Tiếng Nhật cơ bản cho người bắt đầu_03 pot

Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
24


すずき:

アメリカ の えいが があります。メアリーさん も きます。






There's an American movie. Mary's coming, too.





ミラー:

じゃあ、 その あと れきし を べんきょうしましょう。






Okay, after that we can study some history.

Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file)






がっこう
school
ごろ
about, around
はやい
early
はじまります
begin, start
じ
o'clock
はん
half past
テレビ
television, TV
えいが
movie
れきし
history

Listen to Vocabulary. (.wav file)






1. あしたがっこうへいきますか。


The first sentence means Are you going to school tomorrow? The "へ" (pronounced e)
following a noun indicates direction to a place.



Examples:

こんどのしゅうまつとうきょうへきます。

(I am going to Tokyo this weekend.)

きょうメアリーのいえへいきます。
(Today, I am going to Mary's house.)

2. なんじにいきますか。


This sentence means What time are you going? "なんじ" is a compound word meaning
what time. "に" following time means at, referring to a moment in time. Verbatim, At
what time? However, this is often deleted when translated into English.



Examples:

えいがはなんじにはじまりますか。
(What time does the movie start?)


Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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3. ８じごろです。


This sentence means About nine o'clock. "ごろ" following time refers to around or about
so and so time.

Examples:

わたしは９じごろがっこうへいきます。
(I am going to school around nine o'clock.)








4. ８じはんです。


This sentence means At eight thirty. "はん" literally means half, so following a time, it
means half past (time) or (time) thirty



Examples:

A: えいがはなんじにはじまりますか。
(A: What time does the movie start?)


B: ６じはんです。
(B: At six thirty.)

5. でもクラスのまえにともだちとあいますから。


This sentence means But before class, I'm going to meet a friend. "と" following a noun
is a particle meaning with. The particle "から" means because, indicating reason.



Examples:

べんきょうしますから、いそがしいです。

(I am busy because I am studying.)

いそがしいですから、いきません。
(I am not going because I am busy.)

6. じゃあ、そのあとうちへきませんか。


This sentence means Then, won't you come over to my house? "Kimasen ka" implies
won't you come, Let's come, or why don't you come, inviting someone to come.



Examples:

あしたがっこうへいきませんか。
(Won't you [Let's] go to school tomorrow.)


テレビをいっしょにみませんか。
(Why don't we [Let's] watch TV together.)








7. テレビをいっしょにみましょう。


This sentence means Let's watch TV together. "を" following a noun makes a noun a
direct object. In this sentence, TV is the direct object. "~しょう" following a verb stem
makes a sentence into a suggestion, eqivalent to the English Let's.

Examples:

こんどのしゅうまつけいざいをべんきょうします
(I am going to study economics this weekend.)


テレビをいっしょにみませんか。
(Why don't we [Shall we] watch TV together.)
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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カメラをかいましょう。
(Let's buy a camera.)

にほんごをべんきょうしましょう。
(Let's study Japanese.)


Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file)




A. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.
1. あしたがっこう ( ) いきますか。
2. あしたどこ ( ) いきますか。
3. クラスはなんじ ( ) はじまりますか。

4. だれ ( ) あいますか。
5. ともだち ( ) あいます。
B. Answer the following questions according the question given.
1. あしたどこへいきますか。 (クラス)

2. クラスはなんじにはじまりますか。 (9 じ)

3. あしただれとあいますか。 (ともだち)

4. きょうなにがありますか。 (えいが)

Click here to check the answers!!


Japanese Language Lessons





LESSON 8 - Kyoto Trip (きょうと へ)
Mr. Suzuki and Mr. Miller discuss what they did during the weekend.
For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to
download or view a text file that contains the romaji. (Right click the link if you would like
to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your
browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson. We recommend this only be used as a
study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana.


Get the Romaji for this lesson.

Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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すずき:

しゅうまつどこかいきましたか。






Did you go somewhere this weekend?





