Tiếng Nhật cơ bản cho người bắt đầu_04 pptx
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Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
37
Get the Romaji for this lesson.
ミラー:
しんぶん と ざっし を かいたいです が、どこ で うって います か。
I'd like to buy a magazine and a newspaper, but where are they sold?
すずき:
えき の ばいてん で うって います よ。
They are sold at the station kiosk.
ミラー:
えいご の しんぶん も ありますか。
Do they also have English newspapers.
すずき:
ええ、ありますよ。でも、ちょっと たかい ですが。
Yes, they do. But it is a little bit expensive.
ミラー:
きょう の ジャパン タイムス は あります か。
Do you have today's Japan Times?
ばいてんのひと:
はい、あります。にひゃく ごじゅう えん です。
Yes, we do. It is two hundred fifty yen.
ミラー:
ニュース ウイーク も あります か。
Do you also have Newsweek?
ばいてんのひと:
ニュース ウイーク は もう うりきれました。
Newsweek has already been sold out.
ミラー:
じゃあ、なに が あります か。
Then, what do you have?
ばいてんのひと:
すみません。もう なにも ありません。
I'm sorry. We no longer have anything left.
Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file)
しんぶん
newspaper
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
38
ざっし
magazine
かいます
to buy
が
but
どこ
where
うります
to sell
えき
station
ばいてん
kiosk, shop, newstand
ちょっと
a little, a bit
たかい
expensive, high
にひゃく ごじゅう
two hundred fifty
えん
yen
うりきれます
to be sold out
Numbers in Japanese
Note: This should allow you to count to at least 99 million
いち
1
ろく じゅう
60
に
2
しち じゅう or なな じゅう じゅう
70
さん
3
はち じゅう
80
し
4
きゅう じゅう
90
ご
5
ひゃく
100
ろく
6
ひゃく に じゅう さん
123
しち
7
に ひゃく
200
はち
8
さん びゃく
300
きゅう or く
9
よん ひゃく
400
じゅう
10
ご ひゃく
500
じゅう いち
11
ろっぴゃく
600
じゅう に
12
なな ひゃく
700
じゅう さん
13
はっぴゃく
800
じゅう し
14
きゅう ひゃく
900
じゅう ご
15
せん
1000
じゅう ろく
16
せん さんびゃく ろくじゅう なな
1367
じゅう しち/なな
17
に せん
2000
じゅう はち
18
さん ぜん
3000
じゅう きゅう
19
よん せん
4000
に じゅう
20
ご せん
5000
にじゅう いち
21
ろく せん
6000
に じゅう に
22
なな せん
7000
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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さん じゅう
30
はっ せん
8000
よん じゅう
40
きゅう せん
9000
ご じゅう
50
いち まん
10,000
Listen to Vocabulary. (.wav file)
1. しんぶん と ざっし を かいたい です が、どこ で うって います か。
Translation: "I'd like to buy a newspaper and a magazine, but where are they sold."
"と" is a particle that serves as conjunction linking two or more nouns together. "と" is
simply translated as "and" English.
Examples:
きのう、けいざい と にほんご を べんきょう しました。
(I studied economics and Japanese yesterday.)
CD と ほん を かいます。
(I will buy a CD and a book.)
Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file)
"うって います" in the second part of the sentence is the verb+te form of the verb
うります (to sell). There are many usages of the te-form, such as a conjuction linking
two or more phrases in a sentence. However, in this case, the te-form is used to
express a state of action or being and is translated as "are sold" in the present passive.
The following are examples of how to construct the te-form using the dictionary form of
the verb as the base.
