SQL Server 2008 Hyber V Unleashed - p 16 doc

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5 Installing a Guest Session on Hyper-V
The operating systems that Microsoft supports as guest sessions under Windows 2008
Hyper-V are as follows:
. Windows Server 2008 x86 and x64
. Windows Server 2003 SP2 or higher x86 and x64
. Windows 2000 Server with SP4 and Windows 2000 Advanced Server with SP4
. Windows Vista x86 and x64
. Windows XP SP2 or later x86 and x64
. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP1 or later x86 and x64
NOTE
When attempting to install an operating system that may not be officially supported by
Microsoft, you might find that a network adapter driver, hard drive driver, audio/sound
driver, or the like is not supported, and either the operating system will fail to complete
the installation or it will appear to install correctly, but the guest session has no sup-
port to communicate externally because a network driver was not available to support
the guest session. Many times, legacy drivers will work, and a guest image will work
fine. Again, however, Microsoft technically only supports the operating systems they
state that they support for guest sessions.
Installing a Windows-Based Guest Operating
System Session
Assuming you have a Windows 2008 server with the Hyper-V installed and running, the
guest operating system installation is merely walking through the wizard-driven installa-
tion process. The Installation Wizard enables the administrator to configure settings for
the guest session, and to begin the installation of the guest operating system software
itself. A guest session could be a server-based session running something like Windows
Server 2003 or Windows Server 2008, or a client-based session running something like
Windows XP or Windows Vista. The installation of a non-Windows-based guest operating
system like Linux is covered in the section “Installing a Linux-Based Guest Operating
System Session” later in this chapter.

Gathering the Components Needed for a Windows-Based Guest Session
When creating a guest operating system, administrators need to make sure they have all
the components required to begin the installation. The components needed are as follows:
. Operating system media—A copy of the operating system is required for the instal-
lation of the guest image. The media can be either a DVD or an ISO image of the
media disc itself.
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Installing a Windows-Based Guest Operating System Session
. License key—During the installation of the operating system software, if you are
normally prompted to enter in the license key for the operating system, you should
have a copy of the license key available.
Other things you should do before starting to install a guest operating system on the
virtual server system include the following:
. Guest session configuration settings—You will be prompted to answer several core
guest session configuration setting options, such as how much RAM you want to
allocate for the guest session, how much disk space you want to allocate for the
guest image, and so on. Either jump ahead to the next section on “Beginning the
Installation of the Windows-Based Guest Session” so that you can gather the infor-
mation you’ll need to answer the questions you’ll be asked, or be prepared to answer
the questions during the installation process.
. Host server readiness—If you will be preplanning the answers to the questions that
you’ll be asked, make sure that the host system has enough RAM, disk space, and so
on to support the addition of your guest session to the virtual server system. If your
requirements exceed the physical capacity of the server, stop and add more resources
(memory, disk space, and so on) to the server before beginning the installation of
the guest operating system.
Beginning the Installation of the Windows-Based Guest Session
Guest session installation follow the same process whether for Windows Server 2003,

Windows Server 2008, Windows XP, or Windows Vista. So, the process is covered here just
once. Because the process of installing any Windows-based guest operating system is the
same, the following procedures are the same for any guest session installation.
To begin the process of installing a Windows-based guest operating system, launch the
Hyper-V Administration console:
1. Click Start, All Programs, Administrative Tools, and then choose Hyper-V
Management for the tool to launch.
2. Click Virtualization Services to see the virtual servers to which you are connected.
3. Click the name of one of the virtual servers listed to see the virtual machines and
actions available for the confirmation of the server system. By default, the Hyper-V
MMC will have the local virtual server system listed, as shown in Figure 5.1.
With the Hyper-V Administration tool up on your screen, you can now begin the process
of installing a guest operating system. Launch the guest operating system Installation
Wizard by doing the following:
1. From the Actions pane, choose New, Virtual Machine.
2. Click Next to continue past the initial Welcome screen.
3. Give your virtual machine a name that will be descriptive of the virtual guest session
you are creating, such as AD Global Catalog Server, or Exchange 2007 Client
Access Server 1, or ISA Proxy Server.
5
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5 Installing a Guest Session on Hyper-V
FIGURE 5.1 Virtualization Management Console.
4. If you had set the default virtual machine folder location where guest images are
stored, the new image for this virtual machine will be placed in that default folder.
However, if you need to select a different location where the image files should be
stored, click Create a New Folder for the Virtual Machine Files, and select Browse to
choose an existing disk directory or to create a new directory where the image file

