Writing Skills For GRE-GMAT Episode 1 Part 3 docx

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. .,NOTE:
If
you
rc a cR!
tesr t:ker who opls to submit
a
handwrinen
.
cssay,
you
won't have tl]c luxrul' of rearmnSing

senlcnces a'ld
para_
8.rphs.
I'ou'll
necd to srlc
Ercrtcr
c:lrc
to
gei
it righr $e first timc.
Noq', hcre
are thc
bodl'
p:lr,rgraphs
of m,r' rcsponsc
to cach of thc two
simulxred
Issues. As
)'ou
re:rd
thcse
bodi
par,rSnphs.
nole lire followinS:
.
I rricd to srick to m) outline
$fiitc ar dre snmc iime rcmxi.lrin8 ,lcxiblc
:rs
ncw
idels for conlcnt or orgxnizltion

occr.rrrcd to nlc.
(Nolice,
for
insilnce,
that I rcpositioned certain
points
frotri
nr-\'otltlines,)
.
I havcn't ircludcd eve,-r'single
polnt from m) outlinc. Thrt s
becausc
you probabl-\r won't
hrve drne to cover
everv
poinr you I!ant
to make.
.
You
might
personall_v
eithcr
ag.ce
or
disagree $/ith mi'posidons ot
$,'ith
my reaions
for them. That's finc;
when
it comes

to the Issue
essay, it s
rll a mattcr of opinion-and
noi even
_vour
honest
opinion
ar thatl
.
A8ain, I've
underlined words and
phmses dut
vou
might use in
almost
any
Issuc
essay to help
you
see
how rhe
jdcas
flow naturilly
and
pcrsursivcly
faom one
to the nexr,
Fou r-Paiagraph Body
(Issuc
1)

L{pcriencc rc s us rhar indjviduals and
pdvate
corpomdons
tend to act
ifl drcir
own
shorr.tc.m €conomic and
poliliqll
iote.cst, rot on
behalf
ofrhc
cnvironmenr or the
public
at lat8€. f.or exrmple,
cuncflt technol-
o8y
makcs
possible
the compiere elitnination ofpoliuting
cmissions
from auromobiles. Nev€ftheless- neidrer auiomobilc manufac$rers nor
consumcrs arc
willing
orable ro
voluotarily make the sboft-tcimJacri.
-
fices ncccssuy ro accomplish this
goal.
Only thc
govemment

holds the
reftllarory and enforcement
power
ao impose the n ecessarl' stlndards
ard to ensure th.at
we
achieve these
8oa.ls.
A1g!ggU,
go.'emment pen?.ltics
do nol
guamnlee
compliancc
wi.h
environmcntal regulations.
Businesscs often aftempt to
avoid compli
ancc by conccaling t})eir activitjes, lobbyrng
lcsislato.s to modiry
re[lu]ations, or moving
ope.atjofls to
jurjsdictions
rhxl allow thcir
environmcnt'lly hirn-Lful
acrivides. Others calculate
*rc cost of
poluting,.in
tcrms of
punishmcnt,
:thcn

budSel in
advance fo.
'anticipatcd
pcn2lrics
and oper
y
violate the llw.
llovcvcr, tiis
-
bchevior
only.sclvcs to
underscore
tjre necd for
Sovernmcot
intervcn.
tion, bccause left udenered,
this tt?e of behavior
vould
only
cx"ccrbatc
cfl vironmcnLd
problems,
One
must idmit as
weLl
ihat
goverruncni regulttion,
environmcnral
or
lthcrwisc.

is Faught
with
bure.xucratic
"'|d enJorcemcnt
Problcms.
ncgu'
latory
qvsrems
inhcrcntll call fo.
Iegislativc
comminces. invcstigations,
Wrltlrg
Skllk|or
tbe
GRE/GIuT Tests
4@.Petenorr'.@m
,1r1
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6. Cor'lposr
a Bnrrr
CoNcLuorNG
oR SuMMARy Plnqoupn
Urdess
]'our
css:l) has:r clcxr rnd. tbc readcr migh! rhink vou
didn'r finish
in
nmc. Thrl s no{ thc iort)rcssion vou
w:rnt
ro nr:rke: so
bc

surc
(o
mxkc
timc
Io
wrap
up vour discussion.
Convc\'
thc nuin thnrst of
vour
essn\' ir)
rso of threc scnlcnces. It ao cspccialll' insiShth.rl concludinll
Jroint
occurs
to
you.
lhc finxl senlcncc of
),our
essal is lhc
pl.lcc
for i!,
For cxch of the two simulated Issues, herc s a brief summarl tha!
assurcs tlrc rc:rder
I've or8Rnizcd
my
tific
weLl rnd
finished m)'
cssrl'-
Notice thar this