Type of Verb Dictionary Form Present Passive Form Polite Form
su-verbs:
はなす はなして はなします (to speak)
ku-verbs:
かく かいて かきます (to write)
gu-verbs:
およぐ およいで およぎます (to swim)
mu-bu-nu-verbs:
のむ のんで のみます (to drink)
あそぶ あそんで あそびます (to play)
しぬ しんで しにます (to die)
tsu-u-ru-verbs:
たつ たって たちます (to stand)
かう かって かいます (to buy)
とる とって とります (to take)
regular ru-verbs:
たべる たべて たべます (to eat)
irregular verbs:
いく いって いきます (to go)
くる きて きます (to come)
する して します (to do)
Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file)
"で" in "どこ で うって いますか。" is a particle meaning "in," "at" or "on." "で" follows
nouns and the interrogative "where" is only used in sentences with an activity verb in
the predicate. In this sentence, it literally means "At where are they sold?"
Examples:
みせ で ジュース と ミルク を かいました。
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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(I bought juice and milk at the store.)
いえ で テレビ を みます。
(I watch TV at home.)
2. じゃあ、なに が あります か。すみません。もう なに も ありません。
Translation: "Then, what do you have?" "I am sorry. We no longer have anything left."
In the response, "mo" following "nani" (an interrogative) in "moo nani mo arimasen" is
used for emphasis in negative replies to a question.
Examples:
いま、いえ に おとうさん が います か。
(Is your father home now?)
いいえ、だれ も いません。
(No, nobody is ([ome].)
Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file)
Japanese Language Lessons
LESSON 12 - The Bank (ぎんこう)
Mary visits a bank to exchange some money.
For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to
download or view a text file that contains the romaji. (Right click the link if you would like
to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your
browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson. We recommend this only be used as a
study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana.
Get the Romaji for this lesson.
メアリー:
ドル を えん に かえたいんです が、 どこ で できます か。
I'd like to change dollars into yen, where can I do this?
すずき:
あの かど の ぎんこう で できます。
You can do it at the bank on the corner.
メアリー:
ぎんこう は なんじ から なんじ まで です か。
The bank is open from what time to what time?
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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すずき:
くじ から さんじ まで です。
It's open from nine to three.
メアリー:
どようび も あいて います か。
Is it also open on Saturday?
すずき:
ええ、 あさ は あいて います。
Yes, it is open in the morning.
メアリー:
すみません。 ドル を えん に かえたいん です が。
Excuse me, but I'd like to change dollars into yen.
テラー:
はい。 この もうしこみしょ に かいて ください。
Yes, fill out this form please.
メアリー:
はい。 これ で いい です か。
Okay, is it alright like this?
テラー:
はい、 あちら で おまち ください。
Yes, please wait over there.
Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file)
ドル
dollar
えん
yen
かえます
to change
できます
can do, able to do
かど
corner
ぎんこう
bank
あきます
to be open
あさ
morning
もうしこみしょ
(application) form
かきます
to write
あちら
there (polite form of あそこ)
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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おまち ください
please wait (polite form of まちます, to wait)
Listen to Vocabulary. (.wav file)
LESSON 13 - Where is it? (どこですか？)
Mr. Suzuki and Mary discuss where they live.
For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to
download or view a text file that contains the romaji. (Right click the link if you would like
to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your
browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson. We recommend this only be used as a
study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana.
Get the Romaji for this lesson.
メアリー:
すずき さん の お すまい は どこ です か。
Suzuki-san, where is your house?
すずき:
しながわ です。
It's in Shinagawa.
メアリー:
じゃあ、べんり な ところ です ね。
Well, it's a convenient place, isn't it?
すずき:
ええ、 えき にも ちかいし、かいもの にも べんり です。
Yes, it's near the subway station, and it's also convenient for shopping.
すずき:
メアリー さん は どこ に すんで います か。
Where do you live, Mary?
メアリー:
あかさか です。
Akasaka.
すずき:
ちかてつ の えき から ちかい です か。
Is it near the train station?
メアリー:
いいえ、すこし とおい です が、とても しずか です。
No, it's a little far, but it's very quiet.
すずき:
うち です か。
Is it a house?
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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メアリー:
いいえ、マンション です。ちち も はは も とても き に いって います。
No, it's an apartment. Both my father and mother like it very much.
Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file)
おすまい
house, dwelling, housing (polite form)
べんり (な)
convenient
ちかい
close, near
すみます
to live
ちかてつ
subway, underground
すこし
a little, few
とおい
far
とても
very, extremely
しずか (な)
quiet
うち
house
マンション
apartment
き に いります
to like
Listen to Vocabulary. (.wav file)
1. ええ 、えき に も ちかい し、かいもの にも べんり です。
This sentence translates as: "Yes, it's near the subway station, and also convenient for
shopping." The key grammar pattern in this sentence is the construciton
"も～し、も～です。" "も" is a particle meaning "also" and "し" is a conjunction meaning
"and." "し" is used to connect a series of two or more related phrases in a sentence,
often for emphasis. Since the construction "～も～も" is often used to express "both~~
and~~" in positive sentences and "neither~~nor~~" in negative sentences. This
sentence can also be translated as: "Yes, it's both near the station and convenient for
shopping." Another common pattern is "は～し、も～です," meaning "not only~~, but
also~~."
Examples:
わたし は じかん も ない し、おかね も ありません。
(I neither have time nor money.)
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
44
トム の いもうと は きれい だ し、あたま も いい です。
(Tom's sister is not only pretty, but also smart.)
この ほん は ながい し、つまらない です よ。
(This book is not only long, but also boring.)
2. メアリー さん は どこ に すんで います か。
Translation: "Where do you live, Mary?" The particle "に" referring to place of existence
in this sentence is used with "すんで います" meaning "to live." Another verb using "に"
as a particle of existence is "つとめて います" which means "to be employed." In
Japanese, when giving Japanese address, start with the larger area followed by the
particle "の" and then the smaller area.
Examples:
Q: どこ に すんで います か。
(Q: Where do you live?)
A: とうきょう の あかさか に すんで います。
(A: I live in Akasaka, Tokyo.)
Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file)
Japanese Language Lessons
LESSON 14 - Let's Go (いきましょう)
Mr. Suzuki and Mr. Miller talk about their weekend excursion.
For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to
download or view a text file that contains the romaji. (Right click the link if you would like
to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your
browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson. We recommend this only be used as a
study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana.
Get the Romaji for this lesson.
すずき:
あしたは どようび です が、どこか へ いきません か。
Since tomorrow is Saturday, why don't we go somewhere?
ミラー:
とうきょう ディズニーランド へ いきましょう。
Let's go to Tokyo Disneyland.
すずき:
そう です ね。いいですね。
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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Yes, that's great.
ミラー:
なに で いきます か。
How are we getting there?
すずき:
でんしゃ でも いい です が、くるま で いきましょう か。
We can go by train, but why don't we go by car.
ミラー:
ぼく は くるま が うんてん できません。
But I cannot drive.
すずき:
ぼく が うんてん します。せんじつ うんてん めんきょしょう を とりました から。
I'll drive. I got my car license the other day.
ミラー:
そう です か。くるま も かったん です か。
Is that so? Did you also buy a car?
すずき:
いいえ、ちち の を かります。
No, I'm borrowing my father's.
ミラー:
メアリーさん も さそいましょう か。
Let's also invite Mary.
すずき:
ええ、そう しましょう。わたし は いもうと を つれて いきます。
Okay, let's do that. I'll take my sister along.
ミラー:
じゃあ、たのしみ に して います。
Well, I'm looking forward to it.
Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file)
でんしゃ
(electric) train
くるま
car
ぼく
I (male)
うんてん する
to drive
せんじつ
the other day
めんきょしょう
license
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
46
とります
to take
かります
to borrow
さそいます
to invite
つれます
to take (someone) along
たのしみ
fun
Listen to Vocabulary. (.wav file)
1. なに で いきますか。
This sentence translates as: "How are you going?" Literally translated, it says "With
what are you going?" The "で" particle implies to do something "with" or "by" so and so
means or method.
Examples:
バス で いきます。
(I am going by bus.)
にほんご で せつめい します。
(I will explain in Japanese.)
