Tiếng Nhật cơ bản cho người bắt đầu_02 pdf

Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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Examples:

Waatamanu-san wa Daarasu-umare desu ka.

(Mr. Waterman,is your home in Dallas?)

Iie, Rondon desu.
(No, it is in London.)


Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file)




A. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.
1. ( (that) ) kata wa ( (who) ) desu ka.
2. ( (this) ) kata no namae wa ( (what) ) desu ka.
3. Suzuki-san wa ( (where) ) umare desu ka.
4. America no ( (where) ) desu ka.
B. Answer the question based on the dialogue.
1. Mearii-san wa Amerika-jin desu ka.

2. Mearii-san wa doko-umare dusu ka.

3. Suzuki-san wa kyoto umare desu ka.

Click here to check the answers!!

Japanese Language Lessons





LESSON 4 - Discussing the Weather
This lesson will teach you how to greet and to carry out a conversation in Japanese. In
this dialog, Yota Suzuki and Jason Miller meet for the first time at Jason's house in
Tokyo.









Yota:

Miraa-san, Shibaraku desu ne.






Mr. Miller, it's been a long time.

Jason:

Aa, Suzuki-san, kon'nichiwa.






Oh, Mr. Suzuki, hello.





Yota:

Ogenki desu ka.






Are you in good spirits? (are you healthy?)

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Jason:

Hai, genki desu.






Yes, I am.





Yota:

Saikin isogashii desu ka.

Have you been busy lately?





Jason:

Ee, chotto isogashii desu.






Yes, I am a little busy.





Yota:

Kyoo wa ii tenki desu ne.

It's nice weather today, isn't it.





Jason:

Hai, demo chotto atsui desu ne.






Yes, but it is a little hot.





Yota:

Soo desu ne. Ima Amerika mo atsui desu ka.

So it is. Is it also hot in the United States now?





Jason:

Hai, atsui deshoo.






Yes. It is probably hot.





Yota:

Amerika no fuyu wa samui desu ka.

Is it cold in the winter in the United States?





Jason:

Ee. Watashi wa Shiatoru-umare desu ga, totemo samui desu yo.






Yes. My home is in Seattle, it is very cold.





Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file)






shibaraku

it's been a long time
ne
(particle used when expecting agreement)
Aa
Oh!
O-genki
feeling in good spirits (formal)
genki
feeling in good spirits (informal)
saikin
recently
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isogashii
busy
chotto
a little
kyoo
today
tenki
weather
ii
good
demo
but
atsui
hot
Soo desu ne
so it is; yes (an expression of agreement)
ima

now
deshoo (form of desu)
it is probably
fuyu
winter
samui
cold
ee
yes (more information than hai)
totemo
very
yo
(particle used for emphasis)


Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file)







1. Miraa-san, shibaraku desu ne.

The sentence means "Mr. Miller, it's been a long time". Shibaraku is used when two
people who know each other meet after not seeing each other for a significant amount
of time. Ne is added to the end of the sentence when expecting agreement.

Examples:

Moriyama-san, shibaraku desu ne.
(Mr. Moriyama, it's been a long time.)


Sumisu-san, shibaraku desu ne.
(Mr. Smith, it's been a long time.)



2. Ee, chotto isogashii desu. / Ee, totemo isogashii desu.

The first sentence means "Yes, I am a little busy." The second sentence means "Yes, I
am very busy." Chotto is a descriptive that means "a little". It can be added to any
adjective to de-emphasize an expression. Totemo is the opposite; it means "very". It
can be added to any adjective to emphasize an expression . Totemo is used to really
emphasize an expression.


Examples:

Ee, chotto samui des.
(Yes, it is a little cold.)

Ee, totemo samui desu.

(Yes, it is very cold.)

Here you learn a new sentence pattern: Noun wa Adjective desu. It is almost
the same as noun wa noun desu in the present tense.


Examples:

Kyoo wa samui desu.
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(Today, it is cold.)

Anata wa isogashii desu ka.

(Are you busy?)





3. Kyoo wa ii tenki desu ne.

The sentence above means "The weather is pleasant today." Kyoo wa is the topic and
is used to emphasize that the following sentence refers to this day. Ii tenki is a
frequently used expression in conversation. Usually, comments about the weather
immediately follow a greeting.


Examples:

Kyoo wa totemo atsui desu.

