Ứng dụng công nghệ CADCAM và công nghệ Reverse Engineering để thiết kế, chế tạo khuôn đúc áp lực cho chi tiết trong hệ thống giảm sóc của xe máy Wave

Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
MC LC


!"#$ %&
1.1.1. Thit k vi s tr giỳp ca mỏy tớnh CAD
1.1.2. Sn xut vi tr giỳp ca mỏy tớnh CAM'
()*+, / 0&012345 !67 !*89:
1.2.1. Phn mm Catia:
1.2.2. Phn mm Unigraphics NX :
1.2.3. Phn mm Solidwork :
1.2.4. Phn mm MasterCam ;
1.2.5. Phn mm DelCam ;
1.2.6. Phn mm Pro/Engineer
1.2.7. Phn mm TOPSOLID
1.2.8. Phn mm CAMTOOL (
(<==<>====< ?
(9@9*.9A#%&4B ! !.A*.9C*DC !234 ?
2.1.1. Khỏi nim ?
2.1.2. u- nhc im ca cụng ngh thit k ngc
((#E*FG .4B ! !.A*.9C*DC !234
(?#E*FG .0B.G ..H$0I#+J K01L4H+M *.NO4B ! !.A*.9C*DC !234'
2.3.1. Giai on s húa sn phm '
2.3.2. Giai on s lý s liu d húa '
2.3.3. Thit k li trờn c s d liu s húaP
2.3.4. To mu, gia cụng chi titP
(Q45 !67 !4R$4B ! !.A*.9C*DC !234P
(S !67 !4B ! !.A%T4B ! !.A<N%NF+N= !9 NNF9 !1U*.9C*DC4.9
*9C*4.V *.7**FO !.A*., !!9J0WH4WNX$%N(
2.5.1. Gii thiu v phn mm XOR (
2.5.1.1. c im ca phn mm XOR(

2.5.1.2. Chc nng ca phn mm XOR((
2.5.2. Cỏc ch lm vic ca Rapid form XOR (?
2.5.3. Quỏ trỡnh s dng phn mm XOR trong x lý d liu scan, xõy dng mụ hỡnh CAD
cho chi tit mu quột (
2.5.3.1Phõn tớch mụ hỡnh (
2.5.3.2. X lý li d liu (Mesh Editing) (
2.5.3.3. Phõn mng vựng d liu (Region Group) (
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 1
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
2.5.3.4. Xõy dng hon chnh mụ hỡnh CAD (Y
2.5.4. ỏnh giỏ sai s gia mụ hỡnh CAD ó thit k vi d liu s húa ?(
?ZZ[Z\[Z]??
?Giới thiệu về đúc áp lực 33
3.1.1. Khái niệm 33
3.1.2. Phân loại 33
3.2. Các u nhợc điểm của công nghệ đúc 37
3.2.1. Đúc trong khuôn kim loại 37
3.2.2. Đúc áp lực thấp hay đúc trong khuôn nóng 37
3.2.3. Đúc áp lực cao hay đúc trong khuôn nguội 38
3.2.4. Đúc ly tâm 38
3.2.4. Đúc ép bán lỏng 39
3.3. Kết cấu máy đúc áp lực cao và một số sản phẩm 39
3.3.1. Kết cấu máy đúc áp lực cao 39
3.3.2. Một số sản phẩm đúc áp lực cao 40
>^_`abc[adaeafcd
\[Z] 42
4.1. Thuộc tính của một số hợp kim nhôm sử dụng trong công nghiệp 42
4.1.1. Hp kim nhôm đúc h Al - Cu 43
4.1.2. Hợp kim nhôm đúc trên cơ sở hệ Al - Mg 44

4.1.3. Hợp kim nhôm đúc hệ Al - Si (Silumin) 44
4.2. Cơ sở tính toán thiết kế hệ thống rót 45
4.2.1 Tốc độ nạp và tốc độ rót 45
4.2.2. Cơ sở thiết kế hệ thống rót 46
4.2.3. Cơ sở tính toán rãnh dẫn 47
4.2.4. Cơ sở tính toán cổng phun 50
4.2.5. Cơ sở tính hệ thống đậu ngót, hệ thống thoát hơI 51
4.2.6.Tính lực khóa khuôn, mở khuôn 52
4.3. Tính toán thiết kế khuôn cho chi tiết chân thụt trong hệ thống giảm sóc ca xe
máy Wave 53
4.3.1. Một số yếu tố ảnh hởng đến khuôn, sản phẩm đúc áp lực 53
4.3.2. Lựa chọn buồng ép 54
4.3.3. Tính hệ thống rãnh dẫn 55
4.3.4. Tính cổng phun 55
4.3.5. Chọn hệ thống đậu ngót, rãnh hơi 56
adad'
5.1. Vị trí của sản phẩm trong hệ thống giảm sóc 57
5.2. Bản vẽ vật đúc 58
5.3. Các cụm kết cấu chính trong bộ khuôn đúc áp lực cao 59
5.4. Tách khuôn của chi tiết trên phần mềm INVENTOR 60
5.4.1. Gọi chi tiết 60
5.4.2. Xác định hớng mở khuôn 60
5.4.3. Kích thớc cơ bản của lòng, lõi khuôn 61
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 2
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
5.4.4. Xác định mặt phân khuôn 61
5.4.5. Tách lòng và lõi 61
5.4.6. Nhân số sản phẩm 62
5.4.7. Ghép các tấm lòng và lõi 62

5.4.8. Gọi khuôn cơ sở 63
5.4.9. Thiết kế hệ thống rót theo kích thớc đã tính toán 64
5.4.10. Thiết kế bạc rót, lõi bạc rót theo đờng kính pitong máy đã chọn 64
5.4.11. Thiết kế hệ thống đẩy 65
5.4.12. Thiết kế hệ thống làm mát 66
5.4.13. Tính toán lò xo hồi 66
5.4.14. Hình dáng của tấm lòng, lõi khuôn sau khi đã hoàn thiện 69
5.4.15. Bộ khuôn hoàn chỉnh 70
YSgZcc<cfc
hdi'
Y)*+,j2#k*"#E*FG .4B ! !.A'
Y(#E*FG .4B ! !.A!9$4B !jm9D.#B '
6.2.1. Chn phụi gia cụng '
6.2.2. Thụng s k thut ca mỏy phay CNC v mỏy mi CNC s dng gia cụng lừi
khuụn '(
6.2.3. Cỏc chu trỡnh gia cụng '
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 3
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
LI NểI U
!TE $Ee%@9+n Q**F9U %23*ol44R$D.O$.p4Dq*.#l*1r4o9A*jTD.O$.p4
0QE*s .1LjT0*.$E194t oJ 0p90r*4R$1u9+, !WL.)9v!9w$*.CDx(;eD.9
4B ! !.A0QE*s .123412$%TOQ-67 !*FO !+J W#y*1L!H- / *n1) !.H$+J
W#y*e!9J9 H !+54j$O1) !4.O4O !2u9e*t ! t !+#y*4z ! .24.y*j23 !+J
K0.NO1HjT+nF$1u94R$ 2{ !*.54+J W#y*4H+n*F3!9|-4R$0QE*s .%T
4Q40QE4B !471234*s4..3-o)19&#D.9U +,
^9A*$0e !OT9%9A44B ! !.A1L%T1$ !1234 Q**F9U e5 !
67 !F) !FL9*FO !4Q4Ws !.9A-e .T0QE.G%T9 t0*F}j891VEDq*.#l**.9C*DC
!234 RE (Reverse Engineering)o2@41/#1L1234 !.9~ 45#%T5 !67 !}4Q4
%9A !.9~ 45#e4Q4*F# !*V04B ! !.A4$Odq*.#l* RE (Reverse Engineering)jT

Dq*.#l**8O ~ +J K00@9e .3-%@9W#*.C*OT 4/#.H$4Q4 2{ !69A *.
*F2u !*.2{ !089%T+J W#y*e1$68 !.H$+J K0e190@9+J K00I#0L
.$ .e+J K04B ! !.A4$Oe .3-%@9*s .48 .*F$ .4R$*.*F2u ! !TE4T !
D.,4j9A*
Q ng dng cụng ngh CAD/CAM v cụng ngh Reverse
Engineering thit k, ch to khuụn ỳc ỏp lc cho chi tit trong h thng
gim súc ca xe mỏy Wave>*l-4.# !%TO !.9~ 45# 0o*"#9*FG .4B !
!.A*.9C*DC !234%T5 !67 !%TO.9C*DCD.#B 1Uo*D-+n Q**F9U 4R$4B !
!.A
FO !"#Q*FG .jT01Q TE0r461L.C*+544,! ! .2 !6O.8 4.C%&
D9C *.54%T*.9C*o ~ D.B !*FQ .D.9 .w !*.9C#+H*=0Fy*0O !1234+n!H-ke
oW# !e1H !!H-kD9C 4R$*./E4B%To8 1p41U1Q .OT *.9A .{ =0W9 4.V
*.T .4J0{ *./E!9QOTrng Tt Tie4 !*OT *.U*./E4B*FO !o)0B T
ng Húa Thit K C Khớ*F2u !>Zd2 !E~ 1L*l *G .!9|-1e4.oJOe
*8O19&#D9A *FO !+#,**.u9!9$ "#$1UN04H*.U.OT *.T .1Q TE
=0W9 4.V *.T .4J0{

