Handbook of Microbiological Media, Fourth Edition part 15 docx

Aolpha Medium 135
Yeast extract 10.0g
Na
2
HPO
4
1.0g
pH 6.0 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Source: This medium is available as a premixed powder from Hi-
Media.
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring
to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15
psi pressure–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes.
Use: For for testing antimycotic sensitivity by the diffusion method.
AO Agar
Composition per liter:
Agar 11.0g
Sodium acetate 0.5g
Pancreatic digest of casein 0.5g
Yeast extract 0.5g
Beef extract 0.2g
pH 7.2 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring
to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15
psi pressure–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes.
Use: For the isolation and cultivation of Cytophaga species, Herpeto-
siphon species, Saprospira species, and Flexithrix species.
AO Agar
Composition per liter:

Agar 4.0g
Sodium acetate 0.5g
Pancreatic digest of casein 0.5g
Yeast extract 0.5g
Beef extract 0.2g
pH 7.2 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring
to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15
psi pressure–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes.
Use: For the maintenance of Cytophaga species, Herpetosiphon spe-
cies, Saprospira species, and Flexithrix species.
AOAC Letheen Broth
(Association of Official Analytical Chemists
Letheen Broth)
Composition per liter:
Peptic digest of animal tissue 10.0g
Polysorbate 80 5.0g
NaCl 5.0g
Beef extract 5.0g
Lecithin 0.7g
pH 7.0 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Source: This medium is available as a premixed powder from BD Di-
agnostic Systems.
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring
to boiling. Distribute into tubes in 10.0mL volumes. Autoclave for 15
min at 15 psi pressure–121°C.
Use: For the determination of phenol coefficients of disinfectant prod-
ucts containing cationic surface-active materials. Use according to

Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical
Chemists (AOAC).
Aolpha Medium
Composition per 1041.0mL:
NaCl 100.0g
Agar 15.0g
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 9.5g
MgCl
2
·6H
2
O 5.0g
KCl 5.0g
Peptone 5.0g
Yeast extract 1.0g
CaCl
2
·2H
2
O 0.2g
(NH
4
)
2
SO
4

0.1g
KNO
3
0.1g
Metals solution 20.0mL
Phosphate solution 20.0mL
Vitamin solution 1.0mL
pH 7.0 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Metals Solution:
Composition
per liter:
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 29.7g
Nitrilotriacetic acid 10.0g
CaCl
2
·2H
2
O 3.3g
FeSO
4
·7H
2
O 99.0mg
Na
2
MoO

4
·2H
2
O 12.7mg
Metals “44” 50.0mL
Preparation of Metals Solution: Solubilize nitrilotriacetic acid
with KOH. Dissolve remaining ingredients. Adjust pH to 7.2 with
KOH or H
2
SO
4
. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Add
aseptically to sterile basal medium.
Metals “44”:
Composition
per 100.0mL:
ZnSO
4
·7H
2
O 1.1g
FeSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.5g
EDTA 0.25g
MnSO
4
·7H

2
O 0.154g
CuSO
4
·5H
2
O 0.04g
Co(NO
3
)
2
·6H
2
O 0.025g
Na
2
B
4
O
7
·10H
2
O 0.018g
Preparation of Metals “44”: Add components to distilled/deion-
ized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Autoclave
for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Add aseptically to sterile basal
medium.
Phosphate Solution:
Composition
per liter:

K
2
HPO
4
2.5g
KH
2
PO
4
2.5g
Preparation of Phosphate Solution: Add components to dis-
tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Au-
toclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Add aseptically to sterile
basal medium.
Vitamin Solution:
Composition
per liter:
Pyridoxine·HCl 10.0mg
Calcium pantothenate 5.0mg
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
136 Aphanomyces Synthetic Medium
Nicotinamide 5.0mg
Riboflavin 5.0mg
Thiamine·HCl 5.0mg
Biotin 2.0mg
Folic acid 2.0mg
Cyanocobalamin 0.1mg
Preparation of Vitamin Solution: Add components to distilled/
deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Filter ster-
ilize and add aseptically to sterile basal medium.

Preparation of Medium: Add components—except Metals “44”,
phosphate solution, and vitamin solution—to distilled/deionized water
and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to
boiling. Adjust pH of basal medium to 7.0. Autoclave for 15 min at 15
psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 50°C and aseptically add the Metals “44”,
phosphate, and vitamin solutions.
Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Halomonas meridiana
and other Halomonas species.
Aphanomyces Synthetic Medium
Composition per liter:
D-Glucose 5.0g
KH
2
PO
4
2.0g
L-Asparagine 0.75g
MgCl
2
0.05g
FeCl
3
5.0mg
MnCl
2
5.0mg
ZnCl
2
5.0mg
L-Methionine 0.02mg

pH 5.5 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Autoclave for 15 min
at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Adjust pH to 5.5. Aseptically distribute into
sterile tubes or flasks.
Use: For the cultivation of Aphanomyces species.
Aplanobacterium Medium
Composition per liter:
Agar 20.0g
Glucose 10.0g
Peptone 5.0g
Yeast extract 5.0g
pH 7.2 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring
to boiling. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Pour into
sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes.
Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Xanthomonas species.
Apple Juice Yeast Extract Medium
(AJYE Medium)
Composition per 1200.0mL:
Agar 30.0g
Yeast extract 10.0g
Apple juice 1.0L
pH 4.8 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Preparation of Medium: Add yeast extract to 1.0L of apple juice.
Mix thoroughly. Adjust pH to 4.8. Autoclave for 10 min at 9 psi pres-
sure–114°C. Cool to 45°–50°C. In a separate flask, add agar to
200.0mL of distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix
thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Autoclave for 15 min at

