IR 4.0: OPPORTUNITIES FOR HEALTHCARE SECTOR IN VIET NAM

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<b>MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAININGFOREIGN TRADE UNIVERSITY</b>

<b>IR 4.0: OPPORTUNITIES</b>

<b>FORHEALTHCARESECTOR IN VIETNAM</b>

<b>Specialization: Master of Research in International Economics</b>

<b>DINH THI HONG HANH</b>

<b>Hanoi – 2020</b>

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<b>MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING FOREIGN TRADE UNIVERSITY</b>

<b>Full name: Dinh Thi Hong HanhSupervisor: Prof. Dr. Tu ThuyA n h</b>

<b>Hanoi – 2020</b>

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<b>CHAPTER 1- APPLICATIONS OF INDUSTRY 4.0INHEALTHCARE...5</b>

<b>1.1 The fourthindustrial revolution...5</b>

<b>1.3. Overview of healthcare systemi n Vietnam...22</b>

<b>CHAPTER 2- OPPORTUNITIES OF INDUSTRY 4.O FOR HEALTHCARE SECTORINVIETNAM...24</b>

<b>2.1 Vietnam underIndustry4.0...24</b>

<b>2.2. Healthcare digital technologyinVietnam...28</b>

<i><b>2.2.1 Vietnam proposes the route of makinghospitalsintelligent...28</b></i>

<i><b>2.2.2 Health ID issuedto citizens...29</b></i>

<i><b>2.2.3 Digitalisation of healthcare feild,double-edgedsword...30</b></i>

<i><b>2.2.4 Affairs on high-teach healthcare complex beginninginHanoi...32</b></i>

<b>2.3. Hospitaldigitalization ...34</b>

<i>2.3.1. Medical examinationt r e a t m e n t management...34</i>

<i>2.3.1.1. Increase of healthcareo n demand...35</i>

<i>2.3.1.2 Mobile application technologyi s personalized...36</i>

<i>2.3.1.2.1 Searchingbyvoice...36</i>

<i>2.3.1.2.2 Development of wearablem e d i c a l devices...37</i>

<i>2.2.1.3 ArtificialIntelligence...37</i>

<i>2.2.1.3.1 AI andforecastanalytics...37</i>

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<i>2.3.1.5.2 Patient treatment byv i r t u a l reality...43</i>

<i>2.3.2Hospital Digitalization inV i e t Nam...44</i>

<i>2.3.2.1 Hospitalgoingdigital...44</i>

<i>2.3.2.2 Government support for digitalisationi n healthcare...48</i>

<b>2.4. Opportunity of utilizing big datai n healthcare...50</b>

<i><b>2.4.1Benefits of Cloud computingf o r healthcare...513.1.2 Mobile devices and applicationsi n t o helthcare...71</b></i>

<i><b>3.1.3 Big datainmedicals y s t e m management...73</b></i>

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<i><b>3.1.4 New digital healthc o n s u l t a n t generation...76</b></i>

<b>3.2. Integrated care model based on capacities of IR 4.0 in Westone u r o p e a n 7 8</b> <i><b>3.2.1Care4.0...78</b></i>

<i><b>3.2. 2Healthcarepolicies...79</b></i>

<i>3.2.2.1 Academic merging co-designi n Scotland...81</i>

<i>3.2.2.2 Building faith in systems and in thewholepopulation...83</i>

<i>3.2.2.3. Activatingrenovationculture...83</i>

<i><b>3.3. Socializing healthcarei n China...99</b></i>

<b>3.4 Digitalisation of healthcare: digital health enablersinVietnam...106</b>

<b>CHAPTER 4- INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN VIETNAM'S DIGITAL HEALTHCARE...114</b>

<b>4.1. Policy and management: Adjusting our society to change fast in the medical andh e a l t h c a r e ecosystem...114</b>

<b>4.2. Incresasing many investments intoInformationtechnology...115</b>

<b>4.3 Policy and technology renovation challengesinhealthcare4.0...117</b>

<b>REFERRENCES...122</b>

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<b>ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS</b>

AI Artificial Intelligence IoT Internet of Things

ILO International Labour Organization

STEM Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics

CPS Cyber Physical System IOS Internet of Services

SERP Smart Enterprise Resource Planning IR Industrial Revolution

GSO General Statistics Office

ICT Information and Communications Technology ASEAN Association of South East Asian Nations MOH The Ministry of Health

CRM Customer Relationship Management DHI Digital Health and Care Institute HMO Health Maintenance Organization MIP Ministry of Planning and Investment

CIEM Central Institute for Economic Management VHEA Viet Nam Health Economics Association EHR Electronic Health Record

CMS Medicare and Medical Services BMI Business Monitor International CDC Centers for Disease Control GIS Geographic Information Coalition CHCs Commune Health Centers

TCF Textiles, Clothing and Footwear E&E Electronic and Electric

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MOOCs Massive Online Open Course AIC Asia Internet Coalition

CAGR Compound Annual Growth Rate mIoT Medical Internet of Things NLP Natural Language Processing

LOINC Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes

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<b>LIST OF FIGURE AND TABLE</b>

<i>Figure 1.1: Capabilities of Industry 4.0 in the medical field IoT, Internet ofthings...14</i>

<i>Table 3.1: The 4.0 toolset applied acrosscareorganization...90</i>

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The fourth industrial revolution is currently proceeding and is expected to significantly affect the way individuals live and in result change the society in various aspects. The ICT-based convergence industries of the fourth industrial revolution contain various fields. This thesis examines the researches done in fourth industrial revolution in medical field. This

thefourthindustrialrevolutiontobefocusedonforfurtherresearchinthisfield.

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<b><small>INTRODUCTION1.</small>The importance of thestudy</b>

Vietnam’s healthcare landscape is changing. The country’s strong economic and population growth is creating a new middle class which is demanding higher- quality medical treatment. These affluent, digitally-literate consumers are spending more on their healthcare, leading to a rise in demand for private providers and digital health services. The population of Vietnam is not just becoming richer. It is also growing older. This is resulting in a shift in the burden of disease from communicable to non-communicable conditions like diabetes and cancer. These non-communicable conditions require coordinated, long-term care solutions. Meanwhile, Vietnam is embracing the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Internet access is widespread and the country has seen rapid development in 4G and 5G mobile communication technologies. Building on these foundations, the government of Vietnam is driving a digitalisation agenda in hospitals and clinics across the country. Smart solutions are being strongly encouraged that utilise big data, artificial intelligence (AI), cloud computing and mobile technology to help alleviate Vietnam’s overcrowded public hospitals and increase quality of care. Together, these factors are opening up new opportunities for companies in Vietnam’s digital healthcare space. We looks at the enablers for the adoption of digital healthcare solutions in the country, as well as some of the difficulties that face new market entrants. The report gives an overview of Vietnam’s healthcare landscape – including its challenges and opportunities – and describes the main domestic and international players already operating in the market. It also includes key commercial opportunities available for companies as well as some tips on doing business in Vietnam’s emerging digital healthsector.