Sinh viờn

F/ %t .#l
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 4
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V CễNG NGH CAD/CAM
1.1. Tng quan v CAD/CAM
.9C*DC%T!9$4B !%@9+n*F3!9|-4R$0QE*s . !%@9+n Q*
*F9U 4R$4B ! !.A*.B !*9 e1L12345 !67 ! .$ .4.H !*FO !4B !
!.9A-%G HjT4B !47!9|-4Q4 .T*.9C*DC%T4.C*8O+J K04H*.U*.$E190I#
0L.Or4jn$4.p 2{ !Q !9$4B !*,92#0)*4Q4. .$ .4.H !e4.s .WQ4%Tj9 .
.O8*

d.Q9 9A061L4H*vFy*jV# .2 !%I 1$ !*9C-*741234 Q*
*F9U %T0}F) !$ 1/#%T1234+67 !1)4jl-1U0B*J%9A4jl-*FG .
o) l %@9+n*F3!9|-4R$0QE*s .%T4Q4oJ %e1.p$FO ! .w ! t0!/
1VEe .$9 D.Q9 9A0 TE 1234 ,9 DC* %@9 .$# 1U *8O F$ D.Q9 9A0 *., ! .y*
eo9U#69 0)* 2{ ! Q-*s4..3-0QE*s .*FO !*OT o)"#Q*FG .+J
W#y*o$O*F04J.$9D.V#*.9C*DC%T+J W#y*7*.U*FO ! $*.9C*DCo$O!0*OT
o)4Q4.O8*1) !j9~ "#$ 1C 4Q46wj9A#Dq*.#l* .2oJ %e4Q40B.G .e4Q4 /
*.w#.8 eoJ !.94Q44.9*9C*%TDC.O84.e*.B !*9 4.2{ !*FG .FO !D.V#
+J W#y*e4Q45 !67 !4R$0QE*s .o$O*F0*FO !jl-DC.O84."#Q*FG .e19&#1)
+J W#y*eee"#J jk4.y*j23 !%Tj-FQ-
1.1.1. Thit k vi s tr giỳp ca mỏy tớnh CAD
12341 . !.$jT0)*.O8*1) !*.9C*DCj9~ "#$ 1C %9A4+67 !0QE
*s .1U*8Ojl-e+$4.w$.Or4*FG .oTE0)**.9C*DCDq*.#l*4Hj9~ .A4.r*4.
%@9.A*., !1.p$0QE*s .Q4jk6O"#$ *Fp !4H*.UDU1C D.9+67 !.A*., !
jT*t !.9A#"#JjT0%9A44.O !2u9*.9C*DCe*t !4.y*j23 !*.9C*DCe V !4$O
4.y*j23 !*FG .oTE*.9C*DC%T*8Ojl-4{+}6wj9A#4.O+J W#y*Q4o2@4*9C .T .
0)**.9C*DC%@9 !.3-WVE6n !0B.G .1) !.p4e V *s4.*,92#.H$
V *s4.Dq*.#l*e*FG .oTE*.9C*DC*n1) !*8OoJ %
- B.G ..G ..p4
B.G ..G ..p4jT6 !1UWVE6n !o9U#69 *OQ .p468 !.G ..p4
4R$1,9*23 !B.G . TE4.O - !2u96 !o9U#69 .G .J .1,9*23 !
j~ 0T .G .%T*.n4.9A 0)*+,*.$O*Q4j~ 0B.G . .2jT0o9C 68 !.G .J .e
H !*O*.# .ejl-0)*0B.G .0@9*F~ 4{+}0B.G .4z
v1He !2u9*.9C*4H*.UWVE6n !0)*4.9*9C**.$E190)*4.9*9C*
4zH .9&#68 !0B.G ..G ..p4*F~ !OT90B.G .( o9C e4Q40B
.G .?4H*.U1234WVE6n !4.O - !2u9+67 !"#$ +Q*%l**.U*v4Q4.2@ !
D.Q4 .$#e H !*O*.# .e*.n4.9A 4Q4 V *s4.Dq*.#l* .2+544t !ejk.OQ%T
.9A*1)

GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 5

SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
- B.G .j2@9
>67 !4Q412u !*. !1U09 ..O8%l**.UB.G . TE4H .w !.8 4.C
j@ .2D.B !4HD.J t ! V o9A*4Q4 **.yE%T *D.#y**FO !%l**.UeD.B !
.l o9C*12344Q468 !12u !4O !eD.B !4HD.J t !D9U0*F$%$4.80!9w$4Q4
4.9*9C*o) l %TD.HD.t *FO !%9A4*s .*OQ 4Q41r4*s .%l*jk
B.G .o&0r*
T0B.G .1234WVE6n !*v4Q419U0e4Q412u !%T4Q4o&0r*B
.G . TE4HD.J t ! .l o9C*%T.9U *.4Q468 !12u !4O ! 54*8-e4HD.J t !
.l o9C*o&0r*%T4# !4y-0B.G .?4Ho&0r*oH !e4HD.J t !.9U *.Fy**,*
0B !"#q18O4.#EU 1) ! .24.#EU 1) !4R$6$O4**FO !0QE4B !47
.Or44.#EU 1) !4R$4Q4FBo,*
B.G .D.,91r4
B*J.G .68 !*OT D.,94R$%l**.U0)*4Q4.FmFT !%T4.s .WQ4H4H
*.U0B*J4Q412u !*.yE%T12u !D.#y*4R$%l**.UB.G . TE*F3!9|-14jn4
*FO !"#Q*FG .j-FQ-4Q4 / * 54*8-!OT9F$e0B.G .4 4HD.J t !*8O
0J !0T#%T1)oH !o&0r*{ w$e !2u9+67 !4H*.UDC*.3-%@94Q44.2{ !
*FG . / 0&04.#E~ 67 !D.Q41Uo9U#69 0B.G .%T*8O.G .J .+, !1) !
4.O%l**.U
Z.V *s4.Dq*.#l*0B.G .
>$#D.94H1234 2{ !Q *.9C*DCe0B.G .+*F3!9|-o9U#69 4Q4
1r4*s .4R$4.9*9C**.n4*C$9%s67%&%9A4 V *s4.0B.G .jT*s .*OQ 4Q41r4
*s .%l*jk%T V *s4. / *.w#.8 s .*OQ 4Q41r4*s .%l*jko$O!0%9A4
WQ41 .D.,9j23 !e69A *s4.o&0r*e*.U*s4.%TWQ41 .*Fp !*V0Z.2{ ! Q-
/ *.w#.8 .0*s .*OQ +544t !e1)*F#E& .9A*
Q .!9Q*.9C*DC
Q .!9Q*.9C*DCo$O!0n1) !WQ41 .4.s .WQ44Q4Ds4.*.2@4eWQ4
1 .D.J t !*2{ !*Q4!9w$4Q4o) l 9&# TE1r4o9A*"#$ *Fp !*FO !4Q4*.9C*
DCj-FQ- .0*FQ ..$94.9*9C*4 !4.9C00)*D.OJ !D.B !!9$ eD9U0*F$1) !

.p49&# TE4/ 1C D.J t !0B !4Q44.#EU 1) !4R$
n1) ! Q4*.JOoJ %
.%n4*F3!9|-14jn4*.5*24R$jTD.J t !*n1) !4.OF$4Q4oJ
%%@91)4.s .WQ44$O0)*4Q4. .$ .4.H !9&# TEFy*"#$ *Fp !*FO !"#Q
*FG .*.9C*DC%T*8Ojl-.+{*.9C*DC
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 6
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
1.1.2. Sn xut vi tr giỳp ca mỏy tớnh CAM
2341 . !.$jT%9A4+67 !0QE*s .*FO !jl-DC.O84.e"#J jk%T19&#
D.9U "#Q*FG .+J W#y*Q45 !67 !4R$12344.9$jT0(jO894.s .jl-DC
.O84.+J W#y*%T19&#D.9U +J W#y*
l-DC.O84.+J W#y*
@4j23 !!9Q*.T .+J K0@4j23 !!9Q4R$0)*jO89+J K00@9jT
D.Q1{ !9J *FO ! .9&# !T .4B ! !.9A-%T1234.OT *.T .o}94.2{ !*FG .
0QE*s ..9 s4R$*v !4.9*9C*o) l 12344) !j89%T!9Q4R$+J K0+1234
WQ41 .
l-DC.O84.+J W#y*%@9+n*F3!9|-4R$0QE*s .Q4*FG .*n*.n4.9A %T
4Q4*F# !*V0!9$4B !4/ *.9C*4.O+J W#y*0)*+J K012344.#K oo}90QE
*s .Q4.A*., ! TE+4# !4y-4Q4"#E*FG .4B ! !.Ae*G0F$"#E*FG .*,92#%T
*9C .T .0B !D9U0 !.9A0"#E*FG .1L4.p
Q4.A*., !6wj9A#!9$4B !0QE*s ..H$Q44.2{ !*FG .0QE*s .4/
1234+O8 *.JO1U12$F$4Q419&#D9A 4**,92#4.O4Q4jO89 !#E~ %l*j9A#D.Q4
.$#Q4*s .*OQ 6n$*F~ 4Q46wj9A# .l 1234*v*.n4 !.9A0.Or4*s .*OQ jk
*.#EC*%&*#9*.p4R$6$O*.NO19&#D9A 4*!p*
l-*FG .%@9+n*F3!9|-4R$0QE*s .l-*FG .4.O0QE4B !47.Or4jl-
*FG .jT4B !%9A4D.HD.t 4.O !2u9%l .T .%T!VEF$ .9&#j9D.94Q44.9*9C*
*F} ~ 54*8-Q4 / -O+*-FO4N++OF1234+67 !1U*.$E*.C%9A4jl-*FG .
o !*$E,9%@94Q44.9*9C*4H.G .68 !.G ..p4 54*8-e.A*., !4H*.U
12$F$4.2{ !*FG .!9$4B !4.9*9C* .u 2{ ! Q-*8OF$*l-jA .19&#D.9U 4.O

