Lesson 12

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I. Vocabulary

13 unerringly adv /ʌnˈɜːrɪŋli/ luôn trúng đích, khơng sai lệch

19 integrity n /ɪnˈteɡrɪti/ tính chân thực, tính liêm chính

24 indecency n /ɪnˈdiːsənsi/ sự khơng đứng đắn, sự không chỉnh tề

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38 frigid a /ˈfrɪdʒɪd / lạnh lẽo, băng giá

phủ đứng dầu

II. Structures

4 step up = take action bước lên, tiến lại, hành động

6 call into question/cast doubt on St nghi ngờ

7 fight like cat and dog/have angry arguments all the time = violently argue: cãi nhau chí chóe 8 work like a charm/be completely successful or effective: thành công rực rỡ

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11 put forward đề xuất

13 throw up one's hand in horror = be shocked: bị sốc

III. Practice exercise 12

Mark the letter A, B, C, orD on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to theunderlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 1: A rumor is floating about that the businessman is getting ready to waste millions again in a

futile attempt to become governor, but that's relevant only to the coyotes who will take his money.

Question 2: Surveying the bare earth, he concluded that the island had suffered some natural c alamity

that had denuded it of vegetation and triggered a decline in rainfall that was turning the place into a desert.

Question 3: Water quality in nearby streams and rivers also deteriorates as tree loss contributes to increased

Question 4: Migration is an excellent example of how nature has responded to the biological imperativefor species to evolve and spread out into all possible ecological niches that can provide the conditions

necessary for species to breed and raise young.

Question 5: How birds manage to unerringly travel between distant locations is one aspect that has

fascinated observers for centuries.

A. accurately B. incorrectly C. successfully D. independently

Question 6: Most studies have found that migratory birds all have some ability to navigate and an innate

drive to travel in a particular direction.

A. draw a map B. give directions C. find their way D. migrate

Question 7: With sailors planting several thousand trees a year, the bare white mountain was soonc loaked in green and renamed Green Mountain.

Question 8: It simply won't work for scientists to continue to appeal to the weight of the evidence, while

refusing to discuss the integrity of their profession.

Question 9: Winning back public confidence is a marathon, not a sprint, but you can't win at all if you don't step up to the starting line.

Question 10: He claimed the cabbie had assaulted him, setting about him with a wheel brace and then

trying to run him over.

Question 11: Apparently, these concerns had been raised before, even by an outfit whose reliability as a watchdog has been called into question recently.

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A. believed B. doubted C. demanded D. trained

Question 12: Their relationship was passionate and never dull, with great highs when their love seemed to overwhelm them and huge lows when they fought like cat and dog .

C. didn't talk to each other D. easily made friends

Question 13: I went about it with military precision, having long lists of everything that needed to be done at what time, and it worked like a charm .

A. was completely successful B. was totally failed C. turned out to be a disaster D. became a feat

Question 14: My point in doing all this is that the Federal Communications Commission's indecency ‘standard' remains about as clear as mud .

C. clear enough to understand D. too clear to understand

Question 15: The sudden rise in poll fortunes last month, when the party was neck and neck with Labour for

the first time in a decade, appears to have been little more than a blip.

Mark the letter A, B, Q or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning tothe underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 16: Although this was an improvement, the braking distance the trains required was more thanthe 100 feet of track that were i lluminated .

Question 17: The protected woodlands in Hazelwood will remain largely untouched, but proposals havebeen put forward that they be opened up to pedestrians via a series of walkways.

Question 18: Despite excellent entertainment for dyed-in-the-wool fans, the sameness of this series wasp ointed up when a really imaginative director was put to work on one of them.

A. understated B. highlighted C. emphasized D. exaggerated

Question 19: To understand why India enjoys such impunity, we need to go into the history of the

commission set up in 1946.

Question 20: Logging can also damage aquatic habitats. Vegetation along rivers and stream banks helps

maintain a steady water flow by blocking the entry of soil and other residue, and tree shade inhibits the

growth of algae. Removing trees o bliterates these benefits.

Question 21: Successful desert plants are resilient to scorching summers and frigid winters, drought, and

high-salt conditions.

Question 22: Modern ecologists throw up their hands in horror at what they see as Hookers

environmental anarchy.

A. are shocked B. are amazed C. are disappointed D. are calm

Question 23: The exotic species wrecked the indigenous ecosystem, s queezing out the islands endemic

Question 24: The new arrivals may just be an adornment, with little structural importance for theecosystem. But to Wilkinson, this sounds like clutching at straws .

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Question 25: At least four endemic species have gone extinct on Ascension since the exotics startedarriving. But in their urgency to protect endemics, ecologists are missing out on the study of a great

Question 26: If news of an outbreak came from abroad, relations with the affected country weres uspended.

Question 27: Public opinion has moved toward the view that scientists often try to s uppress alternative

hypotheses and ideas and that scientists will withhold data and try to manipulate some aspects of peer review to prevent dissent.

Question 28: But some of the weird writing calls that composer to mind, especially in the more reflective

moments of the second movement

A. recalls that composer B. forgets that composer C. reminds that composer D. distracts that composer

Question 29: Some successful scientists make their careers by hammering away at one experimental technique that they are good at, and by gathering a gang of co¬workers to do the donkey work .

A. hard and boring work B. exhausting and difficult work C. interesting and simple work D. exciting and challenging work

Question 30: The young politician was in the news every day for weeks, but now he seems to have f allen o ff the radar.

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Lesson 12

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