brief summ:rD
does,rol
inrroduc€
rn_\' ne\r' reasons or
cxampiesi it s
jusr:r
quick
recapirulation.
(Again,
I've underlined
words
and
phdses
that
you
could use in an)'
nnrl
prrrgraph.)
Final Pamgiaph
(lssuc
1)
ln the find
eralysis,
only
d1e autboriw and
scope of
power that a
Foverrrmcnt
posscsses
can ensure the atuinment

of
aSrced.upon
cnvi.rotuncntal
goals,
Since individuals
arc unablc
and buslDcJscs
aie
by nature unwillirg
to assume
this lcsponsibility,
Sovemrncot
must
do so.
Finnl Paragraph
(l$sue
2)
ln sum,
although leidership, indivjduxl ambirion, and €ven the
valuc
of tangibl€ ,rscrs
plr),
crucial
rolcs
ln ahe
succcss
of
many large
businGs o4laniadons. reamwork is the singlc ingrcdicnt commoi
to

all sucll or!:aniTidons. It is, drerefore, the
kcy
one.
L Be sr.re
you've prescnted
varvins
perspcctives
on
$c issuc,
Thcrc's norhrnS
wronS with adopting a strong
posiuon,
but
you
should ,lways ackrowledge $c
merits and dmwbacks of othcr
viewpoinE
as
wcll.
If
your
cssay
appcars too one-sidcd, now's
tlle time ro add e
pangmph
that rcmedies this
problcm.
Check
your paragflphs
to see

iI thcy are ba.]anced in
lcoSith.
lf
thcy
arcn'r,
perhaps you
dwellcd
too
lon8
on one
arca
of
disc\rssion,
whilc
in anotler,
you
neglccted
to
providcadcqur&
suppon
(rersons
andlor cxamples).
Dur48 step 7 is lhc
timc to
llim hck and
lill
our as necded to
achieve r
balanccd
Drcscnta-

Check
your
inlroductory and concludinB
pangmphs
to m?ke
sure
t}lev'rc consistent
q,ith
cach other.
2.
3.
u4at.pctetsons.com
Petison
s
,
Wtlrinq
skltts
Iof
tbe
GRUGMAT TE'T,
7. R.rvrrw AND REVTsE FoR CoHEiENcE AND BALANCE
Be sure rc rescavc
time ro revise xnd rework
your
essal' as needed for
r
-
balanccd, coherent discussioo. Hcre's
what
you

should
n1'to accomplish.
durinS
stcp 7:
tol
sroeat2d
ntn,nl
-
,t',t
J.vjr,r/.
t!
i.ll
r(J
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uon[ruJund

S(ntJr!o)
or('t
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rno,(Jo
ft,
putds
I,uoo
.
.pneq
rz
ru-rod crF Sutpu[]slrpun
ruo{
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ru.^ord
rq€ruJ,{aqr
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srola
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JJtoq)
pro,rd)
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lsour r.,oi::rorro3
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t.uona
$JpE9l
stLI
S$J^trU
aq
lou
prau,(f,ssa
rnol
.gJo
alors
dot xro!
.
A sl:raemcnt
dral
firi:'cs
two
dislircr

brtt rehred
issues (onc
migh(
be ,
rhrcshold
issuc, \vhich
vou
should
:rddr€ss
bcforc
analr,zing
thc
mxio
issue)
.
A srarcmenr
thr!
Iisls.
or
othc.wisc
cn)brxces,
No
or morc
dtslinct
caregories (diffcrenr
care8o.irs
ofren
tcnd
dirrcnng
clegrces

o,
suppon
ao rhe
sL?tement)
.
A surcmenr
rhar
mi8hr
be uue
(or
una[uc) gcncrilt],but
fails
ro
accounr
for
significxnr
exceprional
cascs
(look
foa
all_inclusive
words
such
as
orll,, aII,
aod
Drust)
.
A sraremenr
thar

is unclexr
or vaguc
in
some wav
(in
other
words.
lhe st?remeDt,s
,lccur?cy
depends
on
thc
mcaning
of key
tcrms
or
how you
iracrpret
the
sEtcmcnt
as
x whole)
Kcep
rhcsc
panems
in
mird
a5 you
rcacl
ary

cRI
or
GIUAT
lssue
sute-
mcnt.
lf
you
recognize
a
ccrrain parrem
behind
t})e
shrcment,
tl],
ro
'
deveiop
a
pcrspccrivc,
or ticsis.
rh.,r qualifics
rhe
sr^rcfirent
accof(insry.
Srnoruo
AonEemer.n
{AccrnnNce}
oR
DIsaGREEMEM