15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 45°–50°C. Aseptically combine the
sterile apple juice solution with the sterile agar solution. Mix thorough-
ly. Pour into sterile Petri dishes.
Use: For the cultivation of Zymomonas species.
APRY Agar
Composition per liter:
Fructose 30.0g
NaCl 25.0g
Glucose 20.0g
Agar 15.0g
Casein enzymatic hydrolysate 10.0g
Yeast extract 2.5g
Peptic digest of animal tissue 5.0g
Acetic acid, glacial 5.0mL
Selective supplement solution 5.0mL
Potassium sorbate solution 1.0mL
pH 6.0 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Source: This medium is available from HiMedia.
Potassium Sorbate Solution:
Composition
per 10.0mL:
Potassium sorbate 1.0g
Preparation of Potassium Sorbate Solution: Add components
to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thor-
oughly. Filter sterilize.
Selective Supplement Solution:
Composition
per 10.0mL:
Chlortetracycline 50.0mg
Preparation of Selective Supplement Solution: Add chlortetra-

cycline to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix
thoroughly. Filter sterilize.
Preparation of Medium: Add components, except acetic acid, se-
lective supplement solution, and potassium sorbate solution, to dis-
tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 990.0mL. Mix thoroughly.
Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 50°C. Asepti-
cally add acetic acid, selective supplement solution, and potassium sor-
bate solution. Mix thoroughly. Pour into Petri dishes or aseptically
distribute into sterile tubes.
Use: For the cultivation of acid resistant yeasts, including Zygosac-
charomyces bailii and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii in salads, sauces,
and dressings.
APRY Agar Base with Acetic Acid and Sorbate
Composition per liter:
Fructose 30.0g
NaCl 25.0g
Glucose 20.0g
Agar 15.0g
Pancreatic digest of casein 10.0g
Peptic digest of animal tissue 5.0g
Yeast extract 2.5g
Acetic acid (conc.) 5.0mL
Potassium sorbate (10%) 1.0mL
pH 5.5 ± 0.2 at 25°C
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
APT Agar 137
Source: This medium without acetic acid and potassium sorbate is
available as a premixed powder from HiMedia.
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring

to boiling. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 45–
50°C. Aseptically add 5.0mL sterile acetic acid and 1.0mL potassium
sorbate solution. Mix thoroughly. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or dis-
tribute into sterile tubes.
Use: For the detection and isolation of acid resistant yeasts, Zygosac-
charomyces bailii and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, in salads, sauces,
and dressings.
APRY Broth Base with Chloramphenicol
Composition per liter:
Glucose 30.0g
Fructose 20.0g
Pancreatic digest of casein 15.0g
Polysorbate 80 10.0g
Peptic digest of animal tissue 5.0g
Yeast extract 2.5g
Choramphenicol solution 2.0ml
pH 6.5 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Source: This medium without chloramphenicol is available as a pre-
mixed powder from HiMedia. Chloramphenicol supplement is avail-
able from HiMedia.
Chloramphenicol Solution:
Composition
per 2.0mL:
Chloramphenicol 50.0mg
Ethanol 2.0mL
Preparation of Chloramphenicol Solution: Add chlorampheni-
col to ethanol and bring volume to 2.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Filter steril-
ize.
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring

to boiling. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 45–
50°C. Aseptically add 2.0mL chloramphenicol soultion. Mix thor-
oughly. Distribute into sterile tubes or flasks.
Use: For the detection and isolation of acid resistant yeasts, Zygosac-
charomyces bailii and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, in salads, sauces,
and dressings.
APRY Broth
Composition per liter:
Glucose 30.0g
Fructose 20.0g
Casein enzymatic hydrolysate 15.0g
Yeast extract 2.5g
Peptic digest of animal tissue 5.0g
Polysorbate 80 10.0mL
Acetic acid, glacial 5.0mL
Selective supplement solution 5.0mL
Potassium sorbate solution 1.0mL
pH 6.0 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Source: This medium is available from HiMedia.
Potassium Sorbate Solution:
Composition
per 10.0mL:
Potassium sorbate 1.0g
Preparation of Potassium Sorbate Solution: Add components
to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thor-
oughly. Filter sterilize.
Selective Supplement Solution:
Composition
per 10.0mL:
Chlortetracycline 50.0mg

Chloramphenicol 50.0mg
Preparation of Selective Supplement Solution: Add compo-
nents to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix
thoroughly. Filter sterilize.
Preparation of Medium: Add components, except acetic acid, se-
lective supplement solution, and potassium sorbate solution, to dis-
tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 990.0mL. Mix thoroughly.
Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 50°C. Asepti-
cally add acetic acid, selective supplement solution, and potassium sor-
bate solution. Mix thoroughly. Aseptically distribute into sterile tubes
or flasks.
Use: For the cultivation of acid resistant yeasts, including Zygosac-
charomyces bailii and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii n salads, sauces, and
dressings.
APT Agar
Composition per liter:
Agar 15.0g
Pancreatic digest of casein 12.5g
Glucose 10.0g
Yeast extract 7.5g
NaCl 5.0g
K
2
HPO
4
5.0g
Sodium citrate 5.0g
Na
2
CO

3
1.25g
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.8g
Polysorbate 80 0.2g
MnCl
2
·4H
2
O 0.14g
FeSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.04g
Thiamine·HCl 1.0mg
pH 6.7 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Source: This medium is available as a premixed powder from BD Di-
agnostic Systems.
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring
to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 13
psi—118°–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes.
Use: For the cultivation and enumeration of bacteria, especially heter-
ofermentative lactobacilli, from meat and other foods. For the cultiva-
tion of streptococci.
APT Agar

