Lý thuyết, bài tập về từ loại tiếng anh

1MINH PHƯƠNG

(FORMS OF WORD)
1. tobe + adj
Eg: She is beautiful.
tobe + N
Eg: He is an actor.
2. adv + V
Eg: He runs fast.
She sings beautifully.
3. a / an / the

+ N / cụm N (adj + N)

tính từ sở hữu (my, your, his, her, our, their, its)
Eg: a house, his work, a nice bag, a beautiful voice…
4. adv + adj
Eg: She is extremely beautiful.
5. prep + N / V-ing
Eg: It depends on each situation.
A. Chức năng của từ loại
I. Danh từ (nouns): danh thường được đặt ở những vị trí sau
1. Chủ ngữ của câu (thường đứng đầu câu,sau trạng ngữ chỉ thời
gian)
Ex: Maths is the subject I like best.
N
Yesterday Lan went home at midnight.
N
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2MINH PHƯƠNG

2. Sau tính từ: my, your, our, their, his, her, its, good, beautiful....
Ex: She is a good teacher.
Adj N
His father works in hospital.
Adj N
3. Làm tân ngữ, sau động từ
Ex: I like English.
We are students.
4. Sau “enough”
Ex: He didn’t have enough money to buy that car.
5. Sau các mạo từ a, an, the hoặc các từ this, that, these, those, each,
every, both, no, some, any, few, a few, little, a little,.....
(Lưu ý cấu trúc a/an/the + adj + noun)
Ex: This book is an interesting book.
6. Sau giới từ: in, on, of, with, under, about, at......
Ex: Thanh is good at literature.
II. Tính từ (adjectives): Tính từ thường đứng ở các vị trí sau
1. Trước danh từ: Adj + N
Ex: My Tam is a famous singer.
2. Sau động từ liên kết: tobe/seem/appear/feel/taste/look/keep/get +
adj
Ex: She is beautiful
Tom seems tired now.
Chú ý: cấu trúc keep/make + O + adj
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3MINH PHƯƠNG

Ex: He makes me happy
O adj
3. Sau “ too”: S + tobe/seem/look....+ too +adj...
Ex: He is too short to play basketball.
4. Trước “enough”: S + tobe + adj + enough...
Ex: She is tall enough to play volleyball.
5. Trong cấu trúc so...that: tobe/seem/look/feel.....+ so + adj + that
Ex: The weather was so bad that we decided to stay at home
6. Tính từ cịn được dùng dưới các dạng so sánh( lưu ý tính từ dài
hay đứng sau more, the most, less, as....as)
Ex: Meat is more expensive than fish.
Huyen is the most intelligent student in my class.
7. Tính từ trong câu cảm thán: How +adj + S + V
What + (a/an) + adj + N
III. Trạng từ (adverbs): Trạng từ thường đứng ở các vị trí sau
1. Trước động từ thường(nhất là các trạng từ chỉ tàn suất: often,
always, usually, seldom....)
Ex: They often get up at 6am.
2. Giữa trợ động từ và động từ thường
Ex: I have recently finished my homework.
TĐT adv V
3. Sau đơng từ tobe/seem/look...và trước tính từ: tobe/feel/look... +
adv + adj
Ex: She is very nice.
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4MINH PHƯƠNG

Adv adj
4. Sau “too”: V(thường) + too + adv
Ex: The teacher speaks too quickly.
5. Trước “enough” : V(thường) + adv + enough
Ex: The teacher speaks slowly enough for us to understand.
6. Trong cấu trúc so....that: V(thường) + so + adv + that
Ex: Jack drove so fast that he caused an accident.
7. Đứng cuối câu
Ex: The doctor told me to breathe in slowly.
8. Trạng từ cũng thường đứng một mình ở đầu câu,hoặc giữa câu và
cách các thành phần khác của câu bằng dấu phẩy(,)
Ex: - Last summer I came back my home country
- My parents had gone to bed when I got home.
- It’s raining hard. Tom, however, goes to school.
IV. Động từ (verbs): Vị trí của động từ trong câu rất dễ nhận biết vì
nó thường đứng sau chủ ngữ (Nhớ cẩn thận với câu có nhiều mệnh
đề).
Ex: My family has five people.
S

V

I believe her because she always tells the truth.
S V

S

V

Chú ý: Khi dùng động từ nhớ lưu ý thì của nó để chia cho đúng.