(RErecroN)
you
don,r
nc
n.,o,.,o."0,,,oo"!f
:?;
;,:ffJ.::"jffi:
:.i
::T"I::51T:J ,
.vou
musr
providc
sound
rcffons
lnd
suppon,rg
cxamplcs
to
iusri6,
such
. sr.ong
ag.cemenr (oi
disa8reemcnr).
and you
must
rt
lcast
acknowlcd8e
a
conrmfv

vic\\,.
,{rlopting
a
Controversial
position
It's
oka), ro
tak€
a conrrovcrsirl
sEnce
on an issue,
bu! avoto
cornrng
across
:ff
ilff
:ff : ilffi
:fi
:T:tr"JJ;,:T.:T:j;;.f
:n.,:fl:
roDs
one way
or thc
orher.
Don,t
wo.ry
thar
lhe
readcr
miv

havc
a
person:rl
vie\r.poinr
thar
diffcrs
srronglyfrom
yours
or
ihar
yourposluon
ma,,
appeat
somcwhat
.ri8hr_wing"
or
"lcft-wing."
cRE rrd
GMAT
ieaOers
are
traintd
to
bc objectivel
Mor€over, gEduare
schools
wclcome
srudcnE
\vho
ere inde_

pcndcnt
tlin_kers
with
dislircr pojn$
of
view.
Ap_".)ealirtg_
to
Moialirt',
Spiiituatify,
or
Jingoism
Avoid
inllammerory
satement5,
and
don't prcach
or
proselltjzc.
Approach
the lssue wriring
ri.sk
as
an
inrcllecrual
excrcrse
i'l wlicb you
disp:rssion_
atcly
cxrmine l?lrous

vicwpoinE.
Do nor
use ir
as a
forum for
strarins
l,orlr |crronrl
bcUcftysrem
It rr pcriccrl),appropriarc
to cr;Ucizc
panicu-
lar
bchaeior, poiicies,
or
vicwpoinrs
as
operaling
rgairst
rhc
bcsr
inrercsr
of
a busincss
or
oI a
socicq,,
Bur
rcfrain
from
c,ther condcnrr.irR

or
cxtouirt
bascd
on
pcrsonrt
moraj
Frounds.
Also rvo;O
ctcmagogucry
(appcrls
ro
prciudicc
or cmotion)
or
jin8oism
(cxcessive
pa6iorism).
brs.perdsot\ com
Pct*soi's I
Vlnng
Skrk
Jor
tbe
GRE/GMAT
Tcs.s
t1).iroe'rd on,
srsal
lvtrtDmxt
aq!
nfs

t?/S
SutrlJA
I
t,uosr4al
punorv
u.
rrJnl
'I
'su')lqr)Jd
tliru:wu(,r'^u)
trtqr.rtr. ,{luo
pllloa
Jol^xlF(l
J()
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srtlrprrlr14un
ljrl
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luaultll:^oiJ
lol
p,:)U
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AIUO.TOT^tq:q slql r)^a^roll
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-rsod
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snlt ^\ott s.trrlput ,ixssa
5ql
utrll

'axt
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JoJ
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uoDlsod x
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AVSSS lnSSl eNldOJS-H5lH
V
lSOdl,\O3.OI MOH
? Tri\ialrzc It
("Explair
lt As'a-Y")
Arguc
rha!
an
:lPParcnr
wc'Lkness of
]our Posnion
(or

strsngth
of
x
diffcrcn!
position)
is tnlirl-
minor' or insiSnificxnt
Thc
css;r\'
for lssuc
2
provides
an ctamPlc
First
thc cssrl
ofJlrs
nvo exrmPlcs
1at lend
apl>atcnt
support
to rhs opPosinS
Posn'on:
Olhcrs
miShl
ailc ai)e
hea\\'mxnufacturin8:rnd
nf,iu
l'tcsourcc
jndustfics,
whcrc lhe

value of l,angible
:rssels-'a\\'
materials
and
cepil,l
equipmenl-xrc
oft€n
the most
si8nificrnt
dcte'minanl
of
Du5rne55
success
Then.
thc
essa)' er?laitrJ
az'd)'lllesc
examplcs:
' . Hov/ever.
such industdes
are diminishjng
in sjSnificince
as
ve
movc
from
an industri:
societl'ro
an iojormatton
age