(It is very hot today.)

Kyoo wa chotto atsui desu.

(It is a little hot today.)





4. Soo desu ne.

This expression means "So it is", "Yes, it is", or simply "yes". It is used frequently in
conversation to agree. Soo desu ka is a variation meaning "Oh, really?" and is used
when the speaker is hearing new information.


Examples:

Tanaka-san wa Kyooto-umare desu ne.
(Mr. Tanaka is from Kyoto, isn't he?)

Soo desu ne.
(Yes, he is. [He refers back to the previous statement.])

5. Ima, America mo atsui desu ka.

This sentence means "Is it also hot in the United States now?" Ima
means "now" and is
used often to emphasize an occurrence that is happening at this point in time.


Examples:

Ima, Waataman-san wa daigaku-sei desu.

(Mr. Waterman is a college student now.)


Ima, Doitsu mo samui desu ka.
(Is it also cold in Germany now?)



6. Hai, atsui deshoo.

This sentence means "Yes, it is probably hot". Deshoo is a variation of desu and means
"it is probably". In this sentence, Jason is commenting that he thinks it is hot in the
United States now because of past experience. He uses deshoo because he is not
positive since he is not there at this moment.


Examples:

Waarasu-san wa Rondon-umare deshoo.
(Mr. Wallace is probably from London.)

Are wa Akutsu-san no kamera deshoo.
(That camera over there is probably Mr. Akutsu's.)




7. Ee, Totemo samui desu yo.

This sentence means "Yes, it is very cold". The particle yo is used to emphasize a
statement. This should be used with caution as sometimes, it may be considered rude
or impolite. It should only be used with someone that the speaker knows well. Ee is a
more informal way of saying "yes" than hai.


Examples:

Ee, ano hito wa Shaafu-san desu.
(Yes, that person over there is Mr. Shauf.)


Ee, totemo atsui desu, yo.
(Yes, it is very hot.)

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Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file)

A. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.
1. Suzuki-san, ( ). (It has been a long time.)

2. Saikin ( ) desu ka. (busy).

3. Ee, ( ) desu. (a little busy)

4. Kyoo wa ( ) tenki desu ne. (bad)

5. Amerika ( ) samui desu. (also)
B. Answer the following questions according the question given.
1. Ogenki desu ka.
2. Saikin isogashii desu ka.
3. Kyoo wa ii tenki desu ne.
4. Amerika mo atsui desu ka.
5. Nihon mo atsui desu ka.

Click here to check the answers!!





LESSON 5 - Yota's Birthday and Mary's Parents
In this lesson, Mr. Suzuki asks Mr. Miller about his age and Mary about her parents.

Yota:

Miraa-san wa nansai desu ka.






Mr. Miller, how old are you?





Jason:

Jyuu-nana-sai desu. Suzuki-san wa.

I am seventeen (years old). How about you, Mr. Suzuki?





Yota:

Jyuu-kyuu-sai desu. Kinoo wa tanjoobi deshita.






I am nineteen (years old). Yesterday was my birthday.





Jason:

Soo desu ka. Omedetoo gozaimasu.


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Oh really? Happy birthday.





Yota:

Arigatoo. Miraa-san no otoo-san to okaa-san wa ogenki desu ka.






Thank you. Are your father and mother doing well (in good spirits)?





Jason:

Hai, genki desu.

Yes, they are fine.





Yota:

Mearii-san, otoo-san to okaa-san wa doko desu ka.






Mary, where are your father and mother?





Mary:

Meruborun desu.

They live in Melbourne.





Yota:

Oshigoto wa nan desu ka.






What do they do for a living?





Mary:

Chichi wa kaisha-in de, haha wa kookoo no kyooshi desu.

My father is a businessman and my mother is a high school instructor.





Yota:

Aa, sensei desu ka.






Oh, a teacher?





Mary:

Hai, rekishi no sensei desu.

Yes, she is a history teacher.





Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file)




nansai
how old
-sai
number suffix for age
ichi
one
ni
two
san
three
shi, yon
four
go
five
roku
six
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc

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shichi, nana
seven
hachi
eight
kyuu, ku
nine
jyuu
ten
kinoo
yesterday
tanjoobi
birthday
deshita
was; were (past tense of desu)
omedetoo-gozaimasu
congratulations
otoo-san
father (someone else's)
okaa-san
mother (someone else's)
shigoto
job (informal)
oshigoto
job (formal)
chichi
father (the speaker's)
haha
mother (the speaker's)
kaisha-in

businessman; white collar worker
kyooshi
instructor
sensei
teacher
rekishi
history


Listen to Vocabulary. (.wav file)




1. Miraa-san, nan-sai desu ka.
The first sentence means, "Mr. Miller, how old are you?" Nansai is a compound of the
word nan, meaning "what" and the ending -sai, meaning "age." The second sentence
means "I am seventeen (years old)." The addition of -sai to jyuu-nana changes the
meaning of jyuu-nana from simply the number seventeen to seventeen years old.


Examples:

A: Shaafu-san, nan-sai desu ka.
(A: Mr. Shauf, how old are you?)

B: Ni-jyuu-nana-sai desu.
(B: I am twenty-seven [years old].)

2. Miraa-san no otoo-san to okaa-san wa ogenki desu ka.
This sentence means, "Mr. Miller, are your father and mother well?" This sentence
introduces a new pattern: Noun to noun wa. To is a particle which is the Japanese
equivalent of the English "and."

Examples:

Wootaaman-san to Furiimanu wa tomodachi desu.

(Mr. Waterman and Mr. Freeman are friends.)

Sumisu-san to Tanaka-san wa sensei desu.

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(Mr. Smith and Mr. Tanaka are teachers.)



3. Chichi wa kaisha-in de, haha wa kookoo no kyooshi desu.
This sentence above means, "My father is a businessman and my mother is high school
instructor." This introduces the pattern: noun de noun desu. De is a shortened form of
desu which acts as a connector of two sentences, adding the conjunction "and" to the
meaning.

Examples:

Woorasu-san wa rekishi no sensei de Gaadana-san wa eigo no sensei desu.

(Mr. Wallace is a history teacher and Mr. Gardner is an English teacher. [Eigo=English])


Mearii-san wa ni-jyuu-go-sai de Jyuuri-san wa ni-jyuu-roku-sai desu.
(Mary is twenty-five [years old] and Julie is twenty-six [years old].)


Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file)




A. Say the following numbers in Japanese.
1. 7
2. 10
3. 15
4. 20
5. 23
6. 34
7. 57
8. 68
9. 81
10. 96
11. 100
12. 121
13. 135
B. How do you say the following?
1. I am sixteen years old.
2. I am twenty-two years old.
3. Are you twenty-five years old?

4. How old are you?
C. Fill in the following blanks.
1. Sumisu-san ( ), Tanaka-san ( ) gakusei desu.

2. Chichi ( ) kyoshi ( ), haha wa kaisha-in desu.

Click here to check the answers!!


Japanese Language Lessons

Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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LESSON 6 - The Weekend / Japanese Writing
(しゅうまつ / ひらがなとカタカナ)
Today, before you learn a dialogue, you are going to learn how to write Japanese
characters. There are three Japanese writing systems:
1. Kanji: Characters imported from China long ago, each conveying an idea, usually
having two reading
s. A set of more than 7,000 ideographic characters used to represent
concrete concepts such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.
2. Hiragana: A phoenetic alphabet, or syllabary (a set of characters, where each
character represents a syllable) used to represent particles in sentences, verb inflexions
(this usage is called okurigana), and other words not written in kanji. Another use is to
write them above Japanese text to indicate the pronunciation of Kanji (this usage is
called furigana).

3. Katakana: Another phonetic a
lphabet or syllabary used primarily for foreign names
or places and words of foreign origin. Katakana are written using straight lines.
Besides these three writing systems, Japanese is sometimes written in Roman letters
called roomaji. The three systems o
f writing above are used together (mixed) in written
Japanese.
For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to
download or view a text file that contains the romaji. (Right click the link if you would like
to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your
browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson. We recommend this only be used as a
study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana.


Get the Romaji for this lesson.





ようた:

メアリー さん、こんど の しゅうまつ なに を します か。




Mary, what will you do this weekend?

メアリー:

かいもの に いきます。




I'm going shopping.



ようた:

どこ へ いきます か。




Where will you go (shopping)?


Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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メアリー:

しんじゅく へ いきます。

I will go to Shinjuku.



ようた:

なに を かいます か。




What will you buy?