B. Cách nhận biết từ loại trong tiếng Anh

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5MINH PHƯƠNG

I. Danh từ (nouns): danh từ thường kết thúc bằng: -tion/-ation,
-ment, -er, -or, -ant, -ing, -age, -ship, -ism, -ity, -ness
Ex: distribution, information, development, teacher, actor, accountant,
teaching, studying, teenage, friendship, relationship, shoolarship,
socialism, ability, sadness, happiness...........
II. Tính từ (adjective): Tính từ thường kết thúc bằng: -ful, -less, -ly,
-al, -ble, -ive, -ous, -ish, -y, -like, -ic, -ed, -ing
Ex: helful, beautiful, useful, homeless, childless, friendly, yearly, daily,
national, international, acceptable, impossible, active, passive, attractive,
famous, serious, dangerous, childish, selfish, foolish, rainy, cloudy,
snowy, sandy, foggy, healthy, sympathy, childlike, specific, scientific,
interested, bored, tired, interesting, boring
III. Trạng từ (adverbs): Trạng từ thường được thành lập bằng cách
thêm đuôi “ly” vào tính từ
Ex: beautifully, usefully, carefully, strongly, badly
Lưu ý: Một số trạng từ đặc biệt cần ghi nhớ
ADJ
good
late
ill
fast

ADV

well
late/lately
ill
fast

C. Bài tập về từ loại trong tiếng Anh
1. John cannot make a _______ to get married to Mary or stay single
until he can afford a house and a car.
a. decide
b. decision
c. decisive
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6MINH PHƯƠNG

d. Decisively
2. She often drives very ________ so she rarely causes accident .
a. carefully
b. careful
c. caring
d. Careless
3. All Sue’s friends and __________ came to her party .
a. relations
b. Relatives
c. relationship
d. Related
4. My father studies about life and structure of plants and animals. He is
a ……….
a. biology

b. biologist
c. biological
d. biologically
5. She takes the …….. for running the household.
a. responsibility
b. responsible
c. responsibly
d. responsiveness.
6. We are a very close-nit family and very ….. of one another.
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7MINH PHƯƠNG

a. supporting
b. supportive
c. support
d. supporter
7. You are old enough to take _______ for what you have done.
a. responsible
b. responsibility
c. responsibly
d. irresponsible
8. He has been very interested in doing research on _______ since he
was at high school.
a. biology
b. biological
c. biologist
d. biologically
9. Although they are twins, they have almost the same appearance but

they are seldom in __.
a. agree
b. agreeable
c. agreement
d. Agreeably
10. The more _______ and positive you look, the better you will feel.
a. confide
b. confident
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8MINH PHƯƠNG

c. confidently
d. Confidence
11. My parents will have celebrated 30 years of _______ by next week.
a. marry
b. married
c. marriageable
d. marriage
12. London is home to people of many _______ cultures.
a. diverse
b. diversity
c. diversify
d. diversification
13. Some people are concerned with physical ______ when choosing a
wife or husband.
a. attractive
b. attraction
c.attractiveness

d.attractively
14. Mrs. Pike was so angry that she made a _______ gesture at the
driver.
a. rude
b. rudeness
c. rudely
d. rudest
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9MINH PHƯƠNG