3"
Appeal
to
Broader
Considerations
r8xc
that
any minor
Problems
piih
your
position secm
trivi'l in
light of
the broad,
and
serjous,
implicatjons
that
th€ lssue
raises
Tbe
essay
for
lssue I
Provides
an
cxamPle
First. $e
cssay

acknowledges
x ccrtain
Problem
Ivith its
Po5inon:
'
.
.
fDlelxys
q?icxll-v
associrted
witb burcaucirtic
re8lrhtion
can
thwa.t the
purPosc
of
thc regulrtions,
because
enviroflmcntal
'
Prcblems
can
quickil'become
8.ave
indeed
Thcn,
the
cssay
points

out
thc
broad
socielal
consider:rtion
tl:rt
Puis
iris
mitot
drawback
in its
proPer
PcrsPective:
' .
lsluch
delays
sccm
trivial
when
\\'e
considct
thar
many
enviJon'
eotil
iroblcmi
car4'no!
onl-\'a
rcal
threat

to
Public
health
but
atso
a
Polcntial
threat
(o
the
veq'survi!'tl of
thc bumffr
sPecies
/,t"
The
'Lesser
of Two
EYiIs"
Method
Argue
I.1aL
an
opposinS
Position
is no suongel,
or
PerhaPs
cveo
s/caker'
in

a ccnaifl
rcspect. The
essay for
Issue I
provides an examplc
Fifs!
the
l
cssa-l
rcknowledgcs
a certain
weakicss in
its
Posttron:
.
IDlehys
l}?icdly
associlted
with
burcaucraric
regdatron
can
-
thqan
t)rc
purPosc of
the relxrladons
bccausc
cnvirotrncntal
problems can

quickly
becomc
Sravc
indced
,
1
.::r
.
Then.
the e55ay
points out an evcn
gleaicr
!/cal(ocss in
thc oPPosiDg
PosiLion:
'
' Hosrever,
givcn thal uniustjfiable
r€liuce
on
voluntecrisdr is
the
onl!
alletutive,
governmcnl rcgulatron
sccms
nccessa'
'
urytu.latc6o6.cont
rerctson

s
t
1vllttnq
Shlusfor
tbe
GPE/GMAT
TQs,s
tuo)-tuosroFdrD4nl

s,L
J.Vt1't/ildl
nqt ro[ s
lts
n'u!t].lar
L
t.uosJat
t
E
('auo
rxau
5ql,lo 1q3ll ul
'Ja^)aotl
'a)!^pl:
1o
rurod
s;qr
-r:prsuo3)
'Jr!l!urxJ
rxq^re(Uos
5q ot ll:rJll sl.rrprr

rqr
rlrJq^\
qrr,!
saldurrxa
esn 01 ljt
tng
uoplsod
Jno,{ .Frsloq ot stue^3
lrJUorslrl
pue
lurlnr
qloq
uo
^LrrP
'surt(Il
lrt
,{B s:rn3g
ll]uolslq
undotq_alull.Io
selnru aqr
dn
SuuniuoJ
lq Jo s)psll?ls
SqlrunoJ)r,{q nslod
e:oJs
lou
[l]a
nol.
tlt$rnd
tDlnyJ

ro
itprtdoaf Jo
e\\t98
x rlll
rou
sl lxss, rnssl rlll
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pur
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mot
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ot uollE)dt!|rl atll
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lnsq JoJ ,(?ss:
JqI
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lq
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uolrlsod Sqsoddo
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1i1t{l

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on4l
Jo
JelBaJc,
aqJ,
'5
AVSST lnSSr
9N|UO3S-H9lH
V
SSOdy\OO 01
MOH
Avoid the
Trite
and Hackneyed
Tn'to
avoid
usint bxckncvcd.
overuscd
cxamplcs
Io mJI:c
Your
Poinl
Kccp
in mind:
IIanY GRE
lrd GMAT
lest lakers
will

rel'\'hcavil!
oo
toda]
s
hexdlrnes
and on
histon 5
nlosl illuslnous
xnd nolorious
lisurcs
Hcre
:lrc
somc
nxmcs
rnd cvcnN
rbxt
culrcntl]'(in
tht
vcxr 2002) come
to mino:
.
Osama bin
Lrdcn
or the:rttack
on
the
W-orld
Tfld€
Centcr
.

