Nguyên lý thiết kế cấu tạo các công trình kiến trúc 14 doc

-
CAu thang hinh thdc ban dAm
:
K6t c6u chju lqc c6
2
phAn
:
bhn va dAm nghi&ng (dAm lim6ng).
Cung co thd c6u tao ban va b$c thang thanh mat khSi, Iuc nAy b$c thang gidng
nha m$t dAm nh6 tqa tr6n dAm nghieng, dam nghieng tga l&n dAm chidu nghi.
Quail he giiia bin, bijc va ddm nghisng
co
mgy trairng hdp sau
:
+
Bin, b$c
d
phia tr&n dAm, v& phamg diqn chju lqc kdt cgu hdp ly, nhmg d$m
16 xudng phia d~di nhi&u.
+
Bhn, bijc d$t
6
phia dadi dAm, nha
v$y
tr6n phsng, dep,
d6
lam v$ sinh.
+
Bhn, b$c dst
3
gida ddm

:
Tuy tinh hinh
cu
th6 in6i thin thang
co
th6 b6 tri mot
dAm chju ban b$c
:
dAm cllju mat dAu, dAu kia ciia ban b$c k& vao tUirng,
host
the0 kQt
cau co~lsole Inat ddin hoQc
2
d&in dgt
6
gida ban b$c. (H6-33)
VI1
Cau
tao
bo
ph&n
bao
ve
:
11-
La11
can
-
tay
vin

:
(H6-38)
1.1-
Mo
ti
:
Lan can, tay vjn 18 bo ph$n cgu tao d6 bao dim an toan cho nguai di lai
va thoai mrii khi sir dung. No co th& dung vgt lieu bang go, d6ng thau, thtp, chat
d6o
vB
betong cot thCp. VC hinh thirc c6 th& la lan can dac hoac Ian can r8ng
:
-
Lan can dgc
:
Thbng thuhg Ihm bing bCtdng, gach. Khi Iim bang bCt8ng thuhg
neu ciiu kien toin kh6i thi c$n dd liCn vdi than thang. Neu Ihm b5ng gach thuhg bing
114 gach, d6 b60 dam do cdng can phii gia c6 bbi cic giang b$t8ng cot thtp the0 chi&u
doc Ian can.
-
Lan can rong thoang thuhg 1hm bing kim loai, g18
:
Lan can loai nay thoang nhe,
trang tri
the0 nhieu hinh thirc, nhung phAi dHm bAo dugc an tohn v6i c6c khoing tr6ng
khong duqc
lh
hm 15cm (khoang cho dAu nguai chui lot).
1.2-
Lien

ket
tay vin vao Ian can, Ian can vao than thang
:
Tay vln duqc 1hm bang nhi&u loai v+t lieu
:
go, dong, thCp, nhbm, granito

Tilt ci
vat litu niy cdn bao dim nhan, khang b6m bui nhieu. Lien ket cc6 th6 bang dinh, dinh
vit, hhn hoac
liCn k&t tohn kh6i
:
Lien ket Ian can vio thin thang
:
+
Khi che tao thin thang c$n chila sZn 118, sau khi Ihp Ian can vio, 16 duqc tr6m kin
bang
v3a ximang.
+
Li$n k6t hhn
:
khi thanh chong Ian can bang thtp ong,
b
bAn bgc chbn s%n nhkg
thCp ban, sau d6 hhn ong sat vao.
co hinh thuc nhe nhang.
1.3-
Xir
19
chb xoay chuy6n hrrdng clia tay vjn Ian can

:
ThBng thubng d6i vdi c8u thang 2 ve" hay nhi$u ve" thi dubng truc Ian can
tay
vin dugc dQt song song vdi dbn thiin thang.
*
Cac xir ly
:
-
U6n cong tay vin, giim chi&u siiu, giAi phap nay 1gi kh6ng gian, nhung
gia c8ng kho.
-
Mb r$ng chi& nghi hoQc b6 tri b$c so le b chi& nghi.
-
Kh6ng lam song song vdi dh thang giii phap nay chi dung cho cac
c8u thang phu.
2)- M4t b@c va miii b@c thang
:
(H6-39)
2.1- Hinh
thdc b8o ve mfii b@c
:
Dung vira xi mang hoQc cac loai vat lieu it bi mai mbn lam moi b$c, c6
the" lam vat hoQc lugn trbn d$ khi budc kh6i bi vip.
2.2- M$t b@c thang c6 b8n gidng nhrr m$t san
:
-
MQt b@c lang v8a xi milng mac 80- 100 day 20 mm, hay trit granito.
De"
ch6ng trugt, trCn mQt b@c nCn lam gb b5ng vat lieu it bi mbn (cabonrundum).
-

Mat b@c 1at
:
gach hoa, da cim thach, tim cao su, chit dCo.
can
lung
cac
.
Dl5
urn).
~inh
6,3a
TH&N
THANG
H6.5-7.
~6u
thang
d6i
hddng 180° (3 v6
I
v6 gi& phin tdng ra
2
bin
8.
~bu
thang vbng
(
2
v6')
9.

