ASTM D250 77E1Standard Specification for AsphaltSaturated Asbestos Felt Used In Roofing And Waterproofing

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[AMERICAN NATIONAL] WBSTANDARDMV ANSI/ASTM D 250 - IT

Standard Specification for
ASPHALT-SATURATED ASBESTOS FELT USED IN
ROOFING AND WATERPROOFING1

This Standard is issued under the fixed designation D 250; the number immediately following the designation inriicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of
last reapproval.

' NOTE 1—The title was editorially changed in February 1978.
NOTE 2—Table 1 was corrected editorially in January 1979.

1. Scope Uniform Freight Classification6

1.1 This specification covers asphalt-satu- 3. Classification
rated asbestos felts, with or without perfora-
tions, for use with asphalts conforming to the 3.1 Asphalt-saturated asbestos felts cov-
requirements of Specification D 312 in the ered by this specification are of two types:
construction of built-up roofs, and with as-
phalts conforming to the requirements of 3.1.1 Type /-Nominal 730 g/m'2 (15 lb/
Specification D 449 in the membrane system square), plain or perforated.
of waterproofing.
3.1.2 Type //-Nominal 1460 g/m2 (30 lb/
NOTE —The values stated in SI units are to be square), plain only.
regarded as the standard.
4. Definitions
2. Applicable Documents

4.1 For definitions of terms such as "felt,"
2.1 ASTM Standards: "built-up roofing," and "square," see Defini-
D146 Sampling and Testing Bitumen-Satu- tions D 1079.

rated Felts and Fabrics Used in Roofing 4.2 For the purpose of sampling, a lot shall
and Waterproofing2 consist of the same type and size of roofing
D312 Specification for Asphalt Used in felt offered for delivery at one time.
Roofing2
D449 Specification for Asphalt Used in 5. Ordering Information
Dampproofing and Waterproofing'2
D 1079 Definitions of Terms Relating to 5.1 Orders for material purchased under
Roofing, Waterproofing, and Bituminous this specification shall include the following:
Materials'2
2.2 Federal Standard: 5.1.1 Designation of this specification,
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Domestic 5.1.2 Type of material (3.1), and whether
Shipment (Civilian Agencies)3 plain or perforated,
2.3 Military Standards:*
MIL-R-3423 Packaging of Roofing Felt in 1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM
Rolls Committee D-8 on Roofing, Waterproofing, and Bituminous
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Materials.
Storage
2.4 American Trucking Association, Inc.: Current edition approved July 1, 1977. Published Sep-
National Motor Freight Classification5 tember 1977. Originally published as D 250 - 26 T. Last
2.5 Uniform Classification Committee: pre2vious edition D 250 - 70. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Part 15.

3 Available from General Services Administration,
Washington, D.C. 20402.

4 Available from Naval Publications and Forms Center,
5801 Tabor Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. 19120.

5 Available from American Trucking Association, Inc.,
1616 P St. N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036.

6 Available from Uniform Classification Committee,
212 Union Station, Chicago, 111. 60606.

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5.1.3 Quantity of rolls, D250
5.1.4 Special sampling, inspection, and
certification procedures, if required, and 9.2 Determine the openness of the perfo-
5.1.5 Special packaging, packing, and rations in saturated felts by the following
marking procedures (13.3 and 13.5), if re- method:
quired.
9.2.1 Cut three adjacent 305-mm (12-in.)
6. Materials and Manufacture ± 0.5 % square specimens across the width of
the felt. Determine the number of perfora-
6.1 The felt shall be produced from at least tions per specimen by multiplying the number
85 % by mass of asbestos fiber. The surface of of perforations per row by the number of
the felt shall be uniform and relatively rows. Correct for differences when rows are
smooth. Upon splitting or tearing on the bias, off-set from each other. Calculate the average
the felt shall appear reasonably free of lumps. number of perforations per unit area.

6.2 In the process of manufacture, a single 9.2.2 Place the specimen on a sheet of
thickness of asbestos felt shall be saturated white paper with the smoother side up (side
with an asphaltic saturant. from which the needling or perforating device
enters the felt). Use a 50-mm (2-in.) wide
7. Physical Requirements natural or nylon bristle paint brush to apply
uniformly 15 to 20 cm3 of SAE No. 10 or

7.1 Asphalt-saturated asbestos felt shall 10W grade motor oil to each specimen. Apply
neither crack nor be so sticky as to cause the oil with smooth strokes and without undue
tearing or other damage upon being unrolled pressure on the brush. Complete the initial
at ambient temperatures above 10°C (50°F). application in one minute and continue to
brush out the oil on the surface for an addi-
7.2 The material shall conform to the phys- tional minute.
ical requirements prescribed in Table 1 and
the dimensions and masses prescribed in Ta- 9.2.3 Lift the perforated felt from the pa-
ble 2. per upon completion of brushing and count
the oil spots showing on the white paper be-
7.3 Plain and perforated felts shall con- neath as open perforations. Calculate the dec-
form to the same requirements as the imper- imal fraction of holes open on the basis of the
forate (plain) type except that the perfora- total number of holes determined in 9.2.1.
tions shall be uniformly spaced. Average the results of three determinations
and report.
8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
9.2.4 Measure the size of the perforations
8.1 The felt shall be thoroughly and uni- using an optical comparitor. If round, record
formly saturated, and shall show no unsatu- diameter of the holes. If square or rectangu-
rated spots at any point upon cutting 50-mm lar, record appropriate dimensions. Calculate
(2-in.) wide strips at random across the entire the average area of the perforations.
sheet and splitting them open for their full
length. 9.2.5 Determine the average venting area
by the formula:
8.2 The surface of the felt shall not be
coated or covered with talc or other substance V=PxA xH
that would tend to interfere with adhesion
between the felt and plying cement. where:
V = vented area, mm2/m2 (in.2/ft2),
8.3 The finished material shall be free of P — average number of holes/m2 (average