The Effon
and Atlhuf
Andcrson
accounling
scaodals
.
Recenl American
Prcsidentixl
scandrls
"
AdolDh
Hitler
and drc
Jewisir
Holocrust
.
Bill Gates
and Mrctosofi
s busitess
lmcLice(
Examples such
as thcse
arc
the ali_tooobvious
ones. Try
lo
di8 a bit
deeper, showing
the
rcader

a broadei, more
Iiterate
Pcrspec[ve
Oranl'
Sparingly
on Youi
Personal
Experiences
Unlcss
the specilic
direcdve
xccompanying
thc slatemcnt
inskucts
StriYe
to Be a
othcnwisc,
i!'s
Perfectly
accePtable
lo dra9"
on
your
own
exPenences
at
work, co0cge,
or clscwhete.
llowever,
avoid

rell'in8
too hcavily
on
personal
cxpeience.
Strive
to demonstrate
through
yout essal' a
b'eadti
of
both real-world
cxpcri€nce
znd
academic
LnowledS€'
Generalist,
Not
a
Specialist
Unless
the sPecific
directive
lccompan]'i'rg
the
stalemcnl
insruc$
othetwise,
avoid harping
on

one
Particular
re,son
tlrat
you
belicvc
is
the
most
convincilg
one or
on one
examPle
that
you
thinl
is most
illusL_ltive'
Try
to rcund out
your
discussion
as.ftr.lly
xs
you reasonxbly
havc
timc
for'
To
Fuard

agarnst
gohB
orf
on a rangcnt
witi a sinSle
rsson
or eximPle'
ir-'r' to adherc
to one
of thc siruc-turrl
templares
you'll
lcaF'about
a.bit
I^tcr in
Pan 2.
rvllllrg
Skllk
lor
rbc
GRE/GMAT
Tests
,ltaut.letidoa oh
nr
Ljjj
'rrurlsqns
slrit rnql
.irss!
Jruq
x ulqr l.q3lq

.rors
ll!^r
s)ldulue
/iq
pruoddns
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s!?pt
lnJrq8lsul
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rno
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unol eNEtNvouo
9NtWXOtS
Number
of Words
Don
r wom
about
!h(
vor(l
lcngdr
of vour rss:rr,.
As long
as vo!.incorpo.
rirc
inlo lour
essx_r';lll
rb( ctcnrcnls
d):

j
suF!:csl
hcrc io
lrxn 2,
_vour
.
css
.s
word
ten8rh Nitl
bc Nppropri:rrc.

NOTE:
Thc
samplc
cR[ essa-vs
in
pan
5
of this
book mnSe
from
475
ro
675
vords
in lcngtb,
and the
GIUAT
lssue essays
m
p1n
7
mngc
from
325
ro
500
words
i.o
lengrh.
But for a

lop
score of 6,
your
lssuc
cssxy nced
nor
bc as len8ttr), ,s
my
samples,
cspecia
y
rhe longcr
oncj.
(GRE
test taters
haac
50
percenr
more
rime for lhc
lssrjc
.wnnng
r1lk,
rimc
cnough for
aboui
50
pcrccot
morc words.)
Number

of
Paragraphs
Therc
is no
"correcr"
o,
"bcst"
numbcr
of
par.rgrJphs/rr
sc for an lssuc
essat.
Ncvenheless,
an),
cRE
or GMAT
lssue essa),sboutd
jrcludc
scpaialc
inrroducrory
and sunrmar.y
(o.
conctuclinS)
paiagraphs.
ln addirion,
2ny
cM]lT Issue
cssry
sho:uld
coora;a at tcast

iuto
bod),paiigrlphs,
xnd aD,
GRE Issuc
essay should
conr,jn at teast
tbrco
bodi,
')ai?&"aphs.
Rrinonrcnl
Empnasrs
AND YouR
Essay's
Srnuounr
The
principles
of
cffccrive rh€rorjc
volr leamed
earlicr
should aiso
apply to
thc
m:rnncr in which
vou
?rrange vour
iders
(and
opposing
idcas) into

pangcaphs.
While
there
are no
hard-and.fasr
rules. here are
a handfut of
idcas for
you
ro
pul
'nlo
Dracrrce.
.
Ifvou
bcgin vour
bod)'para8rnphs
1vith your positjon,
stan s,ith
the
slrongcst
("chicf,"
"main,"
or
.primxr\r)
reason
for
that
position.
Then

in subscquent pamgraphs (or
senrenccs),
tum to
vour
sccondan
reaSons.
.
lJ
you
begin
vour'bo?y
paragm'pfrs
ty aiscussir8 a posirion
contrary
ro
yours,
suft vith
rhe slron8esr ("chid,"
-main,"
or
.p.imaor)
rcaron for
thrt
pos
t oD-lhc
one rhar
mos!
pcoplc
would
rhink

of
6fiL
By,runing
righr around
to counrer
tur .e.alon,
you
disam
.
your
dcrmctors
caf in
)our
ess:r}.
.
,^mor8
varions
opposinS poin15,
admir t}lc
skonScst one
firsr.
.
Respond innrcdiatel1,
ro
e3ch conrm'_-\'
poin!,
in
rurrl.
Don r
pile