du
thang lech t6hg
10.
C6u
thang tdn
11.
Ca'u
thang
d6i
hdng 1 80° (2
v6
chi&
ngh;
I/?
hi'& trh
)
12.
C6u
t hang th&g 1 v&'
13.
C~U
thang
d6i
hddng
(
4
vi
1
vin
H6-60- Khodng rijng &n d6'l 66n vj ngdi

di
lin xu669
tfmq
&u
thang
6
H6, 6bZ,Chie"u rmg thang
nhb
wng 6ng
L
0
J
6
A
H6.aLTharn
s6
&u tqo
chi&
ngh;
Blrdc bi'nh thddng
4.
-
?
4
4
4 4
~i
bd6c dtrn ch6n
H6.9,
~hodn~ dch

di
lot
G
G
1.
Gn bec thang tqi chi& nghr
cBddilg bddf.
(3)
G
-
DA=
CB
=
l15xG
,
Chia cung ab thdnh 8 ph6n
b&ng nhau
-
dc
di6h
&ia
[d
1,3,5,7
d$ ve'
ddy
cung xdc djnh rnci
2.
Chi&
nghiV dd* n6; @ng
1

G
t r&n
1
nh&h thmg
.
boc thahg
3.
Chit&
nghf dd6c ndi rGng
1h
G
trf n cd
2
nh6nh thang
.
~6.10.
xd
I;
tay vin tqi
+i&
rghi'
(
xody
gdc dt5\ hddng
90°
1
1
A
6
-

-
Q,)
TAYU~N
c\;
SA"U
411,
G
VAO
Cti't&~,
wmi'
y)
cni
ib
ncsni'gd6c
cl
R+NG
-mi-
LG
TR~
N*A&
-MANC
r
H6-10
X?
~i
TAY
V!N
T,$I CHIEL
CX~AY
GO&

di
WC~~LG
16:
c2
)
A
&"
-
,
dtr
F+C
TWANC
xj
-eLll5&
bd&&
-
PA
=
CB
=
A,S
*a
(P)
cni
Cb
'
~~tti'a~d~
~&i
R~N
AG

-
C*~A
CUwrzj
ab
THAGH
8
TR&
4
MAAH
-riin~~
m6L
MI$G
pltt~~),
a)
uib
nwi'
odd,
N&)
&,N~
-
LA+
o~€N\
LE
A,~,s
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412
G
TR~N
CA'
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T#ANG
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x
d'
L<
TAY
U\.N
TA~
cniL
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<G&
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n
cl6k
90')
L
~o
eic
XOAY
eoc
i
HlNH
6
-
11
Xh
L+
B~C
THANG
4

A
6
PH~~MG
!2&p
96~
G~A
.A
:
-TAM
w'vC~.(G
DAG
NCU
"r
cttCtth
aMt4
A0
LAG
g
K+S&
&;G
N~U.
f&
.
TR+
aLt6h~
0~66
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&'I
:
M.

A9.9.8.7.6 6.4.b.e.1.0
.
KHOA'NG
O&
GAG
A
ccn~
*&
.PA&
06'
:
4
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OR.
05.04.
O3.OLL.ol.O.
$c
AA
~i-40
gi
TA~
A
+
~6~9~~~7d09
&,c5
K&T~
06
&G
0
08

7
4
aq
07
3
05
6
OQ
2
02
i
'!
PM~NG
wde
&oi&
~V~NG
+
.
e~&
K\&
R:
Lc8,
jUE
a
Y-
TRO>
M
vi
H
C~AO

W-U
TA~
4
vfi
b
fd
6)
Ndi
vdi
CAL
vie&
~d'
nidk
jOAv
CDL
)
TR&
O~&G
(WAN
G
~GG
NHAU
)
HlNH
6-12b
TRU~NG
HOP
XOAY
G~C
~6

H~~NG
180'
-
4
b
6
)
QncldNG
et+&
BA~Y
-5
O
c~cF1
v&
h,
;
D
CL\EH
YZ
ha
:
-
A,
b,
;
Ab
3
O,b,
=
ce

A,W,
=
OM
CTRni
~4i)
c,~,
=
43M
CTW?~
Gi).
T~N
A,M,
LA;
TR~
GM,
42345
6
I
a
Ib.42.A1.
40.g
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.
N&I
6,
ddi
wbi
I
e,
vdi

d
A23466
13.
4a.
Al.
40.a.
8
4.
LA%
TA^M
V;
CUNC
B,M*
c,
cn'm
TAM
vh
cuw
e4n,
N&
4,~,47L
CAL
80~
n&i
c,
m,
OL'
6
-6
rcl

E$C
~b.
.
cd
-DOAN
ch.
hi
.\L
d0.4
.a%
a
4k.kL.h.
H~NH
6.12~
TRLI~NG
HOP
XOAY
G~C
06
HLI~NG
90°
k6=%
D&
TTHNG
GNH
R,$G
C~A
~n
i~

w
TA
i
DL;
>ON
P
CHO
%&A1
GOC
\*~NG
e,~
~DNG
WZ
-rt?Le
oqp
HINH
6
-18
GH~P
N&
D~M
THANG
HINH
6
-
19a
C~U
TAO
CHI$
NGH;

G\A~
P+~A'Q
pAk
c+tiG;\
NG*~'
4.
o&A
f*ANQ
md
6
3
4.
~6.i
TWANG
+i&.n
md
~+q
3.
TRU
PHs
TRUNQ
Q~AN
a.
\>Ki
s~:
clnih
nmi'
:a
*,

HINH
6.19b
CA~
TAO
CHI&
NG;
oin'i
unin
OZ'M
T~ANG
vi
7A
p~cf
TRUNG
G'\AN.
+