Bsi bs en 12215 2004 + a1 2009 (2010)

BRITISH STANDARD

Coating plants — Spray
booths for application
of organic liquid
coating materials —
Safety requirements

ICS 87.100

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BS EN
12215:2004
+A1:2009


BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009

National foreword
This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12215:2004
+A1:2009. It supersedes BS EN 12215:2004, which is withdrawn.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is
indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry
the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN
amendment A1 is indicated by !".
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical
Committee MCE/3, Safeguarding of machinery, to Subcommittee
MCE/3/8, Thermoprocessing equipment — Safety.
A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained
on request to its secretary.

This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions
of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity
from legal obligations.

This British Standard was
published under the authority
of the Standards Policy and
Strategy Committee on
18 November 2004

© BSI 2010

ISBN 978 0 580 63166 5

Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication
Date

Comments

28 February 2010

Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2009


EUROPEAN STANDARD

EN 12215:2004+A1

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

August 2009

ICS 87.100

Supersedes EN 12215:2004

English Version

Coating plants - Spray booths for application of organic liquid
coating materials - Safety requirements
Installations d'application - Cabines d'application par
pulvérisation de produits de revêtement organiques liquides
- Prescriptions de sécurité

Beschichtungsanlagen - Spritzkabinen für flüssige
organische Beschichtungsstoffe Sicherheitsanforderungen

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 September 2004 and includes Corrigendum 1 issued by CEN on 14 June 2006 and
Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 16 July 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2009 CEN

All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Ref. No. EN 12215:2004+A1:2009: E


BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009
EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

Contents
page
Foreword ...................................................................................................................................................................... 4 
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 5
1

Scope .............................................................................................................................................................. 6 

2

Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 7 

3

Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 9

4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9

List of significant hazards .......................................................................................................................... 12
General .......................................................................................................................................................... 12 
Mechanical hazards ..................................................................................................................................... 12 
Electrical hazards ........................................................................................................................................ 13 
Thermal hazards .......................................................................................................................................... 13 
Hazards generated by noise ....................................................................................................................... 13 
Hazards resulting from dangerous substances ....................................................................................... 13
Fire and explosion hazards ........................................................................................................................ 14
Hazards caused by failure of energy supply ............................................................................................ 15
Hazards generated by unhealthy postures ............................................................................................... 15

5
5.1
5.2
5.3

5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9

Safety requirements and/or measures ...................................................................................................... 15 
General .......................................................................................................................................................... 15 
Mechanical safety requirements ................................................................................................................ 15 
Electrical safety requirements.................................................................................................................... 17
Safety requirements and measures against thermal hazards ................................................................ 17
Safety requirements and measures against noise ................................................................................... 18
Safety requirements against dangerous substances .............................................................................. 18
Safety requirements and measures against fire and explosion ............................................................. 21
Safety requirements and measures against failure of energy supply ................................................... 23
Safety requirements and measures against unhealthy postures ........................................................... 23

6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9

Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures ....................................................................... 24

General .......................................................................................................................................................... 24 
Verification of the mechanical safety requirements ................................................................................ 24
Verification of the electrical safety requirements .................................................................................... 24
Verification of the safety requirements and measures against thermal hazards ................................ 24
Verification of the safety requirements and measures against noise.................................................... 24 
Verification of the safety requirements against dangerous substances ............................................... 24
Verification of the safety requirements and measures against fire and explosion .............................. 25
Verification of the safety requirements and measures against failure of energy supply .................... 26
Verification of the safety requirements and measures against unhealthy postures ............................ 26 

7
7.1
7.2
7.3

Information for use ...................................................................................................................................... 27
General .......................................................................................................................................................... 27 
Instruction handbook .................................................................................................................................. 27
Marking ......................................................................................................................................................... 29 

Annex A (normative) Diagrams relative to hazardous zones of potentially explosive atmosphere .............. 30 
Annex B (normative) Determination of concentration of flammable solvents in terms of LEL...................... 33
Annex C (normative) Measurement of air velocities ........................................................................................... 37
Annex D (informative) Classification of material's reaction to the fire - National standards ......................... 42
Annex E (informative) Reference to national exposure limit values ................................................................ 43
Annex F (informative) Diagrams relative to spray booth classification ............................................................ 44
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC .................................................................................................... 45 

2

BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009
EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"
" ........................................................................................... 46
Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................. 47 

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BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009
EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

Foreword
This document (EN 12215:2004+A1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 271 “Surface
treatment equipment — Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by February 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest
by February 2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights.
CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 September 2004 and includes Corrigendum 1 issued by
CEN on 14 June 2006 and Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 16 July 2009.
This document supersedes EN 12215:2004.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".
The modifications of the related CEN Corrigendum have been implemented at the appropriate places in the text
and are indicated by the tags ˜ ™1.