rhcfi on, t)en
risk runmng
our of time ro respond
to rhcm
all.
|Yrlttn!
SkllLr
Ior
tbe
GIWGLUT
Tcsts
n uwpeteionla>m
tu.'.1
trt )t1rt,)./
,n.,
rtt
rt\,4
tt,t\9/:lal
a.u r(tJ
s1tt4s nutl!r4l
I
s,uosJotad
V
aluldural
!al
.06.6_.f! .9! .ZZ.soN
ir:ss1
1114,3
1111
l{.l

ts
gl
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trt
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luelrtllls
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tu:ur)rcls
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:srorlej
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spurdrp
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plnor{s
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sq,{onoJ
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auo uodn
pflnq plnoqs
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r.:r c)u?nbos
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pnr
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guroi5loJ
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lunrlndrs
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gNtLo3s-Hcrrl
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0^ MoH
uno^
uoJ
s \ndwl
PAlli z
) ou
can
u5c
thc s:rme
remPlerc
to orscuss
two or
morc examPlcs
(or
disttnct
at
s) drit
lend suPpon
lo
-vour
posroonl

Ist
Para|raPl':
Onc
cxamPlc
(or
arcx)
th3t suPpor(s
your
Pos'uon
-
counicrPoinl
-)
relJuttal
2nd
Para+tul
l: i'jl.other
cxample
(or
arca)
lhat suPPotls
yout
positioo
-)
countcrPoin!
_t
rebuttxl
3/d
ParaSrallr:
A'nDrhcr
example

(or
ar€a)
drat suPporu
your
position
-)
countcrpoiJ)!
+ rebutld
The
followinS lssue
cssi.rs
in Part 5
and Pan
7 are
ba5ed
esscntially
on
t])
varEuon:
I t I GRE
Essay Nos.
66' 85
tlll
GMdT BseY
No 74
TernPlate
B
Try this
rcmplate to
acknowledgc

ote
strong
?rgument
aS4itaJl
your
Posluon
but
wbere
you
hlvc
more re?sons
or
cx2mp)cs
in supporl
oflo
'
Positior
lst Para?rapb:
One
rcason
(afld/or
cxample)
in suppon
of
yout
positioo
2fld
Para|,"apl,.
Another
rsson

(andlor
exmple)
in support
of
yor
posilion
3rd
ParagraPlr:
Attorher
reason
(3nd/or
ex
npie)
in suppon
of
yo!
positioo
Final
Paragrapb:
-ief
countirrrgument
-+
rebutta)
The
foUowin8
issue
€ssays
jn
Pan
5

'nd Pan
7
arc btsed
essendally
on
t
templatc:
r t
I
GRE
EssaY Nos
4l,
48' 73
t l l
t GI1AT
Essay r.{os.
11 65.
84
.
':f€mPlate
C
Try
*lis
t€mplale
to acknowledgc
ote
or ntore
strong
aiguments
<84"1

)_out
position
but
wherc
you
have
betcr
reasons
andlor
cxa$ples
rin
.
suPPon
ofYour
Positioni
I
st Paragrapb:
Clt\et
countcrarg,
rmcn!
.
\ext
PatuTralb:
Attoth€r
counter"rSrmcntl
Nctt
PaTalrapb:
On'
r€ason
and/or

cxample
in
suppon of
your
pos'tron

Pete6on's
t
Wrltin9 Skl],l
to:
.GRE/GMAT;
' r t
u r t.usr.i
t
a.l o,n1,n
aq )oI
s1t'ts 3u!tu/71
E-
s,uoeattl
g
aIBIdEEI
q
arsldrllal
tS
oN ,{rss!
Iv}^t9 tl I I
9l
oN ,{rssJ
aUC
||

t
:alEldurar
sqt
uo ,{llr!urss.
p$rq
orx
/
rrcd
pw
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ur sftssr )nssl
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F
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.
(s.tdDr8ar,d.qv
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i4 s,{Essa
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puz
puo
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Dprm B.'s .rr ""
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.
Suons trJJmbr f.n uolllsod s.luesra:sls rql

tssrESE
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loJ
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eldutEx? rolprm uosser ratlro:uy
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V
lSOdt'lOO Ol /v\OH
DO'S
AT,ID
DON'Ts
FOR YOUR, ISSUE ESSAY
Noq'.
rcvicw
some of *)e ke1'
Doinls
from Pan 2. Herc s a lisr
ot DO s
and
DOr Ts ro kcep vou
on rl)c righ! rr.rck
s/h€n
l,ou
orFrnizc and composc
your
lssuc essa\,.
To
rcinforce ihc
idcas in this.lisl, eannark it and r€fer ro
il

