Lesson 1 Synonym.docx

I. Vocabulary
STT

Từ vựng

Từ

1

exaggerate

loại
V

2

prodigious

3

Phiên âm

Nghĩa

/ ɪɡˈzỉdʒəreɪt/

phóng đại, thổi phồng

a

/prəˈdɪdʒəs/

phi thường

extraordinary

a

/ɪkˈstrɔːdɪnəri/

bất thường

4

destitute

a

/ˈdestɪtʃuːt /

thiếu thốn, nghèo túng

5

oblivious

a

/əˈblɪvɪəs/

lãng qn, khơng nhớ tới

6

quick-witted

a

/.kwɪk ˈwɪtɪd/

nhanh trí

7

triumphant

a

/traɪˈʌmfənt/

vui mừng chiến thắng

8

victorious

a

/vɪkˈtɔːrɪəs/

thắng cuộc, chiến thắng

9

sorrowful

a

/ˈsɒrəʊfəl/

buồn rầu, buồn phiền

10

adventurous

a

/ədˈventʃərəs/

thích phiêu lưu, thích mạo hiểm

11

abusive

a

/əˈbjuːsɪv /

lăng mạ, chửi rủa

12

susceptible

a

/səˈseptəbəl/

nhạy cảm, dễ xúc cảm

13

receptive

a

/rɪˈseptɪv/

dễ tiếp thu

14

invincible

a

/ɪnˈvɪnsəbəl/

vô địch, không ai thắng nổi

15

vulnerable

a

/ˈvʌlnərəbəl/

dễ bị tổn thương

16

impervious

a

/ɪmˈpɜːvɪəs/

khơng tiếp thu được, trơ ra

17

affluent

a

/ˈỉfluənt/

dồi dào, giàu có

18

analogous

a

/əˈnỉləɡəs/

tương tự, giống nhau

19

prosperous

a

/ˈprɒspərəs/

thịnh vượng

20

stagnant

a

/ˈstỉɡnənt/

trì trệ

21

sluggish

a

/ˈslʌɡɪʃ/

rù rờ, lờ đờ

22

illusion

n

/ɪˈluːʒən/

ảo tưởng, ảo giác

23

libertarian

n

/.lɪbəˈteəriən/

người ủng hộ tự do

24

incessant

a

/ɪnˈsesnt/

khơng ngừng, khơng dứt

25

persistent

a

/pəˈsɪstənt /

kiên trì, bền bỉ

26

intermittent

a

/ˌɪntəˈmɪtənt/

gián đoạn, ngắt quãng

27

sporadic

a

/spəˈrædɪk/

lác đác, thưa thớt, lẻ tẻ

28

clatter

n

/ˈklætər /

tiếng lóc cóc, lách cách

29

peripheral

a

/pəˈrɪfərəl/

thuộc chu vi, thuộc ngoại biên

30

hinder

v

/ˈhɪndər /

cản trở

31

revitalize

v

/riːˈvaɪtəlaɪz /

đem lại sức sống, thổi bùng sức sống

32

concoct

v

/kənˈkɒkt/

pha chế

33

contrive

a

/kənˈtraɪv/

dự trù, dự tính

34

crafty

a

/ˈkrɑːfti /

xảo trá, lắm mánh khóe

35
36

rejuvenate
revivify

v
v

/riːˈdʒuːvəneɪt/
/riːˈvɪvɪfaɪ/

làm trẻ lại
phục hưng

37

magnify

v

/'mỉɡnɪfaɪ /

phóng to, phóng đại

38

correlation

n

/ˌkɒrəˈleɪʃən/

sự tương quan

39

well-being

n

/wel ˈbiːɪŋ/

tình trạng hạnh phúc, khỏe mạnh

40

trivial

ã

/ˈtrɪvɪəl /

ram mương, Knong quan ưọng


41

nugatory

a

/ˈnjuːɡətəri /

vô giá trị, vô hiệu lực

42

trifling

a

/ˈtraɪflɪŋ /

tầm thường, không quan trọng

43

upmarket

a

/ˌʌpˈmɑːkɪt /

thượng lưu

44

poverty-stricken

a

/ povətɪ,strɪckən /

Nghèo xơ xác

45

desolate

a

/ˈdesəlet/

hoang vắng, tiêu điều

46

unanimously

adv

/juːˈnỉnɪməsli/

nhất trí

47

sporadically

adv

/spəˈrỉdɪkəl̩ i /

một cách lác đác, lẻ tẻ

48

universally

adv

/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəli /

một cách phổ biến, thông dụng

49

consistently

adv

/ kənˈsɪstəntli /

một cách kiên định

50

deluxe

/ dɪˈlʌks /

xa hoa

a

II. Structures
STT

Cấu trúc - Cụm từ

Nghĩa

1

cut the mustard = succeed/ come up to
expectation

thành cơng/ tốt như kì vọng

2

be as good as expected

tốt như kì vọng

3

be as fast as possible

nhanh nhất như có thể

4

be as bald as a coot

đầu trọc lốc

5

be as fresh as a daisy

tươi như hoa

6

a far cry from = completely different

khác biệt hoàn toàn

7

absolutely similar to

hoàn toàn giống với

8

completely different from

hoàn toàn khác với

9

originally derived from

bắt nguồn từ cái gì

10

incomparable to

khơng thể so sánh được

11

hit the nail on the head = describe exactly
what is causing a situation or problem

diễn tả chính xác ngun nhân của tình huống hay
vấn đề

12

hit the sack = go to bed

đi ngủ

13

pin down = discover the exact details
about st

tìm ra thơng tin chính xác của cái gì

14

put some money aside = save money

tiết kiệm tiền

15

carry it off = succeed in winning the prize

thành công trong việc giành giải

16

carry the day = be successful

thành cơng

17

come what may = whatever happens

dù có chuyện gì xảy ra

18

miss the boat = lose an opportunity to buy
the tickets by being slow to act
put stories about = tell a lot of people st
that is not true

