First Certificate language practice with key 4 doc

FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE
6 Put each verb in brackets into either the present simple or the present
continuous.
Dear Aunt Jean,
I (1) am just writing. (just write) how to tell you how much I
(2) (appreciate) the money you sent me, and to tell you
how I (3) (get on) in my first term at university Actually I
(4) (really enjoy) myself! I (5) (study)
quite hard as well, but at the moment I (6) (spend) a lot of
time just making friends. I (7) (still stay) with my friend
Sue, and I (8) (look for) somewhere of my own to live. Only
a few of the first-year students (9) (live) in college here,
and I (10) (seem) to be spending a lot of time travelling
backwards and forwards. I (11) (go) to lectures every
morning, and most afternoons I (12) (study) in the library.
In fact I (13) (write) this letter instead of an essay on
Hamletl I (14) (think) I'll buy some new clothes with the
money you sent. Everything (15) (cost) a lot here, and I
(16) (save) to buy a winter coat. It
(17) (get) really cold here in the evenings. I now
(18) (know) some other students and generally speaking
we (19) (have) quite a good time socially! I
(20) (also learn) to drive. See you soon.
Katherine
Key points 1 The present simple describes facts and habitual actions. The present continuous
describes actions which are still in progress at the time of speaking.
2 Many verbs which describe states rather than momentary events can only be
used in the simple form. Many verbs describing mental activities (understand,
know) are of this kind.
3 Some verbs have both state and event meanings, but the meanings are not the
same.

4 When describing a photograph, we usually describe the scene as if it is
happening now, and use the present continuous.
5 Present tense forms are also used to refer to future time. See Grammar 3.
6 Where some languages use present tenses, English uses the present perfect. See
Grammar 2.
I've lived in Milan all my life.
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use
between two and five words, including the word given.
a) There's a party at Mary's house next week.
having
Next week Mary's having a party at her house.
b) When you phoned me, it was my lunch time.
I
When you phoned me lunch.
c) I started working here three years ago.
for
I've three years.
d) Our meeting is tomorrow.
a
We tomorrow.
e) I haven't had a Chinese meal for ages.
since
It's a Chinese meal.
f) David went home before we arrived.
had
When we home.
g) The arrival time of Helen's flight is 8.00.
at
Helen's flight 8.00.

h) Hurry up! We'll get to the theatre after the beginning of the play.
will
By the time we get to the theatre, the play
begun.
i) Oh no! My wallet is missing.
lost
Oh no! I wallet.
j) I've only recently started wearing glasses.
wear
I recently.
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FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE
2. Put each word in brackets into a suitable verb form.
Moving house
I come from a very large family, and recently my parents (1) decided
(decide) that they (2) (spend) long enough living in an
overcrowded house in Birmingham. 'We (3) (move) to the
country', my father (4) (announce) one evening. 'I
(5) (sell) this house, and we (6) (live) on
a farm.' So last week we (7) (load) all our possessions into
two hired vans, and for the last few days we (8) (try) to
organize ourselves in our new home. Yesterday, for example, my three brothers
and I (9) (start) painting the downstairs rooms.
Unfortunately while I (10) (mix) the paint, one of my sisters
(11) (open) the door. Nobody (12) (tell)
her that we (13) (be) in the room, you see. So instead of
painting the walls, we (14) (spend) all morning cleaning the
paint off the floor. But worse things (15) (happen) since
then. This morning when I (16) (wake up), water
(17) (drip) through the ceiling next to my bed. We

(18) (spend) today so far repairing the roof. It's not all bad
news, though. The school in the village nearby (19) (close
down) two years ago, and my parents (20) (not find)
another school for us yet. *
3 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first
sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use
between two and five words, including the word given.
a) Jack left the office before I arrived there.
already
When I arrived at the office Jack had already
left
b) Do you know how to drive this kind of car?
ever
Have this kind of car before
c) This is my first visit to Scotland.
I
This is the first time Scotland
d) During dinner, the phone rang.
I
While phone rang
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GRAMMAR 5 CONSOLIDATION 1
e) Do you have any plans for Saturday evening?
doing
What Saturday evening?
f) I started this job five years ago.
been
I have five years.
g) Is this car yours?
you