This document is one of a set of standards devoted to the health and safety requirements of coating plants for the
application and drying of organic liquid coating material and varnishes.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU-directives.
NOTE
Although a spray booth, as an integral whole, formally does not fall under the scope of the ATEX Directive 94/9/EC,
the standard is based upon a fundamental risk analysis according to this directive.

!For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this
document."
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and United Kingdom.

1 Applicable to the French version.

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BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009
EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

Introduction
This standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that

have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
The specific requirements which manufacturers are included in the information for use are given in clause 7.

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BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009
EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

1

Scope

This document is applicable to spray booths as well as multizone spray booths for the application of organic liquid
coating materials (paints, varnishes....), and deals with all significant hazards relevant to spray booths or multizone
spray booths, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see
clause 4).
A spray booth is an assembly of the following linked components: forced ventilation by one or more fans; dry air
filtering and/or wet air washing systems, measuring and control devices, ventilation air heating system, automatic
fire extinguishing equipment, warning devices, electrical apparatus, joined together within or at a partially or totally
enclosed structure (limited by walls, called space) for the controlled processing of spray application of organic liquid
coating material.
NOTE 1

Spray booths are classified in annex F.

This standard describes methods of verification of safety measures, information labels to be affixed to the spray
booth and minimum usage requirements contained within the operators handbook.
This standard does not cover:


spraying areas (spaces for application of organic liquid coating materials which are limited only by one side
wall used for extraction of exhaust ventilation).



combined spray booths according to definition given in 3.2;

NOTE 2

See prEN 13355.



the limiting walls of spray booths if they are constituent parts of a building are not to be considered part of the
machinery assembly;



the workroom or building used for the spraying of large size items (example: air-liner);



spraying equipment used in spray booths which is covered by EN 1953, EN 50050, and EN 50176.



Spray booths which are part of complex installations.

NOTE 3

complex installations may include additional hazards.

This standard is not applicable to spray boots which are manufactured before the date of publication of this
standard by CEN.

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BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009
EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

2

Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
EN 525, Non-domestic direct gas-fired forced convection air heaters for space heating not exceeding a net heat
input of 300 kW.
EN 563, Safety of machinery — Temperatures of touchable surfaces — Ergonomics data to establish temperature
limit values for hot surfaces.
EN 746-1, Industrial thermoprocessing equipment — Part 1: Common safety requirements for industrial
thermoprocessing equipment.
EN 746-2, Industrial thermoprocessing equipment — Part 2: Safety requirements for combustion and fuel handling
systems.
EN 954-1, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design.
EN 971-1:1996, Paints and varnishes — Terms and definitions for coating materials — Part 1: General terms.
EN 982, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components — Hydraulics.

EN 983, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components — Pneumatics.
EN 1070:1998, Safety of machinery — Terminology.
EN 1088, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design and selection.
EN 1127-1:1997, Explosive atmospheres — Explosion prevention and protection — Part 1: Basic concepts and
methodology.
EN 1838, Lighting applications — Emergency lighting.
EN 1953, Atomising and spraying equipment for coating materials — Safety requirements.
EN 13463-1:2001, Non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres — Part 1: Basic method and
requirements.
EN 13463-5, Non-electrical equipment intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres — Part 5: Protection
by constructional safety “c”.
EN 13478, Safety of machinery — Fire prevention and protection.
prEN 14986, Design of fans working in potentially explosive atmospheres.
!EN 14462:2005 Noise test code for surface treatment equipment including its ancillary handling equipment"
EN 50015, Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres — Oil immersion "o",
EN 50016, Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres — Pressurised apparatus "p".
EN 50017, Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres — Powder filling "q".
EN 50050, Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres — Electrostatic hand-held spraying
equipment.

