.2.2, 4.2.2.3.1,
4.2.3

Misunderstanding of the meaning 4.2.1, 4.3.1, 5.1
of controls
or Manual controls located in an 4.2.1, 4.2.3, 4.3.1
unusual way

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stability/overturning

4.1.8.2

of Incorrect location of attachments 4.2.4.1, 4.3.2.1
for towing, tie-down points or
application points for jacks

Unexpected
loading door

opening

for Checking of the mixing

of

the 4.2.2.5

4.2.2.3.1

Manual controls located in an 4.3.1
unusual way

Incorrect location of attachments 4.2.4.1.1, 4.3.2.2
for towing

Clause/sub-clause
of this document

5.6, 5.7

7.1.c), g), h), i), p), 7.2
7.1.c), g), h), i), p), 7.2

7.1.m)

7.1.c), g), h), i), p), 7.2

9


BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)

5

Safety requirements and/or protective measures

5.1 General
Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the
machine shall be designed according to the principles of relevant parts of EN ISO 12100 for hazards relevant but
not significant, which are not dealt with by this document (e.g. burns and scalds).

5.2 Location of the manual controls
It shall not be possible for the operator, when inside the mixing and/or chopping compartment(s), to reach the
manual controls.
The control system shall be such that it is not possible for the operator to reach the unguarded mobile working tools
while actuating the control. This requirement is considered met for mounted machines when the distance between
the manual controls and any unguarded mobile working tools in operation is more than 850 mm.
The location of the manual control(s) of cutting and loading tools or loading door shall be such that when the
operator actuates these from the work station or the driver’s station, there is adequate direct visibility on the work
area of cutting and loading tools or the loading door as characterised in 5.3.
When the machine is travelling, it shall be possible to actuate controls for mixing and/or chopping and distribution
only from the driver’s station.
For mounted, semi-mounted or trailed machines, when controls require actuation from the driver's station, these
controls shall be designed so that the operator can reach them, for example by means of an adjustable position of
the controls or controls that can be situated inside the tractor.

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These requirements shall be verified by measurement and inspection.

5.3 Visibility
The visibility is considered to be adequate when the operator, from his driver’s or work station, can see the work
area of the cutting and loading tools over their whole width. This work area extends from their highest position to a
minimum height of 1,5 m from the ground when the machine is in its loading position and:


for self-propelled machines, at 200 mm measured from the edge of the cutting and loading tools (see
Figure 1);



for trailed machines, at 200 mm measured from the outer edge of the machine (see Figure 2).

The position of the operator’s eye is determined as shown in Figures 1 and 3. This requirement shall be checked
according to 6.1.
When adequate direct visibility is not achieved, machines with cutting and loading tools or a loading door shall be
fitted with devices such as mirrors or closed circuit television (CCTV) which ensure indirect visibility. Additionally, a
sound and/or light signal shall be emitted at actuation of the cutting and loading tools. This requirement shall be
verified by functional test.

10
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BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)

Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1
2

Eye position
Cutting and loading tools

Figure 1 — Checking of the direct visibility for self-propelled machines
Dimensions in millimetres

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Figure 2 — Checking of the direct visibility for trailed machines

11


BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)

Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1

Eye position

2
3

Clevis or hook
Lower hitch point

4 Ground
NOTE
The hitch point is either 2 or 3

Figure 3 — Determination of the eye position from the driver’s station on the tractor

5.4 Loading device
5.4.1

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Controls for cutting and loading tools

The controls for the activation and the lowering of the cutting and loading tools shall be of the hold-to-run type.
In addition, the controls of powered cutting and loading tools (rotary and oscillating cutter or knives) shall be
designed or guarded so that the tools cannot move without intentional action (e.g. a manual control requiring two
different actions to be operational). These requirements shall be verified by functional test.
The requirements of both paragraphs above do not apply to the control for the adjustment of the lowering speed of
the powered loading and cutting tools.
The stopping time of powered cutting and loading tools shall be 5 s max. for self-propelled machines and 10 s max.
for other machines.
This requirement shall be checked according to 6.2.
5.4.2

Loading door

The control for the activation of the loading door shall be of the hold-to-run type.
To ensure the protection of the operator against crushing and shearing hazards related to a failure of the control
circuit, the machine shall be fitted with a device which limits the maximum downward speed of the door to 40 mm/s
measured at the outermost point of the door.
In order to avoid unexpected opening of the loading door when travelling, mechanical or hydraulic locking devices
complying with 4.1.7.3 of EN 1553:1999 shall be provided.
For semi-mounted and trailed machines with a loading door articulated in its lower part, the vertical downwards
load at the hitch point shall be positive, measured stationary on a horizontal firm surface with the loading door (see

Figure A.9) in its most unfavourable condition for travelling and distribution, as specified by the manufacturer.
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BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)

These requirements shall be verified by measurement and functional test.

5.5 Safeguarding of the cutting and loading tools when not in use
All the tools (e.g. blades, cutting components, sharp edges, etc.) which can be hazardous when not in use shall be
guarded in the travelling and distribution positions.
This guarding shall completely cover the tool path at the sides and the cutting and loading tools at the working
front.
In the case of rotating tools, the front guard shall be self-closing and shall extend on the working front at least 110°
from the vertical to the cutting and loading tools axis (see Figure 4), with the machine in travelling position. When
the cutting and loading tools are mounted at the front of the machine, the guard, if not self-closing type, shall be
activated from the driver’s station.

ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ
Key
1

Front guard

Figure 4 — Protection of rotating tools when not in use
The protection against inadvertent lowering of the cutting and loading tools during repair and maintenance shall be
provided either by a mechanical support or by hydraulic locking devices which shall comply with the requirements
of 4.1.7.3 of EN 1553:1999.

These requirements shall be verified by measurement and functional test.

5.6 Mixing and/or chopping device
5.6.1
5.6.1.1

Protection against contact with moving parts
General

Unless otherwise stated in 5.6, the safety distances shall comply with the safety distances in Tables 1, 3, 4 and 6 of
EN 294:1992 when cutting and loading tools, or the loading door, are in closed position. This shall be verified by
measurements.
In open position, requirements of 5.6.1.2 apply.
5.6.1.2

!Machine with cutting and loading tools or with loading door"

!To ensure the protection of the operator against entanglement and drawing-in hazards generated by the moving
mixing and/or chopping device and when the cutting and loading tools or loading door are not in closed position,
the following solutions shall be used:"
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BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)



it shall not be possible to operate the mixing and/or chopping device; or



the actuation of the mixing and/or chopping device shall only be operated by an hold-to-run control; or



during the rise and the lowering of the cutting and loading tools, the compliance with the safety distances in
Tables 1, 3, 4 and 6 of EN 294:1992 shall be met by a protective device (e. g. moveable wall).

These requirements shall be verified by measurement and functional test.
5.6.2

Checking of the mixing

To enable the operator to check the mixing, when the upper edge of the machine is at more than 1,60 m from the
ground, means shall be provided. These means shall be:


an opening located at a convenient height and complying with the safety distances in Tables 1, 3, 4 and 6 of
EN 294:1992;
This opening shall be located:


if at the tractor or self-propelled machine’s cab side, in such a way that the driver may observe the mixing
from the driver’s position;



in the other cases, in such a way that the observation of the mixing is possible with the operator standing
on a work station;

or


ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ

a boarding means, the distance between the upper step and the upper edge of the compartment being not less
than 1,20 m nor more than 1,60 m.

These requirements shall be verified by measurement and inspection.
5.6.3

Reducing accumulation of material on the top of the machine

To prevent persons from falling into or off the compartment, the top edges of the compartment shall be so designed
that the accumulation of silage or other material is minimised. This can be achieved for example by ensuring the
upper compartment edges have either an inward slope of 45° or a rounded profile of nominal radius 50 mm
maximum, or if there are horizontal surfaces they shall be no more than 80 mm wide.
This requirement shall be verified by inspection.
Additional information shall be provided in the instruction handbook according to 7.1.w)
5.6.4

Manual addition of feedstuffs

In order to permit the manual addition of feedstuff components without risk of contact with moving parts, a means of
access or an aperture shall be provided when necessary.
This requirement shall be verified by inspection.

5.7 Distribution device
5.7.1

General

Guarding shall be provided at the ejection outlet of the distribution device to prevent unintentional contact with the
dangerous moving parts.

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BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)

5.7.2

Case where a conveyor is used

At the sides the protection shall be ensured by an imperforate guard, the lower end of which extends at least to the
lower plane of the conveyor and the upper edge is at a minimum distance of 50 mm above the upper plane of the
conveyor (see Figure 5).
Dimensions in millimetres
!

Key

ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ

1 mixing and/or chopping device
2 compartment
3 conveyor belt/Conveyor chain

4 guard
5 steel plate below conveyor belt/conveyor chain (for functional reasons)

Figure 5 — Protection against direct access at the discharge opening when located at the sides
(case of a conveyor with steel chain)"
To prevent finger pinching hazard, the distance between the guard and the conveyor shall be either ≤ 8 mm or
≥ 25 mm on each side (see Figure 6). In case of a steel chain with ribs requiring a plate below the conveyor for
functional reasons, a distance of 25 mm minimum shall be provided between the plate and the ribs. The plate shall
be designed in such a way any accumulation of material is avoided (for example gap, …).