for this guest session should be stored. Click Next to continue.
5. Enter in the amount of RAM you want allocated to this guest image in megabytes
(so 2GB should be 2048), and then click Next.
6. Choose the network segment to which you want this guest image to be initially
connected. This would be an internal or external segment created in the “Managing
Host Server, Virtual Switch, and Disk Settings” sections of Chapter 6. Click Next.
NOTE
You can c hoos e N ot Con nect ed duri ng thi s v ir t u al mach ine cre atio n proc e ss and
change the network segment option at a later date.
7. The next option allows you to create a new virtual hard disk or use an existing
virtual hard disk for the guest image file. Creating a new virtual hard disk creates a
VHD disk image in the directory you choose. By default, a dynamic virtual disk
image size setting is set to 127GB. The actual file itself will only be the size needed
to run the image (potentially 4GB or 8GB to start) and will dynamically grow up to
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Installing a Windows-Based Guest Operating System Session
the size noted in this setting. Alternatively, you can choose an existing hard disk
image you might have already created (including an older image you might have
created in Microsoft Virtual Server 2005), or you can choose to select a hard disk
image later. The options for this configuration are shown in Figure 5.2. Click Next to
continue.
5
8. The next option, shown in Figure 5.3, allows for the installation of an operating
system on the disk image you created in the preceding step. You can choose to
install an operating system at a later time, install an operating system from a
bootable CD/DVD or ISO image file, install an operating system from a floppy disk
image, or install an operating system from a network-based installation server (such
as Remote Installation Service [RIS]). Typically, operating system source discs are on

either a physical disc or ISO image file, and choosing a CD or DVD or an associated
ISO image file will allow for the operating system to be installed on the guest image.
Select your option, and then click Next to continue.
9. Review the summary of the options you have selected and either click Previous to go
back and make changes or click Finish if the settings you’ve chosen are fine. There is
a Start the Virtual Machine Once This Wizard Is Finished check box that you can
choose that will launch the guest session and begin the guest session installation
process. If you need to make changes to the settings, you would not want to select
this option yet—just click Finish so that you can make configuration setting changes
and start the installation process after that.
FIGURE 5.2 Virtual Hard Disk creation or selection option.
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FIGURE 5.3 Choosing the installation mechanism for the guest session.
Completing the Installation of the Windows-Based Guest Session
The guest operating system installation will proceed to install just like the process of
installing the operating system on a physical system. Typically, at the end of an operating
system installation, the guest session restarts and brings the session to a logon prompt.
Log on to the guest operating system and configure the guest operating system as you
would any other server system. This typically has you do things such as the following:
1. Change the system name to a name that you want the virtual server to be. For many
versions of operating systems, you will be prompted to enter the name of the system
during the installation process.
2. Configure the guest session with an appropriate IP address. This might be DHCP
issued; however, if you are building a server system, a static IP address is typically
recommended.
3. Join the system to an Active Directory domain (assuming the system will be part
of a managed Active Directory Domain Services environment with centralized
administration).

4. Download and apply the latest patches and updates on the guest session to confirm
that all patches and updates have been installed and applied to the system.
The installation of the guest operating system typically requires yet another reboot, and
then the operating system will be installed and operational.
5 Installing a Guest Session on Hyper-V
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Installing a Linux-Based Guest Operating System Session
5
Installing a Linux-Based Guest Operating System
Session
The installation of a Linux-based guest session is a little different from installing a
Windows-based guest session in that the best way to install the Linux-based guest session
is to install the Linux integration components at the time of the installation of the operat-
ing system. Although it is not imperative that you install the Linux integration compo-
nents at the time of installation, if you do install the components at the time of
installation, you get better integrated driver support for the guest Linux session.
Two of the main components in the Linux integration components are
1. Driver support for network and storage controllers—The Linux integration
components include synthetic controller support for network adapters and storage
adapters optimized specifically for Hyper-V. These special drivers take advantage of
the VMBus in Hyper-V that provides high-speed communications and connectivity
of network and storage device guest sessions.
2. Hypercall adapter—In addition, the Linux integration components include a hyper-
call adapter layer under the Linux kernel that translates Xen-specific virtualization
function calls to Hyper-V hypercalls. This provides additional performance improve-
ments for Linux-based guest sessions.
Assuming you have a Windows 2008 server with the Hyper-V installed and running, the
Linux-based guest operating system installation follows a structured step-by-step installa-