0QE4B !47.9A#"#J.{ . jl-*FG .o !*$E
VE4.#E& j-FQ-%@9+n*F3!9|-o !0QE*s .9A41 .%4Q4 / *
*FO !4Q46VE4.#E& j-FQ-jT%y 1&j@ %TD.HD.t Q44.2{ !*FG .0QE*s .
.2c>c%T1234 Q**F9U 1U*F3!9|-*,92#4.O4Q46VE4.#E& j-
FQ-
VE6n !4Q41 .054j$O1) !)*o) l 4.#E~ *FQ4.+4H*FQ4.
.9A0WQ4jl-4.#K *.u9!9$ 4.O4Q44B !%9A4j$O1) !*Fn4*9C-*89 .T0QE9A4
*s .*OQ TED.Q4B ! #%T 54*8-9A 1L4H0)*+,4.2{ !*FG . / 0&0
1234 Q**F9U 4.O4B !%9A4 TEQ44.2{ !*FG .0QE*s .+67 !6wj9A#%&*.u9
!9$ 4.#K 4.O4Q4 / *4{oJ e+$#1H4) !* !*.u9!9$ *.n4.9A 4R$4Q4 /
*%T4.2{ !*FG .+12$F$*.u9!9$ 4.#K 4.O4B !%9A4.OT 4. .
l-DC.O84.+J W#y*%T"#J jk* D.OQE*s .1234+67 !*FO !.$9
4.54 t !jl-DC.O84.+J W#y*%Tj2#*Fw$94.54 t ! TEo$O!0!.9 .@4Q4
oJ !.9* D.Oe1r*.T !*n1) !4Q40r*.T !D.9D.OF !e19&#1)+J W#y*e6#E*FG
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 7
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
4Q41r4*s ..9A *894.O4Q41{ 1r*.T !+J W#y*D.Q4 .$#ejl-DC.O84. .#4/#
!#E~ %l*j9A#%Tjl-DC.O84. t !jn4
9&#D.9U +J W#y*
9&#D.9U +J W#y*j9~ "#$ *@9%9A4"#J jk%T19&#D.9U 4Q4.O8*1) !
+J W#y**FO ! .T0QE9&#D.9U "#Q*FG .e19&#D.9U 4.y*j23 !e19&#D.9U +J
W#y*%T!9Q0+Q*"#Q*FG .1&# 0*FO !% !4.54 t !4R$19&#D.9U +J W#y*^
1VE0QE*s .*.$0!9$*Fn4*9C-%TO4Q4.O8*1) !+J W#y**FO ! .T0QEQ45 !
67 !4R$19&#D.9U "#Q*FG .+67 !0QE*s .jTD.Q o9C *FO !4Q4.A*., !+J
W#y**n1) !.9A $E.| !o$O!04Q46VE4.#E& %l 4.#EU e4Q4.A*., !j-
FQ-e19&#D.9U +,eDq*.#l*FBo,*e%l 4.#EU !#E~ %l*j9A#%T.A*., !+J W#y*
j9 ..O8*9&#D.9U .O8*1) !+J W#y* V W2} !j9~ "#$ *@9%9A4*.# .l-6w
j9A#1H1U*F3!9|-19&#D.9U +J W#y*%Tj2#*Fw*FO ! .T0QEQ44B ! !.A*.#
.l-6wj9A#0QE*s ..H$%T!9Q0+Q*"#Q*FG .o !0QE*s .1$ !jT 2{ !*9A

12341Q .!9Q4$O*FO !.O8*1) !+J W#y*.9A $E
741s4.4R$*s4..3-jT.A*., !.H$6 !*.B !*9 *vD.9o*
1/#*.9C*DC+J K0*@9D.9.OT *.T ."#Q*FG .+J W#y*.#94Q4o2@41234*9C
.T .%@9%9A4*8O6wj9A#.G ..p4ej2#*Fw%TWjko+# !e%TDC**.|4%@9%9A4
4.#EU 4Q46wj9A# TE*.T .*.B !*9 19&#D.9U 4.O"#Q*FG .!9$4B !e694.#EU
%l* j9A#%TD9U0 *F$ *n 1) ! 1234!p9 jT Dq *.#l* *F3 !9|- o}9 0QE *s . =
O0-#*NF96N6= !9 NNF9 !%T12344O9 .2DC*"#J4R$%9A4DC* ,9%T

9A $E4HFy* .9&# / 0&0%&4B ! !.A .2cce
$*9$e $+*NF4$0e >Oj96 =6!Ne >Oj964$0e Nj4$0e >#4$0e ZFON !9 NNFe
>Oj96XOFD+9 / 0&01&#4H .w !2#19U0F9~ !e*#*.NO0541)%T074
1s4.5 !67 !e19&#D9A 0QE!9$4B !*.n4*C*89 .T0QE+J W#y*0T*$5 !67 !
/ 0&0 TO+$O4.O4H.9A#"#J4$O .y*
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 8
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
1.2. Mt s phn mm CAD/CAM c ng dng ti VIT NAM
1.2.1. Phn mm Catia
Z./ 0&0jT.A*., !=.OT 4. .%T08 .0H
!9J9"#EC*4B !%9A40)*4Q4.*F9A*1Ue*vD.V#*.9C*DC0B.G .O0-#*NF
96N6 N+9! e 1C D.V# +J W#y* 62$ *F~ 4{ +} O0-#*NF 96N6
$ #$4*#F9 !eD.J t ! V *s4.*s .*OQ e*,92#.H$ju9!9J96n$*F~ 4.54 t !
=O0-#*NF96= !9 NNF9 !4R$ / 0&0
899A*$0 / 0&04.REC#1234+67 !*894Q44B !*Ej9~
6O$ .4H%, 1/#*2j@ Q44B !*E4.C*8OD.#B .D.B !*9C-4l 1234%G!9Q
*.T .4 D.Q4$O894Q4*F2u !189.p4e4Q4%9A !.9~ 45#.$E4Q4W2} !+J
W#y* . / 0&01234D.$9*.Q44.REC#jT0B1# *.9C*DCe=%s
67 .2.9C*DC4.9*9C*e*.9C*DCD.#B eWjk6wj9A#"#E*e*.9C*D.#B e*s .*OQ 1)
o& 4.9*9C*0QE4 0B1# 0r461234*F$ !oFy*1/E1R .2 !%I 4.2$
1234 .9&# !2u9+67 !%To9C*1C