visible external defects, such as holes, ragged
or untrue edges, breaks, cracks, tears, protu- number of holes/ft2),
berances and indentations, except for inten- A = average area at one hole, mm2 (in.2),
tionally provided perforations and the associ-
ated protuberances. and
H = decimal fraction of open holes (dimen-
9. Sampling and Test Methods
sionless).
9.1 Sample the material and determine the
properties enumerated in this specification in 10. Inspection
accordance with Methods D 146.
10.1 Unless otherwise specified in the pur-
chase contract, the supplier is responsible for
inspection and may use his own or any other

264

suitable facilities to establish conformance of D250
the material to the requirements of this speci-
fication. The purchaser retains the right to and the knowledge that maintenance of his
inspect the material to assure himself of com- process and quality control standards ensures
pliance with all requirements. compliance.

11. Rejection and Rehearing 13. Packaging, Marking, Shipping, and Pres-
ervation
11.1 Failure to conform to any of the re-
quirements prescribed in this specification 13.1 Asphalt-saturated asbestos felt shall
shall constitute grounds for rejection. In case be furnished in 914-mm (36-in.) wide rolls.
of rejection, the supplier shall have the right The rolls need not be wound on cores. Unless
to reinspect the rejected material and resub- otherwise specified in the contract or purchase

mit the lot after removal of those packages not order, rolls of saturated felt shall be wrapped
conforming to the requirements. in a material of sufficient width to securely
bind the roll to prevent its shifting position.
12. Certification No roll shall contain more than two pieces of
felt, and no more than 3 % of the rolls in any
12.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the shipment shall contain two pieces.
contract or order, a manufacturer's certifica-
tion that the material was manufactured and 13.2 Containers and packing shall comply
tested in accordance with this specification, with National Motor Freight Classification
together with a report of the test results, shall rules or Uniform Freight Classification rules.
be furnished at the time of shipment.
13.3 When specified in the contract or pur-
12.2 Upon the request of the purchaser in chase order, rolls of felt shall be prepared for
the contract or order, the certification of an shipment in accordance with the provisions of
independent third party indicating conform- MIL-R-3423, Level A or C.
ance to the requirements of this specification
may be accepted instead of the manufacturer's 13.4 Unless otherwise specified in the pur-
certification. chase order or contract, each package shall be
plainly marked with the manufacturer's name,
12.3 Unless otherwise specified in the pur- brand name, felt type and area, and shall bear
chase contract, the manufacturer may certify the notation "asphalt."
that the material meets all requirements of
this specification based upon previous testing 13.5 When specified in the contract or pur-
chase order, individual rolls and pallets shall
be marked in accordance with Fed. Std. No.
123 for civilian agencies and MIL-STD-129
for military agencies.

TABLE 1 Physical Requirements of Asphalt-Saturated
Asbestos Felt

Type I Type II

Average breaking strength, 3.5(20)f 7.0(40)f
min, kN/m (lbf/in.) of 1.75(10)f 3.5(20)f
width:
2
With fiber grain
Across fiber grain 2
Pliability, number of failures,
5 5
max:
13-mm (72-in.) radius bend
19-mm (3/4-in.) radius bend

Loss on heating, max, %

265

D250

TABLE 2 Dimensions and Masses of Asphalt-Saturated Asbestos Felt

Type I Type II

Width of roll, mm (in.) 914(36)±0.7 %
Area of roll
As agreed between purchaser and
Net mass of saturated felt, min, g/m2 (lb/100 ft2)
Mass of desaturated felt, min, g/m2, (lb/100 ft2) supplier

Mass of saturant (asphalt), min, g/m2 (lb/100 ft2)'1
Perforated felt, average area of individual hole, max, mm2 (in.2) 635(13) 1367(28)
Spacing of holes in each row, center to center, mm (in.):
415(8.5) 855(17.5)
min
max 166(3.4) 342(7.0)
Spacing between adjacent rows, center to center, mm (in.):
min 9.7 (0.015)
max
Number of holes/m2 (ft2), min 25(1)
Actual venting area, min, mm2/m2 (in.2/ft2) (perforated felt only) 230(9)
Thickness of desaturated felt, min, mm(in.)
Ash, min, % 130/2) 1.02(0.040)
38(1 lh) 70.0
130(12)
695(0.1)
0.51(0.020)
70.0

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