Hóa đại cương - Phần 4 pot
Bạn đang xem bản rút gọn của tài liệu. Xem và tải ngay bản đầy đủ của tài liệu tại đây (1.29 MB, 56 trang )
CHEMICAL KINETICS
CHEMICAL KINETICS
CHEMICAL KINETICS
The applications of chemistry mainly focus
on chemical reactions.
►Need to know several of its characteristics:
Stoichiometry
Energetics
Rate
CHEMICAL KINETICS
The area of chemistry that concerns
reaction rates is called chemical kinetics
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
The Rate Law Versus the Stoichiometry
The Rate Law Versus the Stoichiometry
of a Reaction
of a Reaction
CH
CH
3
3
Br (
Br (
aq
aq
) + OH
) + OH
-
-
(
(
aq
aq
)
)
→
→
CH
CH
3
3
OH(
OH(
aq
aq
) + Br
) + Br
-
-
(
(
aq
aq
)
)
Rate =
Rate =
k
k
(CH
(CH
3
3
Br)(OH
Br)(OH
-
-
)
)
(CH
(CH
3
3
)
)
3
3
CBr(
CBr(
aq
aq
) +OH
) +OH
-
-
(
(
aq
aq
)
)
→
→
(CH
(CH
3
3
)
)
3
3
COH(
COH(
aq)
aq)
+ Br
+ Br
-
-
(
(
aq
aq
)
)
Rate = k((CH
Rate = k((CH
3
3
)
)
3
3
CBr)
CBr)
►
►
The rate law for a reaction cannot be
The rate law for a reaction cannot be
predicted from the stoichiometry of
predicted from the stoichiometry of
the reaction; it must be determined
the reaction; it must be determined
experimentally.
experimentally.
2 HI(
2 HI(
g
g
)
)
→
→
H
H
2
2
(
(
g
g
) + I
) + I
2
2
(
(
g
g
)
)
Rate =
Rate =
k
k
(HI)
(HI)
2
2
2 N
2 N
2
2
O
O
5
5
(
(
g
g
)
)
→
→
4 NO
4 NO
2
2
(
(
g
g
) + O
) + O
2
2
(
(
g
g
)
)
Rate =
Rate =
k
k
(N
(N
2
2
O
O
5
5
)
)
The Rate Law Versus the Stoichiometry
The Rate Law Versus the Stoichiometry
of a Reaction
of a Reaction
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
< TARGET="display">
