Báo cáo khoa học nông nghiệp " Introduction of the principles of GAP for citrus through implementation of citrus IPM using Farmer Field Schools " MS7 docx

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Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development
_____________________________________________________________________


CARD Project Progress Report


037/06VIE

Introduction of the principles of GAP for citrus
through implementation of citrus IPM using Farmer
Field Schools



MS7
: 4
th
Six-monthly Report

(October 2008 to March 2009)

2
Key information about project
Project Name
Introduction of the principles of GAP
for citrus through implementation of
citrus IPM using Farmer Field Schools

Vietnamese Institution
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural
Development, Plant Protection Department
Vietnamese Project Team Leader
Mr Ngo Tien Dung
Australian Organisation
University of Western Sydney
Australian Personnel
Oleg Nicetic, Robert Spooner-Hart
Date commenced
March 2007
Completion date (original)
August 2010
Completion date (revised)

Reporting period
April 2008 to September 2008
Contact Officer(s)
In Australia: Team Leader
Name:
Oleg Nicetic (til 2/07/10)
Robert Spooner-Hart (from 3/07/20)
Telephone:
+61245701329
Position: Research Program Coordinator Fax: +61245701103
Organisation
University of Western Sydney
Email:

In Australia: Administrative contact
Name:
Gar Jones
Telephone:
+6124736 0631
Position:
Director, Research Services
Fax:
+6124736 0905
Organisation
University of Western Sydney
Email:


In Vietnam
Name:
Mr
Ngo Tien Dung
Telephone:
+84-4-5330778
Position:
National IPM coordinator
Fax:
+84-4-5330780
Organisation
Plant Protection Department
Email:

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1. Project Abstract


















2. Executive Summary
All activities undertaken in the second six months in the second year of the project resulted in
successful completion of all planned FFSs and 3 review workshops. Other outcomes
achieved in the reporting period include printing of the Field Guide for Citrus Pests and
Diseases, GLOBALG.A.P. certification of My Hoa Cooperative in Vinh Long province and
satisfactory progress of VietGAP implementation in Dong Thap province.

Within the reporting period a total of 57 FFS in 13 provinces were completed with 1710
farmers been successfully trained. Farmers increased their knowledge about the principles of
GAP including record keeping, IPM, understanding of citrus orchard ecosystem, influence of

pruning and tree density on yield and tree health, and understanding of the influence of
organic and mineral nutrients on soil health and citrus orchard productivity.

Review workshops were conducted at 3 locations in the North of Vietnam. At these
workshops curriculum for FFSs specific for each province was developed.

Team from VACVINA headed by Dr Vo Mai has been working with group of 11 farmers
from Long Hau village, Lai Vung district, Dong Thap province for nearly 18 months. The
implementation of Viet GAP with high level of support from local government has been
progressing very well. Funds for the certification of the group were transferred to VACVINA
and precertification auditing was performed.
My Hoa cooperative in Vinh Long province was awarded GLOBALG.A.P. certification. Our
project provided training of farmers and Metro provided funds for certification.

The Field Guide for Citrus Pests and Diseases and brochure Guidelines for management of
major pests and diseases in citrus were printed and distributed to farmers, extension officers
and researchers.
The key objective of this project is to align the Vietnamese citrus industry with world standard
production practices and open opportunities for export markets. Adoption of sustainable integrated
pest management (IPM) aligned to principles of good agricultural practice (GAP) leads to both
economic and environmental benefits, and will enable Vietnamese citrus growers to be at the
forefront of production in the Asia-Pacific region. Production of export quarantine-compliant
citrus fruit with pesticide levels below international minimum residue levels (MRLs) as the result
of this project will open new market opportunities in the competitive export markets and will
enhance food safety for domestic consumption. The project is based on an interactive learning and
action research paradigm, and uses the farmer field school (FFS) model. Leading research
institutions from Southern and Northern Vietnam, together with extension officers from PPD and
farmer organisations including VACVINA and Farmers Union are working together to produce a
GAP procedures tailored to suit Vietnamese conditions. They are also work closely with the
farmers on validation of the GAP manual and providing training of trainers and farmers in IPM

and GAP through FFS. Project activities are conducted in 5 provinces in the Mekong delta and 8
provinces of Central and Northern Vietnam. The IPM component is based on practices developed
in project 036/04 VIE which have been adjusted in consultation with key personnel from Northern
Vietnam, to account for local conditions.

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The management of the project performed very effectively resulting in on time
implementation of all activities.
3. Introduction & Background
Citrus fruit is one of the major fruit crops in Vietnam (MARD 2004) and citrus production is
an important source of income for many Vietnamese farmers. However, productivity and
production of citrus in Vietnam is considerably lower than in Australia and major citrus
producing countries of the world such as Brazil and the USA. It has been stated by MARD
that “in general, citrus cultivation has not been significantly developed over the past few
years, largely because of the serious damage of pests and diseases, especially greening
disease (officially known as huanglongbing) and therefore studies on their control methods,
in combination with managing citrus plantations and using advanced and intensive
technology is a vital necessity” (MARD 2004).

