Report of research results : “Research on selecting the macadamia varieties suitable to Central Highland Area and the possibility to develop macadamia with intercropping method” " ppt

VIETNAM AGRICULTURE SCIENCE INSTITUTE
CENTRAL HIGHLAND AGRICULTURE FORESTRY SCIENCE & TECHONOLY
INSTITUE
REPORT OF RESEARCH RESULTS
TOPIC:
“Research on selecting the macadamia varieties
suitable to Central Highland Area and the possibility to
develop macadamia with intercropping method”
Topic Presider: Tran Vinh MSc.
Implementer: Agricultural Engineer Dang Thi Thuy Thao
Dak Lak, February 2009
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS OF MACADAMIA
1. OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCH
1.1. Define some promising macadamia varieties in the
garden of variety group.
1.2. Define the growth and developing possibility of grafted
macadamia trees in the intercropping methods.
1.3. Define the growth and developing possibility of
germinated macadamia trees in the pure cropping.
2. OBJECTIVES AND CONTENT OF THE RESEARCH
The group from China
Organizing method:
Variety: H2, 508, OC, 344, 814
Density: 400 trees/ha (5 x 5m)
Area: 1 ha
Location: Central Highland Agriculture and
Forestry Science and Technology Institue
Year of Planting: 2002
Plant with pruning trees
Targets:

Growth
Appearance
Flower, Fruit
Productivity, Nut Quality
The group from Thailand
Organizing method:
Variety : H2, 508, 246, 344, 741, 660
Density : 1.100 trees/ha (3 x 3m)
Area : 0,05 ha
Location: Central Highland Agriculture and
Forestry Science and Technology Institue
Year of Planting : 2005
Plant with grafted trees
Targets:
Growth
Appearance
2.1. Assess and select macadamia varieties in the group
In 2009, continue to plant 8 varieties from Australia: A238, A38, A16, A4, Dadow,
344, 246, 203
2.2. Assess the ability of growth and development of
the grafted Macadamia tree with the intercropping
method.
Intercrop with Coffea
canephora (Robusta)
Density : 138 trees/ha (6x12m)
Variety: H2, 508, OC
Area: 1 ha
Year of Planting: 2006
Location: Vin KHKTNLNTN
Targets: Growth

Intercrop with Coffea
arabica
Density : 166 trees/ha (6x10m)
Variety : H2, 508, OC
Area : 1 ha
Year of Planting : 2006
Location : Bo lc-Lâm ng
Targets: Growth
Intercrop with Cacao
Density : 138 trees/ha (6x12m)
Variety : H2, 508, OC
Area : 1 ha
Year of Planting : 2006
Location : Vin KHKTNLNTN
Targets: Growth
2.3. Assess the ability of growth and development of
the grafted Macadamia tree with the pure cropping
method
In ak Lak
Density: 400 trees/ha (5 x 5m)
Origination of variety: Lang Son
Area: 1 ha
Year of Planting: 2004
Location: Vin KHKTNLNTN
Targets: Growth, rate of flowering
trees, rate of collasped trees
Ti Gia Lai
Density : 400 trees/ha (5 x 5m)
Origination of variety: Lang Son
Area : 1 ha

Year of Planting : 2004
Location: The Centre of Gia Lai
Targets: Growth, rate of flowering
trees, rate of collasped trees
3. RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH
3.1. Assess and select the macadamia varieties in the group garden :
(Chart 1 to Chart 10)
3.2. The growth of Grafted Macadamia in the
intercropping methods : (Chart 11)
3.3. The growth of Germinated Macadamia in the Pure
cropping methods : (Chart 12)
Chart 1: The Growth of the Macadamia varieties after 6 years
6,150021,938417,913,1344
8,451818,934813,412,7814
18,942514,33498,813,3OC
10,355011,54441415,7508
6,95477,844710,214,9H2
CV%AverageCV%AverageCV%Average
Height (cm)
Canopy Diameter
(cm)
Root Diameter (cm)
Variety
3.1. Assess and select the macadamia varieties in the group garden
3.1.1. The variety group of Macadamia originated from China
0
100
200
300
400

500
600
cm
H2 508 OC 814 344
Gi_ng
D g_c (cm)
D tán (cm)
Hvn (cm)
Diagram 1: The Growth of the Macadamia varieties after 6 years
Chart 2: The Form Characters of Macadamia Varieties
40-4535,0DensePyramidOC
35-4040,0AveragePyramid344
20-2551,6DensePyramid814
35-4060,8AveragePyramid508
25-3083,3AveragePyramidH2
Branch Angle
(
o
)
Height of
branch (cm)
Canopy
Density
Canopy
Shape
Form Targets
Variety
344 H2 508
OC 814
Chart 3: The Flowering Characters of the Macadamia

varieties
Widespre
ad
2517614,84100814
Widespre
ad
3018215,26100344
Widespre
ad
6018216,812100OC
Widespre
ad
7023815,814100508
Widespre
ad
6028422,78100H2
Flower
Distributi
on per
Plant
Rate of
Flowering
(%)
Number
of
flower/ste
m
Stem
length
(cm)

