Networking: A Beginner’s Guide Fifth Edition- P88 docx

417
Index
CD-DVD access, 380, 380–381, 381
CD-ROM, 311–312
central processing unit (CPU), 176–177
CERT. See Computer Emergency Response Team
certification, 7
of cable plant, 55
of company reports, 392
Dell, 190
server, 179
change, 147
change control system, 9, 399–400, 411–413
channel service unit/data service unit
(CSU/DSU), 28
character devices, 338, 339
characters, password, 145
chgrp, 339–340
chmode, 340
chown command, 339
Cisco, 7
Citrix, 26
civil penalties, 393
classes, 118
Client Access Licenses (CALs), 230–231
client/server database systems, 20
client/server network, 18, 19, 20
administration, 23
backup, 22
cons, 23
peer-to-peer network or, 20–23

pros, 22
clone chips, 179
clustering, 188
coax. See coaxial cable
coaxial cable (coax), 36, 48
with BNC connectors, 53
mixing cables with, 52
separation of, 55
troubleshooting, 56–57
code of ethics, 394
cold recovery site, 164
collision domain, 34, 69
collisions, 46, 219
command line, 331–333
command-line tools, 342–351
commands
cat, 348
chown, 339
cp, 342
dd, 344, 344
df, 350
du, 349, 349
find, 343, 343–344
HELO, 103, 103
init, 354, 355
Is, 337, 337
kill, 354–355
ln, 342–343
location of, 350
mkdir, 346

mknod, 338, 346
more, 349
mv, 342
NET, 271
PING, 363
ps, 351, 351–352, 352, 353, 354, 362
pwd, 347
rmdir, 346–347
su, 356–357
sync, 350–351
tar, 347–348, 348
top, 354
TRACERT, 72
type, 348
uname, 355, 355, 356
uptime, 310
whereis, 350
which, 349
who, 356
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the
Treadway Commission (COSO), 395
common bus multipoint topology, 39, 39, 40–41
communications. See also data
communications equipment
disaster recovery plan, 165
plan, 161
server, 219
compatibility, 199. See also Hardware
Compatibility List
application, 202

Fedora Linux, 308–309
server, 189–190
virtual private network, 133–134
Windows Server 2008, 225–226
compression, 345, 345
CompTIA. See Computing Technology
Industry Association
Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT), 152
computer magazines, 62
Computing Technology Industry Association
(CompTIA), 7
concentrator. See hub
conductor, 36, 52
conduit piping, 53
configuration. See also Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol
Apache web server, 363–364
DNS, 330–331, 331
Fedora Linux, 316–318, 317
hardware, 226
hot-swap, 187
Primary Rate Interface, 83
redundant array of independent disks, 187
Windows Server 2008, 226, 236, 237–240, 241,
241–242, 242
connection
DS0, 85
DS1, 85–86
loss of, 163
remote control, 128–129

remote node, 128, 129, 304
418
Networking: A Beginner’s Guide
connection (continued)
sharing, 60
T-1, 85–86
traffic, 66–67
wide area network, 81–87
connection-based switched link, 79
container object, 112
contingency, 160
contractor, 54–55
control information, 32
COSO. See Committee of Sponsoring Organizations
of the Treadway Commission
cost
analysis, 200
desktop computer, 202, 203
Ethernet, 61
of ISDN, 83
replacement, 202
upgrading, 203
virtual private network, 132
wide area network, 78
cp command, 342
CPU. See central processing unit
cracker, 143
create home directory, 346
create only, 147
crossover cable, 51

CSMA/CD. See Carrier Sense Multiple Access with
Collision Detection
CSU/DSU. See channel service
unit/data service unit
Custom Exchange Server Installation, 281
D
DAP. See X.500 Directory Access Protocol
data channels (D-channels), 82
data communications equipment (DCE), 50
data corruption, 172
data terminal equipment (DTE), 50
data transfer, synchronous, 79
database
client/server, 20
high-end, 167
datagram, 90
data-link layer, 30
DCE. See data communications equipment
D-channels. See data channels
dd command, 344, 344
decimal numbering system, 12, 13–14
decimal points, 13
dedicate print server, 25
dedicated computer, 19
dedicated remote access system, 26
default name, 143
Dell, 190
demilitarized zone (DMZ), 153
denial of service (DoS), 149, 153
Department of Defense (DoD), 254

desktop computer
choosing, 198
consistency with, 203
cost, 202, 203
network workstation for, 204–205
performance of, 203
platform, 198–200
reliability, 201
serviceability, 201–203
useful life of, 204
df command, 350
DHCP. See Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
dial-back, 151
differential backup, 170
digital linear tape (DLT), 168, 169
digital subscriber line (DSL), 83–84, 85
directory, 111. See also Active Directory; eDirectory;
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol; X.500
Directory Access Protocol
Apache web server, 363
create, 346
Linux, 338, 339
print, 347
remove, 346–347
security for, 147–148
shared, 213
show, 349
directory service, 110, 115
multimaster model, 113
partition by, 114

primary/backup model, 113
redundancy, 111, 113
tree-based organization of, 112, 112
disaster recovery plan
backups in, 166–171, 397
communications in, 165
definitions, 403
off-site storage in, 165–166, 168
replacement list in, 166, 398
sample, 402–405
scenarios for, 163–164
disclosure, 394
discovery, 72
disk
cache, 350–351
controller, 191
display free space, 350
drives, 181–182
failure, 164
images, 203
independent mode, 377
interfaces, 181–182
size, 377
synchronization, 350–351
testing, 228
utilization, 349, 349
virtual, 376, 376–378, 377, 385
Windows Server 2008, 227, 229
distinguished names (DNs), 118
DLT. See digital linear tape

419
Index
DMZ. See demilitarized zone
DNS. See Domain Name System
DNs. See distinguished names
DNS servers. See domain name servers
documentation, 9
Fedora Linux, 335–336
security, 148
DoD. See Department of Defense
domain controller, 229, 230
domain name servers (DNS servers), 100
Domain Name System (DNS), 98–100, 116, 299
with Active Directory, 300–301
configuration for, 330–331, 331
Microsoft Management Console, 300, 301
multiple, 300–301
with Windows Server 2008, 300–301
domains, 229. See also top-level domain names
collision, 34
models of, 116
new, 245–249
server controller, 230
types, 99
Windows NT, 115–116
Windows Server 2008, 240–241, 245–249
DOS
mkdir command with, 346
more command, 349
pwd command with, 347

rmdir command with, 346, 347
type command with, 348
wildcard expansion, 332
DoS. See denial of service
DS0 connection, 85
DS1 connection, 85–86
DSL. See digital subscriber line
DTE. See data terminal equipment
dual data guarding, 185
dual-boot system, 310–311
ducts, 53
duplexing, 183
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), 100
reservation with, 299
TCP/IP scope for, 298
E
earthquake, 158–160
ECC. See error checking and correction
echoing, 68
by switch, 70
eDirectory, 113, 114, 115
EIA. See Electronic Industries Alliance
802.11g, 63
802.11n, 63
Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA), 51
e-mail, 26. See also Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
automated, 278
external, 26
file-based, 25
e-mail (continued)

gateway for, 73
patch notification through, 193
security, 153, 154
emergencies, 158–161, 400
Emergency Operations Center (EOC), 158–160, 161
enterprise resource planning (ERP) system, 27
entries, 118
environment variables, 332
clearing, 334
printing, 333–334
setting, 334
EOC. See Emergency Operations Center
EPIC. See Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing
ERP. See enterprise resource planning system
error checking and correction (ECC), 180, 181
/etc/hosts file, 329–330, 330
Ethernet
10 Gigabit, 42
10Base-T, 42–43, 46
100Base-T, 42, 43
1000Base-T, 43–44
cabling of, 49
capacity, 218
collision handling, 219
cost of, 61
Fedora Linux, 329, 329
Gigabit, 42
network, 217
scaling, 217
Thick, 48

Thin, 41, 48, 52, 66
wireless, 62–64
Ethernet Subnetworking Access Point (SNAP), 107
Event Viewer, 276
Exchange Server 2010, 278, 288
Customer Experience Improvement
Program, 282–283, 284
Exchange Management Console, 286–287
installation of, 279–286, 280, 281,
282, 283, 286, 287
mailboxes for, 286–294, 291, 292, 293
name for, 282
Outlook Web Access through, 291–293, 294
requirements for, 279, 280, 283–284, 285
exclusive OR (XOR) data, 184
Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing (EPIC), 178
extender device, 85
F
F5 Networks, 136
failover services, 166
Fast SCSI, 181
FAT. See File Allocation Table
FDDI. See Fiber Distributed Data Interface
Fedora Linux
Apache web server under, 361, 363
boot loader, 315–316, 316
420
Networking: A Beginner’s Guide
Fedora Linux (continued)
CD-ROM installation, 312

command line in, 331–333
command-line tools, 342–351
compatibility, 308–309
documentation tools in, 335–336
dual-boot system, 310–311
environment variables with, 332, 333–334
/etc/hosts file, 329–330, 330
Ethernet, 329, 329
file management in, 337–342
graphical user interface (GUI), 310, 324
hardware compatibility with, 308–309
hosts in, 329, 330, 330, 331
initial configuration, 316–318, 317
installation method, 311–312
installation tools of, 308
IP address, 329, 329
kernel of, 310
in live mode, 312
log in, 319, 320
miscellaneous tools with, 355–357
naming, 313, 313
Network Configuration window, 328
partitioning, 310–311, 314–315, 315
password, 327, 328
permissions, 340, 340–341, 341
preloaded, 308
problems with, 320–321
process tools with, 351–355
root account, 313–314, 324, 327,
328, 355, 356–357

settings, 319
user account, 317, 318
User Manager program, 324–327, 325, 326, 327
Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), 44
fiber-optic cable, 48
Fibre Channel, 182
file. See also permissions
compression, 345, 345
concatenate, 348
conversion, 344, 344
copying, 342
create, 346
display, 349
Fedora Linux, 337–342
find, 343, 343–344
ISO, 371, 381
linking, 342–343
listing, 337
moving, 342
normal, 337
server, 24
File Allocation Table (FAT), 229
file sharing, 23
licenses for, 25
security with, 24
in SOHO networking, 60
wide area network, 78
File Transfer Program (FTP), 101
with IIS, 302
File Transfer Protocol (FTP), 101

filename expansion, 332
financial statements, 393
find command, 343, 343–344
fingerprint readers, 146
FirePass, 136
firewall, 28, 150
application-based, 74
virtual private network, 135
5-4-3 rule, 41
floods, 163
floppy drive access, 382, 382
fob, 146
forest, 112, 116–117
functional level, 247, 250
naming of, 246, 249
fractional T-1, 86
frame-relay signaling, 86
frames, 30, 90
front-door threats, 149, 150–152
FTP. See File Transfer Program;
File Transfer Protocol
full backup, 170
full control, 147
full-duplex transmissions, 30
functional model, 118
G
GAO. See U.S. Government
Accounting Office
gateway server, 25
gateways, 73

Gbps. See billions of bits per second
GFS. See grandfather-father-son
Gmail, 26
goals, 4
going zombie, 353
GoToMyPC, 26
grandfather-father-son (GFS), 171–172
granularity, 172
graphical user interface (GUI), 310, 311, 324
groups. See also security groups
changing of, 339
remote office, 124, 125
work, 229, 230
guest account, 143
guest operating system, 366, 374, 375, 385
GUI. See graphical user interface
gzip, 345, 345
H
half-duplex transmissions, 30
hangup (HUP) signal, 354
The Happy Hacker: A Guide to (Mostly) Harmless
Computer Hacking (Meinel), 156
hard links, 338
421
Index
hardware, 7. See also Hardware
Compatibility List (HCL)
backup, 168, 169
client/server network, 23
compatibility, 225–226, 308–309

configuration, 226
with peer-to-peer network, 22
small office and home office networking, 61–62
testing, 227–228
Windows Server 2008, 225–226, 227–228
Hardware Compatibility List (HCL), 190, 225–226
Hare, Chris, 156
HCL. See Hardware Compatibility List
HDSL. See High-speed DSL
HELO command, 103, 103
hertz (Hz), 15
Hewlett Packard (HP), 228
hexadecimal numbering system, 14, 15
High-speed DSL (HDSL), 84
home appliances, 63
home-run wiring, 219
host
/etc/hosts file, 329–330, 330
Fedora Linux, 329–330, 330, 331
operating system, 366
RAM for, 374
in UNIX, 100, 311
host ID (hostid), 96
hostid. See host ID
HostOnly, 380
hot recovery site, 164
hot-swap components, 187
HP. See Hewlett Packard
HR. See human resources
HTML. See Hypertext Markup Language

HTTP. See Hypertext Transfer Protocol
HTTP Secure (HTTPS), 101
httpd, 360
httpd.conf, 363–364
HTTPS. See HTTP Secure
hub, 34, 35, 66, 69
bridges, 68
properties of, 68–69
for SOHO networking, 61
in star topology, 41
as switch, 68, 70, 70, 71
human resources (HR), 144
e-mail mailbox for, 278
HUP. See hangup signal
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), 101
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), 101
Hyper-V technology, 367
hypervisor, 366
Hz. See hertz
I
IBM, 47
ICANN. See Internet Corporation for
Assigned Names and Numbers
ICMP. See Internet Control Message Protocol
IDSL. See ISDN-based DSL
IIS. See Internet Information Services
incompatibility, 199
incremental backup, 170
independent disk mode, 377
info pages, 336, 337

information model, 118
information technology (IT), 5
init command, 354, 355
i-node, 338
inputs, 5
installation
Apache web server, 361–363
cable, 54
Exchange Server 2010, 279–286, 280,
281, 282, 283, 286, 287
Fedora Linux, 308, 311–312
network operation system, 192–193
point, 25
server, 192–193, 311
Ubuntu Linux, 385
Windows Server 2008, 231–250
installation point, shared, 25
Integrated Services Digital Network
(ISDN), 82–83, 132
Intel, 178
interface cards, 84–85
interfaces, 332. See also graphical user interface;
network interface card; Primary Rate Interface
disk, 181–182
virtual disk, 378
interference, wireless network, 63
internal controls, 395
deviations from, 401
IT department, 396–400
testing for, 400–401

International Standards Organization (ISO), 29, 117
International Telecommunications Union (ITU), 117
Internet, 27–28. See also Windows
Internet Name Service
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), 153
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and
Numbers (ICANN), 95
Internet Explorer, 102
for VMware Server, 369
Internet Firewalls and Network Security
(Hare and Sayan), 156
Internet Information Services (IIS), 285
FTP, 302
Manager window of, 303, 303
NNTP in, 303
SMTP with, 303
web-hosting, 302
Internet Protocol (IP), 30, 31, 90
Internet Protocol Exchange (IPX), 30, 31
Internet Protocol Security (IPSec), 134
Internet service provider (ISP), 95, 128, 130
internetworking device, 34
interrogation, 118
interviews, 4–5