Do car?
h) Look at those black clouds! There's rain on the way!
to
Look at those black clouds! It's rain.
i) Our twenty-fifth wedding anniversary is in June next year.
for
By June next year we twenty-five years.
j) I haven't been to the cinema for two months.
time
The the cinema was two months ago.
4 Put each verb in brackets into a suitable verb form.
At the dentist's
I was on time for my dentist's appointment, but the dentist was still busy with
another patient, so I (1) sat. (sit) in the waiting room and
(2) (read) some of the old magazines lying there. While I
(3) (wonder) whether to leave and come back another day, I
(4) (notice) a magazine article about teeth. It
(5) (begin): 'How long is it since you last
(6) (go) to the dentist? (7) (you go)
regularly every six months? Or (8) (you put off) your visit for
the last six years?' Next to the article was a cartoon of a man in a dentist's chair.
The dentist (9) (say): 'I'm afraid this (10)
(hurt).' I (11) (suddenly realise) that my tooth
(12) (stop) aching. But just as I (13) (open)
the door to leave, the dentist's door (14) (open). 'Next please,'
he (15) (call), as the previous patient (16)
(push) past me. 'Actually I'm not here to see you, I (17) (wait)
for my friend,' I (18) (shout), leaving as rapidly as I could.
(19) (you ever do) this kind of thing? Surely I can't be the
only person who (20) (hate) the dentist!

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FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE
5 Look carefully at each line. Some of the lines are correct, and some have a word
which should not be there. Tick each correct line. If a line has a word which
should not be there, write the word in the space.
Meeting again
Dear Harry,
Do you remember me?
We have met last year when you were on holiday
in Brighton. I'm sorry I haven't been written to you
since by then. I have been working abroad and
I have only just come back home to England.
Next week I am planning is to be in Bristol, and
I was thinking about that we could meet.
Do you remember Shirley, the girl we have met
in Brighton? We are getting married next month,
and we are want you to come to the wedding.
I have lost your phone number, but when
I have get to Bristol I'll try to contact you.
It will be great to see you again. Are you still
studying, or I have you found a job?
You won't recognise me when you will see me!
I had my hair cut last week, and now I look at
completely different. Shirley doesn't like men
with long hair, you see!
Best wishes,
Graham Norris
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GRAMMAR 5 CONSOLIDATION 1
6 Decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each space.

The latest news
Dear Linda,
I'm sorry I (1) B. to you for so long, but I (2)
very busy lately. All last month I (3) exams, and I
(4) anything else but study for ages. Anyway, I
(5) studying now, and I (6) for my exam
results.
As you can see from this letter, I (7) my address and
(8) in Croydon now. I (9) that I wanted a
change from central London because it (10) so expensive. A
friend of mine (11) me about this flat, and I
(12) here about two months ago. When you
(13) to London this summer, please visit me. I
(14) here until the middle of August. Then I
(15) on holiday to Scotland.
Please write soon,
Margaret
1)
A don't write
B haven't written
C am not writing D wasn't writing
2)
A was being
B had been C am
D have been
3)
A had
B was having C had had
D have had
4)

A haven't done
B don't do
C wasn't doing
D am not doing
5)
A stop
B will have stopped
C have stopped D was stopping
6)
A wait
B am waiting
C have waited D was waiting
7)
A am changing B had changed
C will change D have changed
8)
A will live
B have been living Clive
D have lived
9)
A decided
B have decided
C was deciding D decide
10) A will become
B becomes C has become
D will have become
11)
A tells
Btold
C was telling

D will tell
12)
A have moved
B had moved C was moving
D moved
13) A will come B came C come
D were coming
14) A am staying B stayed C stay
D have stayed
15) A have gone
B went
C am going
D will have gone
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Explanations
With tense • Summary of tense changes
changes Tenses move back in time after a past tense reporting verb.
'I agree.' Peter said he agreed.
I'm leaving.' Jane said she was leaving.
But the past perfect remains the same.
'No, I hadn't forgotten.' Greg said that he hadn't forgotten.
For Modals (can, may, must, should) see Grammar 16.
• Main verb changes
In complex sentences, only the first verb is changed.
'I was walking home when I saw the accident.'
James said he had been walking home when he saw the accident.
• Reference words
Some words referring to people, places and time change in indirect speech,
because the point of reference changes.