The objectives of this project are to develop GAP production procedures for the Vietnamese
citrus industry that will be published as a handbook and to introduce GAP practices using the
FFS model. Through the FFS training program a national cadre of citrus IPM/GAP master
trainers and provincial level FFS facilitator teams will be established. The key methodologies
adopted are participatory based learning and action based research. The objective of both
techniques is to fully engage participants and allow them to direct the learning and research
to best meet their needs. A key component of this project is Training of Trainers and Master
Trainers in citrus GAP including IPM. Trainers will conduct FFSs in their provinces and
together with the trained farmers will become leaders in citrus production aligned to GAP.
Multiple outputs from FFS training have been demonstrated in previous CARD projects in
citrus. These include: farmer empowerment through increased knowledge of the agro-

ecosystem; the conservation of biodiversity and protection of the environment through
reduced pesticide application as a result of improved knowledge of pests and diseases and
more effective control measures; increased food security through enhanced production; and
protection of the health of farming communities and consumers of fruit through reduced
pesticide use in fruit production. In addition to these outputs it is expected that this project
will establish a locally relevant GAP framework and begin the process of implementation of
these practices in citrus production. Implementation of GAP will open new market
opportunities in both the domestic and export markets.
4. Progress to Date
4.1 Implementation Highlights
The activities undertaken in the second six months in the second year of the project have
resulted in all objectives being achieved and delivering outputs on time. The activities
undertaken in this period are detailed below.

4.1.1. Completion of FFFs

Successful implementation of the program for 2007 and beginning of 2008 has resulted in 98
trainers being effectively trained in citrus IPM and GAP. These trainers conducting FFS at 57
locations in 5 provinces in the Mekong Delta and 8 provinces in the northern part of Viet
Nam (Table 1).

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Table 1: Location of FFSs number of participants and gender ratio in 2008
Province Number of FFS Number of
farmers trained
(
CARD FFS only)
Proportion of
female

participants
(%)
MEKONG DELTA
Tien Giang 7 210 14
Dong Thap 2 60 3
Vinh Long 6 180 3
Can Tho 6 180 12
Ben Tre 4 120 16
Sub-Total 25 750 9.6
NORTHERN VIETNAM
Ha Tinh 4 120 36
Nghe An 4 120 35
Hoa Binh 4+1* 120 28
Ha Tay 4 120 25
Phu Tho 4 120 39
Yen Bai 4 120 29
Tuyen Quang 4 120 21
Ha Giang 4 120 17
Sub-Total 32+1* 960 28.75
TOTAL 57+1 1710 19.17
* Funded by local government

A total of 1710 farmers have been trained in 2008 of which 19.17% were female (Table 1).
Participation of women was significantly higher in the Northern Vietnam where female
participation was 29% with Phu Tho province recording 39% female participation. In
Mekong delta female participation was only 9.6% with Ben Tre recording highest female
participation of 16%. Curriculum framework was similar to the curriculum in 2007 and it
contained a total of 21 sessions that were held during the growing season covering topics
presented in Annex 1 of Progress report 3. Management team consisting of Dr Duc from PPD
Hanoi, Mr Loc from Regional Centre 4 in Vinh and Oleg Nicetic from UWS have visited all

FFS in June and November of 2008 and Dr Duc and Mr Loc made an additional visit in
September 2008. FFSs curriculum even though followed 2007 framework was much more
focused on addressing specific problems indentified in Rapid appraisal conducted in June
2008 (see Progress report 3).

4.1.2. Review workshops

Within the reporting period review workshops were conducted in Ha Thin on 21/11/08, in Ha
Tay on 25/11/08 and in Yen Bai on 27/11/08. A program and protocol for activities at the
review workshops are presented in Annex 1and Annex 2.
At the workshop it was decided to select 2 out of 4 FFSs conducted in 2008 and continue
with activities and training in 2009 (Phu Tho province continued with all 4 FFSs and
provided finance for 2 out of 4 FFSs). To meet farmers’ specific needs in this second season
of FFSs trainers in cooperation with researchers from PPRI and PPD’s research centres
developed curriculums for their own provinces (Annex 3). This represent significant step in
capacity building of PPD staff in provinces and we expect it will enhance training of farmers.

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Two season FFSs in the North as reported in previous progress reports are necessary to make
any significant improvement in farmers’ practices since knowledge of farmers who
participate in our program with exception of farmers in few FFSs in Hoa Binh and Yen Bai is
significantly behind the knowledge of farmers in Mekong delta and our initial curriculum
was mainly developed on Mekong delta experiences.

