Ultrafiltration process for whey

Ultrafiltration Process for Whey

GVHD:Phạm Minh Tuấn
SVTH: nhóm 4
•
Whey feed; F1 =1000000 lb/day
•
Wt% combined TP(true protein) + NPN (nonprotein
nitrogen compounds) containing 85%
•
The process includes three sections
(1) four stages of continuous bleed-and-feed
ultrafiltration to reach 55 wt% (dry basis),
(2) four stages of continuous diafiltration to
reach 75 wt% (dry basis).
(3) one stage of batch diafiltration to reach the
final 85 wt% (dry basis).with a batch time limit of 4
hours.
three sections
Single-stage continuous feed-and-bleed
ultrafiltration.
four stages of continuous bleed-and-feed
ultrafiltration
Flow Rate in Whey = Wt%*F1
Single Continuous UF Stage for Section
1 to Reach 55 wt% TP+ NPN
•
Assume CF =10
•
F1 =1000000 lb/ day
•

R1 =F1 / CF =1000000/10 =100000
•
P1=F1 – R1 =1000000-100000 = 900000
•
yield equation:
=>
•
Wt% TP + NPN == 0.4344 = 43%
•
CF = 10 => Wt% (TP+NPN) = 43% < 55% (remove)
•
Assume CF=24,955
•

•
Wt% (TP + NPN) == 0.55 = 55 %
•

•
% yield (TP+NPN) :=0.4072 or40.72 %
•
P1 =F1 –R1 =1000000 – 40072=959928 lb/day
=959928/8.5 = 112933 gal/day
•
For 20h/day ,
volumetric permeate rate=112933/20 =5647 gal/h
J=membrane flux == 0.452 gal/ft2h
Membrane area =5647/0.452=12490 ft2
Number cartridges need = 12490/26.5 = 471
Total fresh feed rate based on 20hr : 5882 gal/h

•

Four Continuous UF Stages for Section 1 to
Reach 55 wt% TP + NPN
•
Assume A and CF4
•
R4 = F1 / CF4
•
Pn=A Jn
•
Rn-1= Pn+ Rn
•
CFn-1= F1/ Rn-1
Assume

R4 R3 R2 R1
=
=376
P4 +R4
=1251
P3 +R3
=2577
P2 +R2
=4162
P4 P3 P2 P1
A.Jn =875 1326 1585 1763
CF4 CF3 CF2 CF1
16.65 =4.7 =2.3 =1.4

R4 R3 R2 R1
P4 +R4
=1251
P3 +R3
=2577
P2 +R2
=4162
P4 P3 P2 P1
A.Jn =875 1326 1585 1763
CF4 CF3 CF2 CF1
16.65
stage 1 2 3 4
Wt% TP+NPN in
retentate from
stage (dry basis)
20.3% 23% 44.5% 55.0%
•
% yield of TP+NPN
= 62.20%
•
Section 1: Number of nltrafiltration cartridges
cartridges =61
•
Total: 244 cartridges of four stages
•

Four Continuous Diafiltration Stages for Section 2
to Reach 75 wt% TP+ NPN
•

CF, for every stage:
CF =
•
flow rates
•

•
Assume W at half the feed rate F1
⇒
W= 60074/2 = 30037 lb/day
⇒
CF ==1.5
⇒

the Wt% TP +NPN in the concentrate is then
calculated, with a result of 78.2 W%, which is
higher than the specified 75%
•

•
with a corresponding CF=1.388
•
Wt% (TP+NPN) = =0.75 or 75 %
•
%yield (TP+NPN) = =91.91%
•
Section 1: CF =16.65
⇒
Membrane flux =0.5415 gal/(h.ft2 )
⇒

Permeate flow rate per stage =137
⇒
Membrane area = 137/0.5415 = 253 ft2
⇒
Cartridges per stage =253/26.5 =10
⇒
Total : 40 diafiltration cartridges
•

A Single Batch Diafiltration Stage for Section 3
to Reach 85 wt% TP+ NPN
•
To reach 85 wt%, it is important to remove
the lactose from the feed.
Example: W = Flactose
•
Membrane flux = 0.5415 gal/h.ft2
•
Permeate flow rate = 2368 gal/day
•
membrane area = 4.373 ft2
•
Number of cartridges = 165