ミラー:

ええ、きょうとにいきました。

Yes, I went to Kyoto.





すずき:

そうですか。どうでしたか。






Is that so? How was it?





ミラー:

たのしかったです。

It was fun.





すずき:

なにをみましたか。






What did you see?





ミラー:

ふるいてらをたくさんみました。

I saw a lot of old temples.





ミラー:

すずきさんはどこかへいきましたか。






Did you go somewhere, Mr. Suzuki?





すずき:

いいえ、どこへもいきませんでした。でも、デパートへいきました。

No, I did not go anywhere. But I went to the department store.





ミラー:

なにかかいましたか。






Did you buy something?





すずき:

ＣＤをかいました。

I bought a CD.





ミラー:

おんがくがすきですか。






Do you like music?





すずき:

ええ、だいすきです。

Yes, I like it very much.





Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file)



Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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きょうと
Kyoto
どう
How
たのしい
fun
ふるい
old
てら
temple
たくさん

many, a lot
デパート
department store
おんがく
music
すきです
to like
だいすきです
to like very much


Listen to Vocabulary. (.wav file)






1. しゅうまつどこかいきましたか。


This sentence means Did you go anywhere this weekend? The particle か attached the
interrogative どこ (where) is translated as somewhere or anywhere.

2. どうでしたか。


This sentence means How was it? でした is the past tense of です (to be) . The sentence
in the present tense would be どうですか。 (How is it?).







3. たのしかったです。


The sentence is translated as It was fun. たのしかったです is the past tense of たのしい.
かった added to the stem of an i-adjective makes the adjective into the past tense as
shown in the table below.




Present Affirmative Past Affirmative
fun
たのしい たのしかった
busy
いそがしい いそがしかった
hot
あつい あつかった
cold

さむい さむかった
early
はやい はやかった







4. すずきさはどこかへいきましたか。
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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The sentence means Did you go somehere, Mr. Suzuki? This sentence is the same in
grammar construction as grammar point # 1 (しゅうまつどこかいきました) except へ
follows どこか. へ is simply added for emphasis.



Examples:

このしゅうまつどこかへいきましょう。

(Let's go somewhere this weekend.)

5. いいえ、どこへもいきませんでした。


The sentence means No, I did not go anywhere . The particle へも following どこ
(where)
in a negative response means anywhere.



Examples:

こんどのしゅうまつべんきょうしますから、どこへもいきません。
(Because I am going to study this weekend, I am not going anywhere.)








6. なにかかいましたか。


This sentence means Did you buy something? The particle か following the interrogative
なに makes the word mean something or anything.

Examples:

テレビでなにかみませんか。
(Why don't we watch something on TV?)



Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file)




A. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.
1. あしたどこ ( ) いきますか。 (Are you going somewhere tomorrow?)

2. なに ( ) みましたか。 (What did you see?)

3. なに ( ) みましたか。 (Did you see something?)

4. どこ ( ) いきましたか。 (Where did you go?)

5. どこ ( ) いきましたか。 (Did you go somewhere?)
B. Rewrite the following with past tense.
1. たのしいです。

2. おんがくがすきです。

3. あのてらはふるいです。

4. きょうはあついです。

Click here t
o check the answers!!
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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Japanese Language Lessons





LESSON 9 - Going to a Restaurant (レストラン に いくこと)
Mr. Suzuki and Mr. Miller are going to a restaurant.
For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to
download or view a text file that contains the romaji. (Right click the link if you would like
to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your
browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson. We recommend this only be used as a
study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana.


Get the Romaji for this lesson.

すずき:

のど が かわきました ね。






Aren't you thirsty?





ミラー:

そう ですね。なにか のみましょう。






Yes, I am. Shall we get something to drink?

すずき:

はい、あの レストランは どう です か。






Yes. How about that restaurant?





ミラー:

いい です ね。はいりましょう。






That's fine. Let's go in.