4.1.3. Implementation of GAP

As reported in previous progress reports team from VACVINA headed by Dr Vo Mai has
been working with group of 11 farmers from Long Hau village, Lai Vung district, Dong
Thap province. The implementation of Viet GAP with high level of support from local
government has been progressing very well. Funds for certification of the group were

transferred to VACVINA and precertification auditing was performed.
My Hoa cooperative in Vinh Long province was awarded GLOBALG.A.P. certification. Our
project provided training of farmers and Metro provided funds for certification.

4.1.4. Pest and Diseases Field Guide for North of Viet Nam

Pest and Diseases Field Guide for North of Viet Nam was printed and distributed to PPD
staff, extension officers in provincial DARD and to farmers. Feedback received from
extension officers and PPD staff is very positive and they find book very useful and practical
reference material. However for farmers book is still too technical with too many information
so it is not easy to use specially not as practical field guide. To overcome that problem
simple, very practical 2 pages Guide for management of major pest and diseases was printed
on waterproof paper and distributed to farmers. Acceptance of this simple brochure by farmer
was very good. Sample of the brochure is shown in Annex 4.

4.1.5. On farm record keeping system

On farm record keeping system continue to be widely use even after FFS completion.
4.2 Capacity Building
The institutional capacity of the PPD to facilitate farmer participatory training is high and
this project is further enhancing that capacity by addressing capability gaps in relation to
specific knowledge about GAP. In the second year of the project trainers working with
farmers on implementation of elements of GAP related to IPM, farmers and environmental
safety, and record keeping. At the review workshop it became clear that trainers
understanding of GAP improved but there is still lot of conceptual confusion in
differentiation between IPM and GAP. At refresher TOTs the concept of GAP and potential
impacts of GAP implementation were studied and discussed. At the end of the TOT the GAP
implementation strategies were drafted.
Forming linkages between all stakeholders involved in the project is a critical component of
capacity building and all efforts are being made to build linkages between institutions in

Northern and Southern Vietnam. This project has successfully facilitated sharing of expertise
and knowledge related to GAP between stakeholders from Mekong delta, who have higher
levels of GAP knowledge and experience, and stakeholders from the Northern provinces with
less exposure to GAP. The very important linkage has been established between PPD staff
and non-government organisation VACVINA that now driving implementation of GAP.


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Development of specific curriculum for each of 8 provinces in the North is significant proof
of increased capacity of PPD staff.

4.3 Training Programs
Training is a major component of this project and during 2007 it has been conducted at two
levels. At the trainers’ level 10 master trainers completed a 4 day workshop in Hanoi and a
total of 98 extension officers, mainly from PPD but some from ARD and NGOs, received
training in citrus IPM and GAP. These trainers then facilitated a total of 24 FFSs in their
local regions funded by CARD and an additional 17 FFSs funded by provincial government.
In 2008 trainers facilitated further 57 FFSs.

At the farmers level training focussed on integrated crop management that included IPM,
plant nutrition and pruning. In regards to GAP training, the focus has been on record keeping.
At workshops in November 2007 and refresher TOTs in February-March 2008 it was
concluded that in Northern Vietnam the focus should remain on Integrated Crop
Management (ICM) and record keeping while in Mekong delta other elements of GAP may
be included in FFS curriculum.
Refresher TOTs were used for discussion about GAP principles and the ways GAP can be
implemented in Vietnam. Discussion focused particularly on the role of cooperatives in
implementation of GAP. Another important part of refresher TOTs was the identification of
pests and diseases in the orchard and practical exercises to calibrate knapsack and calculate
dose of pesticide applied. Participants also assessed spray coverage of citrus canopy. At the

end of refresher TOTs practical exercises for FFS orchards were designed and they have been
implemented over last 12 months.

Trainers developed curriculum specific for each province which will be implemented in
2009.
4.4 Publicity
A finding of the pre-intervention survey was that the best way to disseminate information to
farmers through the media is by television, as more than 90% of all farmers have a television
set in their own home. Every province in Vietnam has a local television station and as 70% of
the population live in rural areas, the level of content relating to agricultural matters is high.
In Mekong delta television reporters have been invited to all major project events such as
meetings and the opening and closing of FFS. Vietnamese project team regulary participate
in program “Farmer’s bridge” on several local TV stations in Mekong delta. Unfortunatly
there is no similar media coverage in the North.
Oleg Nicetic presented paper “Learning by doing: Designing and conducting impact
assessment studies for citrus Farmer Field Schools in Vietnam” at AgSAP conference in
Egmond an Zee in the Netherlands. Paper was well received and it resulted in fruitful
discussion.

4.4 Project Management
After adjustments made to management structure within the first year of the project and
reported in 2
nd
Six-monthly report project management worked efficiently in current
reporting period.