15. She sent me a _______ letter thanking me for my invitation.
a. polite
b. politely
c. politeness
d. impoliteness
16. He is unhappy because of his --------------.
a. deaf
b. deafen
c. deafness
d. Deafened
17. His country has -------------- climate.
a. continent
b. continental
c. continence
d. Continentally
18. She has a -------------- for pink.
a. prefer
b. preferential

c. preferentially
d. Preference
19. Computers are -------------- used in schools and universities.
a. widely
b. wide
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10MINH PHƯƠNG

c. widen
d. Width
20. I sometimes do not feel -------------- when I am at a party.
a. comfort
b. comfortable
c. comforted
d. Comfortably
21. English is the language of --------------.
a. communicative
b. communication
c. communicate
d. communicatively
22. I have to do this job because I have no --------------.
a. choose
b. choice
c. choosing
d. Chosen
23. English is used by pilots to ask for landing -------------- in Cairo.
a. instruct
b. instructors

c. instructions
d. Instructive
24. He did some odd jobs at home --------------.
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11MINH PHƯƠNG

a. disappointment
b. disappoint
c. disappointed
d. Disappointedly
25. Don’t be afraid. This snake is --------------.
a. harm
b. harmful
c. harmless
d. Unharmed
26. During his --------------, his family lived in the United State.
a. child
b. childhood
c. childish
d. Childlike
27. Jack London wrote several -------------- novels on adventure.
a. interest
b. interestedly
c. interesting
d. interested
28. He failed the final exam because he didn’t make any -------------- for
it.
a. prepare

b. preparation
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12MINH PHƯƠNG

c. preparing
d. Prepared
29. The custom was said to be a matter of --------------.
a. convenient
b. convenience
c. conveniently
d. Convene
30. She is -------------- in her book.
a. absorbed
b. absorbent
c. absorptive
d. Absorb
31. As she is so -------------- with her present job, she has decided to
leave.
a. satisfy
b. satisfied
c. satisfying
d. unsatisfied
II. Chọn đáp án đúng để điền vào chỗ trống sau đây.
Câu 1: We like their ……
A. friends
B. friendly
C. friendliness
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13MINH PHƯƠNG

D. a&c
Câu 2: The …. between Vietnam and China is good.
A. friends
B. friendly
C. friendliness
D. friendship
Câu 3: They seem to be ….. We dislike them.
A. friends
B. friendly
C. friendliness
D. friendship
Câu 4: There will be a …. in this street.
A. meet
B. meeting
C. met
D. a&c
Câu 5: We saw …. girls there.
A. beauty
B. beautiful
C. beautifully
D. beautify
Câu 6: The garden is … with trees and flowers.
A. beauty
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14MINH PHƯƠNG

B. beautiful
C. beautifully
D. beautify
Câu 7: They enjoy the …. atmosphere here.
A. peaceably
B. peace
C. peaceful
D. A & C
Câu 8: The …. unit of currency is the Ringgit.
A. Malaysia
B. Malaysian
C. Malay
D. no answer is correct
Câu 9: In ….., there are other religions.
A. addition
B. additionally
C. add
D. addiction
Câu 10: The _________ of old buildings should be taken into
consideration.
A. preserve
B. preservation
C. preservative
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15MINH PHƯƠNG

D. preserves
Câu 11: You have to be aware of the damage humans are doing to
quicken the _______ of wildlife.
A. extinct
B. extinctive
C. extinctions
D. extinction
Câu 12: The language of …… is Bahasa Malaysia.
A. instruction
B. instruct
C. instructive
D. instructing
Câu 13: The problem of ________ among young people is hard to solve.
A. employment
B. employers
C. employees
D. unemployment
Câu 14: The ________ will judge you on your quality and performance.
A. examining
B. examinees
C. examiners
D. examination
Câu 15: A (An) _________ corporation is a company that operates in
more than one country.
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16MINH PHƯƠNG