Composition per liter:
Agar 13.5g
Pancreatic digest of casein 10.0g
Glucose 10.0g
Yeast extract 7.5g
NaCl 5.0g
KH
2
PO
4
5.0g
Sodium citrate 5.0g
Na
2
CO
3
1.25g
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.8g
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
138 APT Broth
Polysorbate 80 0.2g
MnCl
2
·4H
2
O 0.14g

FeSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.04g
pH 6.7 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Source: This medium is available as a premixed powder from BD Di-
agnostic Systems.
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring
to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 13
psi—118°–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes.
Use: For the cultivation and enumeration of bacteria, especially heter-
ofermentative lactobacilli, from meat and other foods. For the cultiva-
tion of streptococci.
APT Broth
Composition per liter:
Pancreatic digest of casein 12.5g
Glucose 10.0g
Yeast extract 7.5g
NaCl 5.0g
K
2
HPO
4
5.0g
Sodium citrate 5.0g
Na
2
CO

3
1.25g
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.8g
Polysorbate 80 0.2g
MnCl
2
·4H
2
O 0.14g
FeSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.04g
Thiamine·HCl 1.0mg
pH 7.7 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Source: This medium is available as a premixed powder from BD Di-
agnostic Systems.
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring
to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15
psi—118°–121°C.
Use: For the cultivation of lactic acid bacteria. For the cultivation of
heterofermentative lactobacilli from meat and other foods. The Amer-
ican Public Health Association recommends adding 100.0μg/L of thi-
amine to this medium.

APT Broth
Composition per liter:
Pancreatic digest of casein 10.0g
Glucose 10.0g
Yeast extract 7.5g
NaCl 5.0g
KH
2
PO
4
5.0g
Sodium citrate 5.0g
Na
2
CO
3
1.25g
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.8g
Polysorbate 80 0.2g
MnCl
2
·4H
2
O 0.14g
FeSO
4

·7H
2
O 0.04g
pH 7.7 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Source: This medium is available as a premixed powder from BD Di-
agnostic Systems.
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring
to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15
psi—118°–121°C.
Use: For the cultivation of lactic acid bacteria. For the cultivation of
heterofermentative lactobacilli from meat and other foods. The Amer-
ican Public Health Association recommends adding 100.0μg/L of thi-
amine to this medium.
APT HiVeg Agar
Composition per liter:
Agar 15.0g
Plant hydrolysate 12.5g
Glucose 10.0g
Yeast extract 7.5g
NaCl 5.0g
KH
2
PO
4
5.0g
Sodium citrate 5.0g
Na
2
CO

3
1.25g
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.8g
Polysorbate 80 0.2g
MnCl
2
·4H
2
O 0.14g
FeSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.04g
pH 6.7 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Source: This medium is available as a premixed powder from Hi-
Media.
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring
to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15
psi–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes.
Use: For the cultivation and enumeration of bacteria, especially heter-
ofermentative lactobacilli, from meat and other foods. For the cultiva-
tion of streptococci.
APT HiVeg Broth
Composition per liter:

Plant hydrolysate 12.5g
Glucose 10.0g
Yeast extract 7.5g
NaCl 5.0g
K
2
HPO
4
5.0g
Sodium citrate 5.0g
Na
2
CO
3
1.25g
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.8g
Polysorbate 80 0.2g
MnCl
2
·4H
2
O 0.14g
FeSO
4
·7H
2

O 0.04g
Thiamine·HCl 1.0mg
pH 6.7 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Source: This medium is available as a premixed powder from Hi-
Media.
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring
to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15
psi–121°C.
Use: For the cultivation of lactic acid bacteria. For the cultivation of
heterofermentative lactobacilli from meat and other foods.
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
Aquaspirillum Autotrophic Broth 139
Aquabacter spiritensis Medium
(LMG Medium 225)
Sodium succinate 2.0g
Yeast extract 1.0g
KH
2
PO
4
1.0g
Peptone 0.4g
NH
4
Cl 0.2g
NaCl 0.2g
MgSO
4
·7H

2
O 0.2g
CaCl
2
·2H
2
O 10.0mg
Ferric citrate 5.0mg
Vitamin solution 20.0mL
Trace elements solution SL-6 1.0mL
pH 7.0 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Trace Elements Solution SL-6 :
Composition
per liter:
H
3
BO
3
0.3g
CoCl
2
·6H
2
O 0.2g
ZnSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.1g
MnCl

2
·4H
2
O 0.03g
Na
2
MoO
4
·H
2
O 0.03g
NiCl
2
·6H
2
O 0.02g
CuCl
2
·2H
2
O 0.01g
Preparation of Trace Elements Solution SL-6 : Add compo-
nents to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thor-
oughly. Adjust pH to 3.4.
Vitamin Solution:
Composition
per liter:
Calcium DL-pantothenate 5.0mg
Riboflavin 5.0mg
Thiamine·HCl 5.0mg

Biotin 2.0mg
Folic acid 2.0mg
Vitamin B
12
0.1mg
Preparation of Vitamin Solution: Add components to distilled/
deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Filter ster-
ilize.
Preparation of Medium: Add components, except vitamin solu-
tion, to 980.0mL distilled/deionized water. Mix thoroughly. Autoclave
for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 25°C. Aseptically add
20.0mL sterile vitamin solution. Mix thoroughly. Aseptically distribute
to sterile tubes or flasks.
Use: For the cultivation of Aquabacter spiritensis.
Aquaspirillum Autotrophic Agar
Composition per liter:
Noble agar 15.0g
Na
2
HPO
4
·12H
2
O 9.0g
KH
2
PO
4
1.5g
NH