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.
5. Report on Cross-Cutting Issues
5.1 Environment

The focus of FFS is to increase the farmers understanding of the ecosystem and the impact of
human influences on it. This approach has the potential to reduce the detrimental impacts of
human activities on the environment. The IPM strategies farmers learn and implementation
of GAP should result in improved ecosystem health. At this stage of the project it is too early
to detect any evidence of environmental improvement.
5.2 Gender and Social Issues
In the training of master trainers and trainers about 30% of the total number of trainers was
females. This proportion of males and females is reflective of the overall PPD trainer gender
balance. In the Mekong delta only 9% of trained farmers were woman and in Northern
Vietnam woman participation was 29%. This reflects the differences in traditional roles of
women between the regions.

All project activities are strongly supported by local government and farmer organisations
including the Farmers Union and The Women’s Union. Participants in FFS are encouraged to
actively engage with their local community and share knowledge acquired in FFS. From
previous CARD projects we have evidence that the FFS participants became the founders
and core members of farmer’s clubs and cooperatives and it can be anticipated that FFS
participants will become actively involved in dissemination of their newly acquired
information in this project as well.
6. Implementation Issues
6.1 Issues and Constraints

There were no major issues in this reporting period.
6.2 Options


7. Next Critical Steps

In the next 6 months 18 FFSs will be completed in 8 provinces in the North of Vietnam.
Implementation of VietGAP in Dong Thap province will be completed and certification

sought. .

8. Conclusion


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All project objectives were accomplished according to schedule (with exception of progress
report submission) and activities on all remaining objectives progressing well. Capacity of
trainers to critically assess training needs of farmers and develop curriculum to meet those
needs improved significantly over the course of the project. Implementation of province
specific curriculums has been progressing well over last 3 months of the reporting period.
GLOBALG.A.P. certification was granted to My Hoa cooperative and implementation of
Viet GAP in Dong Thap reached pre-certification auditing stage.
Book and brochure printed within reporting period were distributed to farmers and extension
officers.


9. Sign-Off
Prepared by Oleg Nicetic, Ngo Tien Dung
and Ho Van Chien


Authorised by:


Countersigned by: [Vietnamese Team
Leader]

Date: 16 November 2007

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Project Progress Against Proposed Objectives, Outputs, Activities And Inputs

Project Title: Introduction of the principles of GAP for citrus trough implementation of citrus IPM using Farm Field School
Vietnamese Implementing Institution: Plant Protection Department
PROPOSAL PROGRESS REPORT
Narrative Information Required Performance Measures Assumptions/Risks Information Required
OBJECTIVES
1










2

3





To develop GAP manual for citrus that
includes IPM guidelines that are compliant
with GAP standards








To establish a national cadre of citrus
IPM/GAP master trainers and province
level FFS facilitator teams.

Enhanced capacity of farmers to implement
citrus IPM compliant with GAP standards




GAP manual and IPM guidelines
compliant with GAP standards and
suitable for local conditions exist.








Training of master trainers at
national level conducted and
reported.
Training of trainers at regional
level conducted and reported.
Cadre of competent national
master trainers and provincial FFS
facilitators exist to champion GAP
principles and IPM aligned to GAP
in their region.

Citrus IPM/GAP FFS conducted.

Trained farmers knowledge on
citrus IPM and GAP increased.
Trained farmer implement IPM
aligned to GAP (commenced in

Low risk because of MARD
need to comply with APPPC
requirements. Study is also
aligned with
VACVINA/VinaFruit strategic
goals to develop export oriented
citrus industry hence proponents
will have high level of
institutional support.


Low risk because high self
motivation of master trainers,
high level of institutional
support and for reasons stated in
2.1.






Low risk. See 2.1 and high level
of community and institutional
support to achieve the objective.

All objectives remain highly
relevant and satisfactory progress
was made in the first six months of
teh second year towards their
achievement.

11







4

5



6










Develop procedures/formats for compliance
with EUREPGAP/ASIAGAP in areas other
then IPM but related to IPM including on-
farm recording system formats and
responsible/safe use, handling and storage
of pesticide and post-harvest handling.







Assess effectiveness of FFS for
implementation of IPM and GAP

Implementation of GAP in one of the
cooperatives in Mekong delta.
FFS participant orchards).
Reduced pesticide use.
Increased food safety and
protection of health of farming
communities and consumer of
fruits.

Increased capacity of citrus
industry to implement GAP and be
prepared for new market
conditions after Vietnam enter
WTO.
Increased capacity of GOs and
NGOs to assist small holders
transition to unprotected market
environment.
Increased capacity of VinaFruit to
facilities export of Vietnamese
citrus.

Comprehensive analysis reported.



GAP implemented.

See 4.1 and high level of
community and institutional
support to achieve the objective.










Low risk since methodology is
already developed in CARD
project 36/04 VIE.

Medium because some elements
of GAP like use of certified
planting material cannot be
implemented in existing
orchards.
OUTPUTS
1.1

.
Baseline data are reported and published.
Baseline to include:
1) Information on knowledge, skills
attitudes and practices of PDD,
SRPCC, NIPP, CU, SOFRI,
VACVINA, VinaFruit and SPC on

Report on baseline study submitted
to GOs and NGOs. Press release
written.