from dmc ro tinrc ns
)'ou
pnrcticc
thc lssur
vriting
t:rsk and as
you
read
m]
s?mplc essal's in Pan
5
and Pen;.
IT{DOPTING
A I'ERSPECNVE
OR
I'OSITION
l,ru
try
to bre-lk epan the saremenr inro componcnls
or discrcte
areas
of
consideration.
ln faci. mmv GRI and G]\,L\T lssue srxrcmcnls are intcntion-
elll designcd
for
you
!o do so.
DON'T
wasre

timc sccond{uessing what thc rcadcr
mighr aSrcc
(or
disagree)
with-
Gn.E and GMAT rcaders are tmlned to be objccrive. So don't try to
anticipatc whar
a reeder
$ould
consider a
"co.rccr"
poshion (politically
or
othcrwise) on an lssuc
UO
-hed8c"
your position
by
qualifyinS your
vicwpoint
and ackrowlcdging
others. ln doing
so,
you
won'r appear wishy-wr,sh),
bu! rather thoughtft
and scholarlvl
DOI'T
l. relucrinr to rak€ a stroos slance
on

,n
lssue. bur
avoid
cofiting across
'
rs fanaricd or cxrreme.
Approach
the
lssuc cssiy
is in inrellccturl
cxcr-
cisc, not as a
forum for sharing vour
personal
beuef sysrem.
Supponrnro Youn PosnroN AND CouNTERTNG O'HERs
UO
admit aJ)d
respond to t})e ctuef
weakress
of vour
position
as
well
as to the
cbjcf mcrirs oI an opposing
posidon,
In doing so, use
varied
rhctorical

rccnmques.
UON T
overdo,r
when
it comes to dFwing on
personrl
expeoences
ro
suppon
your positjon.
Try insrerd ro dcmonst.are a breadth of both rcal-world and
t\^
9o
cxplain
how each exmple
you
mention illusrntcs l our
point.
Anyone call
sjmply list a long stdrS of examples and claim thar thcy
tllustratc a
poinl
But tic rodcrs,are lookin8 for incisivc
analysis, not fasr
q?ing (or
writin8).
DON'I
t.y
.o imprcss the rader wirh either
your lasr

knosledge
of trivia
or
your
tcchnical knowlcdgc of rhe ropic
at
hrnd.
w,tttng
Skfitt
forth
,
GRE/GIMT {etl
uw.PetcnorLt.con'
'
,|.
i
s'sal
lYulDndt
aq )of
s t4s
;iutluA\
|
s.uosrabi!
uro 'r@, !nnrl
'IlrJ.sn
rsorrl
ro
':lur)ur^uor
lsor!
'rsf,Jrll:)

pull
no^
st.a,srrr.t u^top 1ol
.
:s:rldujxx;)
SurDoddn\.ior
SuDou
or
uorllppx ul s,rtss: :nssl
s,looq
aql
Plrl
no,i
sY
'lood
lrlrlllo
,ql u!
sanssl
9lI
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PARI 2-

'
Pick
up
trcr,:r idexs:
cvcn tcading
just
the
firs( and
lasl
pal?grJPhs
of erch
€ssxl
s'ill xfford
you m:rn\' uscful
jnsighls
'
HiFlilight
tt4t-rilio'r
and rl:tctoricttl
PF,ras':s
lhcn !n
compostng
s.vcnl
essxvs
)'oursclf,
making
a spccial
effon
ro incorPorate
your

faYoriles
into vour
essays
so
tha! tl)cr
become
Pan
of
-vour
natul.al
wriring sqlc
NOTE:
For book
inJonnition,
scc
thc
books
wcb supPle'
menri
(.*'E
w.weslocv-stewan).
Dro
EvrN
Fucrurn
ron
lotrs
rt'to
Eur'lpus
Refcrrbg
to

the lists of
cornmon
themes
on
pages
13-15
irl
Pan
l' roll
up
your
sleeves
3nd hit
thc
proverbiel stacks
for
lssue
idcas All
forms
of
rncdia
a.e fair
8'Jne
i,{agazines
Tbe
Periodicals
lisLcd
below
fea$re
anicles

thrt
cover conrmon
lssue
thcmcs
(th€
first
rwo
arc €specially
relevanl
ro t}re
GI$D:
'
Itc.
business
cthics,
malta8cmcnl'
leadership'
enlrcprencurshiP
Fotir?s:
sime thcmcs
as
those in
't'c
'
u S Ncl1)s
f'World
Report:
no\ blc
crlrcnt
evcn6