tion procedure. The Installation Wizard enables the administrator to configure settings for
the guest session and to begin the installation of the guest operating system software
itself.
Gathering the Components Needed for a Linux-Based Guest Session
When creating a guest operating system, administrators need to make sure they have all
the components required to begin the installation. The components needed are as follows:
. Operating system media—A copy of the operating system is required for the instal-
lation of the guest image. The media could be either a DVD or an ISO image of the
media disc itself.
. License key—During the installation of the operating system software, if you are
normally prompted to enter in the license key for the operating system, you should
have a copy of the license key available.
Other things you should do before starting to install a guest operating system on the
virtual server system include the following:
. Guest session configuration settings—You will be prompted to answer several core
guest session configuration setting options, such as how much RAM you want to
allocate for the guest session, how much disk space you want to allocate for the
guest image, and so on. Either jump ahead to the next section on “Beginning the
Installation of the Linux-Based Guest Session” so that you can gather up the infor-
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5 Installing a Guest Session on Hyper-V
mation you’ll need to answer the questions you’ll be asked, or be prepared to answer
the questions during the installation process.
. Host server readiness—If you will be preplanning the answers to the questions that
you’ll be asked, make sure that the host system has enough RAM, disk space, and so
on to support the addition of your guest session to the virtual server system. If your
requirements exceed the physical capacity of the server, stop and add more resources
(memory, disk space, and so on) to the server before beginning the installation of

the guest operating system.
Beginning the Installation of the Linux-Based Guest Session
The installation of the Linux-based guest session uses the following procedures. To begin
the process of installing a Linux-based guest operating system, launch the Hyper-V
Administration console:
1. Click Start, All Programs, Administrative Tools, and then choose Hyper-V
Management for the tool to launch.
2. Click Virtualization Services to see the virtual servers to which you are connected.
3. Click the name of one of the virtual servers listed to see the virtual machines and
actions available for the confirmation of the server system. By default, the Hyper-V
MMC will have the local virtual server system listed.
With the Hyper-V Administration tool up on your screen, you can now begin the process
of installing a Linux-based guest operating system. Launch the guest operating system
Installation Wizard by doing the following:
1. From the Actions pane, choose New, Virtual Machine.
2. Click Next to continue past the initial Welcome screen.
3. Give your virtual machine a name that will be descriptive of the virtual guest session
you are creating, such as Apache Web Server, or SMTP Mailhost, or the like.
4. If you had set the default virtual machine folder location where guest images are
stored, the new image for this virtual machine will be placed in that default folder.
However, if you need to select a different location where the image files should be
stored, click Create a New Folder for the Virtual Machine Files, and select Browse to
choose an existing disk directory or to create a new directory where the image file
for this guest session should be stored. Click Next to continue.
5. Enter in the amount of RAM you want allocated to this guest image in megabytes
(so 2GB should be 2048), and then click Next.
6. Choose the network segment to which you want this guest image to be initially
connected. This would be an internal or external segment created the “Managing
Host Server, Virtual Switch, and Disk Settings” section of Chapter 6. Click Next.
NOTE

You can c hoos e N ot Con nect ed duri ng thi s v ir t u al mach ine cre atio n proc e ss and
change the network segment option at a later date.
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Installing a Linux-Based Guest Operating System Session
5
7. The next option allows you to create a new virtual hard disk or use an existing
virtual hard disk for the guest image file. Creating a new virtual hard disk creates a
VHD disk image in the directory you choose. By default, a dynamic virtual disk
image size setting is set to 127GB. The actual file itself will only be the size needed
to run the image (potentially 4GB or 8GB to start) and will dynamically grow up to
the sized noted in this setting. Alternatively, you can choose an existing hard disk
image you might have already created (including an older image you might have
created in Microsoft Virtual Server 2005), or you can choose to select a hard disk
image later. Click Next to continue.
8. The next option allows for the installation of an operating system on the disk image
you created in the preceding step. You can choose to install an operating system at a
later time, install an operating system from a bootable CD/DVD or ISO image file,
install an operating system from a floppy disk image, or install an operating system
from a network-based installation server (such as RIS). Typically, operating system
source discs are on either a physical disc or ISO image file, and choosing a CD or
DVD or an associated ISO image file will allow for the operating system to be
installed on the guest image. Select your option, and then click Next to continue.
9. Review the summary of the options you have selected and either click Previous to go
back and make changes or click on Finish if the settings you’ve chosen are fine. There
is a Start the Virtual Machine Once This Wizard Is Finished check box that you can
choose that will launch the guest session and begin the guest session installation
process. If you need to make changes to the settings, you would not want to select
this option yet—just click Finish so that you can make configuration setting changes

