Luyện chuyên sâu ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh 11 Có đáp án chi tiết cực hay

LUYỆN
CHUYÊN SÂU
NGỮ PHÁP
TIẾNG ANH 11
CÓ ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾT


UNIT 1: THE GENERATION GAP
(KHOẢNG CÁCH THẾ GIỚI)
A. VOCABULARY
New words
afford
/əˈfɔːd/ (v)

Meaning
có khả năng chi trả,
có điều kiện

Picture

Example
I cannot afford to buy a
house.
Tơi khơng có điều kiện để
mua nhà.

bless

cầu nguyện

Chúng tơi đã chúc phúc cho

cuộc hôn nhân của họ.

/bles/ (v)

childcare
/ˈtʃaɪldkeə(r)/ (n)

We blessed their marriage.

việc chăm sóc con
cái

We are worried about
childcare because we don't
get our parents' help.
Chúng tôi khá lo lắng về việc
chăm sóc con cái vì chúng tơi
khơng được cha mẹ hỗ trợ.

compassion
/kəmˈpỉʃn/ (n)

lịng thương, lịng
trắc ẩn

I hope that he will show a
little compassion.
Tôi hy vọng anh ta sẽ thể hiện
một chút tình thương.

conflict

xung đột

/ˈkɒnflɪkt/ (n)

There are sometimes some
conflicts between parents
and their children.
Đôi lúc giữa cha mẹ và con
cái sẽ nảy sinh xung đột.

conservative

bảo thủ

/kənˈsɜːvətɪv/
(adj)

My grandparents tend to be
more conservative and a bit
suspicious of anything new.
Ơng bà của tơi thường khá
bảo thủ và nghi ngờ những
cái mới.

curfew
/ˈkɜːfjuː/ (n)

elegant

hạn thời gian về
nhà, lệnh giới
nghiêm

I'll be in trouble if I get
home after curfew.

thanh lịch, tao nhã

Look! She is wearing a very
elegant dress.

/ˈelɪɡənt/ (adj)

Tôi sẽ gặp rắc rối nếu về nhà
sau giờ giới nghiêm.

Trơng kìa! Cơ ấy mặc một
chiếc váy thật thanh lịch.

flashy

diện, hào nhoáng

My parents don't like me
wearing flashy clothes.

/ˈflỉʃi/ (adj)

Bố mẹ khơng thích tơi ăn mặc
q hào nhống.
frustrating
/frʌˈstreɪtɪŋ/ (adj)

gây khó chịu, bực
mình

It is frustrating because my
daughter doesn't listen to
what I say.
Thật bực mình khi con gái
không chịu nghe lời tôi.


generation gap

khoảng cách thế hệ

ə

/dʒen.əˈreɪʃ n.ɡæp/
(n, p)

I think there is a generation
gap between me and my
parents.
Tơi nghĩ là có khoảng cách
thế hệ giữa tôi và cha mẹ.

impose /ɪmˈpəʊz/ áp đặt lên ai đó
(v)

Many parents often impose
their choices of career on
their
children
without
thinking
about
their
children's preferences.
Nhiều bố mẹ thường áp đặt
lựa chọn nghề nghiệp thay
con cái mà khơng hề suy nghĩ
đến nguyện vọng của con
mình.

(+ on somebody)

mature
/məˈtʃʊə(r)/

trưởng thành, chín
chắn

multi-generational

đa thế hệ, nhiều thế

hệ

/ˌmʌltiˌdʒenəˈreɪʃənl/
(adj)

norm
/nɔːm/ (n)

Living far from home can
help us become mature and
independent.
Sống xa nhà có thể giúp
chúng ta trở nên chín chắn và
tự lập.
The number of multigenerational
households
living under the same roof
has increase in the USA
over the past few years.
Số lượng các hộ gia đình đa
thế hệ chung sống cùng nhau
đang có xu hướng gia tăng ở
Hoa Kỳ trong vài năm qua.

sự chuẩn mực

Some people think some
types of clothes that their
children want to wear can
break norms of society.

Một số người cho rằng kiểu
trang phục mà con cái họ
muốn mặc có thể phá vỡ các
quy tắc chuẩn mực xã hội.


objection
/əbˈdʒekʃn/ (n)

sự phản đối, phản
kháng

My father has an objection
to me going out after ten
o'clock.
Cha phản đối việc tôi đi chơi
sau 10 giờ đêm.

open –minded

thoáng, cởi mở

/ˌəʊ.pənˈmaɪn.dɪd/
(adj)

Because my mother is quite
young, she is more openminded.
Bởi vì mẹ tơi khá trẻ, bà ấy
có suy nghĩ thống hơn.

outweigh
/ˌaʊtˈweɪ/ (v)

vượt hơn hẳn, nhiều
hơn

The advantages of living
abroad
outweigh
the
disadvantages.
Lợi ích của việc sống ở nước
ngồi nhiều hơn những bất
lợi mà nó gây ra.

pierce
/pɪəs/ (v)

xâu khuyên (tai,
mũi,...)