A. national

B. international
C. multinational
D. nationwide
III. Bài tập biến đổi từ loại trong tiếng Anh
1. …………………….., the barber cut my hair too short. (luck)
2. Nam is very ……………………….., kind and generous. (social)
3. She has short …………………….. hair. (curl)
4. My brother likes acting and outdoor ……………………………….
(act)
5. Bell …………………. demonstrated his invention. (success)
6. Thomas Watson was Bell’s …………………., wasn’t he? (assist)
7. “ The lost shoe” is one of the ……………………..stories I like best.
(tradition)
8. Marconi was the ……………………. of radio. (invent)
9. Alexander G.B ……………………….. demonstrates his invention.
(success)
10. We have two postal …………………… each day. (deliver)
11. She ‘s beautiful with a ……………………….. smile. (love)
12. Each of my friends has a ………………………. character. (differ)
13. My uncle often spends his free time doing volunteer work at a local
………. (orphan).
14. Trung and his brother like ………………………… movies very
much. (act)
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17MINH PHƯƠNG

15. Bell experimented with ways of transmitting…………… over a long
distance. (speak)

16. Mr Phong made an …………………. to see us at two o’clock.
(arrange)
17. There wasn’t any …………………. in our village two years ago.
(electric)
18. Everyone was ……………………….. at the soccer match. (excite)
19. The ……………………… of radio was made by Marconi. (invent)
20. Can I leave the ……………………….. of the table for you?
(arrange)

BÀI TẬP
Exercise 1. Give the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Detroit is renowned for the __________ of cars. PRODUCE
2. If you make a good ___________ at the interview, you will get the
job. IMPRESS
3. Teaching and medicine are more than __________, they're
professions. OCCUPY
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18MINH PHƯƠNG

4. My history teacher has a vast ___________ of past events. KNOW
5. You are never too old to go to college and gain some ___________
QUALIFY
6. My greatest __________ was graduating from the university.
ACHIEVE
7. The weatherman said there is a strong ___________ of rain today.
POSSIBLE
8. Some old laws are no longer ___________ EFFECT
9. Athens is___________ for its ancient buildings. FAME

10. He was caught shoplifting so now he has a ___________ record.
CRIME
11. Despite her severe _________, she fulfilled her goals in life.
DISABLE
12. Being ___________ is the worst thing that can happen to someone.
EMPLOY
13. If you buy presents in the summer your ___________ can be very
high. SAVE
14. Due to the pilot's __________, the copilot managed to land safely.
GUIDE
15. It's important to also see the less_________ sides of the job.
DESIRE
16. I was surprised at his__________ to give up. REFUSE
17. Children are by nature__________ of danger. AWARE
18. She is always___________ towards her parents. RESPECT
19. The hospital has the best medical_________ and fast ambulances.
EQUIP
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19MINH PHƯƠNG

20. You can relax in the comfortable__________ of the hotel.
SURROUND
21. The ___________ looked dark and there were hardly any other
guests. ENTER
22. Artists must be ___________, otherwise they just repeat what they
see or hear. CREATE
23. Why are you so ___________ of his work? He's just doing his best.
CRITIC

24. Have you made up your mind? We need to know your ___________
as soon as possible. DECIDE
25. He's too shy to look people ___________ when he talks to them.
DIRECT
26. Have they put the Christmas ___________ yet? DECORATE
27. They put too many unnecessary ___________ in food. ADD
28. I ___________ think that there's no point in arguing with him. Just
ignore him. HONEST
29. Extraterrestrial life has not been ___________ proved yet. SCIENCE
30. Why don't you call the ___________ if the lights don't work?
ELECTRIC
31. Music and television are forms of ___________ ENTERTAIN
32. The concert didn't live up to our ___________ EXPECT
33. The electric company admitted their ___________ for the blackout.
RESPOND
34. Did you use to have ___________ as a child? ALLOW
35. I don't like those trousers, no matter how ___________ they are.
FASHION
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20MINH PHƯƠNG