and start the installation process after that.
Completing the Installation of the Linux-Based Guest Session (x86)
The guest operating system installation will proceed to install just like the process of
installing the operating system on a physical system. When installing the Linux-based
guest session, make sure the development packages include the compilers necessary to
install the Linux integration components.
Typically, at the end of an operating system installation, the guest session restarts and
brings the session to a logon prompt. Log on to the guest operating system and configure
the guest operating system as you would any other server system. From a command
prompt, mount the Linux integration components media to gain access to the files on the
media to complete the installation of the files. The installation process is as follows:
1. Run the rpm command to install the kernel drivers. Check the actual name of the
RPM file of the installation media you are using as the version will likely vary based
on when you downloaded the Linux integration components. However, for this
example, the RPM filename is kernel-xen-2.6.16.46-0.12.i586.rpm for the x86
version. Therefore, run the following command:
$ rpm –ivh /mnt/cdrom/suse/i586/kernel-xen-2.6.16.46-0.12.i586.rpm
2. Dismount the Linux integration tools media and mount the LinuxIC.iso file.
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5 Installing a Guest Session on Hyper-V
3. Copy the Linux integration components to the virtual machine using the command
similar to this:
$ mkdir /opt/linux_ic
$ cp /mnt/cdrom/* /opt/linux_ic -R
4. Install the hypercall adapter driver inside the virtual guest session. Run the follow-
ing command:
$ /opt/linux_ic/setup.pl x2v /boot/grub/menu.lst
5. Reboot the Linux guest session.

6. After the Linux guest session restarts, the network and storage drivers need to be
installed. To install the drivers, run the following command:
$ /opt/linux_ic/setup.pl drivers
The installation of the guest operating system typically requires yet another reboot, and
then the operating system will be installed and operational.
Completing the Installation of the Linux-Based Guest Session (x64)
The guest operating system installation process for an x64 system is slightly different
because the x64 hypercall adapter needs to be patched, prepared, and then installed,
requiring additional steps.
At the end of the x64 operating system installation, the guest session restarts and brings
the session to a logon prompt. Log on to the guest operating system and configure the
guest operating system as you would any other server system. From a command prompt,
mount the Linux integration components media to gain access to the files on the media
to complete the installation of the files. The installation process is as follows:
1. Run the rpm command to install the kernel drivers. Check the actual name of the
RPM file of the installation media you are using as the version will likely vary based
on when you downloaded the Linux integration components. However, for this
example, the RPM filename is kernel-xen-2.6.16.46-0.12.x86_64.rpm for the x64
version. Therefore, run the following command:
$ rpm –ivh /mnt/cdrom/suse/i586/kernel-xen-2.6.16.46-0.12.x86_64.rpm
2. Dismount the Linux integration tools media and mount the LinuxIC.iso file.
3. Copy the Linux integration components to the virtual machine using the command
similar to this:
$ mkdir /opt/linux_ic
$ cp /mnt/cdrom/* /opt/linux_ic -R
4. Install the Linux kernel source code by launching YaST (Control Center,
Administrative Settings, Software Management).
5. In the Filter drop-down box, choose Package Groups.
6. Install the Development | Source | Kernel-Source package group.
7. Copy and apply the hypercall patch to the kernel source code by doing the

following:
$ cd /usr/src/linux-2.6.16.46-0.12
$ cp /opt/linux_ic/patch/x2v-x64-sles.patch
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Modifying Guest Session Configuration Settings
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$ patch –l –p1 < x2v-x64-sles.patch
$ cp /boot/config-2.6.16.46-0.12-xen ./.config
$ make oldconfig
$ make vmlinuz
$ cp vmlinuz /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.46-0.12-xen
8. Install the x2v hypercall adapter by doing the following:
$ cd /opt/linux_ic
$ perl setup.pl x2v /boot/grub/menu.lst
9. Reboot the Linux guest session.
10. After the Linux guest session restarts, the network and storage drivers need to be
installed. To install the drivers, run the following command:
$ /opt/linux_ic/setup.pl drivers
The installation of the guest operating system typically requires yet another reboot, and
then the operating system will be installed and operational.
Modifying Guest Session Configuration Settings
After a guest session has been installed, whether it is a Microsoft Windows server guest
session, a Microsoft Windows client guest session, or a guest session running a non-
Windows operating system, the host configuration settings for the guest session can be
changed. Common changes to a guest session include things such as the following:
. Adding or limiting the RAM of the guest session
. Changing network settings of the guest session
. Mounting a CD/DVD image or mounting a physical CD/DVD disc

Adding or Limiting the RAM of the Guest Session
A common configuration change that is made for a guest session is to increase or
decrease the amount of memory allocated to the guest session. The default memory allo-
cated to the system frequently is fine for a basic system configuration; however, with the
addition of applications to the guest session, there might be a need to increase the
memory. As long as the host server system has enough memory to allocate additional
memory to the guest session, adding memory to a guest session is a simple task.
To add memory to the guest session, do the following:
1. From the Server Manager console or from the Virtualization MMC snap-in, click to
select the guest session for which you want to change the allocated memory.
2. Right-click the guest session name, and choose Settings.
3. Click Memory and enter in the amount of RAM you want allocated for this guest
session (in megabytes).
4. Click OK when you have finished.
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