1.2.2. Phn mm Unigraphics NX
Z./ 0&0 9!F$ 94+1234 Q**F9U o}9>9N0N +Z>O*$FN4R$*l-
1OT >9N0N 9!F$ 94+jT0)** !*.U4Q4!9J9 Q-=j9 .
.O8*e*,92#e1 !o)e08 .09|-4Q46O$ . !.9A-4H*.U!9J9"#EC*0p9%y 1&
D.HD.t .y**FO !j .%n4=Z./ 0&0 74%71U*.9C*DCe0B
!ejl-*FG .!9$4B !e4.O4Q4 !T .4B ! !.9A-+J W#y*.T !!9$67 !%T6V
67 !o$jOe6TE6-e0QE4B !47e0QE4B ! !.9A-eB*BeWN0QEe1H !*T#4.O*@9
4Q44Q4 !T .4B ! !.9A-.T !D.B !*.9C*DC0QEo$Ee4B ! !.A-%z*F7.u
%TO!9J9 Q-* !*.Uej9 ..O8*%T1 !o)4R$0G .0T12344Q4*l-1OT j@
*F~ *.C!9@9ON9 !e>##D9e 9++$ e$+$+67 !
z !*2{ !*n .2 / 0&0e899A*$0 / 0&0 9!F$ 94+
4.REC#12345 !67 !*FO !4Q44B !*Ee6O$ . !.9A-j@ T4T ! !TE4T !
1234 .9&#Dq+2+67 !
1.2.3. Phn mm Solidwork
VE4z !jT0)**FO ! .w !+J K0 9*9C !4R$.L !$++$#j*>E+*N0 N+e
>Oj96XOFD+ / 0&0*.9C*DCo$4.9&#1234+67 !Fy*F) !FL9*FO !4Q4j .%n4
D.Q4 .$# .2WVE6n !eD9C *F|4e4{D.s1234+67 !4Q44B ! !.A0@9 .y*%&
j .%n41.p$0QE*s .Z./ 0&0 TE4.O - !2u9+67 !WVE6n !4Q40B
.G .4.9*9C*?ej-FQ-4.| !j89%@9 .$#*.T .0)*o) l 0QE0QE.OT 4. .e
D9U0*F$1) !.p4e4# !4y-*.B !*9 %&%l*j9A#e*s .*OQ 1) !jn4.p4e0B !
4.#EU 1) !e*.9C*DCD.#B !OT9F$>Oj96XOFD+4 4H*.~04.54 t !U
6 !12344.54 t ! TEe4.| !*$ J9+67 !0)*0O6#j w$4R$+Oj96OFD+jT
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 9
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
>Oj96$0e0B1# TE4.8E !$E*F~ !9$O69A 4R$>Oj96OFD+e%9A4+67 !4R$
>Oj96$0%B4 !*.V *.9A %T6+67 !e%@94Q4*OOj4R$>Oj96$0D.Q08 .%T
O ! |Z.$E(ee?e*F74e9A e#F 9jj
899A*$0 / 0&0 TE1234 .9&# !2u9o9C*1C %G4H .9&#2#19U0
.26+67 !e!9$O69A 1.p$*.V *.9A eQ4Dq+2D.$9*.Q44.REC#*.C08 .4R$

/ 0&0 TEjT0B1# *8O4Q44.9*9C*68 !D.,9ej-FQ-e*8OoJ %Dq*.#l*e0B
!1) !.p4e*s .o& 4.9*9C*0QE4.O ~ 12346 ! .9&#*FO !*.9C*DC0QE
*FO !j .%n4*.9C*DCD.#B 0I#e0B1# *.9C*DCD.#B 4 +{+T9e0@94.
6v !j89}4Q4jA ..*F3*Q4.D.#B e*.2%9A 4Q44.9*9C**9~#4.#K %T4Q4o)D.#B
*9~#4.#K 4.2$4H%9A4*.9C*DCD.#B *F} ~ D.HD.t %T*, D0*.u9!9$ .9&#
.{ O%lE%9A45 !67 ! / 0&0 TE*FO !*.9C*DCD.#B 0I#jT J9jT .w !
Dq+24HFy* .9&#D9 . !.9A0
1.2.4. Phn mm MasterCam
$+*NF4$0jT / 0&0*s4..3-1234+67 !F) !FL9}4.V##
%T*F~ *.C!9@9e1 !*.u94z !1234+67 !F) !FL9}9A*$0%G4H!9$O69A *Fn4
"#$ e6+67 !$+*NF$0jT0)**l-.3-*OT 69A 4R$4Q4 2{ !Q !9|-*,92#
.H$!9$4B !o$O!0O *O#FeF9jjeZO4DN*9 !e$4NeZNNj09jje= !F$%9 !e>#F$4N
.9!.+-NN6e6%$ 4N60#j*9$W9+!2u9+67 !$+*NF$04H*.U*8OF$%Tjl-*FG .
4Q4+J K0o !4Q4.+67 !0)**FO ! .w !6 !0QE%T4Q4.A19&#D.9U 0T
.p4# !4y-+M e.Or44H*.U+67 !4Q44B !47*9~ *9C 4R$$+*NF$01U*8OF$
6 !0QE*.NO4Q4*E4. .F9~ !4R$ !2u9+67 !$+*NF4$04HD.J t !*.9C*DC
%Tjl-4.2{ !*FG .19&#D.9U 4Q4*F# !*V0!9$4B !*F74e*F74e?*F74e4H
*.Ujl-*FG .1U!9$4B !*9$j$19A 4*6VEe*9A e $EeD.O$ e19~#D.4
899A*$0 / 0&0$+*NF$01234+67 !F) !FL9*FO !4Q4*F2u !
.p4e%9A !.9~ 45#e4Q44B !*Ee4Q4W2} !+J W#y*D.#B 0I##19U0 9*F)9
4R$ / 0&0 TEjT!9$O69A *Fn4"#$ e6+67 !e*.$O*Q4jl-*FG .1{ !9J .y*
jT4Q4jA .*FO !!9$4B !(e!9$4B !6n$*.NO0B.G .D.# !6VE9FNF$0N
12341Q .!9Q4$O%T4H .9&#jA .!9$4B !0T4Q4 / 0&0D.Q4D.B !4HQ4
jA .jl-*FG .!9$4B ! $Eo&0r*?4R$ / 0&04 .8 4.C .y*jT4Q4jA .*8O
12u !4.8E6$O4.O !#E~ 4B ! $E*9 .e4.O ~ D.9jl-*FG .!9$4B ! $E*9 .
4Q4Dq+2*.2u !DC*.3-%@94Q4 / 0&0D.Q4 .290$*FO .$ENj$0
1.2.5. Phn mm DelCam
Nj4$0jT / 0&04R$.L !Nj4$0-j4jT .T4# !4y-%T Q**F9U .w !
!9J9 Q-.T !1/#*.C! !T .*.9C*DCe4.C*8OeD9U0*F$%T*.9C*
DC !2344Q4+J K0.G .6Q ! 54*8-%TD.#B 0I#Z./ 0&01234+67 !

*FO !4Q4 !T .4B ! !.9A-o$O!04JB*BeNFO+-$4NeDq*.#l*%T t !j23 !e+J
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 10
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
W#y*4Q4+J K0 .n$e*.RE*9 .e!,0+5e+J K04$O+#e4z ! .24Q4o$OoG
D.Q4 .$#4.O4Q4 .9A0%7D.Q4 .$#e*vk*2} !*.9C*DC+J W#y** !*.U4Q40B
.G .%T67 !47
899A*$0 / 0&0Nj$04z !5 !67 ! .9&#*FO !j .%n4*.9C*DC
%T4.C*8OD.#B 0I#e2#19U04R$ / 0&0jTD.J t !*8O%T4. .+$o&0r**,*e
D.J t !1p4%T4. .+$4Q46wj9A#"#*e4Q4jA .jl-*FG .*8O12u !4.8E6$OD.9
!9$4B !*.B%T*9 .4Q4o&0r*?D.Q08 .*#E .9~ / jl-*FG .!9$4B !(4
EC# ~ *.2u !1234DC*.3-%@9 / 0&0D.Q41UD.4 74 .23419U0 TE
1.2.6. Phn mm Pro/Engineer
ZFO=jT / 0&04R$.L !ZF$0N*F94N4. OjO!EeOF-)* / 0&0*.9C*
DC*.NO*.$0+,e4H .9&#*s . t !Fy*08 .*FO !j .%n4=e H
0$ !j894.O4.| !*$4Q4D.J t ! .2B.G ..H$*Fn4*9C-%l**.UF e*8O4Q4
0B6# o !4Q4D.Q9 9A0%T / **.9C*DCe*.9C*DC*.B !+,e+67 !4{+}6wj9A#
*., ! .y*e4HD.J t !0B !1) !.p4e1) !jn4.p4DC*4y#4{D.se%T4#,9
4 !jT%9A4!9$4B !O0-#*NF96N6$ #$4*OFEZFO=+0B !
12u !4.8E6$O!9$4B !%TW#y*4.2{ !*FG .F$1U!9$4B !*F~ 4Q40QE $Ee*9A

Z./ 0&0ZFO=*899A*$04z !12345 !67 !*FO !j .%n4D.#B 0I#
1.2.7. Phn mm TOPSOLID
cZ>cjT /00&0*s4..3-4R$.$ !>>=<>O*$FN
Z./ 0&0 TE4HFy* .9&#0B1# .w#s4.4.Oj .%n4*.9C*DC%T!9$4B !D.#B
0I# .2O->Oj96N+9! 0B1# *.9C*DCe0B !1) !.p4%T1) !jn4.p4e
O->Oj96Oj60B1# *.9C*DCD.#B - .n$eO->Oj96ZFO!FN++0B1# *.9C*DC
D.#B 1)*6l-eO->Oj96$+*OF0B1# V *s4. / *.w#.8 eO->Oj96X9FN
0B1# jl-*FG .!9$4B !*F~ 0QE4*6VEeO->Oj96$00B1# jl-*FG .!9$
4B !4.O0QE*v?*F741C *F74eO->Oj96=jN4*FO6N0B1# *.9C*DC4Q4