メアリー:

まだ わかりません が、たぶん ようふく を かいます。




I don't know yet, but perhaps I will buy some clothes.



メアリー:

すずきさん は なに を しますか。




Mr. Suzuki, what will you do?



ようた:

うち で べんきょう します。




I will study at home.



メアリー:

どう して です か。




Why?

ようた:

げつようび に しけん が あります から。




I have a test on Monday.



メアリー:

なん の しけん です か。




What kind of test?



ようた:

けいざい です。

An economics test.



メアリー:

そう です か。がんばって ください。




Oh really? Good luck.




Listen to Dialog up to this point. (.wav file)




こんど
this(the upcoming)
しゅうまつ
weekend
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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します
to do
かいもの

shopping
いきます
to go
に
to; at; on
へ
to
しんじゅく
Shinjuku
かいます
to buy
まだ
yet
たぶん
perhaps
ようふく
Western-style clothes
うち
house (speaker's)
で
at
うち で
at my house
べんきょう します
to study
どうして
why
げつようび
Monday
しけん

test, exam
が あります
to have
から
because of (preceding sentence)
けいざい
economics
がんばって ください
Good Luck


Listen to Vocabulary. (.wav file)




1. メアリー さん、こんど の しゅうまつ なに を します か。
This sentence means "Mary, what will you do this (coming) weekend?" こんど is the
equivalent of "this" or "this coming" in English, referring to the present or something
which will occur soon.

Examples:

ウォーターマン さん、こんど の どうようび なに を します か。

(Mr. Waterman, what will you do this [coming] Saturday?)


します (Shimasu) is a verb meaning "to do." It is a semi-formal form and is used in
everyday life. All Japanese verbs have semi-formal forms. (non-past affirmative, non-

past negative, past affirmative, past negative)


non-past

past


affirmative negative affirmative negative
to do
します しません しました しませんでした
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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to go
いきます いきません いきました いきませんでした
to buy
かいます かいません かいました かいませんでした
to understand
わかります わかりません わかりました わかりませんでした
to study
べんきょうします べんきょうしません べんきょうしました べんきょうしませんでした
to have
あります ありません ありました ありませんでした


Examples:

どこ へ いきます か。
(Where are you going?)

どこ へ いきました か。
(Where did you go?)

とうきょう へ いきました。
(I went to Tokyo.)

ようふく を かいました か。
(Did you but clothes?)

いいえ、かいませんでした。
(No, I did not [buy any clothes].)



Listen to the sentences in Grammar notes. (.wav file)




A. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.
1. Kondo no shuumatsu ( ) o shimasu ka.
2. ( ) e ikimasu ka
3. ( ) o benkyoo shimasu ka.
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words (From left to right).
Non-past Non-past Past Past
positive negative positive negative
します


いきません

かいました


わかりませんでした
べんきょうします


ありました



Click
here to check the answers!!



Japanese Language Lessons





LESSON 7 - Plans for Tomorrow (あしたのプラン)
Tiếng Nhật cơ bản Đào Ngọc Sắc
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Mr. Suzuki and Mr. Miller discuss what they will do tomorrow.
For those of you who would like to view the romaji for this lesson, you can click here to
download or view a text file that contains the romaji. (Right click the link if you would like

to save the file to your computer instead of viewing online.) If the file shows in your
browser, click "Back" to return to this lesson. We recommend this only be used as a
study aid, as we believe it is more beneficial when learning Japanese to learn the kana.


Get the Romaji for this lesson.








すずき:

あした がっこう へ いきます か。






Are you going to school tomorrow?





ミラー:

はい、いきます。






Yes, I am.





すずき:

なんじ に いきます か。






What time are you going?





ミラー:

８じ ごろ です。






About eight o'clock.





すずき:

はやい です ね。クラス は なんじ に はじまります か。






Wow, that's early. What time does class start?





ミラー:

８じ はん です。 でも クラス の まえ に ともだち と あいます から。






At eight thirty. But before class I'm going to meet a friend.





すずき:

クラス は なんじ に おわりますか。






What time are your classes over?





ミラー:

３じ です。






At three o'clock.





すずき:

じゃあ、その あと うち へ きません か。テレビ を いしょに みましょう。






Well, after that can you come over? Let's watch TV.





ミラー:

なに が ありますか。






What's on?