Report peer reviewed by CARD
PMU. Feedback on report
requested from all stakeholders.
Results published in media.



Baseline study methodology was
developed and data collection was
performed in all 13 provinces. Data

were analysed and reported. Report
was accepted by PMU.


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1.2





2.1

GAP and the integration of IPM into
GAP.
2) Knowledge and skills on GAP/IPM of
15 Master Trainers, 90 Trainers and a
representative sample of 2880
participating farmers
3) Current GAP/IPM practices of
representative sample of participating
farmers including production levels and
financial analysis of costs and returns
4) Analysis of key markets for GAP/IPM
compliant citrus and expected market
demand and premiums
5) Identification of opportunities for
project interventions to provide
economic, social and environmental
benefits to smallholders.

IPM guidelines aligned to GAP developed

and documented.




10 master trainers (5 from Mekong delta
and 5 from North) competent in citrus IPM
aligned to GAP and GAP principles.

IPM strategies developed and
published in brochure and MARD
and VACVINA websites



Master trainers successfully
conduct training of trainers and
monitor trainers involved in
conducting FFSs.

Brochure and content of
webpage peer reviewed by
CARD PMU



Competency will be assessed by
critical self-evaluation and by
key project research and
extension personnel.

IPM guidelines developed verified
by FFS participants and included
in book.



Training was successfully
completed.

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2.2



3.1





3.2

4.1






4.2






90 trainers (30 in Mekong delta and 60 in
North of Vietnam) competent in citrus IPM
aligned to GAP.

2880 farmers with improved capacity to
implement IPM aligned to GAP.




Publication of (1) GAP Handbook
incorporating IPM aligned handbook and
(2) Updated Pests and Diseases Field guide
for application in different agro-ecological

zones of Viet Nam







Procedures for compliance with
EUREPGAP/ASIAGAP including
responsible/safe use, handling and storage
of pesticide and post-harvest handling of
fruits developed and published.


On farm record keeping system developed
and verified.





Trainers successfully facilitate at
least one FFS within the course of
project.

Farmers successfully graduate
from FFS. Implementation of IPM
program aligned to GAP
commenced during the course of

FFS.

Books published and used as a
resource by farmers and GOs and
NGOs.









Procedures published in the form
of manual. Concise version
published in industry press and on
VianFruit Website.



System developed and
implemented by FFS participants.





Competency will be assessed by
critical self-evaluation and by

master trainers.

Competency will be assessed by
critical self-evaluation and by
trainers. Implementation of IPM
program aligned to GAP verified
through farmer record keeping.

Feedback from stakeholders.











Published manual and webpage
peer reviewed by CARD PMU





Survey to evaluate the system.

First year of training successfully
completed by all 90 trainers.
Trainers completed first year of
FFS and commenced the second
year.

All (57) FFS planed for 2008
completed on time. All FFS
enrolled 30 participants what
means that 1710 farmers was
trained.
Dr Nguyen Van Hoa and his team
from SOFRI completed GAP
manual.








Included in GAP manual. Manual
may be posted at webside if
decided by CARD PMU.

On farm recording formates were
developed and they have been used
by FFS participants.


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5.1






6.1
Surveys and semi-structured interviews
conducted.
Economic benefits and the changes in
practices on farms that were included in
FFS in CARD project 036/04 VIE
documented and analysed.

GAP certified pilot cooperative established.
Surveys conducted and analysed.
Findings that comprise 4 years of
assessments of FFS effectiveness
published.

GAP implemented in one of the
cooperatives in Mekong delta.
Acceptance for publication by
high impact journal.





Certification granted or pending.







Farmers group in Dong Thap
province is in process of VietGAP
implementation. Farmer group in
Vinh Long completed GLOBAL
GAP implementation with
assisstence from METRO and Vac
Vina. Certification awarded in
September 2008

ACTIVITIES
1.1.1.




1.1.2.







1.1.3.



Hold stakeholder meeting to discuss
activities and roles of each of the
stakeholders in execution of activities in
relation to Objective 1.

Conduct semi-structured interviews with
farmers, extension officers and wholesalers
in each of 13 provinces in regard to GAP
principles and current practices. Also
conduct interviews with exporters and
researchers in the Northern and Southern

parts of Vietnam.

Conduct survey of current practices in
relation to all 14 principles of GAP.


Activities agreed tasks and
timeframes to complete tasks
accepted by all stakeholders.


Interviews conducted, results
recorded.






Survey analysed using SPPS.
Results reported.


Completed




Completed

Completed



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1.1.4




1.2.1





1.2.2.

1.2.3




2.1.1




2.1.2




2.1.3

Circulate results to MARD and
VACVINA/VinaFruit and other farmer and
exporter organisations. Write press releases.