クレジット カード で はらいます。
(I will pay by credit card.)
2. くるま も かったん です か。
Translation: "Did you also buy a car?" "ん" added to the plain form of a verb and
followed by a "です か" is used in emphasing a question. In a declarative sentence, "か"
is omitted and the "plain verb form + ん" is also used for emphasis of a statement or a
fact.
Examples:
もう その えいが を みたん です か。
(Have you already seen that movie?)
がっこう へ いくん です。
(I am going to school.)
3. たのしみ に して います。
This is an idiomatic expression meaning "I am looking forward to it."
Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file)
Japanese Language Lessons
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
47
LESSON 15 - The Trip (りょこう)
Mr. Suzuki and Mr. Miller are out on an excursion.
For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to
download or view a text file that contains the romaji. (Right click the link if you would like
to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your
browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson. We recommend this only be used as a
study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana.
Get the Romaji for this lesson.
すずき:
さあ、つきました よ。
Well, we're here.
ミラー:
わあ、きれいな ところ です ね。
Wow. It's a beautiful place, isn't it?
すずき:
ええ。てんき も いい し、きもち が いい です ね。
Yes. The weather's nice and it feels good.
ミラー:
きっぷ は どこ で かうん です か。
Where do we buy the tickets?
すずき:
あそこ の まどぐち です。
Over at that ticket window.
ミラー:
ひとり いくら です か。
How much is it for one person?
すずき:
２５００えん です。こども は １５００えん です。
It's 2500 yen. It's 1500 yen for children.
ミラー:
じゃあ、いっしょ に かいましょう。
Well, let's buy it together.
Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file)
メアリー:
おなか が すきませんか。
Are you hungry?
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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ミラー:
ええ。すきました。
Yes, I am hungry.
メアリー:
なに か たべましょう か。
Why don't we eat something?
すずき:
あの レストラン で たべましょう。
Let's eat at that restaurant.
メアリー:
なに が あります か。
What do they have?
すずき:
おいしい もの が いろいろ あります。ハンバーガー も あります よ。
There are a lot of delicious things. The hamburgers are also good.
メアリー:
じゃあ、わたし は ハンバーガー と コーラ に します。
OK. I'll have a hamburger and a cola.
ミラー:
ぼく は ホット ドッグ を たべます。すずき さん は？
I'll have a hot dog. How about you, Mr. Suzuki?
すずき:
そう です ね。メアリー さん と 同じの に します。
Hmmm. I'll have the same as Mary.
Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file)
つきます
to arrive, to reach
きれい（な）
pretty, beautiful
ところ
place
てんき
weather
きもち
feeling
きっぷ
ticket
まどぐち
window, ticket window
おなじ
same
Listen to Vocabulary. (.wav file)
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
49
1. おなか が すきませんか。
Translates as: "Are you hungry?"
ええ。すきました。
Translates as: "Yes, I am hungry."
The negative form of a verb followed by an interrogative particle is often used to ask
questions. This would be the equivalent of an inverted negative question form in
English. In this example above, it would be: "Aren't you hungry?" In English, the type
of question is often used when expecting an affirmative answer. However, this is not
always the case in Japanese, where the negative verb form is used to "soften" the
question. The answer to the question can be "yes" or "no." Sometimes, the negative
verb form in a question can be used to make a suggestion as in "Eega e ikimasen ka."
("Why don't we go to a movie?")
2. きっぷ は どこ で かうん です か。
Translates as: "Where do we buy the tickets?"
あそこ の まどぐち です。
Translates as: "Over at that ticket window."
The sentence ending "～ん です / ～ん です か
" indicates that the speaker is explaining or
asking about something that is of common interest to both the speaker and the other
party. This pattern is also used to emphasize a point or an idea.
Examples:
なに を して いるん です か。
(What are you doing?)
えいご を べんきょう して いるん です。
(I am studying English.)
えき へ いきたいん です が、どこ です か。
(I'd like to go to the station, where is it?)
Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file)