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BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009
EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

EN 50176, Automatic electrostatic spraying installations for flammable liquid spraying material.
EN 60079-0, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres – Part 0: General requirements (IEC 600790:2004.
EN 60079-1, Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres – Part 1: Flameproof enclosure "d" (IEC
60079-1:2003).

EN 60079-7, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres – Part 7: Increased safety "e" (IEC 600797:2001).
EN 50020, Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres — Intrinsic safety "i".
EN 60079-15, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 15: Type of protection "n" (IEC 6007915:2001, modified).
EN 60079-18, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres – Part 18: Construction, test and marking of
type of protection encapsulation "m" electrical apparatus (IEC 60079-18:2004).
EN 60079-25, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres – Part 25: Intrinsically safe systems (IEC
60079-25:2003.
EN 60204-1:1997, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines – Part 1: General requirements (IEC
60204-1:1997).
EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989).
EN ISO 3746, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Survey
method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane (ISO 3764:1995).
EN ISO 4871, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO
4871:1996).
EN ISO 11202, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission sound
pressure levels at the work station and at other specified positions — Survey method in situ (ISO 11202:1995).
EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003).
EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 2: Technical
principles (ISO 12100-2:2003).
EN ISO 14122-2, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working platforms
and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2001).
EN ISO 14122-3, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs, stepladders
and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2001).
EN ISO 14122-4, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 4: Fixed ladders (ISO
14122-4:2004).

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EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

3

Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply.
3.1
spray booth
assembly of linked components such as forced ventilation by one or more fans; dry air filtering and/or wet air
washing systems, measuring and control devices (e.g. interlocking of forced ventilation and spraying device),
ventilation air heating system (e.g. burner), automatic fire extinguishing equipment, warning devices, electrical
apparatus, joined together within or at a partially or totally enclosed structure (limited by walls, called space) for the
controlled processing of spray application of organic liquid coating material
3.1.1
enclosed spray booth (see annex F – Figures F.1 and F.3)
spray booth enclosed on all sides during spray process except the openings for ingress and egress of workpieces
and ducts for ventilation
3.1.2
open top spray booth (see annex F - Figure F.2)
spray booth enclosed on all sides during spray process except the top entrance side for ventilation air, the
openings for ingress and egress of workpieces and ducts for exhaust ventilation
3.1.3
open fronted spray booth (see annex F – Figure F.4)
spray booth enclosed on all sides during spray process except openings provided in the side walls for ingress and
egress of workpieces and ducts for exhaust ventilation. The open front side is used as entrance of ventilation air
and access for operator
3.2
combined spraying and drying booth

assembly of linked components such as fan(s), ventilation air heating system (e.g. heat exchanger or burner),
power driven dampers, forced ventilation ducting, dry air filtering and/or wet air washing systems, automatic fire
extinguishing equipment and additional specific electrical equipment, control and power circuits joined together for
the spraying and drying process of liquid coating material in a space totally enclosed provided with a forced
ventilation
NOTE

The combined booth can be provided with a working pit.

3.3
organic liquid coating material
organic product, in liquid form, that when applied to a substrate forms a film possessing protective, decorative
and/or other specific technical properties, e.g. paints, varnishes, including their solvents and thinners
(see EN 971-1)
3.4
binder
non-volatile part of the medium which forms the film (see 1.6 of EN 971-1:1996)
3.5
solvent
single liquid, or blends of liquid, volatile under specified drying conditions, and in which the binder is completely
soluble (see 1.4.5 of EN 971-1:1996)
NOTE

Solvents are also contained in liquids used as cleaning or washing agents.

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EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

3.6
application
action of putting organic liquid coating material on a substrate so that it adheres to the surface to be coated
3.7
spray processes
atomisation of liquid organic coating materials by different means
3.7.1
pneumatic process
sprayed organic coating material by a flow of compressed air
3.7.2
airless or under hydrostatic pressure processed
sprayed organic coating material through a suitable nozzle under high pressure
3.7.3
combined process
combination of several processes such as hydrostatic pressure associated with compressed air
3.7.4
electrostatic process
sprayed organic coating material electrostatically charged and attracted by the surface of the earthed workpiece
3.8
flammable (combustible) substance
substance in the form of gas, vapour, liquid, solid or mixtures of these, able to undergo an exothermic reaction with
air when ignited (see 3.1 of EN 1127-1:1997)
NOTE "Combustible materials" and "flammable substances" are equivalently used terms in this standard.
Examples are paint aerosols and solvents.
3.9
drying
evaporation of liquids from the materials being processed (see 3.5 of EN 1539:2000)
3.10
forced ventilation

air circulation achieved by one or several fans
3.11
fresh air
air drawn from a clean source inside or outside the building into the spray booth
3.12
circulated air
air extracted from the volume and reintroduced into it
NOTE

In this standard, the volume is the spray booth.

3.13
explosive atmosphere
mixture with air, under atmospheric conditions, of flammable substance(s) in the form of gas, vapour, mist or dust,
in which after ignition has occurred, combustion spreads to the entire unburned mixture (see 3.17 of
EN 1127-1:1997)
3.14
lower explosion limit (LEL)
lower limit of explosion range (see 3.8 and 3.13 of EN 1127-1:1997)

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BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009
EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

NOTE “Explosion limit” and “Ignition limit” are equivalent. In accordance with international usage, only the term
“Explosion limit" is used in this standard.
3.15
exposure limits

concentration limits of hazardous substances in air required by worker health legislation
NOTE

Limits are different according to the countries (see annex E).

3.16
hazardous areas
areas where hazards due to explosive atmosphere may exist. The probability of occurrence of explosive
atmosphere is classified in zones.
Limit of hazardous zones are given in annex A
3.16.1
zone 0
place in which an explosive atmosphere consisting of a mixture with air of flammable substances in the form of gas,
vapour or mist is present continuously or for long periods or frequently (see 6.3.2 of EN 1127-1:1997)
3.16.2
zone 1
place in which an explosive atmosphere consisting of a mixture with air of flammable substances in the form of gas,
vapour or mist is likely to occur in normal operation occasionally (see 6.3.2 of EN 1127-1:1997)
3.16.3
zone 2
place in which an explosive atmosphere consisting of a mixture with air of flammable substances in the form of gas,
vapour or mist is not likely to occur in normal operation but, if it does occur, will persist for a short period only
(see 6.3.2 of EN 1127-1:1997)
3.17
Equipment category
3.17.1
Equipment Group II Category 1
equipment in this category is intended for use in areas in which explosive atmospheres caused by mixtures of air
and gases, vapours
or mists are present continuously for long periods or frequently

(see 3.2.3 of EN 13463-1:2001)
NOTE

Equipment of category 1 is suitable for use in zone 0.

3.17.2
equipment Group II Category 2
Equipment in this category is intended for use in areas in which explosive atmospheres caused by mixtures of air
and gases, vapours or mists are likely to occur (see 3.2.4 of EN 13463-1:2001)
NOTE

Equipment of category 2 is suitable for use in zone 1.

3.17.3
Equipment Group II Category 3
equipment in this category is intended for use in areas in which explosive atmospheres cause by mixtures of air
and gases, vapours or mists are unlikely to occur, or, if they do occur, are likely to do so only in frequently and for a
short period only (see 3.2.5 of EN 13463-1:2001)
NOTE

Equipment of category 3 is suitable for use in zone 2.

3.18
pit
ground excavation covered or open. For example a suction pit

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BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009

EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

3.19
working pit
ground excavation, illuminated and ventilated in which the operator works while painting the underside of an item
3.20
multizone spray booth
spray booth including a number of sections for manual and/or automatic spraying and forced ventilated flash off
space
NOTE

4

In flash off spaces no spraying takes place.

List of significant hazards

4.1

General

This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in
this standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to
eliminate or reduce the risk.
NOTE 1

Examples for classifications are given in annex F.

NOTE 2
Hazards can occur from combinations of ancillary equipment (e.g. atomising and spraying equipment, paint heaters,

pumps, pipes for coating materials, robots, reciprocators, conveyors, platforms) and other parts of the spray booth.

4.2

Mechanical hazards

4.2.1

Shearing, crushing and drawing-in hazards

These hazards may occur especially in spray booths for automatic spraying equipment/systems, e.g. by means of:


unexpected actuation of conveyor (during maintenance);



fans and automated damper adjusters (e.g. injuries caused by over-running of fan blades during maintenance);



moving parts of the spray booth (e.g.; doors, gates);



installed automatic spraying equipment or system (e.g.; spraying reciprocator, atomising and spraying system
and revolving tables for workpieces).