Develop draft IPM programs based on
CARD project 036/04 VIE with the addition
of all GAP principles related to IPM.
(Strategies will differ in the north and south
of Vietnam)

Conduct training of trainers using draft IPM
programs (developed in 1.2.1). Programs

will be verified during the first year of FFSs
and refined at the review workshop at the
end of the first year of the project. Refined
programs will be verified during the second
year of the project.

Dissemination of IPM programs through
brochures distributed by GOs and NGOs.
Publish programs on MARD and
VACVINA websites.

Hold stakeholder meeting to discuss
activities and roles of each of the
stakeholders in execution of activities in
relation to Objective 2.

Selection of trainers trained in previous
CARD project or FAO programs.



Conduct the training of master trainers

Report on results of survey and
interviews written and peer
reviewed by CARD PMU.
Submitted to GOs and NGOs.
Press release written.

IPM strategies agreed by all

stakeholders



IPM strategies verified by farmers,
extension officers and scientists.
Written feedback will be required
from trainers. Report on IPM
strategies peer reviewed by CARD
PMU.


Brochure printed; webpage on
citrus IPM incorporated in MARD
and VACVINA websites.


Activities agreed tasks and
timeframes to complete tasks
accepted by all stakeholders.


Trainers selected. Selection criteria
based on competency shown in
previous CARD/FAO projects,
GO/NGO ratio and sex ratio.

Successful completion.
Competency assessed by critical
Completd

Completed




First year completed. Verification
in second year completed.







Completd



Completed




Completed

Completed




16



2.2.1





2.2.2




3.1.1.







3.1.2

3.2.1


4.1.1




4.1.2




Selection of participants in TOT from
members of GO, NGOs and farmers trained
in previous CARD project.



Conduct the training of trainers




Identification of districts and villages within
each of 13 participating provinces to be
targeted for the program. Selection of

farmers from all socio-economic groups.




FFS undertaken



Writing of handbook and field guide
undertaken.

Hold stakeholder meeting to discuss
activities and roles of each of the
stakeholders in execution of activities in
relation to Objective 4.

Development of preliminary procedures for
compliance with EUREPGAP/ASIAGAP
self-evaluation and by key project
research and extension personnel.

Participants selected. Selection
criteria based on, GO/NGO ratio,
sex ratio and for farmers
competency shown in previous
CARD/FAO projects

Successful completion.
Competency assessed by critical

self-evaluation and by master
trainer and key project research
and extension personnel.
Districts and villages identified.
Farmer meeting held in each
targeted district and village.
Participants of FFS come from
different socio-economic groups.
Women, ethnic minorities and
members of NGOs represented.

Farmers successfully graduated
from FFS. Competency assessed
by trainers. KAP analysis
conducted.
Books published and peer
reviewed by CARD PMU.

Activities agreed, tasks and
timeframes to complete tasks
accepted by all stakeholders.


Preliminary procedures developed
and introduced to master trainers

Completed

The second year of TOT
completed.




Completed for the second year of
FFS





First and second year of FFS
completed \

Completed.



Completed



Completed.

17




4.1.3



4.1.4

4.2.1



4.2.2


4.2.3


5.1.1


5.2.1

including on-farm recording system formats
and responsible/safe use, handling and
storage of pesticide and post-harvest
handling of fruits.
Verification of preliminary procedures
developed in 4.1.2 through FFS


Writing of verified procedures from 4.1.3
undertaken.
Development of preliminary on farm record
keeping system procedures for compliance
with EUREPGAP/ASIAGAP.

Verification of preliminary procedures
developed in 4.2.1 through FFS

Verified on farm record keeping system
from 4.2.2 designed.

KAP survey and semi-structured interviews

conducted.

Objective measures of capacity
improvement in target beneficiaries
(Compared with baselines) including a)
information on knowledge, skills attitudes
and practices of PDD, SRPCC, NIPP, CU,
SOFRI, VACVINA, VinaFruit and SPC on
GAP and the integration of IMP into GAP
b) Knowledge and skills on GAP/IPM of 15
Master Trainers, 90 Trainers and a
representative sample of 2880 participating
farmers c) changed GAP/IPM practices of
representative sample of participating
farmers including production levels and
and trainers.



Procedure tested by farmers and
feedback analyse at review
workshops.

Procedure written in the form of
manual.
Preliminary on-farm record system
developed and introduced to
master trainers and trainers.

On-farm record keeping system

tested by farmers.

System adopted by farmers who
completed FFS.

Preliminary analysis reported


Evaluation reported.













Verification by FFS participants in
progress.


Completed.

The first stage completed.
Improved record keeping system

introduced to second year FFSs.



Verification by FFS participants
commenced

Completd


Evaluation completed



Monitoring of impact of 2007 FFS
commenced and continue in 2008












18

5.3.1

6.1.1



6.1.2


6.1.3


6.1.4

6.1.5.
analysis of financial environmental and
social benefits to growers through adoption
of GAP/IPM practices.