In area-wise research on Industry 4.0 in medical, we observed that the computer science area provides the maximum contribution of 31% in total research publications. However, the overall engineering field contributes 25%; decision sciences and mathematics contributing

ac-counting6%;materialsscience4%;biochemistry,geneticsandmolecularbiology

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2% and other fields 10%, which includes energy, health professions, pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics, physics and astronomy, psychology and social sciences. Industry4.0 in the medical field is increasing and research and development are progressing towards providing commercially viable and acceptable solutions for the medical field. Industry4.0 in the medical field is increasing and research and development are progressing towards providing commercially viable and acceptable solutions for the medical field. Industry 4.0 focuses on the design and manufacturing and helps perform different cases precisely. Industry 4.0 provides extensive contributions in the medical field with the help of innovative designing and smart manufacturing system. Industry 4.0 provides excellent flexibility to create smart industrial and medical models which help to improve communication between doctors and patients. In future, Industry 4.0 will move towards mass production systems and adapt to the world-class manufacturing system. It enables to create smarter medical products in lesser time and cost. This revolution will change all management and treatment system of the patient. With the help of smart manufacturing technologies, medical students can be well trained to detect problems and correlate them to take future action. In the medical field,it can help to increase overall performance by providing a digitally controlled management system to the patients. It provides precise surgery to the patient by the applications of additive manufacturing, sensors, holography, robots, AI, big data and IoT devices. Industry 4.0 bringing upon innovation with the help of holography and visual reality. Doctors and surgeons can take advantages of this revolution for research, development and excellent service to the patient. In the upcoming years, it will provide disruptive innovations to the medicalfield.

<b><small>2.</small>Research question and Objectives of thestudy</b>

The study has two main objectives: - Firstly, Fourth IndustrialRevolution

- Secondly, opportunities of Industry 4.0 for healthcare in Vietnam To get above objectives, the study addresses 3i s s u e s :

- Development of Industry 4.0 inVietnam

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- Experience of countries: US,China

- How does Industry 4.0 bring opportunities and solutions in medical field in Vietnam?

<b><small>3.</small>Subjects, scope and data of thestudy</b>

Subject of the study: Vietnam is embracing the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Health and healthcare solutions in the Fourth Industrial in Vietnam

Scope of the study: US, China, Europe, Vietnam

By using secondary data from reliable sources such as Ministry of Health, Ministry Science and Technology from government ande n t e r p r i s e .

To reach the objectives, the author uses combination of researchm e t h o d o l o g i e s : - Researching on primary and secondary documents to have the theoretical

basis, such as curriculums, research papers, science reports and soo n .

- Descriptive statistics method: After collecting data from reliable sources, the author proceeds to arrange, analyze and compare data as well as other documents to have a particular and aconcision

<b><small>5.</small>Structure of thestudy</b>

<b>-Chapter 1: Applications of industry 4.0 in healthcare</b>

- Chapter 2: Opportunity of Industry 4.0 for healthcare inV i e t n a m

- Chapter 3: Experiences of applying Industry 4.0 in healthcare in selected countries

- Chapter 4: Investment opportunities in Vietnam’s digitalh e a l t h c a r e

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<b>CHAPTER 1- APPLICATIONS OF INDUSTRY 4.0 INHEALTHCARE</b>

<b>1.1 The fourth industrialrevolution</b>

The Fourth Industrial revolution, like the others before, was born in manufacturing connecting everything to the internet, generating data across the whole process, and using advanced analytics to support completely new products and servicemodels

Focusing first on a Smart Factory, the initial premise was to create a better connected production line and generate decision support to workers to keep the line running at maximum efficiency, removing waste, and minimizing costs. Over time the quality and configuration of products could be changed more flexibly. Connectivity then expanded outside of the factory to other factories to optimize stock levels and ordering. Industry 4.0 now includes full value chain monitoring, including how the product is used, delivered, and maintained, creating a feedback loop to design and build and target products better in the future, keeping businesses competitive in a fast-evolving marketplace. This revolution must meet needs at a massive industrial scale andisprojected to be worth $214 billionby 2023.

The Industry 4.0 toolset includes :

• Cyber Physical System (CPS)—a connected, automated device, capable of learning from and effecting the physical environment, that is intelligent and responsive and can act independently (e.g., self-diagnosing problems) or interdependently with humans or other CPSs to achieve efficiencies or resolve issues.

• Internet of Things (IOT)—the network over which CPSs can connect to the internet and to each other in a secure, auditablemanner.

• Internet of Services (IOS)—when devices are networked over the IOT, new servicesfocusingonlogistics,intelligence,automationandpredictionarepossible.

• Smart Factory—the combination of cyber-physical systems and humans, connected through the internet of things with support from the internet of services, monitorproductionprocesses,andmakede-centralizeddecisionsaspartofan

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interdependent network. The factory management is orchestrated via smart enterprise resource planning (SERP) systems and supported by human and virtual agents to develop product that is responsive in real time to demand, market conditions, and value chain (e.g., logistics)feedback.

The toolset applied within the context of manufacturing and provides a baseline capability map for an overarching ‘4.0’ toolset which can be applied to different sectors and delivery models. Subsequent sections will consider other applications of this toolset in emerging next generation models of health and social care. For these discussions the ‘smart factory’ has been jointly labelled a ‘virtual agent’ to allow the concept to better cross sectors. The largely automated intelligent oversight of an interconnected system is a ‘smart factory’ in a manufacturing context, but in a care setting it is more likely to be a virtual assistant that translates between the system and the people within it, wherever theya r e .

Since the World Economic Forum’s action on Industry 4.0, many people have attempted to respond to the early challenge and opportunity. The concept is still maturing, with discussion around the difficulty of defining this complex web of technologies and principles. Contributors instead characterize Industry 4.0 through several different lenses. For example, arguing that it can only be fully characterized by the changing the way organizations, business models and markets work to optimize the benefits from the technology. A second characterization looks at how the relationships between actors differs from previous revolutions—with the first and second revolutions operating as a centralized network, the third revolution as a decentralized network with multiple, powerful hubs, while the fourth revolution will constitute a distributed network made up of interconnected nodes with equal power. The implications are that given the way the connected value chain reaches well beyond the physical confines of a factory, these technologies will change how society organizes itself, with power and assets redistributed (though not necessarily for societalgood).