4
Cl 1.0g
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.2g
CaCl
2
·2H
2
O 0.01g
Ferric ammonium citrate 5.0mg
NaHCO
3
solution 10.0mL
Trace elements solution 3.0mL
pH 7.1 ± 0.2 at 25°C
NaHCO
3
Solution:
Composition
per 10.0mL:
NaHCO
3
0.5g
Preparation of NaHCO
3
Solution: Add the NaHCO
3

to distilled/
deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Filter
sterilize.
Trace Elements Solution:
Composition per liter:
H
3
BO
3
30.0mg
CoCl
2
·6H
2
O 20.0mg
ZnSO
4
·7H
2
O 10.0mg
MnCl
2
·4H
2
O 3.0mg
Na
2
MoO
4
·2H

2
O 3.0mg
NiCl
2
·6H
2
O 2.0mg
CuCl
2
·2H
2
O 1.0mg
Preparation of Trace Elements Solution: Add components to
distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly.
Preparation of Medium: Add components, except NaHCO
3
solu-
tion, to double-distilled water and bring volume to 990.0mL. Mix thor-
oughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi
pressure–121°C. Cool to 45°–50°C. Aseptically add sterile NaHCO
3
so-
lution. Mix thoroughly. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or distribute into
sterile tubes. For autotrophic growth, incubate under 85% H
2
+ 10% CO
2
+ 5% O
2
.

Use: For the autotrophic cultivation and maintenance of Aquaspiril-
lum autotrophicum.
Aquaspirillum Autotrophic Broth
Composition per liter:
Na
2
HPO
4
·12H
2
O 9.0g
KH
2
PO
4
1.5g
NH
4
Cl 1.0g
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.2g
CaCl
2
·2H
2
O 0.01g
Ferric ammonium citrate 5.0mg

NaHCO
3
solution 10.0mL
Trace elements solution 3.0mL
pH 7.1 ± 0.2 at 25°C
NaHCO
3
Solution:
Composition
per 10.0mL:
NaHCO
3
0.5g
Preparation of NaHCO
3
Solution: Add the NaHCO
3
to distilled/
deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Filter
sterilize.
Trace Elements Solution:
Composition per liter:
H
3
BO
3
30.0mg
CoCl
2
·6H

2
O 20.0mg
ZnSO
4
·7H
2
O 10.0mg
MnCl
2
·4H
2
O 3.0mg
Na
2
MoO
4
·2H
2
O 3.0mg
NiCl
2
·6H
2
O 2.0mg
CuCl
2
·2H
2
O 1.0mg
Preparation of Trace Elements Solution: Add components to

distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly.
Preparation of Medium: Add components, except NaHCO
3
solu-
tion, to double-distilled water and bring volume to 990.0mL. Mix thor-
oughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi
pressure–121°C. Cool to 45°–50°C. Aseptically add sterile NaHCO
3
solu-
tion. Mix thoroughly. Aseptically distribute into sterile tubes or flasks. To
grow autotrophically, incubate under 85% H
2
+ 10% CO
2
+ 5% O
2
.
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
140 Aquaspirillum Heterotrophic Agar
Use: For the autotrophic cultivation of Aquaspirillum autotrophicum.
Aquaspirillum Heterotrophic Agar
Composition per liter:
Noble agar 15.0g
Na
2
HPO
4
·12H
2
O 9.0g

KH
2
PO
4
1.5g
NH
4
Cl 1.0g
Sodium succinate 1.0g
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.2g
CaCl
2
·2H
2
O 0.01g
Ferric ammonium citrate 5.0mg
Trace elements solution 3.0mL
pH 7.1 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Trace Elements Solution:
Composition per liter:
H
3
BO
3
30.0mg
CoCl

2
·6H
2
O 20.0mg
ZnSO
4
·7H
2
O 10.0mg
MnCl
2
·4H
2
O 3.0mg
Na
2
MoO
4
·2H
2
O 3.0mg
NiCl
2
·6H
2
O 2.0mg
CuCl
2
·2H
2

O 1.0mg
Preparation of Trace Elements Solution: Add components to
distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly.
Preparation of Medium: Add components to double-distilled wa-
ter and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to
boiling. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Pour into ster-
ile Petri dishes or distribute into sterile tubes.
Use: For the heterotrophic cultivation and maintenance of Aquaspiril-
lum autotrophicum.
Aquaspirillum Heterotrophic Broth
Composition per liter:
Na
2
HPO
4
·12H
2
O 9.0g
KH
2
PO
4
1.5g
NH
4
Cl 1.0g
Sodium succinate 1.0g
MgSO
4
·7H

2
O 0.2g
CaCl
2
·2H
2
O 0.01g
Ferric ammonium citrate 5.0mg
Trace elements solution 3.0mL
pH 7.1 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Trace Elements Solution:
Composition per liter:
H
3
BO
3
30.0mg
CoCl
2
·6H
2
O 20.0mg
ZnSO
4
·7H
2
O 10.0mg
MnCl
2
·4H

2
O 3.0mg
Na
2
MoO
4
·2H
2
O 3.0mg
NiCl
2
·6H
2
O 2.0mg
CuCl
2
·2H
2
O 1.0mg
Preparation of Trace Elements Solution: Add components to
distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly.
Preparation of Medium: Add components to double-distilled wa-
ter and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to
boiling. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Aseptically
distribute into sterile tubes or flasks.
Use: For the heterotrophic cultivation of Aquaspirillum autotrophicum.
Aquaspirillum Medium
(DSMZ Medium 888)
Composition per 1026mL:
Casamino acids 1.5g