Write scientific paper on evaluation of FFS

Select a cooperative that will be pilot for
implementation of GAP in citrus


Establish relationship with the packaging
house that could be GAP certified

Develop GAP implementation plan.


Implementation of GAP plan.

Certification sought




Paper published.

Cooperative selected and
agreement signed


Relationship between packaging
house and cooperative established.

Plane developed and accepted by
cooperative.

GAP implemented

Certification granted or pending


Not scheduled in reporting period

Completed



Completed.


Completed


In progress.


In progress (Completed for Vinh
Long group)


19
Project Implementation Schedule


Activity Month of 2008 (Year 2) and 2009 (Year 2)
Previous
reporting
period
October November December January February March
1.1.1 OS
1.1.2 OS
1.1.3 OS
1.1.4 OS

1.2.1 OS

1.2.2 OS OS OS
1.2.3. NS NS
NS NS NS NS
2.1.1 OS
2.1.2 OS
2.1.3 OS
2.2.1 OS
2.2.2 OS OS
3.1.1 OS
3.1.2 OS OS OS OS OS OS OS
3.2.1 OS OS OS OS OS OS OS
4.1.1 OS
4.1.2 OS OS OS OS OS OS OS
4.1.3. OS OS OS OS OS OS OS
4.1.4 NS OS OS
OS OS OS OS
4.2.1 OS OS OS OS OS OS OS
4.2.2 OS OS OS OS OS OS OS
4.2.3 OS OS OS
OS OS OS OS
5.1.1 OS
5.2.1 OS OS OS OS OS OS OS
5.3.1 OS OS OS OS OS OS OS
6.1.1 OS
6.1.2 OS OS
OS
OS OS OS OS

6.1.3 OS OS
OS OS OS OS OS
6.1.4 OS OS OS OS OS OS OS
6.1.5 NS NS NS NS NS NS NS






OS = Implemented according to project logframe schedule


BS = Implemented behind project logframe schedule

NS= Implementation not scheduled in reporting period

{ } Recommended adjustments to implementation schedule





20
List of Annexes

Annex 1a: The Workshop program in Ha Thin 21/11/2008

Annex 1b: The Workshop program in Ha Tay 25/11/2008

Annex 1c: The Workshop program in Yen Bai 27/11/2008

Annex 2: Activities for review workshops in 2008.

Annex 3. Curriculum for individual provinces developesed by trainers at 2008 review
workshops.

Annex 4: Waterproof brochour “Guidlines for management of major pests and
diseases of citrus”.

Annex 5: Paper presented at Ag.SAP conference in the Netherlands




21
Annex 1a: The Workshop program in Ha Thin 21/11/2008


Time Content Person
08:00-08:30 Registration Secretary
08:30-08:40 Welcome address ??
08:40-09:00 Review of the second year of project Dr Duc
09:00-10:00 Diversity of Vietnamese citrus industry: How
to accommodate specific needs of farmers
from different provinces in the third year of
the project
Oleg Nicetic
Talk based on results of
baseline study

10:00-10:30 Coffee break and Group photo
10:30-11:30 Topic 1:
Evaluation of FFSs in 2008 using rich picture,
diagrams and mapping– achievements,
difficulties, skills farmers adopted and skills
that farmers need more training for to be able
to use.
Topic 2:
Mapping farmers experiments in 2008-how
useful were there as a learning tool. How they
should be conducted next year?
Facilitators:
Mr Loc and Dr Duc

Participants:
Trainers from Sub-PPD in Ha
Thin and Nghe An
11:30-12:00 Report of FFSs evaluation
12:00-13:00 Lunch
13:00-14:30 Development of curriculum for 2009
Detailed curriculum to be developed for 10
FFS’s sessions (do not include opening and
closing session)
Facilitators:
Mr Loc and Dr Duc

Participants:
Trainers from Sub-PPD in Ha
Thin and Nghe An
14:30-14:45 Coffee brake

14:45-15:30 Report on curriculum developed
15:30 Closing Dr Duc, Mr Loc, Oleg




22
Annex 1b: The Workshop program in Ha Tay on 25/11/2008


Time Content Personnel
07:30-08:00 Registration Secretary
08:00-08:10 Welcome address ??
08:10-08:30 Review of the second year of the project Dr Duc
08:30-9:30 Topic 1: Evaluation of FFSs in 2008
How much of anticipated learning outcomes
we achieved this year and what we have to do
next year?
9:30-10:00 Coffee break and Group photo
10:00-11:00 Topic 1: Evaluation of FFSs in 2008
Continue
11:00-12:00 Topic 2: Evaluation of farmers experiments in
2008-how useful were they as a learning tool.
How should they be conducted next year?
12:00-13:00 Lunch
13:00-14:30 Development of curriculum for 2009
Detailed curriculum to be developed for 10
FFS’s sessions (do not include opening and
closing session)
14:30-14:45 Coffee break

14:45-15:30 Report on curriculum developed





Facilitators:
Mr Dung, Dr Duc, Mr Loc and
Oleg

Participants:
Trainers from Sub-PPD in Ha
Tay and Hoa Binh

15:30 Closing Dr Duc, Oleg








23
Annex 1c: The Workshop program in Yen Bai on 27/11/2008


Time Content Personnel
07:30-08:00 Registration Secretary
08:00-08:10 Welcome address ??

