CCNA Wireless Official Exam Certification Guide part 42 pps

382 CCNA Wireless Official Exam Certification Guide
1. According to the following figure, what version of controller code is in use?
a. 5.0.148.0
b. 192.168.1.50
c. +38 C
d. 4.1.2.60 (Mesh)
2. What do you choose to verify the version of hardware?
a. Controller > General
b. Controller > Inventory
c. Management > Summary
d. Monitor > Summary
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3. Which statement about the following figure is true?
a. The AP being viewed is the Lobby-AP.
b. The AP is running in autonomous mode.
c. The AP has a static IP address.
d. The AP is running software version 5.0.148.0.
4. Which extension is used in controller upgrade files?
a. .bin
b. .exe
c. .cfg
d. .aes
5. Which protocols are used to upgrade a controller? (Choose two.)
a. FTP
b. TFTP
c. HTTP
d. SCP
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6. What does an AP do if a controller is running a higher version of software?
a. It does nothing; they don’t need to be the same.

b. It automatically upgrades to the same version as the controller.
c. It causes the controller to downgrade to the same version as the AP.
d. It reboots continuously and keeps searching for a controller with the same version.
7. If an AP leaves one controller and associates with another, what does it check?
a. The controller’s hardware version
b. How many licenses the controller has
c. The version the controller is running
d. The version that other APs are running
8. The WCS is upgraded using what method?
a. WCS code upgrade script
b. FTP
c. TFTP
d. SCP
9. How do you save the controller’s configuration using the web interface?
a. Choose Commands > Save.
b. Click the Save Configuration link.
c. Choose Commands > Copy-Run-Start.
d. Choose Controllers > Save.
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10. If you clicked the Upload button on the page shown in the following figure, what
would happen?
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a. The controller software would get backed up to an FTP server.
b. The controller configuration would be archived to an NFS server at the IP
address 192.168.2.96.
c. The controller configuration would be uploaded in clear text using a TFTP server.
d. The controller configuration would be encrypted and uploaded to 192.168.2.96
using TFTP.
11. In what format is the controller configuration file?

a. XML
b. XHTML
c. DHTML
d. Clear text
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Foundation Topics
Upgrading a Controller
Management tasks in the controller involve upgrading or downgrading images as well as
managing configuration files. You can begin working with these files by verifying the ver-
sion currently running on the controller. Figure 19-1 shows the MONITOR > Summary
page, which indicates that the version of code on this particular controller is software ver-
sion 4.1.192.17M (Mesh). 5.x is the current version of code, so you need to obtain the ver-
sion you want to have loaded before performing the upgrade.
You also need to know the hardware with which you are working. You can find the hard-
ware information by choosing CONTROLLER > Inventory and verifying the platform.
The platform used in this example is an AIR-WLC4402-12-K9, as shown in Figure 19-2.
For the record, you might as well verify the AP hardware being used. To verify the AP
software version, choose WIRELESS > All APs, and click the AP name you want to ver-
ify. In Figure 19-3, the Lobby-AP has been selected. You see a configuration page with
four tabs:
■ General
■ Inventory
Figure 19-1 Verify the Controller Software Version
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Chapter 19: Maintaining Wireless Networks 387
Figure 19-2 Verify the Hardware Version

Figure 19-3 General Details for the Lobby-AP
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Note Sometimes you have to upgrade through prior releases of software up to the version
you ultimately want. This is because the older versions of code have a built-in TFTP client
that does not support file transfers greater than 32 MB. The following URL is a good refer-
ence for helping network engineers or administrators determine an upgrade path: http:/
/www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk722/tk809/
technologies_configuration_example09186a00805f381f.shtml.
■ Interfaces
■ Advanced
The General tab displays the software (S/W) version, as shown in Figure 19-3.
In the figure, the version on the AP is 4.1.192.17M (Mesh), which is the same version that
is running on the controller.
Selecting the Inventory tab displays the hardware version. In this case, the Lobby-AP is an
AIR-AP1131AG-A-K9, as shown in Figure 19-4.
Now you have all the version information you need to upgrade the controller software ver-
sion. The next step is to determine which upgrade approach you will take.
Controller Upgrade Approaches
You can take two approaches when upgrading the controller. You can use the command-
line interface (CLI), or you can use the web-based interface. To keep things simple, we will
focus on the web interface method.
Start by going to the Cisco Software Center (www.cisco.com/go/software) and download-
ing the image you want to install. The image should have an .aes extension. This is a com-
pressed archive file. Three files are included in the .aes compressed file:
■ RTOS: The controller’s Real-Time Operating System
■ CODE: Airwave Director, command-line interface, and the controller’s switch web