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Countries all around the world are now standing on the brink of h technological revolution, commonly called the Industrial Revolution (IR) 4.0. Asia & Pacific region is the case in point, and most particularly Viet Nam, where rapid technology innovation and adoption at the workplace are diffusing faster than ever before, with some variations across sectors. This policy briefs introduces some of the opportunities and challenges for the world ofw o r k .

What is IR 4.0?

Previous industrial revolutions have been characterised by the adoption of various techniques for production. “The First Industrial Revolution used water and steam power to mechanize production. The Second used electric power to create mass production. The Third used electronics and information technology to automate production. Now a Fourth Industrial Revolution is building on the Third with the digital revolution occurring since the middle of the last century. It is characterized by a fusion of technologies that is blurring the lines between the physical, digital, and biological spheres. In its broad definition, IR 4.0 is characterised by rapid technological advancement through increased use of mobile communication and interconnectivity (‘internet of things’), big data, artificial intelligence, robotics, autonomous vehicles, 3D printing, Nano and biotechnology, quantum computing etc. What could be the impacts of IR 4.0 in the world of work in Viet Nam? With the transformation of entire systems of production, management and governance, the IR 4.0 offers a wide spectrum of opportunities and challenges in the world of work, with direct and indirect impacts on sectors across the economy (agriculture, industry and services) as well as categories of workers including the most vulnerable groups (youth, womene t c . ) .

Technology as creator and transformer ofjobs

Technological advances can support structural transformation of the economy (shift away from the agriculture to the manufacturing and services sectors) by facilitating labour mobility of workers across sectors and occupations and/ or easing work by lifting up workers from cumbersometasks.

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In the agriculture sector, the adoption of mechanisation is key for labour productivity increases and the diversification of the rural economy With two thirds of the labour force in rural areas, employment in agriculture, forestry and fishery sector is widespread, accounting for roughly 40 percent of total employment in 2017. While the sector’s growth has slowed down over the last decades, there is still some great untapped. GSO potential in off-farm activities and diversification in the non-agriculture sector in rural areas with productivity gains arising from mechanisation”. For example, the expansion of e-agriculture5 has the potential to enhance agriculture, forestry and fishery outputs and foster rural development through the emergence of “green jobs”6. Within the manufacturing sector, adoption of technology advancements has the potential to shift workers to higher skilled occupations with higher productivity. The ILO report “ASEAN in transformation: How technology is changing jobs and enterprises transformation” indicates that majority of total employment in the manufacturing sector, particularly in the textiles, clothing and footwear (TCF) and electronic and electric (E&E) sectors, will be impacted by IR 4.0. While high-tech has not yet completely entered the industries, there are some signs of penetration in industries. Trade, foreign direct investment and associated technology have all contributed to productivity growth. In those industries, significant changes in the medium to long term are most likely to occur due to disruptive technologies, for example in 3D printing technology, industrial robots, Internet of Things (iv) computeraid designs, and body scanners etc.7 In turn, subsectors in engineering, transport and infrastructure will likely boost demand for jobs. The digital revolution has the potential to shift workers to more customeroriented jobs in the service sector . Technology advancement also leads to a rise of the “gig economy” where a number of jobs are increasing being performed through online platforms (Uber, Grab, e-commerce). Ultimately, the adoption of new technology innovations could improve workplace safety, increase productivity, wages and stimulate aggregate demand, combined with anticipated increase of FDI inflow and easier access to major export markets arising from FTAs, particularly CPTPPandEU-VietNamFTA,onceratified.Asproductivityincreaseandworking

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conditions improve, this can further lead to a reduction of working hours and creation of more leisure services and products. Ensuring workers’ protection and decent work in the context of the IR4.0 Technology per se is neither good nor bad as technology cannot automate all tasks that require for example perception and manipulation, creative intelligence and social intelligence. Therefore, supporting workers and their protection in this process of rapid changes remains crucial. In particular, the importance of the informal economy together with the rise of casualization and nonstandard forms of employment put concerns on workers’ protection and the quality of employment as the employment relationship (employer/employee) becomes moreblurry.

How to maximize the use of IR 4.0? Some examples

Agriculture sector:

Technological advancement has been used in multiple ways in the agriculture sector in developed economies through increased use of technology and mechanisation in production to increase agricultural productivity (direct contribution) or through the use of ICT as a tool to empower farmers to take informed decisions (indirect contribution). Specific examples of using ICT include the use of smartphone mobile apps in agriculture, the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for farming and fishing or satellite technologies and other agronomy sciences that increased significantly agriculture and fishing outputs. Consumers and producers are also increasingly aware and conscious of ecological matters, fair trade and the importance of agricultural biological products with their specific characteristics as opposed to chemical products and mass production. The use of ICT to promote these biological and organic products is often used to sale and promote quality products together with a range of strategies including packaging, sizing andpricing.

The use of high-tech technologies is most commonly found in industries. In industrialised economies, technologies have been used in multiple ways in order to

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boost efficiency (both quality and quantity) and raise productivity. As examples, successful Asian economies like Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan and Malaysia have achieved their economic miracles with strong industrial development policies that placed a strategic focus on specific export-oriented sectors. In all cases, education and training policies have prepared the labour force for entry into targeted industries, by helping to absorb the know-how and technology from the rest of the world and to diversify into new and more sophisticated products. In Singapore, for example, the share of high-skill and technology-intensive manufacturing exports represents almost 50% of theworkforce.

