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classical and behavioral perspectives
Theories are theoretical generalizations about a certain field that are drawn from research and practical
experience to apply in practice. The theory of management is the concepts and types of management in
production and business activities. That is an important factor for scientific and effective business operations.
During the management process, managers can completely combine different management tools to increase
efficiency. The simultaneous use of classical and behavioral perspectives can be a good combination to increase
efficiency and systematic work.
The classical theory is built on the belief that workers have only material and economic needs.
Managers treat workers like machines, regardless of their social needs or job satisfaction. They train highly skilled
workers to work according to established processes to maximize productivity and profits. Classical management
theory helps to define clear management structure, functions, and activities, making work easier. In this theory,
managers can also make decisions quickly because they do not have to go through intermediaries or consult
collectives. However, in classical management, managers only try to manage. behaviors and actions of
employees, and largely ignore their attitudes and job satisfaction. As a result, employees have limited creativity
and passion for work. Furthermore, the exhaustion of labor power causes workers to fight against the policies of
governance.
Contrary to classical management theory, behavioral management theory focuses on employee behavior and
motivation. Managers understand the motivations of employee actors, including expectations, needs, interests,
and group dynamics. They are starting to see employee satisfaction and working conditions as a way to increase
productivity. They give factors to create motivation for employees such as achievement, recognition, work itself,
responsibility, and growth opportunities. Besides, managers also provide some conditions to help employees
maintain motivation such as relationships, salary, status, and stable jobs. However, the behavioral theory is based
on voluntariness and interpersonal behavior is not the same. Therefore, in order to manage employees well,
managers must predict behavior, manage and give control to be proactive in running the business. At the same
time, it is necessary to influence and orient the employees' behavior to follow a certain trajectory to achieve the
common goals of the enterprise.
Any management perspective has its advantages and disadvantages and is only suitable for a certain time.
However, combining different management tools and theories at the same time can help businesses achieve
good results. The simultaneous use of classical management theory and behavior can also be a good alternative