(NH
4
)
2
SO
4
1.0g
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 1.0g
Agar 0.5g
CaCl
2
·6H
2
O 30.0mg
Na
2
H
2
PO
4
10.0mg
Sodium succinate solution 10.0mL
Thiosulfate solution 10.0mL
Standard vitamin solution 5.0mL
Trace elements solution SL-10 1.0mL
pH 7.5 ± 0.2 at 25°C

Standard Vitamin Solution:
Composition
per 100.0mL:
Thiamine-HCl·2H
2
O 50.0mg
Nicotinic acid 50.0mg
Pyridoxine-HCl 50.0mg
Ca-pantothenate 50.0mg
Riboflavin 10.0mg
Vitamin
B
12
1.0mg
Folic acid 0.2mg
Biotin 0.1mg
Preparation of Standard Vitamin Solution: Add components to
distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 100.0mL. Mix thorough-
ly. Filter sterilize.
Trace Elements Solution SL-10:
Composition
per liter:
FeCl
2
·4H
2
O 1.5g
H
3
BO

3
300.0mg
CoCl
2
·6H
2
O 190.0mg
MnCl
2
·4H
2
O 100.0mg
ZnCl
2
70.0mg
Na
2
MoO
4
·2H
2
O 36.0mg
NiCl
2
·6H
2
O 24.0mg
CuCl
2
·2H

2
O 2.0mg
HCl (25% solution) 7.7mL
Preparation of Trace Elements Solution SL-10: Add
FeCl
2
·4H
2
O to 10.0mL of HCl solution. Mix thoroughly. Add distilled/
deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Add remaining compo-
nents. Mix thoroughly. Sparge with 100% N
2
. Autoclave for 15 min at
15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to room temperature.
Thiosulfate Solution:
Composition
per 10.0mL:
Na
2
S
2
O
3
·5H
2
O 1.0g
Preparation of Thiosulfate Solution: Add Na
2
S
2

O
3
·5H
2
O to dis-
tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly.
Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to room temper-
ature.
Sodium Succinate Solution:
Composition
per 10.0mL:
Sodium succinate 1.0g
Preparation of Sodium Succinate Solution: Add sodium succi-
nate to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix
thoroughly. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to
room temperature.
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
ARC51 Medium 141
Preparation of Medium: Add components, except sodium succi-
nate solution, thiosulfate solution, standard vitamin solution, and trace
elements solution SL-10, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume
to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–
121°C. Cool to room temperature. Aseptically add 10.0mL sterile so-
dium succinate solution, 10.0mL sterile thiosulfate solution, 5.0mL
sterile standard vitamin solution, and 1.0mL sterile trace elements so-
lution SL-10. Mix thoroughly. Adjust pH to 7.5. Aseptically distribute
into sterile tubes or flasks.
Use: For the cultivation of Aquaspirillum spp.
Aquincola Medium
(DSMZ Medium 1178)

Composition per liter:
Yeast extract 1.0g
Peptone 1.0g
Fructose 0.5g
pH 7.0 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Preparation of Medium: Add components to tap water and bring
volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Distrib-
ute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C.
Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Aquincola spp.
Aquisalimonas Agar
(DSMZ Medium 1182)
Composition per liter:
Solution A 500.0mL
Solution B 500.0mL
pH 9.5 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Solution A:
Composition per 500.0mL:
Agar 20.0g
Glucose 10.0g
Peptone 5.0g
Yeast extract 5.0g
K
2
HPO
4
1.0g
MgCl
2
·6H
2

O 0.2g
Preparation of Solution A: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 500.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Autoclave for 15
min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 50°C.
Solution B:
Composition per 500.0mL:
NaCl 80.0g
Na
2
CO
3
20.0g
Preparation of Solution B: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 500.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Autoclave for 15
min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 50°C.
Preparation of Medium: Aseptically combine 500.0mL solution A
and 500.0mL solution B. The final pH should be 9.5. Pour into Petri
dishes or distribute into sterile tubes.
Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Aquisalimonas spp.
Aquisalimonas Medium
(DSMZ Medium 1182)
Composition per liter:
Solution A 500.0mL
Solution B 500.0mL
pH 9.5 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Solution A:
Composition per 500.0mL:
Glucose 10.0g
Peptone 5.0g
Yeast extract 5.0g

K
2
HPO
4
1.0g
MgCl
2
·6H
2
O 0.2g
Preparation of Solution A: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 500.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Autoclave for 15
min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to room temperature.
Solution B:
Composition per 500.0mL:
NaCl 80.0g
Na
2
CO
3
20.0g
Preparation of Solution B: Add components to distilled/deionized
water and bring volume to 500.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Autoclave for 15
min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to room temperature.
Preparation of Medium: Aseptically combine 500.0mL solution A
and 500.0mL solution B. The final pH should be 9.5.
Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Aquisalimonas spp.
Arabinose Agar Base with Selective Supplement
Composition per liter:
Peptone, special 23.0g