08:10-08:30 Review of the second year of the project Dr Duc
08:30-10:00 Topic 1: Evaluation of FFSs in 2008
How much of anticipated learning outcomes
we achieved this year and what we have to do
next year?
10:00-10:30 Coffee break and Group photo
10:30-12:00 Workshop
Topic 1: Evaluation of FFSs in 2008 using rich
picture, diagrams and mapping– achievements,
difficulties, skills farmers adopted and skills
that farmers need more training for to be able
to use.
Topic 2: Evaluation of farmers experiments in
2008-how useful were they as a learning tool.
How should they be conducted next year?
12:00-13:00 Lunch
13:00-14:30 Topic 2: Evaluation of farmers experiments in
2008-how useful were they as a learning tool.
How should they be conducted next year?
14:30-15:30 Development of curriculum for 2009
Detailed curriculum to be developed for 10
FFS’s sessions (do not include opening and
closing session)
15:30-16:00 Coffee break
16:00-17:30 Development continue and report on
curriculum developed and discussion

Facilitators:
Mr Dung, Dr Duc, Mr Loc and
Oleg


Participants:
Trainers from Sub-PPD in Phu
Tho, Yen Bai, Ha Giang and
Tuyen Quang
17:30 Closing Dr Duc and Oleg




24
Annex 2: Activities for review workshops in 2008.

1. Evaluation of FFSs in 2008 (120 minutes)

Process:

a) Define expected training outcomes (Plenary session – all together)
All participants will get cards in 3 different colours for example yellow, blue and
pink. Participants will write down their expected training outcomes of FFS in 3
categories: i) knowledge (write on yellow card), ii) skills (write on blue card) and

iii) farmers organisation = capacity building of community (write on pink card).
After participants indentify the expected outcomes a facilitator will group the cards
with written expected outcomes and try to match the expected outcomes to the
training objectives. .

b) In smaller groups (each province is one group) participants will identify how
much of the expected training outcomes was actually achieved in 2008 FFSs and
then indentify what should be done in 2009 to fully achieve the expected
outcomes.

c) Representatives from each group will present their findings to all participants and
after discussion a facilitator will write the results into a table on butcher paper.

Output:
The table written on butchers paper, summarising objectives and outcomes; the extent
of farmers achievement of those objectives and needs for further intervention to
achieve objectives and outcomes. This table will be specific for each province.

Example table showing the kind of information expected to be collected
Objective/expected
outcome
Achievements in 2008 FFS Needs to be address in 2009 FFS
1. Increase farmers
knowledge of
citrus orchard
agro-ecosystem

i Farmer
understand
relationship

between pest and
natural enemies
Farmers become aware of
importance of the balance
between natural enemies
and pests
Farmers knowledge how to
preserve the balance between
pest and natural enemies has to
be increased
ii Farmer can
recognise natural
enemies
Farmer can recognise large
natural enemies yellow
ants, ladybeetles, bees
Using hand-lens to demonstrate
to farmers presence of predatory
mites
iii Farmers in FFS
cooperate to
introduce yellow
ants into orchard
Few individual farmers
have yellow ants
Organise farmer group that will
work together to introduce
yellow ants in their orchard

25
2. Evaluation of the experiment(s) performed in FFS
(60 minutes at workshop+60-120 minutes preparation)

Process:

1. Participants will arrive in late afternoon. Before dinner we will give them sheets of
butcher paper and ask them to write down:

Butcher paper 1:
a) Objective of each experiment they conducted in FFS
b) Methods used and description in point form how the experiment was performed

Butcher paper 2:
a) Results:
i) Results in terms of control of pest and diseases, and yield and quality of fruit
ii) Results in terms of farmers participation and learning benefits

2. At the workshop participants will present the objectives, methods and results. After
discussion they will work in groups (each province one group) and outline
experiment(s) for 2009. Each group have to clearly state learning objectives and
expected learning outcomes of the experiment.

3. Presentation of 2009 experiment outline

Output:
1. Evaluation of 2008 experiments
2. Outline of 2009 experiment

3. Curriculum development

Activity 1:
Identification of major activities and problems associated with activities specific
for each phase of production cycle:

1. After harvest to flowering
2. Flowering, fruit-set, initial fruit grow
3. Fruit grow and ripening
4. Harvest

Presentation and discussion

Activity 2:
Drafting of curriculum for 2009

Using the tables developed in the first activities where needs for improvement were
indentified, the participants will draft curriculum for next year specific for their
provinces. FFS will have twelve sessions spread over the season. Sessions should be
conducted in each of the indentified phases.