interface
■ ppcboot.bin: The controller’s bootloader
The next step is to place the .aes file on a TFTP server. Tftpd32 is a common TFTP server
program that can you can obtain from . As soon as the file is on
the server, and the controller can reach the server, choose COMMANDS > Download
File, as shown in Figure 19-5. You see the File Type drop-down. The file type is Code.
Next, enter the IP address of the TFTP server, as well as the file path and filename. Click
Download to begin the process.
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Figure 19-4 AP Hardware Version
Figure 19-5 Upgrade the Controller via the Web Interface
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Figure 19-6 Verify the Upgrade of the Controller
Note The ping utility is a Windows function, not a function or utility in WCS. To access
the ping utility, you need to open a command prompt in Windows and enter the ping com-
mand followed by the address you want to ping.
As the transfer begins, the page continues to refresh every few seconds. The controller
copies the file to RAM. When it’s finished, the controller puts the file in flash. The exist-
ing image then becomes the backup image. As soon as the transfer is complete, you need
to reboot the controller. You can click the link displayed on the Download file to Con-
troller page. This redirects you to the Reboot page.
After the reboot, log back in, and verify that the new code has been transferred. As shown

in Figure 19-6, the software version has been successfully upgraded.
Upgrade Using WCS
You can also use WCS to upgrade the controller. Upgrading the controller also upgrades
the APs, because they sync to the same code. To perform the upgrade, follow these steps:
Step 1. Verify connectivity before you start the upgrade process. Use the ping utility
from the WCS to be sure that the WCS server can contact the controller. Also,
if you use an external TFTP server, ping it as well.
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Step 2. Click Configure > Controllers to navigate to the All Controllers page.
Step 3. Select the check box of the controller you want to upgrade. Choose Select a
Command > Download Software, and click GO. WCS displays the Download
Software to Controller page.
Step 4. If you use the built-in WCS TFTP server, check the TFTP Server on WCS Sys-
tem check box. If you use an external TFTP server, uncheck this check box and
add the external TFTP server IP address.
Step 5. Click Browse and navigate to the software update file. The files are uploaded
to the root directory that was configured for use by the TFTP server. You can
change to a different directory.
Note You should always double-check the software file you plan to use for your con-
troller. Selecting the wrong file can cause problems. Be sure that you have the correct soft-
ware file for your controller.
Step 6. Click Download. WCS downloads the software to the controller, and the con-
troller writes the code to flash RAM. As WCS performs this function, it dis-
plays its progress in the Status field.
Upgrading an AP
Upgrading an AP is pretty easy. In fact, if you followed the process described in the pre-
ceding section, you are already done, because the AP synchronizes to the controller. Re-
call that in Figure 19-3 you verified the version of AP software, and it was the same as the
controller—version 4.1.192.17M (Mesh). After upgrading the controller to software ver-

sion 5.0.148.0, you can again verify the client by choosing WIRELESS > All APs and
clicking the AP name that you want to verify. In Figure 19-7, the Lobby-AP has been se-
lected. According to the information in the Software Version field, it has been upgraded to
version 5.0.148.0, matching that of the controller. Remember that after upgrading the soft-
ware on the controller, the APs automatically upgrade their software as well, but only 20
APs can upgrade at any given time.
Remember that APs synchronize to the controller. This means the following:
■ If the controller is a higher version, the AP upgrades.
■ If the controller is a lower version, the AP downgrades.
■ If the AP leaves one controller and associates with another, the AP checks the con-
troller version and upgrades/downgrades as needed.
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