4.2.2

Entrapment hazard

This hazard can occur, for instance:


when obstacles or obstructions can impede a quick evacuation by the operator(s) from the spray booth in case
of mechanical accident or fire;



when there is an accidental significant lowering of pressure inside an enclosed spray booth (i.e.: obstruction of
air inlet) capable:


of clamping the doors by mechanical deformation of the structure of the spray booth;



to increase the door opening effort beyond human capability.

4.2.3

High pressure fluid ejection hazards

Such hazard can occur, for instance, in case of the failure of high pressure equipment.

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EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

4.2.4

Personnel's slip, trip and fall hazards

Such hazards can occur, for instance:


on gangways, platforms, ladders and stairs within the spray booth;



on gratings at floor level;



on ground rendered slippery from paint deposits or other substances;



falling down into the working pit of the spray booth.

These hazards may be increased as a result of poor lighting.

4.3

Electrical hazards

4.3.1

Electrical shock (by direct or indirect contact)

Such hazards can occur, for instance by touching:


electrically live parts that are non insulated for operational reasons;



conductive parts which are not at a dangerous voltage under normal operation, but in the case of failure could
be;



electrically live parts when the insulation is damaged by contact with solvents or by mechanical parts.

4.3.2

External influence on electrical equipment hazard

Such hazards can occur, for instance when interaction of the electrostatic high voltage equipment with construction
elements of the control and safety systems can cause dangerous malfunctions for instance, short circuits on
electronic safety circuits, entrance guards, alarm units.

4.4

Thermal hazards

Such hazards can for instance be generated by:



contact with hot surfaces;



fire or explosions (see 4.7.1. and 4.7.2. specific to these hazards);



hot spraying systems.

4.5

Hazards generated by noise

These hazards may occur inside and outside the spray booth.
They can be generated by noises emitted for instance by:


fans;



excessive air velocity in ducts and accessories;



wet air washing systems;



air operated equipment (nozzles of atomising and spraying equipment, pumps, valves, etc.).

!deleted text"

4.6
4.6.1

Hazards resulting from dangerous substances
Hazards resulting from contact with/or absorption of organic liquid coating materials

Such hazards can be generated by contact with/or absorption of organic liquid coating materials, solvents, cleaning
agents causing skin and eye damage, dermatitis or allergies.

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BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009
EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

4.6.2

Hazards resulting from inhalation of organic liquid coating materials

Such hazards can be generated by inhalation of aerosols and solvent vapours released by organic liquid coating
materials.
4.6.3

Hazards resulting from inhalation of gases

Such hazards can be generated by inhalation of toxic gases released by the heating device (heating gases, gases
from combustion).
4.6.4

Hazards resulting from inhalation of gases and vapours

Such hazards can be generated by inhalation of dangerous gases and vapours emitted by automatic fire
extinguishing equipment.

4.7

Fire and explosion hazards

4.7.1

Fire hazards

Such hazards can be generated by, e.g.:


ignition of flammable paint and varnish deposits inside the spray booth, in exhaust ducts and filtration units;
 when the spray booth is in operation a misuse or mechanical or electrical defects can cause ignition of
these deposits. This is especially valid in electrostatic spray booths;
in maintenance operations requiring use of cutting or welding tools, energy released can also initiate a
combustion;
The fast propagation of fire induces a risk for the neighbouring areas.



failure of liquid coating material or solvent or combustible liquid pipes or fittings with exit of flammable liquids
inside the spray booth;



ignition of cleaning rags containing solvents;



auto-ignition created from chemical reactions between different types of liquid coating materials;



electrostatic equipment, badly driven items or control system malfunction causing electric arcs between items
to be painted and machinery parts at high voltage. Hence electric arcs can provoke the ignition of the paint
aerosol. This can especially occur in plant using robots or automated machines;



heating devices capable of igniting solvents.

NOTE

4.7.2

Examples of ignition sources are:


hot surfaces e.g. of heating systems and electrical equipment;



sparks created by mechanically induced energy e.g. fans, conveyors, etc.;



electrostatic discharges;



electrical sparks;



welding and other sources of thermal energy used during maintenance and cleaning.