Service sectors:

The use of mobiles devices and increased widespread access to internet has fundamentally changed the world of work. The rise of the gig economy, digital platform, freelancing and ecommerce, bring up new forms of work that can be performed remotely (or partly). They also significantly contributed to expand markets beyond borders by connecting an increasing number of people. On-line learning is increasingly used to foster skills’ development throughout the life cycle. For example, the use of online courses such as MOOCs (Massive Online Open Course) expand opportunities for youth to learn and share knowledge at a minimal cost on a variety of topics. What could be the priority areas of action for Viet Nam’s labour market? The 4th Industrial Revolution is here and cannot be avoided, yet the extent to which it penetrates different sectors of the economy varies. While the impacts on the jobs are difficult to predict, some ingredients are critical to carefully manage the process of transformation. In doing so, barriers to occupational, geographical and sectoral mobility need to be removed. Moving up the skills ladderHaving the right skills to increase the ability to adapt to the need of the labour market and drive the process of technological advancement forward is critical. A combination of both technical skills (such as STEM) and core skills (creativity, critical thinking, communication, teamwork etc.) are needed to best equip the labour force and foster resilience to the evolving labour

(multi)skilling,reskilling, lifelonglearning throughout thelifecycleareallcritica l

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in and out of the job. Education and training systems must be prepared to develop skills for the future. In particular, partnership between policymakers, business and training providers are required to ensure adequate supply with demand in the labour market. Sectoral approach to employmentcreation (incl. industrial policies) As Viet Nam will increasingly witness the impact of technological change at the workplace, the effects will vary considerably across sectors. An effective development strategy calls for expanding sectors that generate more value-added and employment, with large multiplier effects and upstream and downstream linkages to the domestic economy. The importance of industrial and other sectoral strategies for structural transformation could be reasserted in light of the national, regional, and global developments. The new growth model would need to be, in order to be inclusive and sustainable, built around higher technological value-added and productive sectors that nurture quality employment and other qualitative dimensions of the domestic economy. The importance of labour marketgovernance Viet Nam could increasingly compete in global markets based on higher productivity and better working conditions. But translating productivity growth into better wages and higher living standards requires effective labour market institutions, which include effective legal protection of workers’ rights in various forms of employment, representation of workers’ voice, and collective bargaining. Effective industrial relations is a key for stability, productivity and equity, which will ensure sustainable and inclusive development. Active labour market policy andsocial protection With accelerated changes under IR.4.0, workers who are more frequently moving from one job to another will need to be supported. Effective ‘active labour market policies’ that help to connect people with jobs are important to constantly help workers to develop new skills; ensure smooth transition from one job to another; provide skill training and unemployment insurance during the gaps between the jobs. Only with proper social protection, including unemployment insurance, workers’ move from lower to higher productivity sectors and jobs will befacilitated.

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<b>1.2 Healthcare 4.0</b>

“In a complex world that is advancing rapidly at an exponential pace where nearly every sphere of human existence seemingly finds the internet indispensable, therein lies profound benefits to be gained at the convergence of virtual reality, simulations, big data analytics and Artificial Intelligence. Healthcare is no exception. Sophysicians, health economists and healthcare administrators of this generation and beyond ultimately have to thrive in such a technological environment to remain relevant in the medical profession which provides care for the population in the modern age ofdigitalisation.

<i><b>1.2.1. Robot</b></i>

Robots are used to perform surgery and provide improved performance, movement and control. Now, surgery can be per-formed through computer control. It reduces/eliminates tissue trauma in open heart surgery case. It can also work in an environment that is felt dangerous forsurgeons.

<i><b>1.2.2 Three-dimensional model</b></i>

Holography is a noncontact 3D imaging that can be seen by anaked eye. It provides details of the human anatomy, tissue, bones and activity of an internal organ of the body with high resolution. Doctors can now see the patient in a holographic image without the physical presence of the patient. It is an excellent tool for con-tactless study which is used to measure the internal and external fracture. Holography has excellent potential to addresses the challenge of storing the complex issue of 3D image storing of thepatient.

Sensors provide information about temperature, blood pressure and other conditions of the patient. Different types of sensors are used as per the requirement of the medicalfield.

<i><b>1.2.3. Internet ofthings</b></i>

IoT has opened up a world of possibilities in medicine. It connects the Internet and medical devices and collects valuable in-formation to provide control over

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patients' lives and treatment. It is helpful in monitoring, treatment and testing to provide satisfaction to the patient.

<i><b>1.2.4. Big data</b></i>

In health care, big data provides life-saving outcomes. By the digitisation, it referred to vast quantities of information and analysed it. Doctors required an understanding of patients' past for their best treatment, so this technology is helpful to provide valuable information regarding patients such as the sign of illness. It also provides relevant critical insights into better care and fastert r e a t m e n t s

<i><b>1.2.5. Artificialintelligence</b></i>

In medical field, AI is used to analyse complex medical data. It is an essential technology that is programmed and controlled by machines with the help of the computer. It has the ability to gain information and well-defined output to doctors and patients. AI provides prevention and treatment technique to improve patient outcome. It is helpful in personalised medicine, diagnosis processes, disease level, drug development and patient monitoring.6. Different capabilities of Industry 4.0 in the medical field . Industry 4.0 could provide exciting capabilities and new opportunities for patient care. It individualises products with the precise manufacturing of patient-specific devices, which creates ahigh-quality result. It also positively impacts thehospital

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<b>Figure 1.1: Capabilities of Industry 4.0 in the medical field IoT, </b>

- The customisation is the primary requirement of the medical field because data of every patient- specific implants and devices ared i f f e r e n t - Industry 4.0 is famous because of the

manufacturing of the customised product, so it can quickly create highquality implants and devicesin lesser time and cost

2 Digital hospital - Industry 4.0 provides better information management in medical by the application ofIo T

- Helpful in keeping medical record,p h y s i c i a n ,

sample and laboratory identification

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- By the applications of digital technologies used in Industry 4.0, symptoms and cause of diseases are

easily identified

3 Smart implants - Efficient manufacturing of smart medical components and the same can communicate with monitoring systems and remotephysicians - It evolves in the part of the internet of service and opens a new era of opportunities in the medical

- By the applications of smart material,implants can change the shape with increase in temperature concerning time as per requirement

andmanufacturing of surgical

- Industry 4.0 can play a useful role in the design and production of implants, surgical tools, biomodels and all other medical devices and models in lessertime

- Also used for upgradation of tools and devices by the application of additivemanufacturing

- Implants manufactured by smartmanufacturing technology fit the patients comfortably

5 Management during a medical

- During unusual circumstances such as critical illness or unavailability of any family members, technologies are reliable to easily identify previous medical history of the patient such as name, age, blood group,etc.