すずき:

きれいな レストラン です ね。






It's a beautiful restaurant, isn't it?





ミラー:

なに が いいでしょう ね。






I wonder what's good.

すずき:

いろいろ あります ね。






There are lots of things, aren't there?(There's a lot to choose from,isn't there?)



Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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ウェイター:

いらっしゃいませ。ごちゅうもん は。

Welcome. May I take your order please?





すずき:

わたし は オレンジ ジュース と ケーキ を ください。






I'd like an orange juice and a cake please.





ミラー:

わたし は コーラ を ください。それから おなか が すきますので、サンドイッチ も
ください。

I'd like a cola please. Then, since I am hungry, I'll have a sandwich.





ウェイター:

はい、すぐ おもち します。






Yes, I'll bring them immediately.





Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file)




のど
throat
かわきます

to dry
のみます
to drink
はいります
to enter
きれい
pretty, beautiful
いろいろ
a lot, many, a variety
いらっしゃいませ
welcome
ちゅうもん
order
オレンジ ジュース
orange juice
ケーキ
cake
コーラ
cola
それから
then, afterwards, after that
おなか
stomach
すきます
to be empty
サンドイッチ
sandwich
おもちします
to bring, to carry (humble form)

Listen to Vocabulary. (.wav file)



Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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1. のど が かわきました ね。
This sentence means Aren't you thirsty? Literally translated, it means Our throat has
dried, is that so. が is a subject particle used when introducing a new topic, especially
when the subject refers to the parts of the body such as eye, nose, ear, etc.



2. きれい な レストラン です ね。
This sentence means It's a beautiful restaurant, isn't it. There are two main types of
adjectives in Japanese: i-adjectives (i.e. adjectives that end in い) and na-adjectives
(adjectives that end in な. With i-adjectives in the present tense, the i always remains
attached to the adjective whether the adjective is standing alone or modifying a noun.
With na-adjectives in the present tense, the na part is only used when modifying a
noun. Up to now, the only other na-adjective we have learned is げんき (genki).



3. ごちゅうもん は。
This sentence has been translated as May I take your order please? The prefix ご
before
certain nouns changes the noun into a formal (polite) form. お is also used as a prefix
for applying the formal form to nouns. Examples of お prefixes include: おなまえ

(name), おしごと (job), おてんき (weather), and おたんじょうび (birthday). Generally, ご
is used with words of Chinese origin and お is used with words of Japanese origin.



4. わたし は オレンジ ジュース と ケーキ を ください。
The sentence means I'd like an orange juice and a cake please. を ください is a polite
expression used when making requests, especially in restaurants or stores. It can also
be translated as May I have or please bring me.



5. はい、すぐ おもち します。
This sentence is translated as Yes, I'll bring them immediately. おもち します is the
humble (polite) form of もちます (to bring, to carry). With some Japanese verbs, the
humble form is constructed by placing the prefix お to the front of the verb, truncating
the ます, and adding します to the end of the verb. Literally, おもちします means to
humbly bring.


Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file)


Japanese Language Lessons





Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc

33
LESSON 10 - Days of the Month (ひにち)
Mr. Miller and Mr. Suzuki are talking about the date.
For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to
download or view a text file that contains the romaji. (Right click the link if you would like
to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your
browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson. We recommend this only be used as a
study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana.


Get the Romaji for this lesson.








ミラー:

きょう は なん にち です か。






What day is it today?

すずき:

きょう は しがつ ついたち です。






Today is April 1st.





ミラー:

こんど の どようび は いつか です ね。






This coming Saturday is the 5th, isn't it?

すずき:

はい、そう です。どうして です か。






Yes, it is. How come?





ミラー:

ともだち が アメリカ から きます。






A friend is coming from America.

すずき:

そう です か。なん にち ぐらい にほん に います か。






Is that so? About how long is he staying?





ミラー:

に しゅうかん です。






For two weeks.