'
T'be Ecollo'nLst:
Pohtical
and
economic
ideologJ'
'
.Re,rotr
idcolog.v
and culNre
Ooads
of
"cross{isciplinc"
articles)
'
Tlte
Neu lbrle''r
arts, huma{u!€s,
sociolo8J"
Popular
culturc
'
Tlre
Futurist:
a)ltrrdl
and
technological
trcnds
with
rhis list in

hand,
hcxd
to
your loczl librat'
or
thc
magazine's
Wcb sit
and tille
through
some
back
issucs
or archivcd
xrtjcles'
You'll
come
a\va)'
britnming
ov€r
with iders
for bsuc
cssays
Hloo!(5
Chcck
our
books
thar survcy
key'Pcople'
cvcnts'

'nd
dcvelopmcnts
in
lErious
are?s
of human
cndeavor.
Herc
arc lwo
uscful oncs
to st'Jt
wilh:
'.1
;r;1;;;, ,.
.
;::'.
A
Hktory
ol
Ktouledgc:
Past,
Present,
and Flture
by Ch^tlcs
uet\
'
Doren
(Birch
llne Pr6s
1991)

'
The
vorlt s Gryatest
ldeas:
An
Ef,cj'clopcdia
of socilll
lnucntiol1^s'
cd
by
Nicbolas
'{bcrll',
?
al
(Nc$'Socictl
Pubiications'
2001)
rlaut-petaBoB-con
pctedd
s
, tt,/llinq
Skl4.
forr
GRE/GiLAT
T.
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lnsst
9NidO3S-H9tH
V
SSOdt
OO
01MOH
.
Anal\1icJt
NriLrn! (i
(xcrcis(5)
.
Composing
a fult-tcngah
lssuc
cssrl,(l
cs:,i1.)

For
cxch
Froup
of
eicrcis(s.
di.ccaions
,or
rhxr groun
inrmediarely
prcccd(
th€
excrcises.,.lr-r,,?to
scs
and
collnnents
bcght
on
J)a{e
59.
Owururnc
(3
Exrncrsrs)
On
scmrch
paper.
crcare
an
oudjnc
for
c:rch

of thc
fouo\\,ing
rhrcc
lssues.
l'our
ourline
should
conrxin
nores
for:
.
At
least
one
cxamplc
andlor
rcason
in
suppon
of
cach
maiD point
o
A ba.sic
posilion
or
rhesis (for
vour
introducrion
and

concluding
prragl'lphs)
Limir your
timc
to
5
minures
per
lssue.
L For
rh€
foUowin8
Issue,
provide
n'l
ouulnc
for
,1,o
body para.
Sfaphs-thc
first
one
ir
suppon
of
the
sarcment,s
positi;n,
the
sccond

opposcd
to
i!:
."ln
ant
ficld
of eDdeavor,
an
indiviclual,s
bcst
critics
arc
tlc
individual's
own pcers
in thar
felcl."
2.
For
abe
folo*,in8
Issuc,
provide
an
outlnc
for
,rrce
body
par]graphs.
you,

probabl),
nccd
ar tea$
dlr p"_goph.
,o
comparc
diJtcrenr
rypcs
of
professions
".
""c"rion"
La
ro aef_.
the
setemeni,s
kev
rerms,
"Professional
success
usuallv
depends
on
a
person,s
abiliq,
ro
respond
and

adapt
to
unexpccted
problems
and
changing
crrcum.unccs'
3.
For
rhe
folloe/ing
lssue, provide
arl
outline
for
,/rrca
body
paragnphs.
you'll
probablv
nced
xt lcast
three paragraphs
to
examine
bodl
arerj
Lisred
and
to

corFider
oihcr
possible
crj.
alques
of the
s6tcnren!.
"Ho$,
we
reacr
ro public
scanclals_whether
in
busincss
or
potirjcs eflccrs
our vajues
and prioriries
ns
a
socicr),."
?yRrTlNG
JNIRODUCTORy
paRAGRApHS
(5
Exencrsrs)

,;r .:tj
-'
Fo-r

cach
of the
following
Issucs,
compose
a tq/o.or
tffec-senrc.ncc
t trodudoq,
paraFrrph
rh.ll:
.
Rcvcrls
rie
comple
-r,v
ofrhe
issue
.
su8teess
a
Fencral
posrrion
on tfic
issuc
o
Anrjcjp?tes
$e
sFucturc
of rbc
essr],

lYithng
Skrls
Jor
lhc
CRE/GMAT
IBLI
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