He has his ears pierced.
Anh ấy bấm lỗ tai.

prayer
/preə(r)/ (n)

lời cầu nguyện, lời
thỉnh cầu

She always says her prayers
before she goes to bed.
Cô ấy luôn luôn cầu nguyện
trước khi đi ngủ.


pressure

áp lực, sự thúc bách

/ˈpreʃə(r)/ (n)

Parents shouldn't put too
much pressure on their
children.
Cha mẹ không nên tạo quá
nhiều áp lực cho con cái.

privacy

sự riêng tư

/ˈprɪvəsi/
/ˈpraɪ.və.si/ (n)

Living in an extended
family with more than two
generations
can
be

uncomfortable because of
the lack of space and
privacy.
Sống trong một đại gia đình
nhiều hơn hai thế hệ có thể
gây phiền tối bởi sự thiếu
khơng gian và tính riêng tư.

relaxation
/ˌriːlỉkˈseɪʃn/ (n)

sự nghỉ ngơi, giải
trí

Listening to music is a form
of relaxation for my
daughter.
Nghe nhạc là cách mà con
gái tôi thư giãn.

respect

tôn trọng

/rɪˈspekt/ (n, v)

Children should respect the
elderly.
Trẻ con nên tôn trọng người
lớn tuổi.

skinny (of clothes) bó sát, ơm sát
/ˈskɪni/ (adj)

These trousers
skinny.

are

Cái quần này bó sát quá.

too


spit

khạc nhổ

Đừng khạc nhổ xuống sàn!

/spɪt/ (v)

stuff

Don't spit on the floor!

thứ, món, đồ

/stʌf/ (n)

They want me to wear more
casual stuff like jeans and
T-shirts.
Họ muốn tơi mặc đồ bình dân
hơn như quần bị và áo
phơng.

swear

thề, chửi thề

/sweə(r)/ (v)

My parents forbid me to
swear.
Cha mẹ cấm tôi chửi thề.

taste

thị hiếu

/teɪst/ (n)

The colour and style is a
matter of personal taste.
Mỗi người có một gu riêng về
màu sắc và phong cách ăn
mặc.

viewpoint

quan điểm

/ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/ (n)

We
have
different
viewpoints on the matter.
Chúng ta có quan điểm khác
nhau về vấn đề này.

B. GRAMMAR
MODALS
1. Should – Ought to – Had better
* Form: should/ ought to + V(bare -inf): nên làm gì
Hình thức phủ định của should là should not (shouldn't); của ought to là ought not to (oughtn't) to;
của had better là had better not.


Chúng ta dùng should, ought to để đưa ra ý kiến của chúng ta về việc gì đó hoặc đưa ra lời khuyên cho ai
đó (give our opinions about something or advice to somebody). Trong hầu hết các trường hợp thì
chúng ta có thể dùng ought to thay thế cho should.
E.g: You should/ ought to finish your homework before you go out.
Tuy nhiên có sự khác biệt nhỏ giữa should và ought to:
- "Should" thường được dùng khi chúng ta muốn biểu đạt quan điểm, ý kiến cá nhân
E.g: I think you should see him. (Tôi nghĩ bạn nên gặp anh ta.)
- "Ought to" thường được dùng khi nói đến điều luật, nhiệm vụ, quy định
E.g: They ought to follow the school's policy, or they will get expelled. (Họ nên tuân theo chính sách
của trường học, hoặc là họ sẽ bị đuổi ra khỏi trường.)

- "Should" thường được dùng trong các câu hỏi hơn "ought to", đặc biệt là trong loại câu hỏi WHquestions
E.g: What should I do if I have any problems? (Tơi nên làm gì nếu tơi gặp vấn đề?)
- Should/ Ought to +have + PP: lẽ ra đã nên làm gì
Diễn tả một điều gì đó lẽ ra đã nên hoặc phải xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng thực tế đã khơng xảy ra trong
q khứ vì lý do nào đó
E.g: I should have gone to the post office this morning. (Lẽ ra sáng nay tôi phải đi bưu điện.)

 tôi đã không đi
Diễn tả sự đáng tiếc, hối hận đã khơng làm việc gì đó (express regret that something was not done)
I failed the exam. I should have studied harder. (Tôi đã thi trượt. Đáng lẽ ra tơi nên chăm học hơn.)
- Chúng ta có thể dùng cụm was/were supposed to V để thay thế cho should have pp
E.g: She was supposed to go/ should have gone to the party last night.
* Form: Had better + V: nên, tốt hơn nên làm gì (Had better ='d better)
- Had better: cũng dùng khi cho lời khuyên, hay diễn đạt điều gì đó tốt nhất nên làm. Had better được
dùng để cho lời khuyên về sự vật sự việc, tình huống cụ thể, cịn lời khun chung chúng ta nên sử dụng
"ought to" hoặc "should"
E.g: It's cold today. You'd better wear a coat when you go out. (Hôm nay trời lạnh. Tốt hơn là bạn
nên mặc áo khoác khi đi ra ngồi  một tình huống đặc biệt)
- Had better đặc biệt được dùng để đưa ra lời khuyên mang tính cấp bách, cảnh báo và đe dọa
E.g: You had better be on time or you will be punished. (Bạn nên đúng giờ hoặc nếu không bạn sẽ bị
trừng phạt.)
2. Must- Have (Got) to
"Must" và "Have (got) to" đều có nghĩa là "phải": để chỉ sự bắt buộc hay cần thiết phải làm một việc gì
đó (express obligation or the need to do sth)
E.g: I must/ have to go out now.
Must và have (got) to có thể dùng để thay thế cho nhau nhưng đôi khi giữa chúng có sự khác nhau:
- Must: mang tính chất cá nhân, để diễn tả sự bắt buộc đến từ người nói, cảm giác của cá nhân mình (chủ
quan). Người nói thấy việc đó cần thiết phải làm
E.g: I really must give up smoking (Tôi thực sự phải bỏ thuốc.)
- Have (got) to: khơng mang tính chất cá nhân, để diễn tả sự bắt buộc đến từ các yếu tố ngoại cảnh bên

ngoài như luật lệ, quy định (sự bắt buộc mang tính khách quan- external obligation).
E.g: You can't turn right here. You have to turn left. (because of the traffic system)
Have got to ~ have to nhưng have got to thường được dùng trong ngơn ngữ nói (informal)


Have got to

Have to
I/you/we/they have to
I/you/we/they don't have to
Do I/you/we/they have to...?

I/you/we/they have got to
I/you/we/they haven't got to
Have I/you/we/they got to...?

Nếu have được tỉnh lược 've thì chúng ta phải có "got"
E.g: They've got to be changed. (khơng được dùng They've to be changed)
Trong thì quá khứ đơn, chúng ta thường dùng "had to" hơn là "had got to"
- Must có thể được dùng để nói về hiện tại và tương lai, nhưng không được dùng ở quá khứ. Thay vào đó,
ta phải dùng had to (have to dùng được ở tất cả các thì)
E.g: I must go to school now.
I must go to school tomorrow. /I will have to go to school tomorrow.
I had to go to school yesterday.
Nếu khơng chắc chắn nên dùng từ nào thì thơng thường để "an tồn" hơn ta nên dùng have
- Must cịn dùng để đưa ra sự suy luận dựa vào lập luận logic
E.g: She must be upstairs. We've looked everywhere else. (Cô ta chắc là ở trên tầng. Chúng tôi đã tìm
mọi nơi khác.)
- Must + be/ feel + adj: để bày tỏ sự thấu hiểu cảm giác của ai đó
E.g: You must be tired after that trip. (Bạn chắc hẳn rất mệt sau chuyến đi đó.)

Mustn't và Don't have to
Must not (mustn't) khác hoàn toàn với don't/ doesn't have to
+ Mustn't: khơng được làm gì đó (chỉ sự cấm đốn)
E.g: You mustn't tell the truth. (Bạn khơng được phép nói ra sự thật)
+ Don't have to = Don't need to: khơng cần làm gì, khơng phải làm gì (nhưng bạn có thể làm nếu bạn
muốn)
E.g: You don't have to get up early. (Bạn không cần thức dậy sớm đâu.)
- Must + have + PP: chắc hẳn đã, hẳn là
Diễn tả sự suy đoán hay kết luận logic dựa vào thực tế ở quá khứ (to draw a conclusion about
something happened in the past)
E.g: Mary passed the exam with flying colors. She must have studied hard. (Mary đã thi đậu với kết
quả cao. Cô ấy chắc hẳn đã học chăm chỉ.)

 Must + have been + Ving: chắc hẳn lúc ấy đang
E.g: I didn't hear the doorbell. I must have been gardening behind the house. (Tôi đã không nghe
thấy chuông cửa. Chắc hẳn lúc ấy tơi đang làm vườn phía sau nhà.)
■ BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN
Bài 1: Choose the best option in the bracket to complete the sentences.
1. Yesterday I (must/ mustn't/ had to) finish my English project.
2. He will (must/ have to/ has to) wait in line like everyone else.
3. We (must be/ mustn't / have to) on time for work.
4. We (have to not/ must/ mustn't) forget to take the chicken out of the freezer.
5. If you are under 15, you (have/ must/ mustn't) to get your parents' permission.
6. Your child may (have to/ had to/ must) try on a few different sizes.


7. The doctor (must/ mustn't/ have to) get here as soon as he can.
8. Do you (have to/ must/ mustn't) work next weekend?
9. Bicyclists (mustn't/ must/ has to) remember to signal when they turn.
10. Susan, you (mustn't/ must/ have to) leave your clothes all over the floor like this.

Bài 2: Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to complete the following sentences.
1. You__________use your mobile phone in the exam.
A. oughtn't to

B. mustn't

C. don't have to

D. shouldn't

2. My grandparents live in the suburb. Therefore, whenever we visit them, we__________a bus.
A. must take

B. should take

C. have to be taken

D. have to take

C. needn't

D. mightn't

3. We__________smoke on the bus.
A. mustn't

B. can't

4. There are a lot of tickets left, so you__________pay for the tickets in advance.
A. mustn't

B. won't

C. should

D. don't have to

5. You__________eat plenty of fruit or vegetables every day because they are good for your health.
A. oughtn't to

B. mustn't

C. don't have to

D. should

6. You__________wash the car. I had it done yesterday.
A. mustn't

B. needn't

C. must

D. may not

7. She is a good teacher; thus, I think you__________to ask her for some advice.
A. oughtn't

B. must

C. have

D. ought

8. It's a secret. You__________let anyone know about it.
A. mustn't

B. needn't

C. mightn't

D. may not

9. Vietnamese school students nowadays__________ wear uniform.
A. have to

B. need to

C. should

D. could

10. We__________open the lion's cage. It is contrary to zoo regulations.
A. must

B. mustn't

C. needn't

D. should

11. When swimming in the pool, children__________ be accompanied by their parents.
A. should

B. must

C. don't have to

D. have to

12. If you want to maintain a good relationship, you__________behave impolitely like that.
A. ought to not

B. ought not to

C. mustn't

D. don't have

13. This drink isn't beneficial for health. You__________drink it too much
A. should
B. ought to not
C. ought not to
D. mustn't
14. This warning sign says that you__________step on the grass.
A. shouldn't
B. mustn't
C. don't have to
D. ought not to
15. I think you__________do exercise regularly in order to keep in shape.

A. must
B. should
C. ought to
D. Both B and C are correct
16. My motorbike broke down yesterday, so I__________catch a taxi to school.
A. should
B. ought
C. must
D. has better
17. You look exhausted. You__________take a rest instead of working overtime.
A. should
B. ought
C. must
D. has better
18. Those audiences__________show their tickets before entering the concert hall.
A. have to
B. must
C. ought to
D. don't have to


19. The children__________spend too much time watching TV.
A. mustn't
B. ought to not
C. shouldn't
D. Both B and c are correct
20. If you have a bad headache, you__________see the doctor.
A. had better

B. must

C. ought

D. have better

Bài 3: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of
the following questions.
1. (A) I will leave here early (B) because (C) I must (D) studying for my exam.
2. I (A) stayed up (B) late last night because I (C) mustn't go to school (D) on Sunday.
3. We (A) ought to not play football (B) as (C) it's raining (D) outside.
4. You (A) mustn't (B) to drive a car (C) if you (D) don't have a driving licence.
5. If you (A) want some useful (B) advice, you (C) have better talk to your parents (D) about your
problem.
6. Yesterday I (A) must (B) stay (C) at home (D) due to the bad storm.
7. Because of his (A) poverty, he (B) has to (C) struggling to (D) make ends meet.
8. (A) According to the rules (B) of this game, you (C) don't have to (D) drop the ball.
9. This competition is (A) optional, so we (B) not (C) have to take part in (D) it.
10. My (A) advice is you (B) have to consider carefully (C) before (D) making the final decision.

Bài 4: Fill in the blanks with "must" or "have to".
1. Professor Quang told me today that I__________give in that assignment by Friday at the latest.
2. Mark! This is a one way street. You__________turn back and use Le Loi Street.
3. My back has been hurting for weeks. I __________go to the doctor's.
4. My company said that if I want this promotion, I__________go to the doctor's for a thorough medical
check-up first.
5. I went to see "Titanic" at the cinema last night. What a great film! You__________go and see it!
6. Linda, thanks for everything. It was a great party. I__________go now. My husband is waiting for me
outside.
7. I am taking out a bank loan this month. I__________pay a lot of taxes all together.
8. The local council is really strict about protecting that piece of lawn! You__________walk around it!

Bài 5: Fill in the blanks with affirmative or negative forms of "must or have to/ has to".
1. You really__________stop driving so fast or you'll have an accident!
2. I can give you my bike, so you__________buy a new one.
3. They__________be in a hurry, because they have got more than enough time.
4. I really__________remember to post that letter before five o'clock.
5. Tomorrow is Sunday. You__________get up very early.


6. This room is a mess. I really__________find time to clean it!
7. You__________wear a tie if you want to go to that restaurant. It's one of their rules!
8. I am broke. I__________borrow some money to buy a car.
9. You__________stop smoking. It is very harmful.
10. Mr. Dickson is travelling abroad this summer, so he__________get his passport soon.
11. All the students__________obey the school rules.
12. You__________speak too loud, the baby is sleeping.
13. Students__________look at their notes during the test.
14. I have a terrible headache, so I__________leave early.
15. Snow has blocked the roads. We__________stay here until it's cleared.

Bài 6: Rewrite each sentence using the word(s) in the brackets.
1. I am not allowed to go out in the evening, (mustn't)

 I ____________________.
2. It is a good idea for US to take an umbrella with US when we go out. (should)

 We ____________________.
3. It is necessary for young people to plan for their future, (have to)

 Young people ____________________.
4. Ms. Hoa is in charge of cleaning the floor every day. (has to)

 Ms. Hoa ____________________.
5. Tim doesn't get permission to use that computer, (mustn't)

 Tim ____________________.

Bài 7: Rewrite the following sentences using modals.
1. Smoking is not allowed in the hospital.

 You ____________________.
2. It isn't necessary for you to book the tickets.

 You ____________________.
3. You are not allowed to park here.

 You ____________________.
4. It is better for parents to take time to understand their children.

 Parents had ____________________.
5. If I were you, I would buy this house.

 You ____________________.


■ BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO
Bài 8: Choose the best option in the bracket to complete the sentences.
1. Look at my new mobile phone. It (must / can) play movies!
2. What's your new phone number? I (can't / mustn't) remember it.
3. Can you change my appointment? I'm busy so I (won't be able to / don't have to) come at eight o'clock
tomorrow.