Agar 15.0g
Arabinose 10.0g
NaCl 5.0g
Corn starch 1.0g
Phenol Red 0.1g
Selective supplement solution 10.0mL
pH 7.8 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Source: This medium is available from HiMedia.
Selective Supplement Solution:
Composition
per 10.0mL:
Thallium acetate 0.2g
Nalidixic acid 25.0mg
Preparation of Selective Supplement Solution: Add compo-
nents to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix
thoroughly. Filter sterilize.
Preparation of Medium: Add components, except selective sup-
plement solution, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to
990.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Adjust pH to 7.8. Gently heat and bring to
boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Gently heat and bring to boil.
Do not autoclave. Cool to 50°C. Add selective supplement solution.
Mix thoroughly. Pour into sterile Petri dishes.
Use: For selective isolation of Enterococcus faecium from feces, sew-
age, and water supplies.
ARC51 Medium
(DSMZ Medium 1098)
Composition per liter:
Sea salts, Sigma 35.0g
Sodium acetate 1.6g
Mercaptoethanesulfonic acid (coenzyme M) 0.14g

NH
4
Cl 0.1g
Yeast extract 0.1g
K
2
HPO
4
0.05g
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
142 Archaeoglobus Medium
Resazurin 0.5mg
NaHCO
3
solution 10.0mL
Na
2
S·9H
2
O solution 10.0mL
Na
2
S
2
O
3
solution 10.0mL
Wolfe’s mineral elixer 1.0mL
Seven vitamin solution 1.0mL
pH 6.5 ± 0.2 at 25°C

Seven Vitamin Solution:
Composition
per liter:
Pyridoxine hydrochloride 300.0mg
Thiamine-HCl·2H
2
O 200.0mg
Nicotinic acid 200.0mg
Vitamin B
12
100.0mg
Calcium pantothenate 100.0mg
p-Aminobenzoic acid 80.0mg
D(+)-Biotin 20.0mg
Preparation of Seven Vitamin Solution: Add components to dis-
tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Sparge with 100% N
2
.
Mix thoroughly. Filter sterilize.
Wolfe’s Mineral Elixir:
Composition
per liter:
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 30.0g
NaCl 10.0g
MnSO
4

·2H
2
O 5.0g
(NH
4
)
2
NiSO
4
·6H
2
O 2.8g
CoCl
2
·6H
2
O 1.8g
ZnSO
4
·7H
2
O 1.8g
FeSO
4
·7H
2
O 1.0g
CaCl
2
·2H

2
O 1.0g
KAl(SO
4
)
2
·12H
2
O 0.18g
CuSO
4
·5H
2
O 0.1g
H
3
BO
3
0.1g
Na
2
MoO
4
·2H
2
O 0.1g
Na
2
SeO
4

0.1g
Na
2
WO
4
·2H
2
O 0.1g
Preparation of Wolfe’s Mineral Elixir: Adjust pH of 1.0L of dis-
tilled/deionized water to 1.0 with dilute H
2
SO
4
. Add remaining com-
ponents one at a time. Mix thoroughly to dissolve.
Na
2
S·9H
2
O Solution:
Composition per 10.0mL:
Na
2
S·9H
2
O 0.5g
Preparation of Na
2
S·9H
2

O Solution: Add Na
2
S·9H
2
O to dis-
tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly.
Autoclave under 100% N
2
for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool
to room temperature.
Na
2
S
2
O
3
Solution:
Composition per 10.0mL:
Na
2
S
2
O
3
·5H
2
O 2.5g
Preparation of NaHCO
3
Solution: Add Na

2
S
2
O
3
·5H
2
O to dis-
tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly.
Sparge with N
2
. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool
to room temperature.
NaHCO
3
Solution:
Composition per 50.0mL:
NaHCO
3
2.0g
Preparation of NaHCO
3
Solution: Add NaHCO
3
to distilled/de-
ionized water and bring volume to 50.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Sparge
with N
2
. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to room
temperature.

Preparation of Medium: Add components, except vitamin solu-
tion, bicarbonate solution, thiosulfate solution, and Na
2
S·9H
2
O solu-
tion, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 970.0mL. Mix
thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Boil for 3 min. Cool to
room temperature while sparging with 20% CO
2
+ 80% N
2
. Dispense
into balch tubes or serum bottles under atmosphere of 20% CO
2
+ 80%
N
2
. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 25°C under
an atmosphere of 20% CO
2
+ 80% N
2
. Aseptically and anaerobically
add sterile vitamin solution, bicarbonate solution, thiosulfate solution,
and Na
2
S·9H
2
O solution. Adjust final pH to 6.5. After inoculation ad-

just overpressure to 1.5 bar with 20% CO
2
+ 80% N
2
.
Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Archaeoglobus infectus.
Archaeoglobus Medium
Composition per liter:
NaCl 18.0g
NaHCO
3
5.0g
MgCl
2
·6H
2
O 4.0g
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 3.45g
Sodium
L-lactate 1.5g
Yeast extract 0.5g
KCl 0.34g
NH
4
Cl 0.25g
CaCl

2
·2H
2
O 0.14g
K
2
HPO
4
0.14g
Fe(NH
4
)
2
(SO
4
)
2
·7H
2
O 2.0mg
Resazurin 1.0mg
Na
2
S·9H
2
O solution 25.0mL
Trace elements solution 10.0mL
pH 6.9 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Trace Elements Solution:
Composition per liter:

MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 3.0g
Nitrilotriacetic acid 1.5g
NaCl 1.0g
MnSO
4
·2H
2
O 0.5g
CoSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.18g
ZnSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.18g
FeSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.1g
CaCl
2
·2H

2
O 0.1g
NiCl
2
·6H
2
O 0.025g
KAl(SO
4
)
2
·l2H
2
O 0.02g
CuSO
4
·5H
2
O 0.01g
H
3
BO
3
0.01g
Na
2
MoO
4
·2H
2

O 0.01g
Na
2
SeO
3
·5H
2
O 0.3mg
Na
2
S·9H
2
O Solution:
Composition
per 50.0mL:
Na
2
S·9H
2
O 1.0g
Preparation of Na
2
S·9H
2
O Solution: Prepare and dispense solu-
tion anaerobically under 80% N
2
+ 20% CO
2
. Add Na