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BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)

Dimensions in millimetres
!

Key

ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ

1 outer path of the mixing and/or chopping device
2 side guard
3 conveyor belt/Conveyor chain

Figure 6 — Protection against pinching hazard (top view from Figure 5)"
If the conveyor is located at the sides of the compartment, sufficient protection against direct access is given at the

discharge opening when the horizontal safety distance between the outer path of the mixing and/or chopping
device and the outer edge of the conveyor is at least 550 mm from the front (see Figure 5), measured in any
distribution conditions, and at least 550 mm from the side (see Figure 7).
If the conveyor is located at the front end or rear end of the compartment, the safety distances shall comply with the
ones in Tables 1, 3, 4 and 6 of EN 294:1992.
These requirements shall be verified by measurement.

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BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)

Dimensions in millimetres
!

Key
1
2

ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ

guard
mixing and/or chopping device

Figure 7 — Protection against pinching hazard (upper perspective of Figure 5)"
5.7.3

Case where an auger is used

In the case where the material is ejected along the axis of the auger, at its outer point, the following requirements
apply.
When safety distances complying with the ones in Tables 1, 3, 4 and 6 of EN 294:1992 are not fulfilled, the auger
shall be completely guarded.
At the outer point, the protection shall be ensured by a mobile guard which completely seals the ejection outlet and
automatically return to the closed position when no material is being ejected (see Figure 8).
These requirements shall be verified by functional test.

Key
1

Auger

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BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)

2

Mobile guard

Figure 5 — Protection against pinching hazard with an auger

ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ

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BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)

5.7.4
5.7.4.1

Case where a distributor cylinder is used
General

Protection shall be ensured by a rigid imperforate guard, the end of which from the distributor cylinder is located as
shown in Figure 9 so that:
5.7.4.2
If the distance h between the ground and the lower edge of the guard is ≤ 800 mm, a shall be a
minimum of 550 mm and b shall be more than 100 mm;
5.7.4.3
If the distance h between the ground and the lower edge of the guard is > 800 mm, a shall be a
minimum of 850 mm and b shall be more than 100 mm;
5.7.4.4
When the distance a is less than the values given in 5.7.4.2 and 5.7.4.3, then a shall never be less
than 230 mm and:


the control of the cylinder shall be of the hold-to-run type control. The stopping time of the cylinder
distributor shall be less than 5 s; or



the cover shall be fitted with a device capable of stopping the cylinder; this device shall be activated by a

maximum force of 150 N applied on the lower edge of the cover, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the
cylinder and in the direction of this axis. The cylinder shall stop rotating after the lower edge of the cover
has moved a maximum distance of 75 mm. The cylinder shall not restart unless the manual control is
operated intentionally. The stopping time of the cylinder distributor shall be less than 2 s.

These stopping times shall be measured according to 5.2.

Key
1
2

Distributor cylinder
Guard

Figure 6 — Protection against pinching hazard with a distributor cylinder
5.7.5

Case of free discharge

Protection shall be ensured by a guard covering the discharge opening from above and at the sides, the end of
which from the mixing and/or chopping device is located as shown in Figure 10 so that:


if the distance h between the ground and the lower edge of the guard is ≤ 800 mm, a shall be a minimum
of 550 mm and b shall be more than 100 mm;



if the distance h between the ground and the lower edge of the guard is > 800 mm, a shall be a minimum
of 850 mm and b shall be more than 100 mm.

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BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)

Key
1
2

Guard
Mixing and/or chopping device

Figure 7 — Protection against pinching hazard with a free discharge
If this guard is a rubber curtain, it shall not enter in contact with the mixing and/or chopping devices when a
horizontal force of 500 N is applied on it.
NOTE

The other rubber curtain specifications are under study.

These requirements shall be verified by measurement and functional test.
5.7.6

Case of turbines

For any position of the discharge chute, the minimum distance between the outer turbine path and the nearest end
of the discharge chute shall be 850 mm (see Figure 11).
Additionally, on machines fitted with a flap for service and/or cleaning, a visual or audible indicator, which operates
at least when the control of the turbine is disengaged, shall be provided to inform the operator that the turbine is

still moving.
If the machine is fitted with opening(s) allowing checking of the movement of the turbine and complying with the
safety distances of EN 294, this device can be considered as a visual indicator.
These requirements shall be verified by measurement and inspection.