- Provide more time for treatment by speedy

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6 Provides implants in lesser time

- Build a customised model in lesser

- Helpful to create a conceptual model for medical applications

- By the applications of different advance designing and manufacturing technologies, implants and other medical devices are createdin lesser time

7 Cost-effective for the hospitals

- Produces any medical devices, instruments or

- Digitally controls all the system in the hospital and provides excellent service to thepatient - Highly reliable for manufacturing of

acustomised product which correctly fits

as per patient match

- Models/parts manufactured by smart manufacturing technology have good

- Using good-quality material accuracy is

- Smart manufacturing technology uses multimaterials as input material - Multimaterial-printed implants provide exact information such as defects in the bone of the patient

- These multimaterial medical models helpt h e surgeon for a better understanding of the

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patient-specific problem before surgery

10 Provide flexibility - Industry 4.0 provides excellent flexibility during a

- Traces the cause of diseases by predicting data

- Flexibility to create industrial parts,m e d i c a l models, cultural artefacts and also other dental models

11 Improved research and development

- Industry 4.0 provides essential direction for the researchanddevelopment of

personalisedprostheses and other implants/ devices. - Industry 4.0 helpstoefficiently manufacture a prototype, and thisp r o t o t y p e i s t o b e t e s t e d a n d

used for research & development purposes

12 Precise for surgeons- Medical parts and components manufactured by this process performed precise surgery because smart manufacturing system produces an exact fitmodel.

- Easy handling of different complex cases

- Medical model manufactured by smart manufacturing systems can improve the communication between doctor/surgeon and patient.

- Doctors and surgeons can better understand the treatment outcomes and provide appropriate information to the patient

14 Reduces surgery risk

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technology which has the potential to reduce the

- Quickly identifies the problems for complicated cases

- Performs surgery efficiently which increasesthe success rate of operatio

15 Reduces inventory of implants

- Industry 4.0 is famous because of the customisation, which can manufacture any shape implant

- Reduces inventory cost because implants are produced as per the individual demand

- By the use of digitisation, it also reduces the paperwork because patient data are stored digitally

16 Identifies the level of diseases

- By the use of different scanning process and technique, patient data are usedefficiently - Helpful to identify different diseases and their

causesbytakingdatafromvariouspatients - Also helpful to identify the level of diseases 17 Holography - Industry 4.0 uses holography to display medical

data of the whole patient in a three-dimensional

- Doctors can see patient data in multiangular view without the presence of the

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18 Virtual reality - In medical, virtual reality canp r o v i d e needfulinformation to doctors and patients - Provides a 3D view of the patient'sd a t a - Improves the quality of surgicalp l a n n i n g

- Provides surgical skills to surgeons using simulation and investigates each organ ofthe human body in a better way

- Easily monitors the whole treatment process of the patient by recording alldata

- Helps to monitor and avoid public health problem with the help of different medical devices

- Increases the quality of medicaltreatment with optimised management cost

Management system with the help of innovative technologies.1,11Inmedical field, this revolution will become a new reality to create aninnovative concept and stay competitive. It successfully changes the whole process of the medical field by the applications of new technologies. Fig. 1 shows the different significant capabilities of Industry 4.0 in the medical field. Industry 4.0 provides innovative services to patients by analysing the data of the patient with the help of sensors and IoT. It provides accurate information using upcoming medical imaging techniques and helps perform precise surgery. It helps to easily handle different complicated cases with the help of a digitally controlled service to the patient. This revolution will readily undertake new research and development in the medical field. One of the excellent capabilities of this is the recycling of medical waste in the hospital that saves our environment. The new capabilities are well incorporated by Industry 4.0 in the medical field and help create excellent services to patientsand doctors.

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Journals and associated academic sources have published articles on ‘Industry 4.0 in the medical field’, such as communications in computer and information science journal and lecture notes in computer science including subseries lecture notes in AI and lecture notes in bioinformatics published as two articles each. Rest other sources and other journals published one article each in this field. Article source includes Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing; Advances in Production Engineering and Management; Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (English Edition); Future Generation Computer Systems; IEEE Internet of Things Journal; IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics; IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology; Journal of Industrial Infor-mation Integration; Journal of Network and Computer Applications; Manufacturing Chemist; Technological Forecasting and Social Change; Manufacturing Letters and Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing. In area-wise research on Industry 4.0 in medical, we observed that the computer science area provides the maximum contribution of 31% in total research publications. However, the overall engineering field contributes 25%; decision sciences and mathematics contributing 11% each; business, management and ac- counting 6%; materials science 4%; biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology 2% and other fields 10%, which includes energy, health professions, pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics, physics and astronomy, psychology and social sciences. From Scopus data, we have analysed that research on Industry4.0 in the medical field is increasing and research and development are progressing towards providing commercially viable and acceptable solutions for the medicalfield.

In the medical field, Industry 4.0 focuses on the design and manufacturing and helps perform different cases precisely. It isused for manufacturing of customised medical implants, tools and other devices to meet the varied requirement of the individual patient. It can efficiently solve the problem by the application of its various components which helps to meet the requirements of the medical field. Industry 4.0 provides extensive contributions in the medical field with the help of innovative designing and smart manufacturing system. It efficientlymanufactures

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complex shape medical implants with a wide variety of materials that make surgeon job easier with minimum risk. Surgeons and doctors can convert a need/idea into reality which provides a comprehensive opportunity for the manufacturing of modified medical implant asper requirement of the patient. To save cost and time of surgery, it enhances the opportunities to create a new innovative medical product which can also be helpful for research &development purposes. Industry 4.0 provides excellent flexibility to create smart industrial and medical models which help to improve communication between doctors and patients. It uses the innovative concept of holography and virtual reality. It reduces risk and analyses the data of the patient to increase the overall performance. Industry 4.0uses different innovative devices that can quickly detect the glucose, sugar and cholesterol level of the patient.10. Future scope. In future, Industry 4.0 will show opportunities for innovation using integrated innovative design, manufacturing and services. During research and development, it will play a significant role to achieve the requirement of medical. In future, Industry 4.0 will move towards mass production systems and adapt to the world-class manufacturing system. It enables to create smarter medical products in lesser time and cost. This revolution will change all management and treatment system of the patient. With the help of smart manufacturing technologies, medical students can be well trained to detect problems and correlate them to take future action. With the help of smart technologies, data from different patients are collected and analysed. Industry 4.0 offers new opportunities that create innovations by bringing new tools, devices and implants as per patient match. Different challenges regarding price, speed and complexity can be easily solved. The hospital will also change its way to purchase different tools and devices. By the use of the different device, it can monitor calorific intake. It can become a new path that helps to treat an illness such as diabetes, asthma anda r t h r i t i s .

