Mệnh đề quan hệ trường đại học ng tp hồ chí minh

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<b>UNIT 5: RELATIVE CLAUSES </b>

<b>Khóa học Toeic 450 + Cô Vũ Thị Mai Phương </b>

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<b>A. Relative Pronouns: People </b>

who/ that whom/ who/ that/ Ø whose

(1) Subject

✓ He has three sisters. They are teachers. => He has three sisters who are teachers.

✓ Leslie is the person. She is in charge of shipments. => Leslie is the person who is in charge of shipments.

(2) Object

He is the applicant. We interviewed him.

=> He is the applicant whom/who/ that/ Ø we interviewed.

(3) Possessive

<b>He is an ambitious man. His work performance outdoes others’. </b>

=> He is an ambitious man whose work performance outdoes others’.

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<b>B. Relative Pronouns: things </b>

which/ that which/ that/ Ø whose/ of which

(1) Subject

✓ Wayne read an article. It was really unusual.

=> Wayne read an article which I that was really unusual.

✓ He has work. It requires a lot of time and effort. => He has work which/that requires a lot of time and effort.

(2) Object

He got a job offer. He wanted it so much.

=> He got a job offer which/ that/ Ø he wanted so much.

(3) Possessive

I bought a computer. Its storage capacity has been recently upgraded.

=> I bought a computer whose storage capacity has been recently upgraded.

=> l bought a computer, the storage capacity of which has been recently upgraded.

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Relative Pronouns Function Example

where

(in/at which)

It is used to indicate places. We could not afford such a large house where we

Do you remember the day when we first met?

why

(for which)

It is used to indicate reasons.

Tell me the reason why you are so sad.

<b>1. Các trường hợp không dùng “that” </b>

✓ Trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định

Ex: Mrs. Phuong, that has just bought a new car, is my teacher. ✓ Sau giới từ

The man to that I talked yesterday is my friend’s father.

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<b>2. Nếu trong MĐQH có giới từ => có thể đảo lên trước Đại Từ QH (whom hoặc which) </b>

Ex:

➢ Doctor Robin, with whom we talked yesterday, is a very kind man. ➢ This is the material from which our major product is made.

<b>3. Dùng “, which” để thay thế cho cả mệnh đề đứng trước nó. </b>

✓ He finished the report on time, which made his manager satisfied.

✓ One of the members of sales department behaved impolitely, which made the customers angry.

✓ The man talking with Janet is my manager.

✓ I was awakened by the sound of the snore coming from my husband.

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<b>2. Dùng cụm PII </b>

✓ Dùng cho các mệnh đề bị động. ✓ Cách rút gọn:

Bỏ đại từ quan hệ và trợ động từ, chỉ để lại động từ ở dạng PII. ✓ The report written by Mike is accurate.

✓ The proposal revised by Phil was outstanding.

<b>3. Dùng cụm to V </b>

✓ Dùng khi danh từ đứng trước có các từ bổ nghĩa như: ONLY, LAST, số thứ tự như: FIRST, SECOND…

✓ So sánh hơn nhất

<i>✓ He is the last man to leave the ship. </i>

✓ John is the youngest person to take part in the race.

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Complex relative pronoun Noun clause Adverbial clause of concession

Whose/ whomever Anyone who/whom No matter who/ whom

Whichever Anything which No matter which

Whatever Anything which No matter what

<b>Ví dụ </b>

✓ Brochures should be sent to whoever participates in the meeting. ✓ Whichever system has the lowest error rate will be selected. ✓ Whatever your business needs, you can rely on our expertise.

3. Company cars are available to all individuals ________ positions require them to travel on a regular basis.

4. Workshop participants may choose any seat in the auditorium except those in the front row, ______ are reserved for presenters.

chỉ có whose mới đi với N đó

thay cho seat

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5. The original script is written by Julia _____ latest works have been well received by the public.

7. You will receive a monthly newsletter _____ you will find information on car safety and maintenance.

8. The industry opened 10,000 more jobs _____ increasing export forced employers to hire more workers.

9. If you visit our website, you will be able to download a program ______ should solve this problem.

10. Mr. Simpson is an aggressive activist in Kim Greenpeace, ______ previously worked for another nonprofit organization.

11. Paul Allen will be sent to the Seattle branch ______ he is scheduled to deliver a presentation on a new product model.

12. ______ applicants need is a willingness to collaborate with other people.

ở trong thư đó

những j mà ứng viên cần là

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13. _____ way you look at, nuclear power is the key energy of the future.

14. We will continue to provide you with the high - quality programs and service ______ you have become accustomed.

16. You might want to consider a monthly pass, which ______ you a parking space anytime, day or night

<b>Question 18 - 20 refer to the following article. </b>

A warning of water contamination has been issued to residents in Ellensburg and travelers to the area. Lead and rust have been found in the tap agricultural area _____ crops are cultivated.

18.

(A) which

(B) that

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(C) where

(D) when

Tests by Environmental Protection Agency said that, by national standards, rates of bacteria increase the region.

The problem is probably due to animal wastes _______ have contact with reservoirs supplying the region with water.

The local government is making efforts to _____ this problem and restore a clean water supply to the area.

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