'I'll see you here tomorrow, Jack,' said Mary.
Mary told Jack she would see him there the next day.
'I gave you this yesterday.'
John said he had given it to her the day before.
Other words of this kind appear in the Practice section.
Without tense • Present tense reports
changes If the reporting verb is in the present tense, there is no change.
Brenda says she's arriving at about 6.00.
• Past tense reports
If the reported words are 'always true', there is no change.
Harry told me that he still likes you.
If a message is being repeated immediately, there is no change.
Mary said she's too busy to come.
Questions • Reporting questions
Yes/No questions are reported using if. The verb does not have a question
form, but has the form of a normal statement. There is no question mark.
'Do you like hamburgers?
Charles asked me if I liked hamburgers.
Wh- questions are reported with the question word. The verb has the form of
a normal statement. There is no question mark.
'Where are we going?' I asked Sue where we were going.
GRAMMAR 6 INDIRECT SPEECH
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• Reporting polite questions
We can use a phrase like Could you tell me or Do you know to ask for
information in a polite way. Note the word order.
'Where is the station?' 'Could you tell me where the station is?'
When we report this kind of question we use ask and the usual tense change
rules.
I asked him where the station was.

Commands and • Commands are reported with tell and the infinitive.
requests 'Go away!' He told me to go away.
- Requests are reported with ask and the infinitive.
'Please help me.' He asked her to help him.
Reporting verbs • Say or tell?
We say something and we tell somebody.
I said I could meet you this evening, but I'm really busy.
I told you I could meet you this evening, but I'm really busy.
We can use to after say, but we never use to between tell and the object.
/ said to him that I'd meet him this evening.
• Other reporting verbs
Exercises 8 and 9 in the Practice section use some other common reporting
verbs. The meaning and grammar of each verb can be found in a good
dictionary and should be learned. For example:
She suggested going to the beach. (suggest + -ing form)
She offered to give me a lift. {offer + infinitive)
She reminded me to call my mother. (remind + object + infinitive)
Paraphrase It is often impossible or unnecessary to report every word spoken.
'Excuse me, do you think you could tell me the time?'
He asked me what the time was.
1 Underline the most suitable verb form in each sentence.
a) Helen asked me if I liked visiting old buildings.
Do you like/Did you like visiting old buildings?' asked Helen.
b) Bill asked Mary if she had done anything the previous weekend.
'Have you done /Did you do anything last weekend?'
c) The policeman asked me if the car belonged to me.
'Does/Did this car belong to you?' asked the policeman.
d) Fiona asked me if I had seen her umbrella anywhere.
'Did you see/Have you seen my umbrella anywhere?' asked Fiona.
e) Joe asked Tina when she would get back.

'When will you get/have you got back?' asked Joe.
f) Eddie asked Steve who he had been to the cinema with.
'Who did you go/had you been to the cinema with?' asked Eddie.
g) My parents asked me what time I had got home the night before.
'What time did you get/have you got home last night?' my parents asked.
h) David asked a passer-by if it was the right road for Hastings.
'Is/Was this the right road for Hastings?' asked David.
2 Rewrite each sentence as direct speech.
a) Graham told Ian he would see him the following day.
I'll see you tomorrow, Ian,' said Graham.
b) Pauline told the children their swimming things were not there.
c) David told me my letter had arrived the day before.
d) Shirley told Larry she would see him that evening.
e) Bill told Stephen he hadn't been at home that morning.
f) Margaret told John to phone her on the following day.
g) Tim told Ron he was leaving that afternoon.
h) Christine told Michael she had lost her lighter the night before.
FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE
GRAMMAR 6 INDIRECT SPEECH
3 Rewrite each sentence as indirect speech, beginning as shown.
a) 'You can't park here.'
The police officer told Jack tkfti h&.fAliXdxC.t.pAT.k,.th&C^
b) 'I'll see you in the morning, Helen.'
Peter told Helen
c) 'I'm taking the 5.30 train tomorrow evening.'
Janet said
d) 'The trousers have to be ready this afternoon.'
Paul told the dry-cleaners
e) 'I left my umbrella here two days ago.'
Susan told them

f) 'The parcel ought to be here by the end of next week.'
Brian said
g) 'I like this hotel very much.'
Diana told me
h) 'I think it's going to rain tonight.'
William said
4 Rewrite each question in indirect speech, beginning as shown.
a) 'What time does the film start, Peter?'
I asked Peter what time the film started.
b) 'Do you watch television every evening, Chris?'
The interviewer asked
c) 'Why did you apply for this job?' asked the sales manager.
The sales manager asked me
d) 'Are you taking much money with you to France?'
My bank manager wanted to know
e) 'When will I know the results of the examination?'
Maria asked the examiner
f) 'Are you enjoying your flight?'
The flight attendant asked me
g) 'How does the photocopier work?'
I asked the salesman
h) 'Have you ever been to Japan, Paul?'
Sue asked Paul
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