Wide area network and TCP IP

1
Chapter12:
WIDE AREA NETWORKS
Lecturer: M.S: Bùi Thư Cao
Student:
1. Nguyễn Hoàng Tuấn Phương 07711271
2. Nguyễn Thị Diệu Linh 08902311
3. Nguyễn Văn Hùng 08093171
4. Lê Phú Thuận 08101371
Wide-Area Network (WAN)
WANs vs. LANs
Page 4
TCP/IP (Transfer Control Protocol / Internet
Protocol)

TCP/IP family was developed for the ARPANET.

It was initially designed and operated to
interconnect the very large university and industrial
defense communities to share researchresources.

The TCP/IP suite of protocols has wide acceptance
today, especially in the commercial and industrial
community worldwide. These protocols are used on
both LANs and WANs. They are particularly
attractive for their Internet-working capabilities.
TCP/IP Stack vs. the OSI
Model

Application Layer
Add Your Text

Application
Transport
Internet
Network Access
The application layer handles
high-level protocols, including
issues of representation,
encoding, and dialog control.
The TCP/IP model combines all
application-related issues into
one layer and ensures that this
data is properly packaged for the
next layer.
TCP/IP Stack

Transport Layer
Add Your Text
Application
Transport
Internet
Network Access
The transport layer deals with
QoS issues of reliability, flow
control, and error correction.
Its protocols, UDP-TCP,
provides for network
communications.
TCP/IP Stack (Cont.)

Internet Layer

Add Your Text
Application
Transport
Internet
Network Access
The purpose of the Internet
layer is to send source
datagrams from any network
on the internetwork and have
them arrive at the destination,
regardless of the path they
took to get there.
TCP/IP Stack (Cont.)

Network Access Layer
Add Your Text
Application
Transport
Internet
Network Access
It includes the LAN and
WAN protocols and all the
details in the OSI physical
and data link layers.
TCP/IP Stack (Cont.)
Page 10
TCP/IP Architectural Model
Page 11
Data Encapsulation
Data Encapsulation (Cont.)

Terminology
Page 13

Connection-oriented

Connectionless

Reliable

Best-effort
Reliable vs. Best-Effort
Comparison
Page 15
TCP/IP Architectural Model

Operates at transport layer of OSI and TCP/IP
models

Provides applications with access to the network
layer without the overhead of reliability mechanisms

Is a connectionless protocol

Provides limited error checking

Provides best-effort delivery

Has no data-recovery features
UDP Characteristics
UDP Header

UDP Characteristics (cont.)
Page 18
TCP/IP Architectural Model
TCP Characteristics

Transport layer of the TCP/IP model

Access to the network layer for applications

Connection-oriented protocol

Full-duplex mode operation

Error checking

Sequencing of data packets

Acknowledgement of receipt

Data-recovery features
TCP Header
TCP Characteristics (cont.)
Page 21
TCP/IP Architectural Model
Internet Protocol Characteristics

Operates at network layer of OSI or TCP/IP

Connectionless protocol


Packets treated independently

Hierarchical addressing

Best-effort delivery

No data-recovery features
IP Header
Internet Protocol Characteristics
Page 24
IP Network Addressing
Network.Host

They uniquely identify each device on an IP network.

Every host (computer, networking device, peripheral) must have a
unique address.
Internet Protocol Characteristics
Page 25