36. Life ___________ varies according to country and gender. EXPECT
Exercise 2. Give the correct form of the word in brackets.
1) We need to find a __________ to the problem as soon as possible.
(solve)
2) Juan speaks English fluently and makes very few __________
mistakes. (grammar)
3) The teacher keeps a record of every student's __________ . (attend)

4) Air-conditioning is a ___________ if you live somewhere like the
south of Spain. (necessary)
5) Don't be afraid of the dog. He's absolutely __________ . (harm)
6) The company is trying hard to improve customer __________ .
(satisfy)
7) Measures were taken around the world to __________ airport security
after the 11 September attacks. (tight)
8) We're going to change our suppliers as they have become very
__________ in the last year. (rely)
9) Patricia's very __________ . She writes short stories, paints and
makes mosaics. (create)
10) We need your __________ at the bottom of the page. (sign)
Exercise 3. Give the correct form of the words in bracket.
1) The index at the back of the book is in __________ order. (alphabet)
2) The fans waved __________ as the film star stepped out of the
limousine. (excite)
3) Chickenpox is a highly __________ disease which many people catch
as a child. (infect)

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21MINH PHƯƠNG

4) Matt is very __________ . He wants to be number one at everything.
(compete)
5) Harry loves cars and he's so __________ about them. (knowledge)
6) There is little __________ of the president being re-elected. (likely)
7) The prime minister thinks there may be a __________ to overthrow
him. (conspire)

8) In __________ with Tokyo, London and Paris are relatively cheap.
(compare)
9) The police were unable to __________ that she had committed the
crime. (proof)
10) The president's speech went on for so long that I almost died of
__________ ! (bore)
Exercise 4. Cho dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc.
1) Naomi and Kurt have three children. Naomi also has a daughter from
a previous ________ . (marry)
2) The film was so ________ . You knew exactly how it was going to
end. (predict)
3) The goverment is concerned about the significant rise in ________ .
(homeless)
4) It has been ________ proven that stroking a cat can lower your blood
pressure. (scientific)
5) Thanks to the large ________ from her grandmother Paula was able
to buy a villa in the south of France. (inherit)
6) In the UK it is ________ to sell cigarettes to children under 16. (legal)
7) You can ________ your tea with honey instead of sugar. (sweet)

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22MINH PHƯƠNG

8) You need to _______ the final point of the presentation. It's rather
confusing. (clear)
9) The film turned out to be a big ________ . It was really quite boring.
(disappoint)
10) The ________ between the city's two football teams is often quite

fierce. (rival)
Exercise 5. Cho dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc tiếng Anh.
1) Lizzy has just won a ________ to a world-renowned university.
(scholar)
2) It's ________ arguing with them. They are not going to change their
mind. (point)
3) You will need your parents' _______ if you want to go on the school
trip. (permit)
4) It's a wonderful restaurant. Great food and excellent service. We
_______ recommend it! (high)
5) Thank you so much for the flowers. It's very ________ of you.
(thought)
6) Sarah speaks perfect French as she spent much of her __________ in
Canada. (child)
7) I've ________ my wallet. Have you seen it anywhere? (place)
8) Don't forget to ________ the modem when you have finished using it.
(connect)
9) Ben sulks like a child when he doesn't get his own way. He's so
________ . (mature)
10) Oliver's CV is truly _______ . He's bound to get the job. (impress)
Exercise 6. Cho dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc tiếng Anh.
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23MINH PHƯƠNG

1. It's totally ___________ that you stayed home when you were
sick.UNDERSTAND
2. Don't laugh at his stupid jokes! You'll only ___________ him to say
them again. COURAGE

3. That sidewalk is ___________ (slip), I almost fell!
4. After Monday, I will no longer be a foreigner--I am receiving my
___________ (citizen)!
5. Arthur will be very lonely unless you ___________ (friend) him.
6. Every afternoon, the cooks ___________ (sharp) their knives in
preparation for dinner.
7. I hate being around Mary Lou, she is so ___________ (friendly).
8. The stock market crash of 1929 left my great-grandfather
___________ (penny).
9. I have a class at 8:00 a.m. but I always ___________ (sleep).
10. The groom may ___________ (veil) the bride only when their vows
have been exchanged
11. I think we should try something else. That strategy seems way too
___________ (risk).
12. My father's death left me with a great ___________ (empty) in my
heart.
13. George W. Bush is pretending that he attacked Iraq to ___________
(liberty) the Iraqis.
14. Americans fought hard to earn their ___________ (free) from
Britain.
15. When you work at a nuclear power plant, you have to be extremely
___________ (care).
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24MINH PHƯƠNG

16. Every time I think I've beaten you, you ___________ (do) me!
17. I had to take three months off when I was pregnant, but my boss has
been very ___________ (understand).

18. He will ___________ (cork) the wine as soon as we are ready for
dinner.
19. You need to work on your orthography so you don't ___________
(spell) these words.
20. The weather ___________ (cast) looks bad for a picnic--rainy and
windy!
Exercise 7. Cho dạng đúng của từ in hoa.
We earn our _____ (LIVE) in America today in peaceful ______
(COMPETE) with people all across the Earth. Profound and _____
(POWER) forces are shaking and _____ (MAKE) our world, and the
urgent question of our time is whether we can make change our friend
and not our enemy. This new world has already _____ (RICH) the lives
of millions of Americans who are able to _____ (COMPETITION) and
win in it. But when most people are working harder for less, when others
cannot work at all, when the cost of health care devastates families and
threatens to _____ (BANK) our enterprises, great and small, when the
fear of crime robs law abiding citizens of their _____ (FREE), and when
millions of poor children cannot even imagine the lives we are calling
them to lead, we have not made change our friend.
Exercise 8. Cho dạng đúng của từ in hoa
It is simply this. That Space, as our _____ (MATH) have it, is spoken of
as having three dimensions, which one may call _____ (LONG),
Breadth, and _____ (THICK), and is always definable by _____
(REFER) to three planes, each at right angles to the others. But some
philosophical people have been asking why THREE dimensions _____
(PARTICULAR) - why not another direction at right angles to the other
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25MINH PHƯƠNG

three?--and have even tried to construct a Four-Dimension geometry.
Professor Simon Newcomb was expounding this to the New York
Mathematical Society only a month or so ago. You know how on a flat
surface, which has only two dimensions, we can represent a figure of a
three _____ (DIMENSION) solid, and _____ (SIMILAR) they think that
by models of thee dimensions they could represent one of four--if they
could master the _____ (PERCEIVE) of the thing. See?'
Exercise 9. Cho dạng đúng của từ in hoa
In the centre of the room, clamped to an upright easel, stood the fulllength portrait of a young man of _____ (ORDINARY) personal beauty,
and in front of it, some little _____ (DISTANT) away, was sitting the
artist himself, Basil Hallward, whose sudden _____ (APPEAR) some
years ago caused, at the time, such public _____ (EXCITE), and gave
rise to so many strange conjectures. As the painter looked at the _____
(GRACE) and comely form he had so _____ (SKILL) mirrored in his
art, a smile of ______ (PLEASE) passed across his face, and seemed
about to linger there. But he _____ (SUDDEN) started up, and, closing
his eyes, placed his fingers upon the lids, as though he sought to _____
(PRISON) within his brain some curious dream from which he feared he
might _____ (WAKE).
Exercise 10. Cho dạng đúng của từ in đậm.
1. The Sultan spent over fifty million dollars making the capital city's
main hotel the most……… in the country. luxury
2. Police working on solving the bank robbery have by
chance…………… a plan to murder a leading politician. cover
3. We should go and eat at "Franco's" which is………….. a great little
restaurant. suppose
4. I left the house at 8am and stared at the empty garage in…………..
My car was nowhere to be seen. Someone had stolen it! believe
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