Explosion hazards

Such hazards can occur when the concentration of the flammable substances in air exceeds the lower explosion
limit (LEL) and if an effective ignition source is present.
NOTE 1

Examples of flammable substances which increase concentration above the normal:


14

solvent vapours from the flash off process;

BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009
EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

NOTE 2

4.8



gases from fuels and/or product by the combustion of the heating system;



gases released from deposits;



combustible heating gases;



solvent vapours from any leakage from broken pipes or fittings;



cleaning fluids;



solvent vapours from recirculating process in automatic spraying booth.

Examples of sources of ignition see NOTE of 4.7.1.

Hazards caused by failure of energy supply

Such hazards can be generated by:


failure of ventilation resulting in a rapid increase of flammable substances vapour concentration requiring
immediate evacuation by the operator;



failure of emergency exit lighting;



failure of energy supply to the safety control devices.

4.9

Hazards generated by unhealthy postures

Such hazards can be caused in the working pit if its dimensions are not suitable for operator’s ergonomics.

5

Safety requirements and/or measures

5.1

General

Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the
machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100-2 relevant but not significant hazards which
are not dealt with by this standard (e.g. sharp edges).
NOTE
Hazards generated by spraying equipment for organic liquid coating materials and their ancillary devices are
covered by EN 1953.

5.2

Mechanical safety requirements

5.2.1

Measures against shearing, crushing and drawing-in

The design shall avoid injury due to shearing, crushing or drawing-in by movement of machinery and/or parts of
equipment. Contact with dangerous moving parts shall be prevented by the following measures:


fitting of distance guards (e.g. for fans and automated dampers adjusters);



protective devices (e.g. mechanical, light sensitive);



hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical interlocks.

!When fixed guards are applied, they shall be fixed by systems that can be opened or removed only with tools.
Their fixing systems shall remain attached to the guards or to the machinery when the guards are removed. Where
possible, these guards shall be designed in such a way that they can only remain in place using their fixing
system."
NOTE 1
If automatic devices for spraying systems like robots or reciprocators or similar systems are installed, access to
dangerous areas requires interlocking with doors or protective devices (e.g. mechanical, light sensitive) see also 5.6.2.4.

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BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009
EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

NOTE 2

5.2.2

Robots are dealt with in EN 775.

Measures against entrapment

This section is restricted to spray booths operated with an operator inside. Enclosed spray booths shall be
designed so that in case of an emergency an operator can find his way out of the spray booth in a minimum time,
without obstacles or obstructions on his way.
The doors provided for personnel:


shall be capable of being opened from inside and outside;



shall be capable of being opened from inside by a push, independent of the air pressure (high or low) within
the spray booth;



shall not be locked by bolts or locks but can be lockable from outside provided that the doors can be opened
from inside by a mere push;



shall be self closing;



shall have a minimum 800 mm width and 2 000 mm height.

For access and egress of persons, spray booths for manual application shall be designed so that the operator does
not need to travel more than 10 m to an operator door.
Spray booths of which examples are given as Figures F.1, F.2 and F.3 of annex F shall be equipped at least with
two accessible doors as far apart as possible and not adjacent. If the operator has less than 5 m to reach an exit,
taking into account any obstacles, a single door is permitted.
If the loading door complies with the requirements for doors provided for operator, a single personnel door is
sufficient.
If a permanent opening for loading workpieces is used as well as operator door, a clearance of 800 mm exceeding
maximum workpiece width shall be provided.
Spray booths of which examples are given as Figures F.1 and F.3 of annex F shall be designed to prevent an

accidental severe lowering of pressure inside the spray booth, capable of hindering the opening of the doors either
by increase of opening effort or by deformation of the structure.
5.2.3

Measures against high pressure fluid ejection

Fluid piping and pressurised systems shall comply with the requirements of EN 982 and EN 983.
Spraying equipment shall comply with the specifications laid down by EN 1953.
5.2.4

Measures against slip, trip and fall of personnel

Ladders, gangways and railings that equip the spray booths shall comply with the standards EN ISO 14122-2,
EN ISO 14122-3 and EN ISO 14122-4.
Floor grating joints shall not have projections or cavities capable of hindering the operator.
The spray booth floor and all gangways shall be non-skid.
Working pits shall be illuminated.
The spray booth shall be provided with adequate lighting, with 600 lux minimum.