19A 4n4W# !eO->Oj96Oj60B1# *.9C*DC0B.G .*y0eO->Oj96Z600B1#
"#J jk"#Q*FG .+J W#y*O->Oj96=F-0B1# / 0&0"#J jk .T0QE+J
W#y*
r46 / 0&0cZ>c0@912345 !67 !*899A*$0*FO ! .w !
t0!/ 1VE6O / 0&0D.Q1/E1R4Q40B1# 4.O*.9C*DC%Tjl-*FG .!9$4B !
%T%@9 .w !2#19U0 .y*1 . ~ 12340)*+,4Q46O$ . !.9A-e4Q4*F2u !189
.p44$O1 !12$%TO+67 !
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 11
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
1.2.8. Phn mm CAMTOOL
ccjT / 0&0*s4..3-4R$.L !jTjn$4.p .T !1/#
*FO !j .%n44.C*8O4{D.s4.s .WQ4899A*$0 / 0&0cc1234+
67 !}4Q44B !*ED.#B 0I#4.s .WQ44R$.l*J Z./ 0&04H1/E1R4Q40B
1# .2*8O%T4. .o&0r*e*8O19A 4n4ejl-*FG .!9$4B !4.O4Q40QE $E?
*F74%T*F74
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 12
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
CHNG 2: TNG QUAN V CễNG NGH REVERSE ENGINEERING
2.1. Gii thiu v cụng ngh thit k ngc.
2.1.1. Khỏi nim .
FO !j .%n4+J W#y*e .O !*.2u !1U4.C*8OF$+J K0e !2u9 *.9C*
DC12$F$k*2} !%&+J K01He Q4*.JOF$+J K0e*9C-*.NOjT"#Q*FG .*s .
*OQ *.9C*DCe4.C*.eF9D9U0*F$e.OT *.9A Q4*.JOe1U12$F$ 2{ ! Q-*,9
2#e4#,94 !jT4B !1O8 +J W#y*F$+J K0VE4.s .jT 4.#*FG .+J W#y*
*F#E& *., !ejT 2{ ! Q-+J W#y*1L1234Q-67 !*vo$O*.CDx $EZ.2{ !
Q- TE4 1234!p9jT4B ! !.A+J W#y**.#l (Forward Engineering).FO !
%T94.74 t0*F}j891VE%@9+n Q**F9U %@9+n Q**F9U 4R$4B ! !.AeW#y*.9A
68 !+J W#y**.NO4.#*FG .0@9e19 !234%@9+J W#y**F#E& *., !e1HjT4.C*8O

+J K0*.NO.Or46n$*F~ +J K04H+M #E*FG . TE!p9jT4B ! !.A*.9C*
DC !234 (Reverse Engineering).$E4z !1234.9U#jT4B ! !.A4.-0I#.$E4B !
!.A4.C*8O !234
B ! !.A TEF$1u96n$*F~ .#4/#+J W#y**.n4*Ce1B9D.9 !2u9*$4/
4.C*8O+J K0*.NO .w !0I#4H+M 0T4.2$.Or4D.B !4H0B.G .*2{ !
5 ! .24Q44.9*9C*D.B !FmW#y*W5e .w ! 19~#eo) l 4{*.U4O !2u9e1) !
%l*$E1{ !9J 4.jT+$O4.-j89DC*"#J4R$ .w !+J K01LD. !1 .*~ *#9
*F~ *.*F2u !1U!9J04.9 s4.C*8O0I#.Or41U4J9*9C +J K01H*.NO.2@ !
0@9U*8O12340I#4R$ .w !+J K0 TEe*F2@41VE !2u9*$ J91O184F9%
Q4j89.Or46n !+Q-e*.84.4$O1U9 0I#Q4 2{ ! Q- TE4.O1)4.s .WQ4
D.B !4$Oe*, .9&#*.u9!9$ %T4B !+54e1r4o9A*jT1,9%@9 .w !4.9*9C* 54*8-
!TE $E !2u9*$1L+67 !0QE"#*.G .1U+,.H$.G .6Q !4R$4.9*9C*+$#1H
4Q4 / 0&04.#E~ 67 !1UWjk6wj9A#+,.H$4#,94 !+*8OF$
12340B.G .?4.O4.9*9C*%@91)4.s .WQ44$OB.G . TE4z !4H
*.U4. .+$ C#4/
F~ 80%9F) !4B ! !.A*.9C*DC !23412341 . !.$jT.O8*1) !o$O
!04Q4o2@4 V *s4.1UjyE*.B !*9 %&+J K01L4H+M o$O!0*.B !*9 %&
4.54 t !4Q4o) l e1r419U0%&DC*4y#.G ..p4e%l*j9A#e*s .4B ! !.A+$#1H
*9C .T .D.B9 74j890B.G .4.O4.9*9C*.Or4 Q**F9U *.T .+J K00@9e
+67 !<Z1U4.C*8O+J K0B ! !.A*.9C*DC !2341L12345 !
67 !*FO ! .9&#j .%n4 .2.H$.p4e19A *eWVE6n !e4{D.seE.p4e !.A*.#l*s
67*FO !WVE6n !e4.| !*$j#B .p4 .9Dq*.#l**.9C*DC4z ! .2*.94B !4R$
.w !4B !*FG ..OT *.9A (Succeessful building/brige)4R$*.C!9@91U!9J0*.9U#
.w !+$9+H*9J0*.u9!9$ *.9C*DC%T*t !*.~0 .w !2#%9A*4.O .w !4B !*FG .
4R$0G .
FO !j .%n44{D.s4.C*8Oe4B ! !.A*.9C*DC !23412341 . !.$jT.O8*
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 13
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
1) !*8OF$+J K0*v4Q40I#+J K04.O* !4HoJ %*.9C*DC

.Or41Lo0y*.$ED.B !Fm6T !>J K00@91234*8OF$*F~ 4{+}D.B9 74
!#E~ %Ă .Or4 Q**F9U j~ *v*.n4*.Uo$ 1/#
vD.9F$1u9%TO .w ! t0:;4R$*.CDx*F2@4e4B ! !.A*.9C*DC !234
( Reverse Engineering)1L1234 !.9~ 45#eQ-67 !*FO ! .9&#j .%n4 Q**F9U
.$ .+J K0e1r4o9A*jT*FO !j .%n4*.9C*DC0B.G .?*v0B.G .1L4H+M
.u+n*F3!9|-4R$0QE*s .dq*.#l**.9C*DC !234 !TE4T ! Q**F9U *.NO+n
Q**9U 4R$4Q4 / 0&0Hj#B 1234"#$ *V0%T4z !j9~ *74
12344J9*9C 1U1Q-5 !1U1Q-5 ! .#4/#4R$WL.)9*F~ .9&#j .%n4+J W#y*
RE*F}*.T .o) l "#$ *Fp !4R$+J W#y*.9A *89L4H .9&#4B !*E4R$ .9&#
"#,4!9$5 !67 !.9A#"#J%TFy**.T .4B !4B ! !.A TEH*.U*.yEF# !#,4
jT0)*19U .G ..9&#+J K0 .2WN0QEeB*Be0QE0H4.T !jO8*1!9$67 !e1
4.{91L1234+J W#y*6n$*F~ +n+$O4.-4Q40I#4H+M *F~ *.*F2u !4R$4Q4.L !
9*9C !4R$.l*e
T #,4 .2O 6$e9+#o9+.9eOEO*$G .jT0)*%s6709 ..p$
Hỡnh 2.1Cụng on thit k ngc
^9A*$0e*FO ! .w ! t0*F}j891VE4B ! !.A*.9C*DC !2344z !1L
1234Q-67 !%TO+J W#y*#E .9~ / j@ 4.2$0$ !*s .4.#E~ !.9A-s67
.24Q44B !*E+J W#y*e4.C*8OD.#B 4.O4Q40r*.T ! .n$e4{D.s*.2u !D.9
.l 1{ 1r*.T !4R$4Q41,9*Q4jT0o)D.#B 4.O0I#+J K04.O*F2@4*.G1$
+,%9A4+,.H$0B.G .jyE6wj9A#1&#*.n4.9A 4Q4.*.R4B !e1O%o !*$E9A4
5 !67 !4Q4*.9C*o+,.H$4B ! !.A4$O4.#E~ 67 !e4Q4 / 0&0*.9C*DC !234
%I 4.2$ .9&#.4H+,s*4B !*E4H*.UjT0*.NO.3-1 ! .24B !*EOT !
#,4eF# !*V064.%74B ! !.A??N4..$E4Q4%9A 4Q4*F2u !189.p4
.2*F2u !89p4e89p4Q4.d.O$Z.s9 .e89p4Q4.
d.O$T)94H0QE"#*? .2 !4.REC#%I jT 744.O.p4*l-%T !.9~ 45#
2.1.2. u- nhc im ca cụng ngh thit k ngc.
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 14
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
-u im:

d9U0*F$4.y*j23 !+J K0o !4Q4.+O+Q .0B.G .%@9+J
K0e*v1H19&#4. .0B.G ..Or44Q4*.B !+,4B ! !.A1U*8OF$+J K018*E~#
4/#
B.G .1n{4+67 ! .2jT0B.G .*F# !!9$ *FO !"#Q*FG .*.9C*
DCo !4Q4.*8O+J K0o !*$E*F~ 1y*+*e*.84.4$Oe+Q-F9"#*.G .1U*8O
0B.G .v0B.G . TE !2u9*$+4. .+$*.NOk0#,
9J0o@**.u9!9$ 4.C*8O6I *@9 t !+#y*4$O
.C*8O1234 !#E~ 0I#0TD.B !4/ oJ *.9C*DC
- Nhc im.
+/ 4H4B ! !.A.9A 189jT4Q4jO890QE"#*.G .
9Q*.T .4$O
2.2. Quy trỡnh cụng ngh thit k ngc.
!TE $E%@9+n Q**F9U 4R$D.O$.p44B ! !.A.9A 189e"#Q*FG .+J W#y*
+J K0 !TE4T !12344.#E~ 0B .H$e%9A44.C*8OF$jO89+J K012344.9$
*Q4.*.T . .9&#4B !1O8 F9~ !o9A* .2 !4H"#$ .A0l**.9C*%@9 .$#*.NO*9~#
4.#K 4.# !*., ! .y*.3-*.T ."#E*FG .+J W#y*#E4H .9&#4J9*9C 0@9+O !
"#9*FG .+J W#y*.9A $E .G 4.# !1&#1234o9U#.9A o !(+{1G .(
FO !"#E*FG .*.9C*DC*.#l eW#y* Q**vk*2} !*.9C*DC4R$ !2u9*.9C*DC.Or4
4R$D.Q4..T !0B*J+J K0e !2u9*.9C*DC Q4*.JO+{o)+J K0oJ %
J % Q4*.JO TE+1234*s .*OQ e V *s4.eD9U0*F$4Q4*.B !+,Dq
*.#l*e*s .4B ! !.Awj9A#12344.#EU *v+$ !=>$#1H0B.G .+
1234*,92#.H$12$F$oJ %*.9C*DCoJ %.OT 4. .9C-*.NO"#$4Q4
o2@44.#K o4B ! !.AZZejl-*FG .!9$4B !e0B !%T4.C*8O*.
0I#+J K0o ! 2{ ! Q-*8O0I# .$ .<Z.Or4*F~ 4Q40QE4B !47e0QE
I#+J K04.C*. TE+12341N019D9U0*F$*.n4*CWN04H*.$0L
4Q4E~#4/#1r*F$.$E
D.B !C#D.B !18**.G+"#$E%&4. .+$j89*voJ % Q4*.JO9C-*74"#Q
*FG .*F~ 4.O*@9D.90I#+J K018*E~#4/#*.G0@912$%TO+J W#y**.n4+n
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 15
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận

Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
Hỡnh 2.2: Quy trỡnh thit k ngc
Hỡnh 2.3: Quy trỡnh thit k thun v quy trỡnh thit k ngc
FO !"#E*FG .*.9C*DC !2344.| !*$jT0 !234j89#y* Q*19U0jT0I#
+J K0*.n4*C (Physical part)I#+J K0*.n4 TE1234+,.H$%T+jko !
4Q4*.9C*o%T / 0&04.#E~ 67 !1U12$F$0B.G .47*.U>$#1H12340B
.G .4.O+J K0F9*.G4Q44B !1O8 *9C-*.NO4z !!9, ! .24.#*FG .+J
W#y**.#l *FJ9"#$4Q4o2@4*s .*OQ e V *s4.e*,92#.H$*F~ 4Q4 / 0&0
=e4.#K o4B ! !.AZZ!9$4B !*8O0I# .$ ..Or4jl-*FG .!9$
4B !*F~ 0QE.$E4Q40QE4B !47D.Q4eD9U0*F$*.n4*C4#,94 !0@912$%TO
+J 4 !0@912$%TO+J W#y*189*FT
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 16
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
2.3. Quy trỡnh mụ hỡnh húa mu sn phm ó cú sn theo cụng ngh thit k ngc.
#Q*FG .0B.G ..H$0I#+J K04H+M e*8OF$4Q40B.G .47*.U4R$
%l*0I#jT4B !1O8 "#$ *Fp !%TjT*Fp !*V04R$4B ! !.A*.9C*DC !234#9
*FG .0B.G .47*.U12344.9$jT04Q4!9$91O8 +$#
2.3.1. Giai on s húa sn phm.
U+,.H$+J K0*$6 !4Q40QE"#*.G .1U"#*.G .68 !%l**.Un$
*.NO4Q4.*.54"#*.G . !2u9*$ V F$(68 !*.9C*o"#*.G .4.REC#jT4Q40QE
"#*68 !*9C-W|4 .20QE1O*p$1) Coordinate Measuring Machine - CMM)%T
4Q40QE"#*D.B !*9C-W|40QE"#*j$NFQ40QE+67 !4Q41/#1O1U
*9C-W|4%@9o&0r*4/ 1O)*+,%*Fs*9C-W|4+4.O0)*19U04H*p$1)WeEe
l-.3-4Q419U0 TE+*8O*.T .4Q4j2@919U0%*F~ .G .6Q !%l**.U 4Q4
0QE"#*j$NF*.G+67 !4.0*9$j$NF Q*F$*v0QE4.9C#%TO%l**.UQ4*9$ TE
+ J W8*F}j894J0o9C *.#QE*l-.3-4Q4*9$ J W8 TE1U6n !j~ J .4R$
%l**.UG .68 !4R$*OT o)%l**.U1234!.9j89o !4Q4.64.4.#EU .$E"#$E%l*
*.U*FO !4.0Q .+Q !.Or4"#*4.0Q .+Q ! !$ !"#$%l**.UZ.2{ ! Q-
TE4H1)4.s .WQ4D0.{ 2{ ! Q-*9C-W|4+O ! .$ ..{ %T1/E1R.{

wj9A#*.#1234D.B ! J9jTj2@919U00TjT*l-.3-%B%T 4Q4D.,9J .19U0
1Q00VE19U0Q00VE19U0 TE+4.#EU +$ !j2@9*$0!9Q46 !1UWVE6n !
4Q4o&0r*
2.3.2. Giai on s lý s liu d húa.
9$91O8 TEo$O!0o2@4
2@4. .+$j2@96wj9A#e1Q00VE19U0
2@4({ !9J .H$j2@9*$0!9Q4o !4Q4.!9J0+,j23 !*$0!9Q4
%T*,92#.H$%*Fs1 .%T4Q4.DC* ,94Q448 .4R$09*$0!9Q4*FO !j2@9+$O4.O4Q4
1r419U0.G ..p4D.B !*.$E19
2@4?.9$ .j2@9%T4*o / *.v$1L1{ !9J .H$1U*8Oo&0r*
*F{ *.NOk0#,
Q4.G .+$#6VE0B*J4B ! !.A"#*1/# !2u9
a. Quột hỡnh b. D liu sau quột c. Ti u húa d. Dng cỏc b mt
Hỡnh 2.4: Mụ hỡnh húa chi tit mt ngi
2.3.3. Thit k li trờn c s d liu s húa.
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 17
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
F~ 4{+}6wj9A#+,.H$1L+jk*$6n !j890B.G .4.O+J K068 !
Soid.Or468 ! Surfaceo !4Q4 / 0&04.#E~ 67 !Z./ 0&0*.9C*DC !234
dC*"#J4#,94 !*$ .l 12340)*o&0r**F{ %T12344.#EU %TO9jN%@94Q4
1 .68 ! IGES, DXF, STL.G .?6
2.3.4. To mu, gia cụng chi tit.
v6wj9A#0B.G .e4H*.UQ-67 !4B ! !.A*8O0I# .$ .
(Rapid Prototyping)1C*8OF$0I#4.O+J K0z !4H*.U*8O0I#*F~ 0QEe
D.9 1H J9 jl- *FG . .u 4Q4 / 0&0 4.#E~ !.9A- .2
Cimatron, Pro/Engineer, GibCAM, 1U*8OF$4Q412u !4.8E6$OG . 62@91VE
09 ..p$"#Q*FG .!9$4B !0r* !2u9*F~ 0QE $E
Hỡnh 2.5: Phay mt ngi trờn mỏy CNC
2.4. Cỏc ng dng ca cụng ngh thit k ngc.

@9*s .2#%9A*4R$0G .jT0B.G ..H$1234 .9&#4.9*9C*DU4Q44.9*9C*4H1)
24*8-4$O0)*4Q4. .$ .4.H !%T4.s .WQ41Q-5 !*,91$4Q4 .#4/#1$68 !
4R$*.*F2u !*FO !Fy* .9&#j .%n4
FO !j .%n4 !.A*.#l*
FO !j .%n4 TE4B ! !.A*.9C*DC !2341234*.U.9A }%9A4+$O4.-
.Or4 V *s4.4Q41r419U0e *%4R$4Q4D9A**Q4.)9.p$e19~#D.4.B !*.2u !
%@94Q44.9*9C*E~#4/#4$O%&*s .*.K00qe+J K012340B.G ..H$o}94Q4 .T
Dq*.#l* (Stylist)*F~ 4Q44.y*j9A# .21y*+*e4.y*6ÂOe!#E .9~ 4Q4*Q4 K0
.$E4Q4D9A**Q4 !.A*.#l*4.jTDC*"#J4R$%T9 .T !.A*.#l*e .T*.9C*DC TO1He
*FO !D.91H$94z !0#, 12344He0#, 1234*.2} !*.544.| !.#4/#*.*F2u !
19.94Q4+J K0 J94H+,j23 !j@ *.NO0)*%T9 O !4Q4.e.$E+J K04R$
0)*+, .T*.9C*DC0T*Q4 K04R$.p1L1234D. !1 .*F~ *.*F2u !U1Q-5 !
.#4/#1H4/ 4H12340B.G .4R$+J K00O !0#, 9A4 TE4.4H*.U
*.n4.9A 1234o !4B ! !.A*.9C*DC !234@94Q4*.9C*o.9A 189%T+n*F3!9|-
4R$0QE*s .4.| !*$4H*.UWVE6n !12344Q46nj9A#!9, !.A*0B.G .*.l*6O
4Q4 .T0q*.#l**8OF$%@96# !+$9 .B ! !.A RE4H%$9*FFy*j@ *FO !4J9*9C
0I#0L+J K0`~#4/#%&*.u9!9$ D.B !4.O -4.| !*$D.94.C*8O0I#
0L0@94H*.Uo*1/#4.#*FG .+J W#y**vD.V# Q4*.JO*.9C*DC*@9*s .*OQ e*,9
2#e4.C*.D9U0*F$D9U0 !.9A00@912$%TO+J W#y*%G"#Q*FG .*F~ *, Fy* .9&#
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 18
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
*.u9!9$ e4B !+54O%lE0T4.| !*$ J9o9C*DC*.v$4Q40I#+J K01L1234
*,92#e18*4Q4*9~#4.#K D9U0*F$*F~ 4{+}1H*$*.9C*DCj89 .3-%@9E~#4/#0@9
1U4H12340)*0I#%lE+!9J01234*.u9!9$ *.9C*DCeF|* ! *.u9!9$
12$+J K0%TO*.*F2u !*54jT!9J0*.u9!9$ 4R$4.#*FG .+J W#y* (Lead time)
@9 .#4/#4R$*.*F2u !*.$E19j9~ *74*v ! !TE .2.9A $E4B !*E TO+@0
12$F$12340I#0L0@9+4.9C01234*. / %T!9T .1234j39 .#l 4$O .y*
4B !*E TO12$F$+J { +D.B !4 4{.)94H1234j39 .#l O
%lE4B ! !.A*.9C*DC !234<=*.n4+n+jT*Fp !*V04R$4B ! !.A*.9C*DC+J

K04R$*2{ !j$9B ! !.A RE4 1234+67 !D.94/ *.$E*.C4.9*9C*eo) l
0T .T+J W#y*D.B !4 4# !4y-e4.| !*$ J94.C*8Oj894.| !0TD.B !.&4H
oJ %*.9C*DC$ED.90#, +J W#y**.NO0I#0L0@9*,92#*F~ *.*F2u !0T .T
*.9C*DCF$4.| !jT00y*ejT0. !e.Or4D.B !0#, 4# !4y-*T9j9A#*.9C*DCr4
o9A*jTD.9+J K04H.G .68 !Fy* 54*8-eD.H09~#*J .2.G . !2u9e.G .4O
%l*
Hỡnh 2.6 : Cụng ngh RE dng mụ hỡnh CAD cho cỏc tỏc phm ngh thut
FO !D.JO4.p4e4B ! !.A RE4.O -D.B9 74.G .68 !4R$4Q4+9 .%l*
*.u9*9& +6n$*F~ 4Q4.H$*.84.4*.#1234*FO !1y*e1Qe.$E*FO !ot !0TD.B !.&
jT0* .89.$E Q.O890I#.H$*.84.1H<=4 4.O -4.| !*$6n !j894Q40I#
*23 !4eD.B9 74j894Q44B !*FG .D9C *F|4e !.A*.#l*41Lo*T Q*FO !j4.
+
Hỡnh 2.7 : ng dng RE trong kho c hc

GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 19
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
FO !E.p4B ! !.A*.9C*DC !2344.O -4.| !*$4H*.U*8OF$4Q4o)- l
4{*.U .3-4.O*v !oA . .V *FO !*.u9!9$ ! 1U*.$E*.C4Q4D.#EC**l*e4Q4o)
l . !eo* *.2{ !eo.2.896O*$9 8 .Or46OoK0+9 . .2W2{ !eD.@-eFt !
.T0e0J .+p LO
Hỡnh 2.8: ng dng RE to mt ngi dựng trong y hc

FO !*.u9*F$ !e RE*F3!9|-14jn44.O4Q4 .T*.9C*DC*8O4Q4*F$ ! 744Q40I#
0L*.NO.G .6Q !4O !2u9
B ! !.A RE4 12345 !67 !F) !FL9*FO !j .%n4!9J9*Fse0B ! .2
*.9C*DC4Q4 .V %l**FO !$0N?e*8O4Q40B9*F2u !!9$O69A JO*FO !$0N
74%7!9J*FsejT0 90J ..$E0B !"#Q*FG . TO1H 74%74.O0741s4.
TO1H
Hỡnh 2.9 : S dng RE thit k nhõn vt trong thi trang phim nh

B ! !.A RE4 1234Q-67 !*FO !0)*%T9j .%n4D.Q4 w$H94.# !45
}1V#4/ *.9C*DC12$F$0B.G .*.G}1H4H*.UQ-67 !4B ! !.A<=#
.2@ !4R$ & +J W#y*.9A 189.2@ !1C *9~#4.sÊJust - In - TimejT*9~#4.s
! *.u9!9$ 4.C*8O+J K0@9*9~#4.seD.OJ !*.u9!9$ *.u9!9$ *vj|41r*
.T !+J K04.O1C D.94H+J K0*.l*1LF|* ! 19Fy* .9&#e4H*.U*s .*.NO
!TEe*.NO!9u*.$E%G*s .*.NO"#ke*.NO*.Q !.$E*.NO*#/ *F2@4D9$@9*s .2#
%9A*%&*.u9!9$ %T1)4.s .WQ4e4B ! !.A*.9C*DC !234.5$.Ă +jT4B ! !.A
*.9C*DC4.R18O4R$ & +J W#y*
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 20
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
2.5. ng dng cụng ngh CAD/CAM v cụng ngh Reverse Engineering thit
k chi tit chõn tht trong h thng gim xúc xe Wave
2.5.1. Gii thiu v phn mm XOR
2.5.1.1. c im ca phn mm XOR
<$-96OF0O<N6N+9! (XOR)jT / 0&0*.9C*DC !2344R$.L !<$-96
OF0T #,4VEjT0)*!9J9 Q- / 0&0.OT 4. . .y*Wjk6wj9A#*v
Scan- Sang - CAD<$-96OF0 (XOR)*.n4.9A 0)*"#E*FG .*8O4Q40B.G .
*.$0+,*v4Q44.9*9C*4R$*.C!9@9*.n40)*4Q4. .$ .4.H !%T66T !o !0)*"#E
*FG .*.9C*DC%T!9$O69A "#N *.#)4%@9 !2u9+67 !%@94Q41r419U04.s .
jT
8O4Q40B.G .*.$0+,*v6wj9A#1Q00VE19U0>
<$-96OF0c<N6N+9! (XOR)4.O - !2u9*.9C*DC12$F$4Q4!.94.|
*.9C*DC%T4Q4*.$0+,*.9C*DC4R$4Q44.9*9C*4R$*.C!9@9*.n4e4.| !4H*.Uo0y*4Q4
1 . !.$ Features*FO !"#Q*FG .Wjk+J W#y*.Or4D.B !4H0B.G .B !
!.A"#*?%T XOR4.O -4Q4 .T+J W#y*4H1234*.$0+,*.9C*DC4R$./#.C*
4Q44.9*9C**FO !*.C!9@9*.n40)*4Q4.66T !%T .$ .4.H !eo$O!04Q4 Features
.G .*F7.Or44Q4o&0r*4O !*n6OG4Q40B.G .1L*8O*FO !c<4H1/E1R
4Q4*.$0+,e !2u9*.9C*DC%T !2u9*s .*OQ 4H*.U.9A#4. .j894Q4*.$0+,*.9C*DC
4R$4.9*9C*1U.OT 4. .0B.G .+J K0o !c<.Or4.Ao~ 62@9

+ XOR4H4Q44B !47*.B !09 .1U4H12344Q4*.$0+,*.9C*DC6wj9A#
"#*? Redesign Assistant TM
.9C*DCj89%@94Q46# !+$91)jA .6O !2u9+67 !1 . !.$
Accuracy Analyzer.
.l 68 !*.B !09 .%T4t 4. .6wj9A#"#*?+$ !.A*., !*p$1)
*.9C*DC Align WizardTM
9J0*.u9!9$ *.9C*DCo !4Q4.+67 !6wj9A#"#*?jT04{+}*.9C*
DC
>67 !4Q46wj9A#1/#F$%@91/E1Rj4.+0B.G ..H$*FO !4Q4.A
CAD,CAM,CAE