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BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)

Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1
2

Outer path of the turbine
Path of the outer edge of the ejection outlet

Figure 8 — Protection against pinching hazard with turbines

5.8 Weighing device display
When the machine is equipped with a balance to weigh the products fed into the compartment, then the weighing
device display shall be visible and operable from a work station or the driver's station. If this is not possible for
towed machines, and in order to avoid close proximity with the PTO drive shaft then the weighing device display
shall be located at a minimum horizontal distance of 550 mm from the power take-off axis (see Figure 12).
These requirements shall be verified by measurement and inspection.
Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1

Weighing device display

Figure 9 — Weighing device display
For machines 1,5 m maximum width, the distance of 550 mm may be reduced to 350 mm.

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BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)

5.9 Noise
5.9.1
5.9.1.1

Noise reduction as a safety requirement
Reduction at source by design and by protective measures

The machine shall be designed to generate a noise level as low as practicable. The main sources causing noise
are:


operation of the cutting tools;



loading device;



mixing tools with feedstuff;



distributing device;



vibrating surfaces.

Machines shall be designed and constructed taking into account the available information and technical measures
to control noise at source at the design stage, as described in EN ISO 11688-1.
NOTE

EN ISO 11688-2 gives useful information on noise generation mechanisms in machinery.

5.9.1.2

Reduction by information

If after taking all possible technical measures for reducing noise at the design stage a manufacturer considers that
further protection of the operator is necessary, then adequate information shall be given in the instruction
handbook (see clause 7).
5.9.2

Verification of requirements on noise based on noise emission values

For the determination of the sound power level and of the emission sound pressure level at the operator’s position
the noise test code given in EN 1553:1999, annex D shall be used.

6

Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures

6.1 Visibility
This verification is achieved with the tools in the raised position.
The height of the driver’s eye is taken to be 790 mm above the seat index point as defined in EN ISO 5353. A
lateral displacement of the eye of the operator is allowed within ± 300 mm from the medium position.

6.2 Measurement of the tools' stopping time
The test shall be carried out on a new machine as follows:


hydraulic oil temperature (65 ± 5) °C;



powered cutting and loading tools running at unloaded conditions and at the nominal speed as specified
by the manufacturer.

When the above conditions are fulfilled, the control for the rotation of the powered cutting and loading tools shall be
moved from the “on” to the “off” position. The stopping time is measured from this moment up to the time when the
tools stop completely.
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BS EN 703:2004+A1:2009
EN 703:2004+A1:2009 (E)

If brakes or hydraulic motors with variable output are provided on the machine, they shall be used to stop the
rotation of the cutting and loading tools.

7

Information for use

7.1 Instruction handbook
Comprehensive instructions and information on all aspects of maintenance and the safe use of the machine,
including suitable clothing and personal protective equipment requirements and the need for training if necessary,
shall be provided by the manufacturer in the instruction handbook. Useful information for the drafting of the
instruction handbook is given in 6.5 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003.
In particular the following points shall be emphasised:
a)

the machine shall be used by one person only. When the operator identifies somebody in the cutting/loading
area, the operator shall not operate the starting control;

b)

the need for the operator to ensure that he has a sufficient view of the dangerous area;

c)

the risk of standing near the distribution device when the machine is operating;

d)

the need to use a PTO drive shaft equipped with a guard in good condition;

e)

for mounted, semi-mounted and trailed machines, the crushing hazard for the operator if standing between the
tractor and the machine during work;

f)

for machines fitted with a loading device and/or a loading crane the risk of unintentional contact with overhead
power lines;

g)

the hazards involved when climbing into the mixing and/or chopping compartment;

h)

the use of the machine to transport people, animals or objects is prohibited;

i)

to climb onto the loading device or to use it as lifting equipment is prohibited;

j)

all maintenance and service intervention on the machine shall be carried out with engine turned off;

k)

the tools (when provided with the machine) to be used and the instructions to be followed for clearing
blockages (including a reminder of the need to stop the engine);

l)

that before carrying out maintenance and service underneath raised parts of the machine locking devices shall
be activated;

m) the safety measures to be observed when the machine and its moving parts are not in use; including measures
to ensure stability when stored or parked;
n)

the rules and conditions for the use of the removable or retractable guards for cutting and loading tools;

o)

the nominal rotation frequency and direction of rotation of the power input connection (PIC);

p)

the allowable pressure and the allowable flow rate of the hydraulic circuits;

q)

standing on a silo or a hay-barn above the machine (e.g. for manual loading) is not permitted;

r)

loading of the machine shall be carried out with suitable devices;

s)

how the addition of feed stuff components can be completed without any danger, e.g. the addition of feed stuff
components shall only be completed with the cutting device in the lower position, or locked;
23