không mua được vé

20

get one's back up = annoy sb

làm phiền ai

21

chip in

góp vốn

22

cooking up cunning plans

tạo ra những kế hoạch xảo quyệt, láu cá

23

pay tribute = praise

tán dương

24

afford to do st

đủ sức làm gì

19

III. Practice exercise 1

dựng chuyện


Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 1: I didn't c ut the mustard as a hockey player.
A. be as good as expected
B. be as fast as possible
C. be as clever as a cook
D. be as fresh as a daisy
Question 2: All this luxury was a far cry from the poverty of his childhood.
A. absolutely similar to
B. completely different from
C. originally derived from
D. incomparable to
Question 3: I think Mick hit the nail on the head when he said that what's lacking in this company is a
feeling of confidence.
A. exaggerated the problem
B. took the issue easy
C. described the situation exactly
D. made a decision hastily
Question 4: From childhood, Marie was remarkable for her prodigious memory, and at the age of 16
won a gold medal on completion of her secondary education.
A. extraordinary
B. destitute
C. oblivious
D. quick-witted

Question 5: In 1921, accompanied by her two daughters, Marie Curie made a t riumphant journey to the
United States to raise funds for research on radium.
A. sorrowful
B. difficult
C. adventurous
D. victorious
Question 6: I've got a busy day tomorrow, so I think I'll hit the sack.
A. be successful
B. go to bed
C. prepare carefully
D. feel exhausted
Question 7: How can social scientists measure something as hard to pin down as happiness?
A. define
B. create
C. maintain
D. analyze
Question 8: Compared with the depressed, happy people are less self-focused, less hostile and abusive,
and less susceptible to disease.
A. receptive
B. invincible
C. vulnerable
D. impervious
Question 9: People have become happier over time as their cultures have become more affluent.
A. analogous
B. prosperous
C. privileged
D. different
Question 10: Those whose income has increased over a 10-year period are not happier than those whose
income is stagnant.
A. stable

B. constant
C. sluggish
D. energetic
Question 11: I will put some money aside for my son and his family, but the rest will go towards the
church, the community, and charity.
A. spend less money
B. take good care of
C. spend more money
D. save money for the future
Question 12: In 1986 Chadwick was one of the first women shortlisted for the Turner Prize, but failed to
c arry it off.
A. attend the ceremony
B. take it along
C. pursuit her ambition D. win a prize
Question 13: I don't have any illusions that my libertarian argument is going to carry the day.
A. succeed
B. fail
C. occur
D. stop
Question 14: The volume of traffic has increased in recent years and the incessant roar of trucks and
buses makes the city centre an extremely noisy place.
A. very loud and persistent noise
B. sporadic clatter
C. intermittent sound
D. constant silence
Question 15: They're going to make the change, come what may.
A. if there's no exception
B. no matter what happens
C. no matter how everything occurs
D. in case the result is not good

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to
the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.


Question 16: There were tickets available last week, but he missed the boat by waiting till today to try to
buy some.
A. got them free
B. lost an opportunity
C. was able to buy some
D. waited for sale
Question 17: I also used to put stories about, hinting that staff were being watched all the time, just to
keep them alert.
A. spread rumors
B. tell the truth
C. tell a secret
D. make stories known
Question 18: Of course, for the students, who graduated last week, all the technological details of why
and how were peripheral to having a chance to learn the violin.
A. marginal
B. negligible
C. unimportant
D. significant
Question 19: So when I got this letter asking us to contribute a few days ago, it really got my back up.
A. made me annoyed
B. got on my nerves
C. made me cheerful
D. ruffled my feelings
Question 20: We have thought of a few options like borrowing a barn on a farm and doing it all up and
looking at everyone else chipping in.
A. hindering

B. contributing
C. participating
D. helping
Question 21: The company has been cooking up cunning plans to revitalize the business for the past 10
years; yet all it has delivered is relentless decline.
A. concocting sly plans
B. creating guileless plans
C. contriving crafty plans
D. preparing careful plans
Question 22: Would you please put your hands together and join me in welcoming our debaters
tonight?
A. applaud
B. cheer
C. hoot
D. whistle
Question 23: The Government aims to rejuvenate market towns, and to focus improved health-care
access and standards on them.
A. reduce
B. revitalize
C. revivify
D. revive
Question 24:I was trying to pay my compliments but she misunderstood.
A. express formal greetings
B. give compliments
C. express informal salutations
D. return compliments
Question 25: When Jack retired, his boss made a speech paying tribute to all he had done for the
company.
A. praise
B. criticize

C. congratulate
D. magnify
Question 26: Indeed, in most nations the correlation between income and happiness is negligible - only
in the poorest countries, such as Bangladesh and India, is income a good measure of emotional wellbeing.
A. important
B. trivial
C. nugatory
D. trifling
Question 27: Dora Della Street has lots of u pmarket shops and rather pricey.
A. for poverty-stricken people
B. for people with expensive tastes
C. for prominent people
D. for well-known people
Question 28: Some of the inner-city areas are an urban wasteland and are somewhat dangerous for
visitors.
A. an empty and bad-condition city area
B. a crowded and high-quality city center
C. a desolate and good-condition area
D. a city area that has many criminals
Question 29: The match was so much enjoyed by all concerned that it was unanimously agreed to make
this the first of a regular series.
A. disapprovingly
B. totally
C. consistently
D. Universally
Question 30: As a student, I can't afford to stay in smart hotels. I always have to look for budget
accommodation.
A. very cheap place
B. free housing

C. deluxe place

D. economical roomd