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BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009
EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

5.3

Electrical safety requirements

5.3.1

General

Electrical equipment shall comply with EN 60204-1.
All supply disconnecting devices shall be lockable.
5.3.2

Measures against contact with electrical parts

Protection against electrical shock shall comply with requirements of clause 6 of EN 60204-1:1997.
The insulation of electrical equipment shall be resistant against solvents and other fluids. Electrical equipment shall
be protected against outside mechanical influence.
All mechanical conductive parts shall be earthed (see EN 60204-1).
Access to dangerous areas where automatic electrostatic equipment is located shall be prevented during operation.
This can be achieved by e.g.:


Interlocking device

or


Interlocking device with guard locking

with the high voltage energy supply of the automatic spraying equipment (see EN 50176).
NOTE 1

For requirements against electrostatic hazards of atomising and spraying equipment, see EN 1953, EN 50050 and
EN 50176.

NOTE 2

Appropriate category according to EN 954-1, see 5.6.2.4

5.3.3

Measures against external influence on electrical equipment

All systems and apparatus relevant for safety shall be constructed in such way that they cannot be influenced by
interaction with electromagnetic fields.
According to 4.4 of EN 60204-1:1997, physical effects of environmental and operating conditions have to be taken
into account.

5.4

Safety requirements and measures against thermal hazards

The protection against burns by contact with very hot surfaces easy to reach shall be assured by insulation or by
guards. According to EN 563 every exposed hot surface likely to be touched shall be less than 60 °C. For very
small surfaces exceptions are possible (see EN 563).
In case of flames or explosion the operator shall be able to quickly evacuate the spray booth in complete safety.
Doors for operator shall be in compliance with the requirements of 5.2.2.

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BS EN 12215:2004+A1:2009
EN 12215:2004+A1:2009 (E)

5.5

Safety requirements and measures against noise

A spray booth as defined in 3.1 shall be so designed and constructed that risks resulting from the emission of
airborne noise are reduced to the lowest level taking account of technical progress and the availability of means of
reducing noise, in particular at source.
For example the following measures can be adopted:


equipment set on anti-vibratory supports;



flexible connections between the ducts and especially between fans and ducts;



choice of fan speed according to the most favourable noise curves;



air velocity reduction in ducts;



ducts soundproofing;



other means able to avoid vibrations, resonances and any other noise generated by ancillary equipment

permanently installed and connected to the spray booth that should not propagate to the spray booth structure.

NOTE 1
EN ISO 11688-1 gives general technical information on widely recognised technical rules and means to design lownoise machinery. EN ISO 11688-2 gives useful information on noise generation mechanisms in machinery.
NOTE 2

5.6

Concerning noise emitted by air compressors and spraying equipment refer to EN 1012-1 and EN 1953.

Safety requirements against dangerous substances

5.6.1 Measures against contact with/or absorption of organic liquid coating materials, solvents, cleaning
agents
Contact with or absorption of dangerous substances sprayed shall be reduced by forced ventilation as far as
possible (see 5.6.2). See also further requirement on instruction handbook in 7.2.2.
5.6.2
5.6.2.1

Measures against inhalation of aerosols and solvent vapours
General

In spray booths for manual application, prevention of inhalation of aerosols and solvent vapours shall be performed
by reducing the concentration in the operator working area below exposure limits (see annex F). This shall be
achieved by a forced ventilation to the spray booth adequate to type of application, size and shape of workpiece to
be coated, amount of dangerous substance sprayed, their exposure limits, and all application conditions.
In spray booths without operator inhalation hazards exist only when the operator shall enter inside the spray booth
for adjustment, control or maintenance purposes. Adequate safety devices shall be provided (see 5.6.2.3 c)).
Air escaping containing solvent vapours in hazardous amounts or concentrations from the spray booth to the
workshop shall be avoided.

5.6.2.2

Air flow direction

The following requirements shall be applied to spray booths for manual application:


the air flow shall be directed to ensure that the operator does not inhale air contaminated by organic liquid
coating materials at dangerous levels. If technical measures do not meet these requirements, refer to clause 7;



the air flow shall be as homogeneous as possible over the whole working area of the operator;



when it is required that the operator has to move around an workpiece positioned at a fixed spot, the
ventilation shall be vertical;



to avoid turbulence, the length and the width of vertically ventilated spray booths with operator shall be at least
1 m more on each side than the length and the width of the biggest object or workpiece to be painted. The size
of the latter shall be indicated by the manufacturer in the instruction handbook (7.2);



regarding vertically ventilated spray booths, the air flow shall be downwards.

18