Industry 4.0 strongly encourages smart manufacturing andi n - f o r m a t i o n system by which medical field can take significant advantage of this new revolution. It produces high-quality medical devices and components using advanced manufacturingtechniquest o me et thedemandofeachpatient. Inthemedical field,

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it can help to increase overall performance by providing a digitally controlled management system to the patients. It effectively adopts mass customisation which fulfils the primary requirements. This revolution has a better impact on the environment by reducing wastage of material and human efforts with the help of various advanced manufacturing facilities. It provides precise surgery to the patient by the applications of additive manufacturing, sensors, holography, robots, AI, big data and IoT devices. There are various unique requirements for fulfilled Industry 4.0, such as bringing upon innovation with the help of holography and visual reality. Doctors and surgeons can take advantages of this revolution for research, development and excellent service to the patient. In the upcoming years, it will provide disruptive innovations to the medicalfield.

<b>1.3. Overview of healthcare system in Vietnam</b>

Vietnam health care system comprises by four administrative levels of health establishments: central level, provincial level, district level and commune level. Outline of the Vietnamese health system, there have been 21health facilities in central level including the Ministry of Health, 64 provincial departments of health, 622district departments and 10,917 commune health centers (CHCs).The Ministry of Health of Vietnam, the govern-mental agency and the leading organization in central level, is responsible for the care and protection of people’s health including issuing law and other legal documents for health care and protection. This organization also has duties in making long-term plans and strategies for the further development of the health sectors. Provincial, district and commune health facilities are under the competence management of the Ministry of Health and responsible for the implementation and development of health care services in corresponding level. In these levels, the people’s committee is responsible for allocating finance and human resource, while provincial or district health department is responsible for professional the supervising and monitoring of Ministry of Health. Provincial and district health department also have duties in supporting people’s committee in corresponding level in term of health care and protection for people. Commune health centers provided a range of basic services, such as: mother andchild health

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care, family planning, treatment for acute respiratory infections, immunization and treatment of common ailments. About thirty years after the establishment oft he health care system, an extensive network of commune health center has been structured throughout the country, based on population distribution and geo- graphical condition. Although mountainous and remote areas are allowed more CHCs, some areas still lack of health care services, not only because of their difficulties in geographic issues, but also because of their lack of attractiveness for health workers. Although public health system in communes is well established with health workers available in100% of health facilities most of out-patients has chosen private health sectors and self-treatment rather than public health facilities. Result from a previous study showed that even service quality of public health sector is better than that of private health sector however, people more often choose private health sector because the easier accessibility derived from the higher number of private health facilities in commune level. Low quality of health service in private health facilities revealed that there are needs of comprehensive and consensus management system in health care quality monitoring, especially in private health sector, in order to assure the equality for people who have accessed to health care services. Health management information system, a powerful tool for managing, organizing and planning of the health care system in multiple levels,isnecessary for the development of a health care system. At the present, reports of the health care system in Viet Nam are mostly paper-based and manually created. There-fore, it is difficult for managers and policy makers to analyze and receive the accurate data about the healthcare system. In such an inefficient system, health workers in lower levels have

higherlevels;thisprocesssoftentakestimeandsometimesbecomeirrelevant.Thus , there is a certain need of a computerized, universal and comprehensivehealth management information system for all health facilities in all levels for the better administering and planning the health care system.

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<b>CHAPTER 2- OPPORTUNITIES OF INDUSTRY 4.O FORHEALTHCARE SECTOR IN VIETNAM</b>

<b>2.1 Vietnam under Industry 4.0</b>

The country’s big potential in IT and large smart phone penetration are the key enablers for Vietnam to develop its digital economy. However, a national strategy for 4.0 and sturdy policies in favour of the business community to apply IT solutions is in an urgent need. Opening Viet Nam up to industry 4.0 Vietnam’s Industry 4.0 strategy will need a completed legal framework. One of the biggest questions raised was whether Vietnam is now lagging behind the global digital economic waves created by Industry 4.0. “How will the country seize the vast opportunities given by Industry 4.0 to develop its digital economy to reach into its own immense potential?” Over the past few years there have been almost no specific policies and actions for developing a digital economy in Vietnam. “For example, in the public administration, programmes on e-government, e-tourism or e-healthcare have failed to be implemented effectively. “A legal framework on applying IT or developing smart solutions has not been implemented either. There has been a gap between policy and action, and while the concept of 4.0 has been widely talked about, few actions have been made – even as the country is bursting with opportunities to develop a digital economy.” Digital economy refers to an economy that is based on digital computingte ch no lo gi e s. The digital economy is surging in Vietnam, creating major changes in business methods. Vietnam has great opportunities to develop a digital economy because it has immense potential. Google and Singapore’s Temasek valuing Vietnam’s digital market at $3 billion in 2015 and $9 billionin2018, and estimated it to rise to $30 billion by 2025. Meanwhile, a recent study by Data 61, Australia’s data innovation network, showed that Vietnam’s GDP could rise by an additional $162 billion within 20 years if Vietnam succeeded in digital transformation. According to the Asia Internet Coalition (AIC), with a population of nearly 100 million people, Vietnam is among the few nations in Southeast Asia with the highest

digitaltransformation.Currently,Vietnam hasmorethan136million mobilephone

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subscribers and 54.2 per cent of the population are connected to broad-band wire- based Internet. Vietnam is also one of 17 nations in the world with the biggest number of Internet users. The Vietnamese government aims to turn the country into oneofthe10largestnationsintheworldproducingsoftwareanddigitalcontent.

We think this target will be easily reached thanks to Vietnam’s strong telecommunications industry.

Vietnam’s online advertising market and e-commerce are also developing strongly. According to the Vietnam E-Commerce Association, the country’s e-commerce market is estimated to be over $5 billion now and can double over the next four years,. The impact of the Internet on the economy is estimated to be equivalent to 2- 3 per cent of the GDP, which may increase to 40-50 per cent in thefuture.

At a recent workshop on unlocking the full potential of Vietnam’s digital economy in Hanoi, Quint Simon, head of Public Policy in Southeast Asia at Amazon Web Services (AWS), surprised hundreds of business leaders and experts by announcing that Vietnam is one of the nations with the fastest growth of 64 per cent per annum in spending on cloud computing. AWS is a subsidiary of Amazon.com that provides on-demand cloud computing platforms to individuals, companies, and governments. “I believe that in the near future Vietnam will develop a digital economy successfully. Cloud computing is a favourite in Vietnam, with many enterprises using it,” Simon said, explaining that with the cloud, businesses can completely protect their information and prevent it from being stolen. “For example, Amanotes, a fast-growing app publisher, currently has hundreds of millions of users. Itistypical of Vietnamese businesses with cloud computing,” Simon continued. “In another case, Masan is also using cloud to manage its stores in Vietnam. It has been a big trend that many Vietnamese agencies and enterprises are seeking our support in cloudapplications.”

National strategy for 4.0

Deputy Minister Thang said that in order for Vietnam to seize opportunities and facilitate enterprises to benefit from Industry 4.0, the Ministry of Planning and

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Investment (MPI) is compiling a national strategy on Industry 4.0, which will clarify what the digital economy means, with specific tasks for ministries and agencies. The strategy’s prime targets are to grab opportunities arising from Industry 4.0, increase the country’s GDP and employment, and attract more high- quality foreign direct investment. “With this strategy, Vietnam stands ready to receive new technologies. However, the country will have to adapt many policies to Industry 4.0,” said Nguyen Thi Tue Anh, vice head of the MPI’s Central Institute for Economic Management (CIEM) whichisdrafting thes t r a t e g y .

Under the CIEM’s study on the draft, Industry 4.0 would likely raise Vietnam’s GDP by $28.5-62.1 billion, equivalent to a rise of 7-16 per cent, from now to 2030. “The benefits for Vietnam will be huge, far higher than those from the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership, which will increase Vietnam’s GDP by 1.32 per cent by 2035,” said Dang Quang Vinh, deputy chief of the CIEM’s Department of Business Environment and Competitiveness. “Besides, Vietnam will be able to generate 1.3-3.1 million new jobs by 2030 thanks to Industry 4.0,” said Vinh, who is one of the drafters of the strategy. “However, these benefits will only materialise if we have more sturdy policies in favour of the business community.” According to the CIEM, if medium- level technologies are applied, Vietnam’s Industry 4.0 strategy will likely enable the country to see strong growth in many key economic sectors by 2030 such as manufacturing (16 per cent), wholesale and retail (20 per cent or $9.5 billion), agro- forestry-fishery (12 per cent or $6 billion), supply of electricity, gas, and air conditioning (23 per cent), and finance-banking-insurance (14 per cent or $3.5 billion). For example, the manufacturing sector will grow by an additional $7-14 billion based on new technology applications, while the communications and industry sector will climb 77 per cent, or an additional $2.5 billion compared to the scenario where the country fails to follow Industry 4.0. According to the CIEM, new industries arising from Industry 4.0 “will be the key growth propellants for Vietnam, such as the Internet of Things and media. They will also supportother

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sectors by raising their competitiveness, revenue, and developing new products and services.” The new industries will include e-commerce ($40 billion in revenue by 2030), Artificial Intelligence ($420 million), data analysis ($730 million), cloud computing ($2.2 billion), ride-hailing ($2.2 billion), and fintech ($1.5 billion). Currently, many nations have been developing their Fourth Industrial Revolution strategies, such as Made in China 2025; Japan Resuscitation Strategy; Malaysia’s My-i4.0; Singapore’s 23 plans on digital transformation; India’s Smart City Mission and Industry 4.0 Centre; Indonesia’s Making Indonesia 4.0; and Thailand 4.0. “Industry 4.0 offers great opportunities to Vietnam without which, the country will continue lagging behind other nations,” said the CIEM study. “Taking advantage of Industry 4.0 is the shortest way for Vietnam to turn itself into a modern and affluent nation, and develop into a modern industrial nation in the shortest time. Thus, the country needs to mobilise all necessary resources to implement its Industry 4.0 strategy.”

A proper legal framework

At the Vietnam Private Sector Economic Forum 2019 last week, CIEM deputy director Nguyen Duc Hieu said that it would be difficult to develop a sturdy legal framework to regulate activities related to the digital economy. “For example, if an unmanned car causes an accident, who will be largely responsible? Is it the car, the software owner, the car owner or even road designers? We will have to have suitable laws for such cases,” Hieu said. According to Minister of Information and Communications Nguyen Manh Hung, several key foundations need to be developed to create an effective digital economy in Vietnam. “When we dare to accept new things, new technologies and global talent will come to Vietnam and new industries will appear,” Hung said. “Then Vietnam will be abletocreate digital products that can be exported.” “However, if we dare to accept new things but only follow other nations, we will not be able to create many added-value products,” Hung continued. According to him, the digital economy in Vietnam must be supportedb y a g o o d I C T i n f r a s t r u c t u r e c h a r a c t e r i s e d b y 5 G t e c h n o l o g y a n d e a c h

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person in the country owning a smartphone. “Second, we need to have good policies to spur digital economy and technology. Internet in Vietnam must be globally competitive so that Vietnamese people will not go overseas to establish their enterprises any longer and more foreign enterprises will come to Vietnam to do business,” he said. “Third, the government needs to develop an initial market for IT enterprises by spending more on IT products and e-government,” Hung added. “Finally, human resources training needs a boost in foreign languages and IT education in schools anduniversities.”

<b>2.2. Healthcare digital technology inVietnam</b>

<i><b>2.2.1 Vietnam proposes the route of making hospitalsintelligent</b></i>

The Ministry of Health has unveiled a roadmap for digitising patients’ records at hospitals and setting up smart hospitals, a conference heard in HCM City on Wednesday. Assoc Prof Dr Pham Le Tuan, a former Deputy Minister of Health, said: “The smart hospital approach is an inevitable choice in Viet Nam to improve the quality of healthcare to achieve customer satisfaction and ensure security, safety and efficiency in hospital management.” The fourth industrial revolution has been changing the face of the world and the lives of people in all fields in positive and promising ways, he said. “Healthcare is therefore also greatly affected by the application of new techniques and technologies such as AI, expert systems, the internet of things, and big data to create information management systems and powerful applications that effectively support the management in medical as well as professional work”. Many hospitals in the country have adopted health information technology systems such as electronic medical records, e-Health and telemedicine, he said. A system to share data on treatment covered by health insurance between health facilities around the country has been set up, he said. Health data is a valuable asset, especially for medical science, with its complex characteristics and increasing volumes, and so there is need for a plan and strategy to manage and exploit it, he added. Nguyen The Dung, vice chairman of the Viet Nam Health Economics Association (VHEA), said globally digitization has created great transformationinthehealthcareindustry,improvingitsquality andefficiency.“AI,

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internet of things, big data, block chain, cloud computing, and other digital technologies make hospitals smarter and smarter.” According to professor Vo Van Toi, head of the School of Biomedical Engineering at the International University under the Viet Nam National University HCM City, telemedicine is an appropriate way to develop smart healthcare, especially for low- and middle-income countries. His school has developed the internet of things for healthcare including point-of- care devices that patients can use at home or anywhere else to measure their vital signs, websites and apps to record and notify family members and physicians to assist the latter in monitoring and immediately taking care of the patient if necessary, servers to stores data, and software for connecting the above devices and persons and analysing data, he said. A clinical trial of the system was funded by the Binh Duong Province Department of Health and a medical centre for public servants in the province. The 1st International Health Informatics Conference Towards Smart Hospital was held by VHEA and the School of Industrial Management affiliated to

<i><b>2.2.2 Health ID issued tocitizens</b></i>

Each person will have a unique health ID. HA NOI — Each Vietnamese citizen will be issued with a unique health ID card, which they will be able to use throughout their lives, according to the Ministry of Health. The ID will be automatically generated through the general identification system of the ministry and used to identify individuals for healthcare services. Each ID will have a series of characters, of which the first ten are unique to the holder. The numbers are based on basic personal information including name, year of birth and place of birth. According to the regulation issued by the health ministry on creating, using and managing health IDs, each healthcare facility will have an account to access the national health identification system. If the facilities are not connected with the system, healthcare staff must access the website of the national health identification system and search for the details of each patient. The ID cards will be able to create and connect health reports for patients nationwide. Healthcare facilitiesare

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responsible for managing the IDs and have to ensure the security of personal information and the national system. The health identifications are managed through the national health identification system located at the healthcare data centre at the Information Technology Department under the health ministry. The database of the national health identification system will be linked with the database of households signing up for the social security scheme.

<i><b>2.2.3 Digitalisation of healthcare feild, double-edgedsword</b></i>

Digitisation of the healthcare sector is important to better serve patients, but hacking by cybercriminals is a grave risk, and great efforts are needed to keep patient information secure. HCM CITY — The development of technologies such as 4G, 5G, internet of things and artificial intelligence has rapidly changed the healthcare sector’s landscape globally, including in Viet Nam, with more organisations adopting digitisation, according to experts. The goal is to have multiple affiliated organisations sharing patients’ digitised medical records to provide more holistic healthcare. Many healthcare institutions are also using smart equipment to carry out conventional tasks. For example, various devices measuring vital signs today are directly connected to the hospital’s systems. Once measurements are taken, the data is incorporated directly in the patient’s medical records without the need for manual intervention. New technologies have enabled the healthcare industry to carry out remote operations. For instance, earlier this year, a surgeon in China successfully carried out an operation remotely. Digitisation across the healthcare industry has helped service providers improve the quality of care and accelerate medical breakthroughs for better patient outcomes and mitigate the rising cost of healthcare. The Vietnamese Government is also supporting the digitalisation of healthcare, launching projects to encourage and enable digital health solutions to be adopted around the country. According to the Ministry of Health, all healthcare establishments will complete digitisation of medical records by 2030. According to the Australian Trade and Investment Commission (Austrade) Viet Nam, Viet Nam’s economic growth, health-conscious population and fast-developing 4G and 5G infrastructure provide the perfect environment fordigital

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health solutions. There is strong interest in telemedicine and advanced technologies and systems that can improve decision making, improve operational efficiency and enhance patient care and experience, it said. Yeo Siang Tiong, general manager of Kaspersky Lab Southeast Asia, said most hospitals were in the first stage of digital transformation, digitising simple data such as patient records, personal information, past diagnosis, and medicine. But the digitization of the healthcare industry had led to a massive increase in the number of targeted attacks against the sector, he said. “The healthcare sector tracks a person’s medical history, personal information, sometimes they also track who their parents are, and genetic conditions that pass down from parents to child. “Some of this information is actually worth more than a bank card.” In addition, "the sectorisless protected than sectors such as banking and finance," he said. In the healthcare industry, cyber security should not be taken slightly because any issue could be a matter of “life and death,” he warned. “What would happen when you need to treat a patient in an emergency room, but the information is suddenly not available. It is a life and death situation. It is actually very dangerous.” At a recent conference on cybersecurity in the healthcare sector, experts said the consequences of a breach could be quite detrimental since healthcare records are highly personal and sensitive in nature. If patients’ records were stolen, their private data could be traded on the dark web to be exploited by cybercriminals for scams and frauds, and worse still it could cause tremendous trauma to the patients, they said. Yeo said to protect the healthcare industry from cybercrimes, it was very important to “raise security awareness not just among IT workers but also users of the equipment, doctors, nurses, and healthcare workers.” "A lot of hospitals do not have chief security information officers," he said, suggesting that they should focus on developing human resources to ensure cyber security, he said. The healthcare sector is a critical one, and therefore hospitals, public and private, should start drafting regulations to address the rising threats, according toYeo.

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<i><b>2.2.4 Affairs on high-teach healthcare complex beginning inHanoi</b></i>

The first phase of a hi-tech healthcare complex, expected to cost more than 1 billion USD, kicked off in Hanoi’s outskirt Dong Anh district on October 14.

Hanoi (VNA) – The first phase of a hi-tech healthcare complex, expected to cost more than 1 billion USD, kicked off in Hanoi’s outskirt Dong Anh district on October 14. The 40ha complex, invested by TH Group, is divided into two stages with the first slated for completion in the second quarter of 2022, providing 300 beds. The second stage is expected to be finished in 2025, raising the number of beds to 1,000. The TH Medical complex will include five main areas that are an e- prevention centre, an international hospital, a wellness and rehabilitation centre, an international R&D centre and a geriatric centre and nursing home. Addressing the groundbreaking ceremony, Chairman of the Hanoi People’s Committee Nguyen Duc Chung highlighted the significance of the project in improving healthcare servicesforlocal residents, pledging that the city will support the implementation of the project. During the ceremony, the TH Group and TH Medical signed a cooperation agreement with Keio University and Keio Hospital of Japan on collaboration in the project’s management, operation and personnel exchange. Statistics from the Ministry of Health revealed that healthcare spending accounts for approximately 7 percent of the country’s annual GDP. People’s spending on overseas medical treatment reached nearly 2 billionUSD.

Doctor Anywhere partners with ViettelPay, part of Vietnam's largest mobile network operator Viettel, to become the 1st telco and payment gateway to provide online healthcare services

HANOI, Vietnam, Oct. 21, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- Doctor Anywhere (DA) and ViettelPay, part of Vietnam's largest mobile carrier Viettel, have signed a strategic cooperation agreement to bring a full suite of online healthcare services to ViettelPay's more than 6 million registered users throughout Vietnam. ViettelPay's customers will be able to directly connect to Doctor Anywhere's virtual clinic and consult a locally-registered doctor, as well as access a range of wellness services directly on the ViettelPay App. Payment for doctor consultation, medication, and

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