すずき:

ミラーさん は もう どのぐらい にほん に いますか。






Mr. Miller, how much longer will you be in Japan?





ミラー:

６かげつです。






Six months.

すずき:

にほん は どう です か。






How is Japan?


Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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ミラー:

たのしい です。

It is fun.





すずき:

にほんご が じょうず に なりました ね。






Your Japanese has gotten really good.





ミラー:

いいえ、でも もっと れんしゅう したい です。

Not at all, but I still want to practice more.





Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file)






なんにち
what day
にち
day
どようび
Saturday
もう
still
どのぐらい
about how much, about how many
じょうず
skillful, good at
もっと
more
Days of the Week
げつようび
Monday 月曜日

かようび
Tuesday 火曜日
すいようび
Wednesday 水曜日
もくようび
Thursday 木曜日
きんようび
Friday 金曜日
どようび
Saturday 土曜日
にちようび
Sunday 日曜日
Dates of the Month
Note: most dates are just the number plus にち. Following are the exceptions!
ついたち
first 一日
ふつか
second 二日
みっか
third 三日
よっか
fourth 四日
いつか
fifth 五日
むいか
sixth 六日
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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なのか
seventh 七日

ようか
eighth 八日
ここのか
ninth 九日
とうか
tenth 十日
じゅうよっか
fourteenth 十四日
はつか
twentieth 二十日
Months of the Year
いちがつ
January １月
にがつ
February ２月
さんがつ
March ３月
しがつ
April ４月
ごがつ
May ５月
ろくがつ
June ６月
しちがつ
July ７月
はちがつ
August ８月
くがつ
September ９月
じゅうがつ

October １０月
じゅういちがつ
November １１月
じゅうにがつ
December １２月


Listen to Vocabulary. (.wav file)






1. There are three main verbs of existence in Japanese:


です、います、あります. These are all forms of the verb to be. です is the all-
encompassing verb to be, which can be conjugated similar to English (I am, you are,
he/she/it is, we are, you are, they are) taking both animate and inamimate nouns as
well as adjectives. ～います and ～あります both mean There is
～
or There are
～
,
however, the subjects in sentences using these verbs are restricted. います (which can
also be translated as I am, They are, etc.) refers to humans or animals whereas
あります refers to inanimate objects. In many cases, the verb あります can also mean to
have.

Examples of です: わたしは アメリカ じん です。
(I am an American.)

きょう は なん にち です か。
(What day is it today?)

あつい です ね。
(It's hot, isn't it?)

これ は ほん です。
(This is a book.)
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
36

あなた は いい がくせい です。
(You are a good student.)

にほん は どう ですか。
(How is Japan?)
Examples of います: わたし は いま がっこう に います。
(I am at school now.)

にほん に アメリカじん が たくさん います。
(There are a lot of Americans in Japan.)

いもうとさん は いえ に いますか。
(Is your sister at home?)

いぬ は いす の うえ に います。
(The dog is on top of the chair.)

なん にち ぐらい にほん に いますか。
(About how long will you be in Japan?)
Examples of あります:

きょうとに ふるい てら が たくさん あります。

(There are a lot of temples in Kyoto.)

ぺん が あります か。
(Do you have a pen?)

こんど の げつようび に しけん が あります。

(I have a test this coming Monday.)







2. にほんご が じょうず に なりました ね。


This sentence means Your Japanese has gotten really good. In this sentence, the key
verb is なります which means to become and is a very common verb used in Japan.

3. でも、もっと れんしゅう したい です。


This sentence has been translated as I want to practice more. れんしゅう したい です
means I want to practice. ～ verb + たい です means (I) want to do
～
.


Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file)


Japanese Language Lessons





LESSON 11 - The Newstand (ばいてん)
Mr. Miller is going to buy a newspaper.
For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to
download or view a text file that contains the romaji. (Right click the link if you would like
to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your
browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson. We recommend this only be used as a

study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana.