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Nén ảnh video theo chuẩn MPEG

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ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA HÀ NỘI
VIỆN CÔNG NGHỆ THÔNG TIN VÀ TRUYỀN THÔNG
BÁO CÁO BÀI TẬP LỚN
XỬ LÝ DỮ LIỆU ĐA PHƯƠNG TIỆN
Đề tài 10: NÉN ẢNH VIDEO THEO CHUẨN MPEG


PGS.TS. Nguyễn Thị Hoàng Lan

1. Vũ Thái Sơn 20092285
2. Ngô Anh Đức - 20090792
3. Nguyễn Trường Thịnh - 20092595
4. Nguyễn Việt Hà - 20090897
5. Nguyễn Xuân Dũng - 20093791
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1. Vũ Thái Sơn I. Giới thiệu chuẩn nén MPEG
II. Một số qui định của chuẩn
MPEG
III. MPEG 1
2. Ngô Anh Đức IV.MPEG 2
3 Nguyễn Trường Thịnh V. MPEG 4
4. Nguyễn Việt Hà VI. Ảnh hưởng của phương pháp nén
tới chất lượng video
VII.Một số ứng dụng của MPEG
5. Nguyễn Xuân Dũng VIII. Thử nghiệm ứng dụng
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127=m8P$)E=38F2CN^_=2Ag2C27;\8=V
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;e8PQ3Q3FV^\2;V7v%=FFwV[;e8PQ3;LkNv=3
VFw$"•)E=38FG%E=38F;ey838S2V
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hi:7^2m=V127^zML3;\38^V$HE=38F2
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HE=38FQ\hi:7)E=38FV[%E=38FN<3=V[N<3h32Q
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&.( &3)`a .6  &  +03&.)#&; 
&((#&()`aW02&&,R=(„&.(#
^&(„&.(
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*v„&.(@^&(Z&0„&.()Cv„&.(e.^&(
ZE*„&.()CM„&.(@^&(Z&2&*2
K),&
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K.
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&.(!$
mI ZBaF=L3F
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) &((  #&()  )
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,R =(„&.(#^&(
„&.(`aW+Jy&9&0.+):K.60+*R=(„:!(
#^&(„:!(Y(„:!(K+):K.60+*)=(
& P.&.Y&(„:!(K)^&(& P.&.
)T&()^&()M„&(&)(&&)9-+4![/`aW
++):K.60+*,.„&(+0L&;.P.2)#&;
&2"&<^&(
Hình 9 Ba dạng dự đoán trong MPEG 2
+)=()=(„&.(!R)&):*&((=(*
:Z2+![/Z+):K.60+*`a]&

):)980*#()+))+)&)CK&74
&#()6)9P.2+)&&$.
+)^&()=(„&.(!R]&=(„&.(+4U(&
^&(„&.(+*B)+F&B#().60+*#&;+)]&
^&(0g2^&(#^&(W'=(& P.74p#()
.60+*)9P.2+)&&$.
Hình 10 Các khối trong field prediction trong frame – pictures
+)^&()^&(„&.(!R+)"^&(& P.&.+*
B#&]&^&(]&^&(+4)&*2+*BG5:)90
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+)()9&0.68FK*#().60+*
+)Uc)]&):)9R![/&#().60+**#()
)^&(#*#())^&(W
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#()9+4 #)‹#Œ&J'#Rnl•K6:*
,,&
m‘=38F3‘FL‘V=83
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.60+*+*P.&<+&029$.!x&2U.3
,,,?$!
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…((!/)2FF!3)U.B
.()&$.•+Ze#B6#&;P.!xB.#)&$.6
&$.
Hình 12 MPEG 2 – scanning
,1RS#T*U
N*6Og&9 )N*#&()+4
&&),&9 R:2j)+#&!x.+4
E4#&()+F.9.e.9&0.j)0
)€;5&;. &\.L+*j&2&)3+*9.@

N*+4![/.6$5&;.#&()P.9 .6$3
+*:&6+7&eQ![/@Z.6$Q6&Z9&%&K
U(*#&()<&;.!x+42&#$)![/9 :2!.+E
4#&()+4LF %B<&;."9 j)
`aW]4h@ZN*RTeo>T&„)„e)&!(o&)A!&
()]&@Z+Z6 .F.'Z/9.?&@
Z9.094,&#&.,)@Z&g&R
?6:&
,1?V
Teo>T&„)„e)&!(„o&)A]4&E4#&()+F.#&K
*5&;.#&()+F.#)Dj6*9z.BN*'`aW
.E&E4#&()9.)9 :2;!3
+44[‹Z-ŒO:&+4#&E4#"2&N
€;:&EG j);!3+44[#&:4
[3%+E4#&()L 

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