#J jkj4.+0B.G ..H$%T4Q4*.$0+,4R$0B.G .
Q44.54 t !0B.G ..H$j890B.G .68 ! Meshj2@9e68 ! Freeform
Surface 0r*4O !*n6O%T68 !D.,9*.$0+,parametric solid
d.J t !0B.G ..H$68 ! Solid%T68 !o&0r**9~#4.#K .2 Extrude,
Round, Revolve, Sweep v Loft.
l- .l*4Q40B.G ..9A 4H1U*.$E19*FO !0B9*F2u !WVE6n !4.9
*9C* CAD-to-Scan Refit.
Q4j39*.C4R$?>4$ 9 !4R$ XOR:
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 21
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
Q44B !47*.9C*DC1234+67 !1U*8O4Q40B.G .*FO !c<4z !*2{ !
*n .2 *FO ! 4Q4 5 ! 67 ! D.Q4 !2u9 *.9C* DC 1$ ! jT0 %9A4 %@9
INVENRTOR, CATIA, Pro/Engineer.Or4 Unigraphics4H*.Uo*1/#0B.G ..H$
!$Ejl-*54*FO !c<Q4 feature 74%71UjT0%9A4*FO !c<%T4B ! !.A
"#*?+M 6 !4.O*.9C*DCe4.O - !2u9*.9C*DC+67 !6wj9A#>4$ ?1U
jT04{+}*.9C*DCejT0*t !4.y*j23 !0B.G .+J K0
#E*FG .*.9C*DC*.B !09 .D.B !4/ J9>4$ *OT o)4.9*9C*

8O4Q40B.G .4.y*j23 !4$O*v4Q46wj9A#>4$ D.B !.OT 4. .
9C*D9A0*.u9!9$ Wjko !4Q4.WH$o4Q4j2@91$!9Q4%T4Q4o&0r* .9#
Q40B.G .4HD.J t !4. .+$*FO !4J<$-96OF0c<N6N+9! %T4Q4.A
j@
2.5.1.2. Chc nng ca phn mm XOR
Rapidform XO RedesignjT0)*!9J9 Q- / 0& 4. .e H
4# !4y-4Q4.*9C-4l 0@9e4Q4Wjk .H0e1UWVE6n !0B.G .*.$0+,*v6w
j9A#>4$ c<*8O4Q40B.G .4.y*j23 !4$O0)*4Q4.*9A j394.O4Q45 !67 !*8O
0I# .$ .e!9$4B !e=%TW#y*+$ !4Q45 !67 !D.Q41U.9A#4. .
.54 t !*.9C*DCD.-Ds end - to - end*v6wj9A#j2@9+$ !0B.G .
*F34.O0p9"#E*FG .*.9C*DC !234e12$F$4Q4!.94.|*.9C*DC%9A4jyEF$
4Q4*.$0+,*.9C*DC.Or4*8OF$oJ +$O4.s .WQ4
,92#.H$*54*.G6wj9A#@ !+67 !<Zee=%T Q*
*F9U JO
d.J t !0B.G ..H$%@91)*9 .%94$O .2 !%I *l 67 !4Q4 feature 0B
.G ..H$D.,9%To&0r*"#N *.#)4
d.J t !*9 .4. .6wj9A#j2@91U**j23 !4$O
.4/ .y 0)* |*1U4.#EU .$ .+$ !4Q45 !67 !D9U0*F$Ô V *s4.
*.9C*DC
n1) !4.9$%9A4*8OF$4Q40B.G .4.54 t ! CAE,Scan-to- CAE.
2.5.2. Cỏc ch lm vic ca Rapid form XOR .
XOR4HY4.C1)jT0%9A4(mode).90)*4.C1)4H4Q4D9U#*8OF$.9A#4. .
.Or4.9A#4. .F9~ !4R$0G .J .62@91VE+4.4.O*$*.yE4Q44.C1)
Hỡnh 2.10: Cỏc ch lm vic ca Rapid Form XOR
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 22
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
Meshj2@9FO !4.C1) Mesh,*$4H*.U.T 1/E4Q4 / D.B ! .OT
4. .4R$6wj9A#68 !j2@9o !4B !47 Heal Wizard. Fix Normal,Fill Holes,jT0
0 o&0r*%@94B !47 Smoothe!9J0j2@919U0 DecimateejT0*F{ *OT o)6wj9A#

Enhance,*,92#.H$6wj9A#j2@9 Optimize Mesh%T4Q44B !47D.Q48 4z !WH*.U
.9A#4. .4Q4o9~ 68 !e*Q9*8O4Q4j2@9*$0!9Q44.O FEM, RP .Or4 Machining,
XOR4H*.~0 .9&#4.54 t !1U*8OF$4Q46wj9A#.OT 4. .$E4.O -*9 .4. .
j89o&0r*j2@9e*,92#.H$j2@9*+jk*.T .68 ! solid.$E surface.
Region group .H0e V % !FO !4.C1) Region groupe*$4H*.U V
% !6wj9A#Q409& 1234 .H0j89o !4Q4. V *s4.o&0r*4R$6wj9A#j2@9e4Q4
% !1H12346 !1U*8OF$4Q40r*e.G .*.$04.9C#%T%%
Mesh Sketchj2@9 Q4*.JOFO !4.C1) Mesh Sketch,*$4H*.UjyEF$
*.B !*9 4Q4o) l %T*8OF$ Q4*.JO*v4Q41O8 4R$6wj9A#j2@9Q4 Q4*.JO
1H12346 !1U*8OF$4Q4D.,91r4.Or44Q4o&0r*4R$4.9*9C*
- SketchoJ Q4*.JOFO !4.C1) Sketch Modee*$4H*.U%12u !*. !e
4# !e12u !4O !e%*F 0-0TD.B !4/ 6wj9A#0@9H*.U6 !Sketch .2jT
0B1# 4R$4Q4 / 0&0D.Q4
- 3D Mesh Sketch Q4*.JOj2@9?FO !4.C1)? Mesh Sketch*$4H*.U
%4Q40B.G .?*F~ D.OJ !D.B !e4.s .F$4Q4 / *4.9*9C*.Or4
*8OF$4Q412u !!9$O*#EC !9w$4Q4%l**.UQ412u !!9$O*#EC 1H4H*.U6 !1U
*8Oj~ 4Q40r*.$ED.,91r4
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 23
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
2.5.3. Quỏ trỡnh s dng phn mm XOR trong x lý d liu scan, xõy dng mụ hỡnh
CAD cho chi tit mu quột
2.5.3.1. Phõn tớch mụ hỡnh
wj9A#*.#123468 !*.B4H .9&#D.#EC**l**$+4. .+$e*,92#6wj9A#%T
V % !* !0B.G .B.G .4H68 !D.,9 ~ *$+*8OD.,9*F7o$O
Ds 4.9*9C*+$#1H4t 456wj9A#j2@9*$
6n !4Q4o&0r*e4Q4D.,9 Extrude*v4Q4 Q4*.JO !4Q40r*e4Q4D.,9 TE*$
4*.Or4!.-ejyE1,9W5 !*8O*.T .4.9*9C*
|$*FG .+jk6wj9A#+,.H$1234*.n4.9A .2+$#
2.5.3.2. X lý li d liu (Mesh Editing)

.l-0B.G ."#*v0T .G .jT0%9A4e.p Insert/ImporteF9jyE0B.G .*v
%*Fs1L1r*.y 1|-4.#)*%TO0B.G .F9%TO4.C1) Mesho !4Q4.y %TOo9U#
*23 ! *F~ Tool bar.Or4 .y Tool/Mesh tooleW#y*.9A 4Q4o9U#*23 !*F~ Tool
bar !4Q44B !47 TE1UjT0+84.o&0r*j2@9*s . t !4R$4Q467 !471L1234
*FG .oTE*FO ! / Mesh
Hỡnh 2.11: Cỏc cụng c x lý d liu
E*v !9jN"#*0T4.| !*$+67 !4Q44B !474.O*.s4..3-*FO !
0I#"#* TEN06 !0)*%T9*s . t !4B !47 .2
G0j896wj9A#19U00T6wj9A#*$0!9Q44. !4.Oj~ .$#%TWH$o
/ 1H19o !4B !47 Fend Defech
n1) !*G04Q46wj9A#Fu9F84%Tj9~ DC*4.| !j89%@9 .$# Healing
X9$F6
T0oH !4Q4o&0r* Smooth
9J0+,j23 !j2@9*$0!9Q4 Decimate
,92#.H$6wj9A#j2@9 Optimize Mesh
G .62@91VE*.U.9A DC*"#J4R$4R$4Q44B !47Wjk6wj9A#+$#D.9
"#*
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 24
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận
Trờng ĐHSPKT Hng Yên Đồ án tốt nghiệp
Hỡnh 2.12: X lý d liu quột
2.5.3.3. Phõn mng vựng d liu (Region Group)
ds4..O8*o9U#*23 ! Region Group *F~ Task bar.Or4*.NO12u !6I
Tool/Region Tools,F~ Tool barW#y*.9A 4Q4o9U#*23 !+$#e*2{ !5 !%@94Q44B !
474.O%9A4 V % !
U V % !*n1) !*$4.p (Auto segment)
Hỡnh 2.13: Phõn vựng t ng
GVHD: Trơng Tất Tài Trang 25
SVTH: Trần Văn Thuận