2
S·9H
2
O to dis-
tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 50.0mL. Mix thoroughly.
Adjust pH to 7.0. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C.
Preparation of Trace Elements Solution: Add nitrilotriacetic
acid to approximately 500.0mL of distilled/deionized water. Dissolve
by adding KOH and adjust pH to 6.5. Add remaining components.
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
Archaeoglobus veneficus Medium 143
Bring volume to 1.0L with additional distilled/deionized water. Adjust
pH to 7.0 with KOH.
Preparation of Medium: Add components, except NaHCO
3
and
Na
2
S·9H
2
O solution, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to
1.0L. Mix well and heat to boiling for a few minutes. Cool rapidly to
room temperature while gassing with 80% N
2
+ 20% CO
2
. Add
NaHCO
3
and adjust pH to 6.9. Distribute anaerobically under 80% N

2
+ 20% CO
2
and pressurize sealed containers up to 2 bar pressure. Au-
toclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Prior to inoculation of
cultures, add 0.25mL of sterile Na
2
S·9H
2
O solution to each tube con-
taining 9.75mL of sterile basal medium.
Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Archaeoglobus fulgidus.
Archaeoglobus profundus Medium
Composition per liter:
NaCl 18.0g
MgCl
2
·6H
2
O 4.0g
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 3.45g
Na
2
SO
4
2.7g

Sodium acetate 1.0g
NaHCO
3
1.0g
Yeast extract 0.5g
KCl 0.34g
NH
4
Cl 0.25g
CaCl
2
·2H
2
O 0.14g
K
2
HPO
4
0.14g
Fe(NH
4
)
2
(SO
4
)
2
·7H
2
O 2.0mg

Resazurin 1.0mg
Na
2
S·9H
2
O solution 25.0mL
Trace elements solution 10.0mL
pH 6.5 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Trace Elements Solution:
Composition per liter:
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 3.0g
Nitrilotriacetic acid 1.5g
NaCl 1.0g
MnSO
4
·2H
2
O 0.5g
CoSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.18g
ZnSO
4
·7H

2
O 0.18g
FeSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.1g
CaCl
2
·2H
2
O 0.1g
NiCl
2
·6H
2
O 0.025g
KAl(SO
4
)
2
·l2H
2
O 0.02g
CuSO
4
·5H
2
O 0.01g
H

3
BO
3
0.01g
Na
2
MoO
4
·2H
2
O 0.01g
Na
2
SeO
3
·5H
2
O 0.3mg
Na
2
S·9H
2
O Solution:
Composition
per 50.0mL:
Na
2
S·9H
2
O 1.0g

Preparation of Trace Elements Solution: Add nitrilotriacetic
acid to approximately 500.0mL of distilled/deionized water. Dissolve
by adding KOH and adjust pH to 6.5. Add remaining components.
Bring volume to 1.0L with additional distilled/deionized water. Adjust
pH to 7.0 with KOH.
Preparation of Na
2
S·9H
2
O Solution: Prepare and dispense solu-
tion anaerobically under 80% N
2
+ 20% CO
2
. Add Na
2
S·9H
2
O to dis-
tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 50.0mL. Mix thoroughly.
Adjust pH to 7.0. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C.
Preparation of Medium: Add components, except NaHCO
3
and
Na
2
S·9H
2
O solution, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to
1.0L. Mix well and heat to boiling for a few minutes . Cool rapidly to room

temperature while gassing with 80% N
2
+ 20% CO
2
. Add NaHCO
3
and
adjust pH to 6.9. Distribute anaerobically under 80% N
2
+ 20% CO
2
and
pressurize sealed containers up to 2 bar pressure. Autoclave for 15 min at
15 psi pressure–121°C. Prior to inoculation of cultures, add 0.25mL of
sterile Na
2
S·9H
2
O solution to each tube containing 9.75mL of sterile basal
medium.
Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Archaeoglobus profun-
dus.
Archaeoglobus veneficus Medium
(DSMZ Medium 796)
Composition per liter:
NaCl 18.0g
MgCl
2
·6H
2

O 7.15g
NaHCO
3
5.0g
KCl 0.33g
NH
4
Cl 0.25g
K
2
HPO
4
·3H
2
O 0.18g
CaCl
2
·2H
2
O 0.14g
Fe(NH
4
)
2
(SO
4
)
2
·6H
2

O 2.0mg
Resazurin 0.5mg
Na
2
SO
3
solution 20.0mL
Na
2
S·9H
2
O solution 10.0mL
Na-acetate solution 4.0mL
Trace elements solution 1.0mL
pH 1.0 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Na
2
S·9H
2
O Solution:
Composition per 20.0mL:
Na
2
S·9H
2
O 0.5g
Preparation of Na
2
S·9H
2

O Solution: Add Na
2
S·9H
2
O to dis-
tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 20.0mL. Sparge with N
2
.
Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 25°C. Store an-
aerobically.
Na
2
SO
3
Solution:
Composition
per 10.0mL:
Na
2
SO
3
0.5g
Preparation of Na
2
SO
3
Solution: Add Na
2
SO
3

to distilled/deion-
ized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Sparge with
100% N
2
. Filter sterilize.
Na-acetate Solution:
Composition
per 10.0mL:
Na-acetate 2.5g
Preparation of Na-acetate Solution: Add Na-acetate to distilled/
deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Sparge
with 100% N
2
. Filter sterilize.
Trace Elements Solution:
Composition
per liter:
NaCl 5.0g
MnCl
2
·4H
2
O 2.9g
(NH
4
)
2
Ni(SO
4
)