Number of
Flower/
Stem
Rate of
Flowering
Plant
(%)
Tên
ging
H2 OC
344
508 814
Chart 4: The Characters of Fruit of Macadamia Varieties
1,7700GreenRound3814
2,1750GreenRound4344
2,1915Green
Round,
núm
4OC
0,8660GreenRound3508
2,4700GreenRound7H2
Rate of
u qu
(%)
Weight of
100 seeds
(g)
Colour of
ripe fruit
Fruit Shape

Number of
Fruit/stem
Variety
H2
OC
508
Chart 5: Seed Productivity and Quality of some Macadamia Varieties
after 6 years of planting
35,24,189,1460OC
28,41,586,6240508
30,53,437490H2
Rate of
Kernel (%)
Productivity
(kg/tree)
Weight of
Seed (g)
Total of
Fruit/Tree
Variety
Chart 6: Rate of collapsed trees of macadamia varieties
000OC
000344
356814
28,59,5508
31011,7H2
2007-200820062005Variety
Chart 7: Number of falling fruit in according to the sizes of 3
macadamia varieties

1.70602301005141.060OC
6.255011627172.3593.106Total
2.64206122611.0931.270508
1.9070320356752776H2
>3026-3021-2516-2011-155-10
Total
Fruit diameter (mm)
Variety
Chart 2: Number of falling fruit in according to the sizes of 3 macadamia
varieties
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
5-10 11-15 16-20 21-25 26-30 30-35
H2
508
OC
S_ qu_
_K
qu_
(mm)
Chart 8: Number of falling Fruit as the fruit Time of 3 macadamia
varieties
6.2551047315.215205Total
1.70623721.55754OC

2.642173312.19698508
1.907643281.46253H2
The 5
th
Month
The 4
th
Month
The 3
rd
Month
The 2
nd
Month
Total
Number of falling fruit as time
Variety
3.1
2.9
4.3
4.3
3.3
2.3
3.0
2.7
2.0
3.0
2.3
2.0
2.3

1.7
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.3
2.3
2.7
2.0
2.3
3.3
3.0
3.7
3.0
4.3
5.3
2.7
4.7
4.3
4.7
3.7
Wind Speed
(m/s)
1890
2083
13.3
0.0
4.6
141
157

128
365
541
406
626
273
216
194
87
226
170
163
262
155
405
233
61
10
5.0
61
112
0.0
0.0
4.2
0.4
1.7
12
Raining Volume
(mm)
82

82
81
91
81
87
86
89
88
89
89
89
89
87
87
87
85
85
85
79
82
86
78
73
75
74
76
73
76
73
79

82
79
81
Average Air
Humidity
(%)
29.5
29.5
27.2
26.6
29.6
25.7
28.8
27.8
29.0
29.3
28.4
28.3
29.0
29.2
29.4
29.7
30.5
31.7
30.4
31.4
31.3
29.8
32.4
33.6

33.1
31.5
32.5
30.2
29.0
31.3
26.5
27.1
26.3
27.2
Max
Temperature
(
o
C)
20.9
20.6
19.2
19.0
20.2
19.1
20.8
21.3
21.7
21.5
21.6
21.6
20.8
22.1
21.7

21.3
22.2
22.2
21.6
21.8
22.2
21.4
21.9
21.8
21.7
20.3
20.4
19.5
19.9
18.5
17.7
19.0
18.5
18.0
Min
Temperature
(
o
C)
24.0
23.8
22.0
21.8
23.8
21.5

23.7
23.6
24.4
24.3
23.9
24.0
24.1
24.4
24.3
24.7
25.3
25.5
25.1
25.5
25.6
24.6
25.7
26.0
26.1
24.6
24.9
23.5
22.9
23.3
20.7
21.6
21.3
20.7
Average
Temperature

(
o
C)
Averag
e of
Year
121110987654321Month
Factors
2006 2007 2008
THE WEATHER STATISTICS IN BUON MA THUOT 2006, 2007, 2008
Chart 3: Number of falling Fruit as the fruit Time of 3 macadamia
varieties
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
S_ qu_ r_ng
Tháng 2 Tháng 3 Tháng 4 Tháng 5
H2
508
OC
Some Images of Falling FruitsMt s hình nh v
rng qu ca macadamia
Tháng 3
Tháng 3
Tháng 4
Tháng 5
Tháng 2