4. Jane (can / must) be in the office now. I saw her go in 5 minutes ago.
5. My wallet's gone! Someone (can / must) have stolen it!
6. (You've got / You're allowed) to show your driving licence when you rent a car.
7. Take your time. We (can't / don't have to) be there until seven.
8. We're late. (We'd better/ We might) hurry up.
9. You (couldn't / aren't allowed) to drive without a licence in the UK.
10. Are you hungry? (I make/ I’ll make) something for you.

Bài 9: Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to complete the following sentences.
1. __________I have a look at those shoes, please?
A. Would

B. Should

C. Could

D. Must

2. We__________pay for the tickets because my mother won them.
A. didn't have to

B. couldn't

C. mustn't

D. hadn't to

3. You really__________make such a fuss about the old clothes you are wearing!
A. won't

B. can't

C. mightn't

D. shouldn't

C. can

D. could

4. I hope we__________find the cinema easily.
A. should

B. might

5. We couldn't find a hotel room so we__________sleep in the car.
A. might

B. should

C. had to

D. could

C. have to

D. can

6. We'd love to__________afford a trip to South America.
A. will have to

B. be able to

7. She could__________in the garage when we arrived. That might be why she didn't hear the bell.
A. work

B. be worked

C. have been working

D. be working

8. You'll__________tell the police that your house was broken into.
A. should

B. must

C. have to

D. had to

Bài 10: Choose the best option to complete the sentences.
1. When we were at school we (ought to/ had to/ must) wear a uniform.
2. You (don't have to/ mustn't/ ought not to) be an expert to use the basic functions of program.
3. You (should/ must/'ve got) to tell her that you are her mother.
4. You (were supposed to/ had got to/ must) go to the meeting. Why didn't you go?


5. I (mustn't/ don't have to/ shouldn't) wear glasses. I still can see perfectly well.
6. We went to bed right after dinner because we (had to/must/should) get up early the following day.

7. We (must/ can't/ should to) go for a drink one day.
8. You (hadn't to/ didn't have to/ shouldn't) take any money. I have enough for both of us.
9. What are you doing? You (don't have to/ aren't supposed to/ ought not) be here!
10. We (shouldn't/ weren't allowed to/ mustn't) talk to each other because it was an exam.

Bài 11: Fill in the blanks with "couldn't/ have to/ might/ must/ ought to /shouldn't".
1. It's very cold today. Do you think it__________snow later?
2. You__________leave your door unlocked when you go out.
3. They__________have filled the car with petrol before they set off.
4. You don't__________pick me up at the station. I can get a taxi.
5. This is impossible, it__________be a mistake!
6. Tom__________have seen me because he walked past without saying "Hello".

Bài 12: Fill in the blanks with "must/ might/ can't"
1. Your mother__________be a great cook. You are always so keen to get back home to eat!
2. I don't know why I am so tired these days. I__________be working too hard. Or maybe I am not sleeping too
well.
3. Do you know where Mike is? He__________be out - his car keys are on the table.
4. You seem to know everything about the theatre. You__________go every week.
5. To give the promotion to David was silly. He__________ know much about this company after only a year
working here.
6. Go and look in the kitchen for your gloves. They__________be in there.
7. Oh, the phone is ringing. Answer it. It__________be Lisa. She always rings at this time.
8. Bob has been drinking that whiskey since early this afternoon. He__________be totally drunk by now.
9. That couple__________think much of this film. They're leaving already - after only 20 minutes!
10. That's the second new car they have bought this year. They__________be very rich!

Bài 13: Fill in the blanks with "must/ can't/ could/ may/ might" There may be more than one correct answer
for each question.
1. I'm sure she is here - I can see her car in front of the building.

She__________be here. I can see her car in front of the building.
2. They're coming this week but I don't know which day.
They__________be coming tomorrow.
3. I'm not sure I'm going to pass the exam. I don't feel very confident.
I __________pass the exam. I don't feel very confident.


4. I've bought a lottery ticket. There's a chance I'll become a millionaire!
I__________become a millionaire!
5. I'm sure she doesn't speak French very well - she's only lived in Paris for a few weeks.
She__________speak French very well. She's only lived in Paris for a few weeks.
6. My key's not in my pocket or on my desk so I'm sure it's in the drawer.
My key's not in my pocket or on my desk so it__________be in the drawer.
7. Someone told me that Tim was in New York but I saw him yesterday so I'm sure he's not
abroad. Tim__________be abroad.
8. You got the job? That's great. I'm sure you're delighted.
You got the job? That's great. You__________be delighted.
9. They told me to prepare the project by tomorrow but it's almost impossible to have it done so fast.
I__________finish it by tomorrow if I stay at work all night, but I'm not sure.
10. I asked them to send the goods as soon as possible; we__________receive them by the end of the week if the
post is fast.

Bài 14: Choose one of the following to complete the sentences.
must have

might have

should have

can't have

1. Tom__________gone on holiday. I saw him in the company this morning.
2. Nobody answered the phone at the clinic. It__________closed early.
3. I__________revised more for my exams. I think I'll fail!
4. Alex looks really pleased with herself. She__________passed her driving test this morning.
5. I can't believe Mike hasn't arrived yet. He__________caught the wrong train.
6. His number was busy all night - he__________been on the phone continuously for hours.
7. It__________been Tim I saw at the party. He didn't recognise me at all.

Bài 15: Use "could (n't) have/ should(n't) have/ must(n't) have" to complete the sentence.
1. Your house looks very nice. You__________spent a lot of time painting it.
2. John went running in the rain. He__________gotten sick.
3. It was so dark that he fell down the stairs. He__________fixed the light.
4. Daisy__________gone by bus. Why did she walk?
5. I called him but nobody answered. He__________gone out.
6. You__________cleaned the floor. It looks so clean.
7. Nam__________stolen the car. He was with me all the time.
8. My bicycle is broken. I__________ridden it down the stairs.
9. Tom looks happy. I think he__________gotten a new job.


10. The chocolate cake is all gone! Someone__________eaten it.


UNIT 2: RELATIONSHIPS
(CÁC MỐI QUAN HỆ)
A. VOCABULARY
New words

Meaning

Picture

argument

tranh cãi, tranh

Example
I have just had an argument

/ˈɑːɡjumənt/ (n)

luận

with my son.
Tôi vừa tranh luận với con trai
tôi.

attractive

hấp dẫn, quyến

She is one of the most

/əˈtrỉktɪv/ (adj)

rũ

attractive girls in my class.
Cơ ấy là một trong những cô

gái hấp dẫn nhất lớp tôi.

be in a relationship

đang có quan hệ

Are you in a relationship

/rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/

tình cảm

with a boy?
Bạn đang có quan hệ tình cảm
với một bạn trai phải không?

betray
/bɪˈtreɪ/ (v)

phản bội

She trusted him, but he
betrayed her trust.
Cô ấy đã tin tưởng anh ta,
nhưng anh ta lại phản bội
niềm tin ấy của cô.


break up

chia tay, kết thúc

She has just broken up with

(with somebody)
(ph.v)

mối quan hệ

her boyfriend.

caring

quan tâm, săn

My classmates are kind and

/ˈkeərɪŋ/ (adj)

sóc

caring.

Cơ ấy vừa chia tay bạn trai.

Các bạn cùng lớp của tôi rất
tốt bụng và chu đáo.

counselor
/counsellor

người tư vấn

If you get trouble, ask for
the counselor's help.

/ˈkaʊn-sə-lər/ (n)

Nếu bạn gặp rắc rối, hãy nhờ
người tư vấn giúp đỡ.

date

cuộc hẹn hò

He has got a date with Lan
tomorrow.

/deɪt/ (n)

Anh ấy có một cuộc hẹn hò với
Lan vào ngày mai.

disappointed

thất vọng

/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/ (adj)

She was deeply disappointed

because her parents didn't
understand her feelings.
Cô ấy thất vọng tột cùng vì bố
mẹ khơng thấu hiểu cảm xúc
của cơ ấy.

drop out
/drɒp aʊt/ (ph.v)

bỏ học

You shouldn't drop out of
school.
Bạn không nên bỏ học.


initiative

thế chủ động

Take the initiative and
engage them in friendly

/ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ (n)

conversations.
Hãy chủ động và thu hút họ
vào những cuộc trò chuyện
thân thiện.
judge

đánh giá

/dʒʌdʒ/ (v)

You shouldn't judge other
people by their looks.
Bạn không nên đánh giá người
khác qua vẻ bề ngoài.

lend an ear

lắng nghe

(phrase)

My mother always lends an
ear to me if I have problems.
Mẹ ln ln lắng nghe tơi khi
tơi gặp khó khăn.

oppose
/əˈpəʊz/ (v)

chống đối, phản
đối

They oppose changing the
rule. Họ phản đối việc thay
đổi điều luật

psychologist

nhà tâm lý

She spent 10 years as an
educational psychologist.

/saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst/ (n)

Cô ấy đã làm một nhà tâm lý
học giáo dục trong 10 năm.

reconciled
/ˈrekənsaɪl/

làm lành, làm
hòa

They were reconciled with
each other.
Họ đã làm lành với nhau

(with somebody)
(adj)
romantic

tình cảm lãng

/rəʊˈmỉntɪk/ (adj)

mạn

Many parents are worried
about their children getting
involved in romantic
relationships.
Nhiều phụ huynh lo lắng về
việc con cái họ có các mối
quan hệ tình cảm.


strict

nghiêm khắc

Our teacher is strict with us

/strɪkt/ (adj)

sympatheric

Giáo viên của chúng tối rất
nghiêm khắc

cảm thông

My parents are sympathetic,
so I usually tell my problems
or secrets to them.

/ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/ (adj)

Bố mẹ thông cảm cho tơi, vì
thế tơi thường kể những vấn đề
và bí mật của tôi cho họ.
upset

buồn , thất vọng

I am upset because my
parents donˈt understand
me.

/ʌpˈset/ (adj)

Tơi buồn vì bố mẹ khơng hiểu
tôi.
B. GRAMMAR
I. LINKING VERBS
1. Định nghĩa
Động từ nối (Linking verbs) là các động từ dùng để diễn tả trạng thái / bản chất của chủ ngữ thay vì
miêu tả hành động của chủ ngữ.
2. Cấu trúc
Form: S + linking verbs + Complement (Adj/ N)
3. Ví dụ
E.g:
- Hung looks happy. ("look" là động từ nối; "happy" là tính từ làm bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ "Hung")
- The football match was exciting. ("was" là động từ nối; "good" là tính từ làm bổ ngữ)
- Lan becomes the president of this club. ("become" là động từ nối, "the president of this club" là

cụm danh từ làm bổ ngữ)
Những động từ nối thường gặp là:
be (thì, là, ở)

become (trở nên)

remain (vẫn)

stay (vẫn)

appear (dường như)

seem (dường như)

sound (nghe có vẻ)

taste (có vị)

feel (cảm thấy)

look (trơng có vẻ)

smell (có mùi)

get (trở nên)

prove (tỏ ra)

grow (trở nên)

turn (trở nên)

4. Lưu ý
- Phía sau động từ nối là tính từ chứ khơng phải trạng từ.
E.g: She feels unhappy.
- Động từ nối không được chia ở dạng tiếp diễn


- Một số động từ ở phía trên có thể làm chức năng là động từ nối (linking verbs) hoặc là động từ thường
(ordinary verbs).
E.g 1:
- She looks angry. (Cô ấy trơng có vẻ tức giận).  "look" là động từ nối
- She looks at the man angrily. (Cô ấy nhìn vào người đàn ơng một cách giận dữ.)  "look" là động
từ thường
E.g 2:
- The food tastes delicious. (Thức ăn ngon quá.)  "taste" là động từ nối
- They tasted the food. (Họ đã nếm thức ăn.)  "taste" là động từ thường
E.g 3:
- This house smells musty. (Ngôi nhà có mùi mốc.)  "smell" là động từ nối
- The woman is smelling the flowers gingerly. (Người phụ nữ đang ngửi hương thơm của hoa một cách
thận trọng.)  "smell" là động từ thường
■ BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN
Bài 1: Underline the linking verb in each sentence.
1. At the hospital, the sick woman's face turned blue.
2. These potatoes tasted awful.
3. The boy was injured during the soccer match.
4. My parents sounded unhappy after the news.
5. At the park, I feel happy.
Bài 2: Fill in the blanks with the suitable words below.
looks

sounds

tastes

become

feel

1. I __________ uncomfortable when living here.
2. The food__________delicious.
3. Lan__________very nice in that pink skirt.
4. - Lisa: How about going to the movies tonight?
- Mark: That__________great!
5. I want to__________

a talented football player like Messi.

Bài 3: Decide whether the underlined part in each of the following sentences is an "ordinary verb"
or a "linking verb".
1. Miss Lan is smelling the flowers that her students has just given to her.
2. My mother tasted this soup carefully.
3. Alex looks more beautiful when wearing this shirt.
4. Mary's grandmother used to look after her carefully when she was a child.
5. I want to become a good doctor after graduating from university.


6. The weather here is getting worse and worse.
7. If you want to stay healthy, you should take exercise regularly.
8. I decide to stay at a friend's house in Nha Trang for several days.

9. When my son grows older, he will understand what I do for him.
10. My father seems exhausted after a long working day on the farm.
Bài 4: Choose the best answer in the brackets complete the sentences.
1. What's wrong with you? You look (unhappy/unhappily) today.
2. He (sudden/ suddenly) appeared in the meeting.
3. I taste the soup very careful/carefully. Don't worry!
4. My wife appeared (calm/ calmly) after the news.
5. He is shouting at his son. He seemed very (angry/angrily).
6. I think the food smells (terrible/terribly). You should throw it away.
7. This plant grows (quickly/quick) if it absorbs enough water.
8. His resignation was very (surprising/ surprisingly).
9. The doctor checked my legs (carefully/careful) to see if there were any injuries.
10. She is looking at the picture (attentive/attentively).
Bài 5: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
1. Can you help me? I__________for my shoes now.
A. look

B. am looking

C. looked

2. The sky__________brighter after the storm.
A. is growing

B. grows

C. grow

3. At the moment, he__________calm.
A. remains

B. remained

C. is remaining

4. To determine who is the winner of the competition, the examiners__________candidates dishes now.
A. taste

B. tasted

C. are tasting

5. She__________upset after hearing the exam result.
A. seem

B. seems

C. is seeming

6. Listen! His story__________interesting.
A. sounds

B. is sounding

C. sound

7. She__________at a hotel when she visits Vietnam.
A. will stay

B. stays

C. stayed

8. He__________really unhappy when you mention his baldness.
A. gets

B. got

C. is getting

9. The situation__________unchanged in the past few years.
A. is remaining

B. remained

C. has remained

10. The boy__________sad today.
A. is

B. was

C. is being


II. CLEFT SENTENCES
Câu chẻ (Cleft sentences) được dùng để nhấn mạnh một thành phần của câu như chủ ngữ, tân ngữ hay
trạng từ
1. It cleft sentences (Câu chẻ với it)
* Form: It + be (is/ was) + emphasized word/ phrase (từ/ cụm từ được nhấn mạnh)+ relative clause

(that/who/which clause)
E.g: It was in 2008 that we first met each other. (Chính vào năm 2008 chúng tôi đã gặp nhau lần đầu
tiên.)
Note: Các đại từ who, which có thể được dùng để thay thế cho "that". When và where cũng có thể được
sử dụng (informal English), nhưng how và why thì khơng thể thay thế cho "that" trong câu chẻ.
E.g: It was last Saturday that/ when we played badminton.
It was in New York that/ where she met him.
a. Emphasis on subject (Nhấn mạnh vào chủ ngữ)
E.g: Tom took Mary to the party on Sunday.

 It was Tom that took Mary to the party on Sunday.
b. Emphasis on object (Nhấn mạnh vào tân ngữ)
E.g: Tom took Mary to the party on Sunday.

 It was Mary that Tom took to the party on Saturday.
c. Emphasis on adverbial (Nhắn mạnh vào trạng ngữ)
E.g: Tom took Mary to the party on Sunday.

 It was on Sunday that Tom took Mary to the party.
d. Emphasis on prepositional phrase (Nhấn mạnh vào cụm giới từ)
E.g: Tom took Mary to the party on Sunday.

 It was to the party that Tom took Mary on Sunday.
2. Wh_ cleft sentences
* Form: Wh_clause (What clause) + be + emphasized word/ phrase
E.g: They gave me some gifts.

 What they

was some gifts.

All he wanted to do as he was growing up was play tennis. (= the only thing he wanted to do): Điều
duy nhất anh ta đã muốn làm khi anh ta trưởng thành là chơi quần vợt.  Thỉnh thoảng chúng ta có thể
dùng "all" thay cho "what".
What ~ The thing(s) that
Sau mệnh đề what, động từ to be thường được chia ở dạng số ít (is/ was). Tuy nhiên, thỉnh thoảng hình
thức số nhiều (are/ were) có thể được sử dụng trước danh từ số nhiều.
E.g: What I hope to see is/ are children who are successful in their studies.
- Chúng ta có thể đặt mệnh đề what ở đầu hoặc cuối câu.
E.g: What makes me happy is his love. / His love is what makes me happy. (Điều mà làm tôi hạnh phúc
là tình yêu của anh ấy.)
Để nhấn mạnh vào một hành động (action), chúng ta dùng cấu trúc: What + S + hình thức của động từ
do + be + (to) + infinitive
E.g: What Tom did was (to) Mary to the party.


Other types of cleft sentences
Chúng ta có thể sử dụng wh_clause (why/ where/ who/ when), nhưng phía trước mệnh đề này phải có
một danh từ có nghĩa liên quan đến từ để hỏi đó
E.g:
The reason (why/that) I left here early was that I was feeling tired.
The place (where/that) you should read books is a reading room.
The day (when/ that) he left was the saddest day of her life.
■ BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN
Bài 6: Rewrite each sentence to emphasize the underlined phrase.
1. Mr David saw that I could also take part in the contest.

 It ___________________________________.
2. I didn't invite them.

 It ___________________________________.
3. I began to think about everything at that moment.

 It ___________________________________..
4. His attitude towards other people really annoys me.

 It ___________________________________.
5. I didn't decide to postpone the match.

 It ___________________________________.
6. The candidates didn't start the trouble.

 It ___________________________________.
7. The computer gives me a headache.

 It ___________________________________.
8. My uncle came on Monday.

 It ___________________________________.
Bài 7: Rewrite each sentence to emphasize the underlined phrase, starting with It was... Look
carefully at the underlined words in the last two questions.
1. She liked the smell of garlic the best.
2. She found studying Math most difficult at school.
3. H e first heard about it from Mary.
4. She got the job because she was the best qualified.
5. Mike first met Jenny when they were both studying in London.
6. I only realized who he was when he started speaking.
7. I didn't hear about it until yesterday.
Bài 8: Choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each
of the following questions.

1. (A) That (B) was Tim (C) who (D) went to hospital last week.
2. It was (A) in Nha Trang (B) that I first (C) meet (D) my wife.
3. It (A) is (B) in 2010 (C) that I (D) graduated from university.
4. It (A) was (B) on New Year's Eve (C) who my sister (D) broke up with her boyfriend.
5. It (A) was her husband (B) who (C) dropped out of his university and (D) setted up his business.
Bài 9: Complete each gap with one of the words in the box. Where necessary (but only where
necessary) add that.
day

person

place

reason

thing

way

1. The__________you really need to speak to is Mike, the guy standing by the fire.
2. One__________I've asked you here today is to talk about last week's sales.
3. The__________really got my goal was that he never even apologized.
4. The main__________ I want to talk to you is to discuss your future.
5. The__________it works is that you press this button here and hey presto!
6. The__________we got married was the happiest day of my life.
7. One__________I'll never forget is Ba Na Hills.
8. The__________you need to remember is that he's only a child.
9. The__________impressed me the most was Mary; she really knew her stuff.

10. One__________to get it through the door is to put it on its end.
11. The__________made the most lasting impression was the Temple of Literature.
12. The__________works best for me is to write down new words in context.
Bài 10: Rearrange the words to make a complete sentence.
1. missed/ what/ friends/ old/ I/ was/ all/ my/.

 ____________________________________.
2. my/ what/ was/l/ that/ passport/ happened/ lost/.

 ____________________________________.
3. the/ most/ that/ me/ surprised/ was/ thing/ price/ the/.

 ____________________________________.
4. it/ only/ relax/ I/ weekends/ is/ at/ that/ the/ can/.

 ____________________________________.
5. happened/ apologize / that/ all/ was/ had I to/ I.

 ____________________________________.
■ BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO
Bài 11: Choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
1. What's the matter with you? You look __________.
A. happily

B. sadly

C. unhappy

D. unhappily