2
1.0g
FeSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.5g
CoCl
2
·6H
2
O 0.5g
CaCl
2
·2H
2
O 0.5g
ZnSO
4
·7H
2
0.5g
CuSO
4
·5H
2
O 0.05g
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
144 Archangium violaceum Medium
H

3
BO
3
0.05g
KAl(SO
4
)
2
·12H
2
O 0.05g
Na
2
MoO
4
·4H
2
O 0.05g
Na
2
WO
4
·2H
2
O 0.05g
Na
2
SeO
3
·5H

2
O 0.05g
Preparation of Trace Elements olution: Add components to dis-
tilled/deionized water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly.
Sparge with 100% N
2
.
Preparation of Medium: Prepare and dispense medium under 80%
N
2
+ 20% CO
2
gas mixture. Add components, except Na-acetate solu-
tion, Na
2
S·9H
2
O solution, and NaHCO
3
, to 986.0mL distilled/deion-
ized water. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Boil for
5 min. Cool to 25°C while sparging with 80% N
2
+ 20% CO
2
. Add the
solid NaHCO
3
. Equilibrate with the 80% N
2

+ 20% CO
2
gas. Adjust
pH to 7.0 with HCl. Add 10.0mL Na
2
S·9H
2
O solution. Distribute into
serum bottles under 80% N
2
+ 20% CO
2
gas; 25.0mL medium in
100mL serum bottles. Adjust pH to 1.0. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi
pressure–121°C. Cool to 25°C. Aseptically and anaerobically inject
0.1mL sterile Na-acetate solution and 0.5mL Na
2
SO
3
solution per
25.0mL medium. Mix thoroughly. After inoculation pressurize to 1 bar
atmosphere with 80% H
2
+ 20% CO
2
gas.
Use: For the cultivation of Archaeoglobus veneficus.
Archangium violaceum Medium
Composition per liter:
Monosodium glutamate 1.0g

L-Leucine 0.5g
L-Tyrosine 0.5g
L-Isoleucine 0.3g
L-Proline 0.25g
MgSO
4
·7H
2
O 0.2g
L-Lysine 0.15g
L-Arginine .0.1g
L-Asparagine 0.1g
L-Serine 0.1g
L-Threonine 0.1g
L-Valine 0.1g
L-Alanine .0.05g
L-Glycine 0.05g
L-Histidine 0.05g
L-Methionine 0.05g
Ca
3
(PO
4
)
2
0.02g
KCl 0.02g
Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane
buffer (0.02m solution, pH 7.5) 1.0L
pH 7.5 ± 0.2 at 25°C

Preparation of Medium: Add solid components to 1.0L of Tris
buffer. Mix thoroughly. Filter sterilize. Aseptically distribute into tubes
or flasks.
Use: For the cultivation of Archangium violaceum.
Arcobacter Broth Base with Selective Supplement
Composition per liter:
Peptone 18.0g
NaCl 5.0g
Yeast extract 1.0g
Selective supplement solution 10.0mL
pH 7.2 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Source: This medium is available from HiMedia.
Selective Supplement Solution:
Composition
per 10.0mL:
Cefoperazone 16.0mg
Amphotericin B 5.0mg
Preparation of Selective Supplement Solution: Add compo-
nents to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 10.0mL. Mix
thoroughly. Filter sterilize.
Preparation of Medium: Add components, except selective sup-
plement solution, to distilled/deionized water and bring volume to
990.0mL. Mix thoroughly. Autoclave for 15 min at 15 psi pressure–
121°C. Cool to 50°C. Aseptically add selective supplement solution.
Mix thoroughly. Pour into Petri dishes or aseptically distribute into
sterile tubes.
Use: For the enrichment and cultivation of Arcobacter spp.
Arcobacter Medium
Composition per liter:
Agar 15.0g

Special peptone 10.0g
Beef extract 5.0g
NaCl 5.0g
Yeast extract 5.0g
Sodium glutamate 2.0g
Sodium succinate 2.0g
MgCl
2
·H
2
O 1.0g
Horse blood, defibrinated 50.0mL
pH 7.0 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Source: Special peptone is available from Oxoid Unipath.
Preparation of Medium: Add components, except horse blood, to
distilled/deionized water and bring volume to 950.0mL. Mix thorough-
ly. Gently heat and bring to boiling. Adjust pH to 7.0. Autoclave for 15
min at 15 psi pressure–121°C. Cool to 50°–55°C. Aseptically add
50.0mL of sterile horse blood. Mix thoroughly. Pour into sterile Petri
dishes or distribute into sterile tubes.
Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Arcobacter species.
Arcobacter nitrofigilis Agar
(LMG Medium 86)
Composition per liter:
Agar 15.0g
NaCl 15.0g
Lab-Lemco beef extract 10.0g
Special peptones, Oxoid 10.0g
pH 7.1 ± 0.2 at 25°C
Preparation of Medium: Add components to distilled/deionized

water and bring volume to 1.0L. Mix thoroughly. Gently heat and bring
to boiling. Distribute into tubes or flasks. Autoclave for 15 min at 15
psi pressure–121°C. Pour into sterile Petri dishes or leave in tubes.
Use: For the cultivation and maintenance of Arcobacter nitrofigilis.
Arenavirus Plaquing Medium
Composition per liter:
Eagle’s basal medium 1.0L
Agarose solution 1.0L
Fetal calf serum, inactivated 100.0mL
pH 7.0 ± 0.2 at 25°C
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC