unit 2 networking infrastructure

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<b>ASSIGNMENT FRONT SHEET </b>

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<b>Part 1 </b>

The submission is in the form of an individual written report. This should be written in a concise, formal business style using single spacing and font size 12. You are required to make use of headings, paragraphs and subsections as appropriate, and all work must be supported with research and referenced using the Harvard referencing system. Please also provide a bibliography using the Harvard referencing system. The recommended word limit is 2,000 2,500 words, although you will not be penalized for exceeding –the total word limit.

<small>• </small> Evidence of an implemented network.

You are required to make use of headings, paragraphs, subsections and illustrations as appropriate, and all work must be supported with research and referenced using the Harvard referencing system.

<b>Unit Learning Outcomes </b>

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LO1: Examine networking principles and their protocols. LO 2: Explain networking devices and operations. LO3: Design efficient networked systems. LO4: Implement and diagnose networked systems.

Resources: 50 student lab computers, 35 staff computers, 3 printers

Building: 3 floors, all computers and printers are on the ground floor apart from the IT labs one lab located on the first floor –and another located on the second floor

As a first task, the CEO of the company Mr. Nguyen has asked you to investigate and explain networking principles, protocols and devices and submit a report.

Part 1

You will need to produce a report that includes the following: 1. An introduction to provide an overview of your report.

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2. Benefits and constraints of different types of networks and networking standards. 3. The impact of network topology, speed of communication and bandwidth requirements. 4. Effectiveness of networking systems.

5. Discussion on operating principles of networking devices and server types and networking software. 6. Discuss the relationship of workstation hardware with networking software.

7. Explore a range of server types and justify the selection of a server, considering a given scenario regarding cost and performance optimization.

8. For the given specification, identify the topology protocol for the efficient utilization of a networking system.

The CEO Mr. Nguyen is happy with your first report and now he has asked you to analyze the specification from the institution, as given earlier.

You need to design and implement the networking project within a given timeframe:

Part 2 Design efficient networked systems

1. Prepare a written step-by-step plan of how you are going to design a Local Area Network including a blueprint of your LAN. 2. Justify your choice of devices for your network design.

3. Produce a test plan to evaluate this design for the requirements of bandwidth and cost constraints as per user specifications. 4. Justify the security requirements and quality of services needed for selection of accessories.

5. Suggest a maintenance schedule to support the networked system.

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Part 3 Implement test and diagnose networked systems

1. Implement a networked system based on your prepared design.

2. Conduct verification with e.g. Ping, extended ping, trace route, telnet, SSH, etc. 3. Record the test results and analyze these against expected results.

4. Investigate what functionalities would allow the system to support device growth and the addition of communication devices.

5. Discuss the significance of upgrades and security requirements in your recommendations.

<b>ASSESMENT CRITERIA </b>

<b>Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria </b>

<b>LO1 Examine networking principles and their protocols </b>

<b>LO1 & 2 </b>

<b>D1 Considering a given scenario, identify </b>

the topology protocol selected for the

<b>P1 </b> Discuss the benefits and constraints of different network types

<b>M1 Compare common networking principles </b>

and how protocols enable the effectiveness of networked systems.

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<b>P2 Explain the impact of network </b>

topology, communication and bandwidth requirements.

efficient utilization of a networking system.

<b>LO2 Explain networking devices and operations </b>

<b>P3 Discuss the operating principles of </b>

networking devices and server types.

<b>P4 Discuss the inter-dependence of </b>

workstation hardware with relevant networking software.

<b>M2 Explore a range of server types and justify </b>

the selection of a server, considering a given scenario regarding cost and performance optimisation.

<b>LO3 Design efficient networked systems </b>

<b>P5 Provide a logical/physical design of </b>

the networked system with clear explanation and addressing table.

<b>P6 Evaluate the design to meet the </b>

requirements.

<b>M3 Install and configure network services and </b>

applications on your choice.

<b>D2 Design a maintenance schedule to </b>

support the networked system.

<b>LO4 Implement and diagnose networked systems </b>

<b>P7 Implement a networked system </b>

based on a prepared design.

<b>M4 Recommend potential enhancements for </b>

the networked systems.

<b>D3 Use critical reflection to evaluate own </b>

work and justify valid conclusions.

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<b>P8 Document and analyse test results </b>

against expected results.

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<b>Contents </b>

Introduction ... 11

I. Discuss the benefits and constraints of different network types and standards (P1). ... 11

1. Define network: ... 11

2. Network type (MAN, WAN, LAN etc.) ... 11

3. Protocol and Standards: ... 13

4. Network protocol definition ... 16

II. Network topology & communication and Bandwidth requirements (P2) ... 17

1. Network topology definition. ... 17

2. Discuss the Impact of topology ... 17

3. Examples of topology with diagrams: ... 17

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4. Communication and Bandwidth: ... 24

III. Discuss the operating principles of networking devices and server types (P3) ... 25

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1. Discuss 1 or 2 operating principles of a selected network device ... 25

2. List network devices:... 27

3. List server types: ... 32

IV. Discuss the inter-dependence of workstation hardware with relevant networking software (P4) ... 38

1. Explain what is meant by interdependencies: ... 38

2. Give examples of interdependency: ... 38

3. Define workstation hardware: ... 38

4. Define networking software: ... 39

5. Discuss and explain the interdepencies of workstation hardware with networking software. Derive an example form your discussion: ... 39

Conclusion ... 39

References ... 39

List of Figures Figure 1. What is LAN? (source: thicongdiennhe.vn) ... 11

Figure 2. What is WAN? (source: totolink.vn) ... 12

Figure 3. What is MAN? (source: www.geeksforgeeks.org) ... 13

Figure 4. Protocol (source: www.geeksforgeeks.org) ... 14

Figure 5: OSI model (source: www.imperva.com) ... 15

Figure 6. TCP/IP model (source: www.geeksforgeeks.org) ... 16

Figure 7. Partially Connected Mesh Topology (guru99.com) ... 18

Figure 8. Fully Connected Mesh Topology (source: guru99.com) ... 18

Figure 9. Star Topology Diagram (source: guru99.com) ... 20

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Figure 12. Tree Topology (source: guru99.com) ... 23

Figure 13. Hybrid Topology (source: guru99.com) ... 24

Figure 14. Router (source: cmcdistribution.com.vn) ... 26

Figure 15. Operating principle (source: ezr23.outdoorrouter.xyz) ... 26

Figure 16. Switch (source: www.bhphotovideo.com) ... 27

Figure 17. Router (source: hexus.net) ... 28

Figure 18. Access point (source: www.novatech.co.uk) ... 29

Figure 19. Hub (source: au.targus.com) ... 30

Figure 20. Gateway (source: www.allo.com) ... 31

Figure 21. Bridge (source: www.dcbnet.com) ... 31

Figure 22. Repeater (source: acradiocom.com) ... 32

Figure 23. Application Server (source: educba.com) ... 33

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Figure 24. Client-server (source: www.itrelease.com) ... 33

Figure 25. Colaboration Servers ... 34

Figure 26. Mail Servers (source: senpai- -solutions.blogspot.com) it ... 34

Figure 27. FTP Servers (source: laptrinhx.com) ... 35

Figure 28: Proxy Servers (source: www.jcount.com) ... 35

Figure 29. Telnet Servers (source: techinforockz.blogspot.com) ... 36

Figure 30. Real Time Communication Server (source: www.oreilly.com) ... 36

Figure 31. Open-Source Servers (source: www.ictinnovations.com) ... 37

Figure 32. Web Server (source: topdev.vn) ... 37

Figure 33. Virtual Servers (source: www.lisbonlx.com) ... 38

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Introduction

In this Assignment 1 document, we will learn the basic knowledge and definitions of Networking, the devices used in Networking.

I. Discuss the benefits and constraints of different network types

I. Discuss the benefits and constraints of different network types and standards (P1). and standards (P1).

<b>1. Define network: </b>

• A network consists of two or further computers that are linked in order to partake coffers (similar as printers and CDs), exchange lines, or allow electronic dispatches. The computers on a network may be linked through lines, telephone lines, radio swells, satellites, or infrared light shafts.

<b>2. Network type (MAN, WAN, LAN etc.) </b>

<small>• </small> LAN: A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network that's confined to a fairly small area. It's generally limited to a geographic area similar as a jotting lab, academy, or structure.

Figure 1. What is LAN? (source: thicongdiennhe.vn)

<small>o </small> Benefit of LAN:

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+ Resource Participating LAN provides resource participating similar as computer coffers like printers, scanners, modems, DVD- ROM drives, and hard disks can be participated within the connected bias. This reduces cost and tackle purchases. + Software Applications participating In a Original Area Network, it's easy to use the same software in a number of computers connected to a network rather of copping the independently certified software for each customer a network. + Easy and Cheap Communication Data and dispatches can fluently be participated with the other computer connected to the network.

+ Centralized Data The data of all network druggies can be stored on a hard fragment of the central/ garỗon computer. This help druggies to use any computer in a network to pierce the needed data.

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+ Data Security Since data is stored on the garỗon computer, it'll be easy to manage data at only one place and the data will be more secure too.

+ Internet participating Original Area Network provides the installation to partake a single internet connection among all the LAN druggies. In academy labs and internet Cafes, single internet connection is used to give internet to all connected computers.

<small>o </small> Constraint of LAN:

+ Expensive Initial Setup Cost: Because specific software is needed to create a server, the initial setup costs of deploying Local Area Networks are high. Additionally, communication tools like switches, hubs, routers, and cables are expensive.

+ Privacy Infractions: The LAN administrator has access to all LAN users' personal data files and can review them. Additionally, he has access to the LAN user's internet and computer history. Data Security Threat: If a server hard drive is not adequately protected by the LAN administrator, unauthorized users may get access to critical data of a workplace or school.

<small>• </small> WAN: A wide area network (WAN) is a type of communication system that connects huge geographic regions, including cities, states, and nations. WAN may be utilized as a private network to link together areas of a business or it can be left in public mode to allow LAN connections.

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Figure 2. What is WAN? (source: totolink.vn)

<small>o </small> Benefit of WAN:

+ Covers large geographical area + Centralized data

+ Get updated files and data

+ A lot of application to exchange messages + Sharing of software and resources

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+ Server down and disconnection issue

<small>• </small> MAN: A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a type of computer network that links computers in an area with many buildings, such as a single big metropolis, several smaller cities, or any other sizeable region.

Figure 3 What is MAN? (source: www.geeksforgeeks.org) .

<small>o </small> Benefit of MAN: + Less Expensive + Sending Local Emails + High Speed than WA + Sharing of the Internet

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+ Conversion of LAN to MAN is Easy + High Security

<small>o </small> Constraint of MAN

+ Need More wires

<b>3. Protocol and Standards: </b>

<small>• </small> Communication:

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Figure 14. Router (source: cmcdistribution.com.vn)Operating principle:

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Figure 15. Operating principle (source: ezr23.outdoorrouter.xyz)

- In order to operate and transmit Wi-Fi in the area of usage, a Wi-Fi router must first connect to a modem. The Internet connection provided by the network provider will be connected to this modem. A network cable will connect the primary modem's LAN port to the Wi-Fi router through either the WAN or LAN ports, depending on the operating mode you choose.

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Each device on the network has its own IP address, thus the router will help in precisely routing and transferring signals in the internet environment.

-The Wi-Fi router's data transfer mechanism is swift, seamless, and uninterrupted when utilizing Internet services.

- The Wi-Fi router will be in charge of sending packets (packets) between two or more network systems. It is a Wi-Fi hotspot that makes it possible for computers, TVs, and other receiving devices to connect to each other wirelessly.

<b>2. List network devices: </b>

Basic network devices include 7 main types: Switch, Router, Access point, Hub, Gateway, Bridge, and Repeater

-Switch: A switch, often known as a switchboard, is a device that connects devices or small networks. The switch is likewise a bridge, however it has more ports and a significantly higher processing speed than the bridge. Switches have several segments that are connected back-to-back depending on the port number on the switch and perform more functions than bridges, such as VLAN creation. Layer 2 of the OSI model switch operation.

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Figure 16. Switch (source: www.bhphotovideo.com)

-Router: A router is a device that operates at layer 3 of the OSI model and is responsible for connecting two or more IP networks.

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Figure 17. Router (source: hexus.net)

-Access point: Access points are devices that transmit wifi and establish a wireless network, also known as a WLAN. To broadcast WiFi, these devices are linked to a wired router, switch, or hub through an Ethernet connector.

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Figure 18. Access point (source: www.novatech.co.uk)

-Hub: A hub is a device that amplifies a signal and functions as a multi-port repeater. When one port on the hub receives information, it is instantaneously sent to the other ports.

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Figure 19. Hub (source: au.targus.com)

-Gateway: A gateway is a device that connects networks that utilize various protocols, such as IP networks to networks that use IPX, Novell, DEC net, or SNA protocols... Computers in networks that use various protocols can readily connect with one another.

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Figure 20. Gateway (source: www.allo.com)

-Bridge: A bridge is a network device that links two small networks together to build a bigger network. Bridges operate at OSI layer 2.

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Figure 21. Bridge (source: www.dcbnet.com)

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-Repeater: A repeater is a signal amplifier that ensures the signal may be delivered further without being diminished.

Figure 22. Repeater (source: acradiocom.com)

<b>3. List server types: </b>

A server is a piece of computer hardware or software that allows other applications and devices to run. Servers offer a variety of functions, known as services, such as exchanging data or resources across numerous clients or doing calculation for customers. Numerous

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